PROLOG

       This  manual  page  is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The Linux implementation of
       this interface may differ (consult the corresponding Linux  manual  page  for  details  of
       Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.

NAME

       tan, tanf, tanl — tangent function

SYNOPSIS

       #include <math.h>

       double tan(double x);
       float tanf(float x);
       long double tanl(long double x);

DESCRIPTION

       The functionality described on this reference page is aligned with the ISO C standard. Any
       conflict between the requirements described here and the ISO C standard is  unintentional.
       This volume of POSIX.1‐2008 defers to the ISO C standard.

       These functions shall compute the tangent of their argument x, measured in radians.

       An  application  wishing  to  check for error situations should set errno to zero and call
       feclearexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT) before calling these functions. On return, if errno  is  non-
       zero  or fetestexcept(FE_INVALID | FE_DIVBYZERO | FE_OVERFLOW | FE_UNDERFLOW) is non-zero,
       an error has occurred.

RETURN VALUE

       Upon successful completion, these functions shall return the tangent of x.

       If the correct value would cause underflow, and is not representable, a  range  error  may
       occur,  and tan(), tanf(), and tanl() shall return 0.0, or (if IEC 60559 Floating-Point is
       not supported) an implementation-defined value  no  greater  in  magnitude  than  DBL_MIN,
       FLT_MIN, and LDBL_MIN, respectively.

       If x is NaN, a NaN shall be returned.

       If x is ±0, x shall be returned.

       If x is subnormal, a range error may occur
       and x should be returned.

       If  x  is  not  returned, tan(), tanf(), and tanl() shall return an implementation-defined
       value no greater in magnitude than DBL_MIN, FLT_MIN, and LDBL_MIN, respectively.

       If x is ±Inf, a domain error  shall  occur,  and  either  a  NaN  (if  supported),  or  an
       implementation-defined value shall be returned.

       If  the correct value would cause underflow, and is representable, a range error may occur
       and the correct value shall be returned.

       If the correct value would cause overflow, a range error shall occur  and  tan(),  tanf(),
       and tanl() shall return ±HUGE_VAL, ±HUGE_VALF, and ±HUGE_VALL, respectively, with the same
       sign as the correct value of the function.

ERRORS

       These functions shall fail if:

       Domain Error
                   The value of x is ±Inf.

                   If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO)  is  non-zero,  then
                   errno  shall  be set to [EDOM].  If the integer expression (math_errhandling &
                   MATH_ERREXCEPT) is non-zero, then the invalid floating-point  exception  shall
                   be raised.

       Range Error The result overflows

                   If  the  integer  expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) is non-zero, then
                   errno shall be set to [ERANGE].  If the integer expression (math_errhandling &
                   MATH_ERREXCEPT)  is non-zero, then the overflow floating-point exception shall
                   be raised.

       These functions may fail if:

       Range Error The result underflows, or the value of x is subnormal.

                   If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO)  is  non-zero,  then
                   errno shall be set to [ERANGE].  If the integer expression (math_errhandling &
                   MATH_ERREXCEPT) is non-zero, then the underflow floating-point exception shall
                   be raised.

       The following sections are informative.

EXAMPLES

   Taking the Tangent of a 45-Degree Angle
           #include <math.h>
           ...
           double radians = 45.0 * M_PI / 180;
           double result;
           ...
           result = tan (radians);

APPLICATION USAGE

       There  are no known floating-point representations such that for a normal argument, tan(x)
       is either overflow or underflow.

       These functions may lose accuracy when their argument is near a multiple of π/2 or is  far
       from 0.0.

       On  error,  the  expressions  (math_errhandling  &  MATH_ERRNO)  and  (math_errhandling  &
       MATH_ERREXCEPT) are independent of each other, but at least one of them must be non-zero.

RATIONALE

       None.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

       None.

SEE ALSO

       atan(), feclearexcept(), fetestexcept(), isnan()

       The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2008, Section 4.19, Treatment of  Error  Conditions
       for Mathematical Functions, <math.h>

COPYRIGHT

       Portions  of  this  text  are  reprinted  and  reproduced in electronic form from IEEE Std
       1003.1, 2013 Edition, Standard for Information Technology  --  Portable  Operating  System
       Interface  (POSIX),  The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013 by the
       Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc  and  The  Open  Group.   (This  is
       POSIX.1-2008  with  the  2013  Technical  Corrigendum  1  applied.)  In  the  event of any
       discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and The Open  Group  Standard,  the
       original  IEEE  and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
       can be obtained online at http://www.unix.org/online.html .

       Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page are most  likely  to  have
       been  introduced  during  the conversion of the source files to man page format. To report
       such errors, see https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .