NAME

       DBIx::Class::Schema::Versioned - DBIx::Class::Schema plugin for Schema upgrades

SYNOPSIS

         package MyApp::Schema;
         use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema/;

         our $VERSION = 0.001;

         # load MyApp::Schema::CD, MyApp::Schema::Book, MyApp::Schema::DVD
         __PACKAGE__->load_classes(qw/CD Book DVD/);

         __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/Schema::Versioned/);
         __PACKAGE__->upgrade_directory('/path/to/upgrades/');

DESCRIPTION

       This module provides methods to apply DDL changes to your database using SQL diff files.
       Normally these diff files would be created using "create_ddl_dir" in DBIx::Class::Schema.

       A table called dbix_class_schema_versions is created and maintained by the module. This is
       used to determine which version your database is currently at.  Similarly the $VERSION in
       your DBIC schema class is used to determine the current DBIC schema version.

       The upgrade is initiated manually by calling "upgrade" on your schema object, this will
       attempt to upgrade the database from its current version to the current schema version
       using a diff from your upgrade_directory. If a suitable diff is not found then no upgrade
       is possible.

SEE ALSO

       DBIx::Class::DeploymentHandler is a much more powerful alternative to this module.
       Examples of things it can do that this module cannot do include

       •   Downgrades in addition to upgrades

       •   Multiple sql files per upgrade/downgrade/install

       •   Perl scripts allowed for upgrade/downgrade/install

       •   Just one set of files needed for upgrade, unlike this module where one might need to
           generate "factorial(scalar @versions)"

GETTING STARTED

       Firstly you need to setup your schema class as per the "SYNOPSIS", make sure you have
       specified an upgrade_directory and an initial $VERSION.

       Then you'll need two scripts, one to create DDL files and diffs and another to perform
       upgrades. Your creation script might look like a bit like this:

         use strict;
         use Pod::Usage;
         use Getopt::Long;
         use MyApp::Schema;

         my ( $preversion, $help );
         GetOptions(
           'p|preversion:s'  => \$preversion,
         ) or die pod2usage;

         my $schema = MyApp::Schema->connect(
           $dsn,
           $user,
           $password,
         );
         my $sql_dir = './sql';
         my $version = $schema->schema_version();
         $schema->create_ddl_dir( 'MySQL', $version, $sql_dir, $preversion );

       Then your upgrade script might look like so:

         use strict;
         use MyApp::Schema;

         my $schema = MyApp::Schema->connect(
           $dsn,
           $user,
           $password,
         );

         if (!$schema->get_db_version()) {
           # schema is unversioned
           $schema->deploy();
         } else {
           $schema->upgrade();
         }

       The script above assumes that if the database is unversioned then it is empty and we can
       safely deploy the DDL to it. However things are not always so simple.

       if you want to initialise a pre-existing database where the DDL is not the same as the DDL
       for your current schema version then you will need a diff which converts the database's
       DDL to the current DDL. The best way to do this is to get a dump of the database schema
       (without data) and save that in your SQL directory as version 0.000 (the filename must be
       as with "ddl_filename" in DBIx::Class::Schema) then create a diff using your create DDL
       script given above from version 0.000 to the current version. Then hand check and if
       necessary edit the resulting diff to ensure that it will apply. Once you have done all
       that you can do this:

         if (!$schema->get_db_version()) {
           # schema is unversioned
           $schema->install("0.000");
         }

         # this will now apply the 0.000 to current version diff
         $schema->upgrade();

       In the case of an unversioned database the above code will create the
       dbix_class_schema_versions table and write version 0.000 to it, then upgrade will then
       apply the diff we talked about creating in the previous paragraph and then you're good to
       go.

METHODS

   upgrade_directory
       Use this to set the directory your upgrade files are stored in.

   backup_directory
       Use this to set the directory you want your backups stored in (note that backups are
       disabled by default).

   install
       Arguments: $db_version

       Call this to initialise a previously unversioned database. The table
       'dbix_class_schema_versions' will be created which will be used to store the database
       version.

       Takes one argument which should be the version that the database is currently at. Defaults
       to the return value of "schema_version".

       See "GETTING STARTED" for more details.

   deploy
       Same as "deploy" in DBIx::Class::Schema but also calls "install".

   create_upgrade_path
       Arguments: { upgrade_file => $file }

       Virtual method that should be overridden to create an upgrade file.  This is useful in the
       case of upgrading across multiple versions to concatenate several files to create one
       upgrade file.

       You'll probably want the db_version retrieved via $self->get_db_version and the
       schema_version which is retrieved via $self->schema_version

   ordered_schema_versions
       Return Value: a list of version numbers, ordered from lowest to highest

       Virtual method that should be overridden to return an ordered list of schema versions.
       This is then used to produce a set of steps to upgrade through to achieve the required
       schema version.

       You may want the db_version retrieved via $self->get_db_version and the schema_version
       which is retrieved via $self->schema_version

   upgrade
       Call this to attempt to upgrade your database from the version it is at to the version
       this DBIC schema is at. If they are the same it does nothing.

       It will call "ordered_schema_versions" to retrieve an ordered list of schema versions (if
       ordered_schema_versions returns nothing then it is assumed you can do the upgrade as a
       single step). It then iterates through the list of versions between the current db version
       and the schema version applying one update at a time until all relevant updates are
       applied.

       The individual update steps are performed by using "upgrade_single_step", which will apply
       the update and also update the dbix_class_schema_versions table.

   upgrade_single_step
       Arguments: db_version - the version currently within the db
       Arguments: target_version - the version to upgrade to

       Call this to attempt to upgrade your database from the db_version to the target_version.
       If they are the same it does nothing.

       It requires an SQL diff file to exist in your upgrade_directory, normally you will have
       created this using "create_ddl_dir" in DBIx::Class::Schema.

       If successful the dbix_class_schema_versions table is updated with the target_version.

       This method may be called repeatedly by the upgrade method to upgrade through a series of
       updates.

   do_upgrade
       This is an overwritable method used to run your upgrade. The freeform method allows you to
       run your upgrade any way you please, you can call "run_upgrade" any number of times to run
       the actual SQL commands, and in between you can sandwich your data upgrading. For example,
       first run all the CREATE commands, then migrate your data from old to new tables/formats,
       then issue the DROP commands when you are finished. Will run the whole file as it is by
       default.

   run_upgrade
        $self->run_upgrade(qr/create/i);

       Runs a set of SQL statements matching a passed in regular expression. The idea is that
       this method can be called any number of times from your "do_upgrade" method, running
       whichever commands you specify via the regex in the parameter. Probably won't work unless
       called from the overridable do_upgrade method.

   apply_statement
       Takes an SQL statement and runs it. Override this if you want to handle errors
       differently.

   get_db_version
       Returns the version that your database is currently at. This is determined by the values
       in the dbix_class_schema_versions table that "upgrade" and "install" write to.

   schema_version
       Returns the current schema class' $VERSION

   backup
       This is an overwritable method which is called just before the upgrade, to allow you to
       make a backup of the database. Per default this method attempts to call
       "$self->storage->backup", to run the standard backup on each database type.

       This method should return the name of the backup file, if appropriate..

       This method is disabled by default. Set $schema->do_backup(1) to enable it.

   connection
       Overloaded method. This checks the DBIC schema version against the DB version and warns if
       they are not the same or if the DB is unversioned. It also provides compatibility between
       the old versions table (SchemaVersions) and the new one (dbix_class_schema_versions).

       To avoid the checks on connect, set the environment var DBIC_NO_VERSION_CHECK or
       alternatively you can set the ignore_version attr in the forth argument like so:

         my $schema = MyApp::Schema->connect(
           $dsn,
           $user,
           $password,
           { ignore_version => 1 },
         );

FURTHER QUESTIONS?

       Check the list of additional DBIC resources.

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

       This module is free software copyright by the DBIx::Class (DBIC) authors. You can
       redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the DBIx::Class library.