NAME

       Authen::Passphrase::MD5Crypt - passphrases using the MD5-based Unix crypt()

SYNOPSIS

               use Authen::Passphrase::MD5Crypt;

               $ppr = Authen::Passphrase::MD5Crypt->new(
                               salt => "Vd3f8aG6",
                               hash_base64 => "GcsdF4YCXb0PM2UmXjIoI1");

               $ppr = Authen::Passphrase::MD5Crypt->new(
                               salt_random => 1,
                               passphrase => "passphrase");

               $ppr = Authen::Passphrase::MD5Crypt->from_crypt(
                       '$1$Vd3f8aG6$GcsdF4YCXb0PM2UmXjIoI1');

               $ppr = Authen::Passphrase::MD5Crypt->from_rfc2307(
                       '{CRYPT}$1$Vd3f8aG6$GcsdF4YCXb0PM2UmXjIoI1');

               $salt = $ppr->salt;
               $hash_base64 = $ppr->hash_base64;

               if($ppr->match($passphrase)) { ...

               $passwd = $ppr->as_crypt;
               $userPassword = $ppr->as_rfc2307;

DESCRIPTION

       An object of this class encapsulates a passphrase hashed using the MD5-based Unix crypt()
       hash function.  This is a subclass of Authen::Passphrase, and this document assumes that
       the reader is familiar with the documentation for that class.

       The crypt() function in a modern Unix actually supports several different passphrase
       schemes.  This class is concerned only with one particular scheme, an MD5-based algorithm
       designed by Poul-Henning Kamp and originally implemented in FreeBSD.  To handle the whole
       range of passphrase schemes supported by the modern crypt(), see the from_crypt
       constructor and the as_crypt method in Authen::Passphrase.

       The MD5-based crypt() scheme uses the whole passphrase, a salt which can in principle be
       an arbitrary byte string, and the MD5 message digest algorithm.  First the passphrase and
       salt are hashed together, yielding an MD5 message digest.  Then a new digest is
       constructed, hashing together the passphrase, the salt, and the first digest, all in a
       rather complex form.  Then this digest is passed through a thousand iterations of a
       function which rehashes it together with the passphrase and salt in a manner that varies
       between rounds.  The output of the last of these rounds is the resulting passphrase hash.

       In the crypt() function the raw hash output is then represented in ASCII as a 22-character
       string using a base 64 encoding.  The base 64 digits are ".", "/", "0" to "9", "A" to "Z",
       "a" to "z" (in ASCII order).  Because the base 64 encoding can represent 132 bits in 22
       digits, more than the 128 required, the last digit can only take four of the base 64 digit
       values.  An additional complication is that the bytes of the raw algorithm output are
       permuted in a bizarre order before being represented in base 64.

       There is no tradition of handling these passphrase hashes in raw binary form.  The textual
       encoding described above, including the final permutation, is used universally, so this
       class does not support any binary format.

       The complex algorithm was designed to be slow to compute, in order to resist brute force
       attacks.  However, the complexity is fixed, and the operation of Moore's Law has rendered
       it far less expensive than intended.  If efficiency of a brute force attack is a concern,
       see Authen::Passphrase::BlowfishCrypt.

CONSTRUCTORS

       Authen::Passphrase::MD5Crypt->new(ATTR => VALUE, ...)
           Generates a new passphrase recogniser object using the MD5-based crypt() algorithm.
           The following attributes may be given:

           salt
               The salt, as a raw string.  It may be any byte string, but in crypt() usage it is
               conventionally limited to zero to eight base 64 digits.

           salt_random
               Causes salt to be generated randomly.  The value given for this attribute is
               ignored.  The salt will be a string of eight base 64 digits.  The source of
               randomness may be controlled by the facility described in Data::Entropy.

           hash_base64
               The hash, as a string of 22 base 64 digits.  This is the final part of what
               crypt() outputs.

           passphrase
               A passphrase that will be accepted.

           The salt must be given, and either the hash or the passphrase.

       Authen::Passphrase::MD5Crypt->from_crypt(PASSWD)
           Generates a new passphrase recogniser object using the MD5-based crypt() algorithm,
           from a crypt string.  The crypt string must consist of "$1$", the salt, "$", then 22
           base 64 digits giving the hash.  The salt may be up to 8 characters long, and cannot
           contain "$" or any character that cannot appear in a crypt string.

       Authen::Passphrase::MD5Crypt->from_rfc2307(USERPASSWORD)
           Generates a new passphrase recogniser object using the MD5-based crypt() algorithm,
           from an RFC 2307 string.  The string must consist of "{CRYPT}" (case insensitive)
           followed by an acceptable crypt string.

METHODS

       $ppr->salt
           Returns the salt, in raw form.

       $ppr->hash_base64
           Returns the hash value, as a string of 22 base 64 digits.

       $ppr->match(PASSPHRASE)
       $ppr->as_crypt
       $ppr->as_rfc2307
           These methods are part of the standard Authen::Passphrase interface.  Not every
           passphrase recogniser of this type can be represented as a crypt string: the crypt
           format only allows the salt to be up to eight bytes, and it cannot contain any NUL or
           "$" characters.

SEE ALSO

       Authen::Passphrase, Crypt::PasswdMD5

AUTHOR

       Andrew Main (Zefram) <zefram@fysh.org>

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright (C) 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2012 Andrew Main (Zefram) <zefram@fysh.org>

LICENSE

       This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same
       terms as Perl itself.