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This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux implementation of
this interface may differ (consult the corresponding Linux manual page for details of
Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
NAME
tcsetattr — set the parameters associated with the terminal
SYNOPSIS
#include <termios.h>
int tcsetattr(int fildes, int optional_actions,
const struct termios *termios_p);
DESCRIPTION
The tcsetattr() function shall set the parameters associated with the terminal referred to
by the open file descriptor fildes (an open file descriptor associated with a terminal)
from the termios structure referenced by termios_p as follows:
* If optional_actions is TCSANOW, the change shall occur immediately.
* If optional_actions is TCSADRAIN, the change shall occur after all output written to
fildes is transmitted. This function should be used when changing parameters that
affect output.
* If optional_actions is TCSAFLUSH, the change shall occur after all output written to
fildes is transmitted, and all input so far received but not read shall be discarded
before the change is made.
If the output baud rate stored in the termios structure pointed to by termios_p is the
zero baud rate, B0, the modem control lines shall no longer be asserted. Normally, this
shall disconnect the line.
If the input baud rate stored in the termios structure pointed to by termios_p is 0, the
input baud rate given to the hardware is the same as the output baud rate stored in the
termios structure.
The tcsetattr() function shall return successfully if it was able to perform any of the
requested actions, even if some of the requested actions could not be performed. It shall
set all the attributes that the implementation supports as requested and leave all the
attributes not supported by the implementation unchanged. If no part of the request can be
honored, it shall return −1 and set errno to [EINVAL]. If the input and output baud rates
differ and are a combination that is not supported, neither baud rate shall be changed. A
subsequent call to tcgetattr() shall return the actual state of the terminal device
(reflecting both the changes made and not made in the previous tcsetattr() call). The
tcsetattr() function shall not change the values found in the termios structure under any
circumstances.
The effect of tcsetattr() is undefined if the value of the termios structure pointed to by
termios_p was not derived from the result of a call to tcgetattr() on fildes; an
application should modify only fields and flags defined by this volume of POSIX.1‐2008
between the call to tcgetattr() and tcsetattr(), leaving all other fields and flags
unmodified.
No actions defined by this volume of POSIX.1‐2008, other than a call to tcsetattr(), a
close of the last file descriptor in the system associated with this terminal device, or
an open of the first file descriptor in the system associated with this terminal device
(using the O_TTY_INIT flag if it is non-zero and the device is not a pseudo-terminal),
shall cause any of the terminal attributes defined by this volume of POSIX.1‐2008 to
change.
If tcsetattr() is called from a process which is a member of a background process group on
a fildes associated with its controlling terminal:
* If the calling thread is blocking SIGTTOU signals or the process is ignoring SIGTTOU
signals, the operation completes normally and no signal is sent.
* Otherwise, a SIGTTOU signal shall be sent to the process group.
RETURN VALUE
Upon successful completion, 0 shall be returned. Otherwise, −1 shall be returned and errno
set to indicate the error.
ERRORS
The tcsetattr() function shall fail if:
EBADF The fildes argument is not a valid file descriptor.
EINTR A signal interrupted tcsetattr().
EINVAL The optional_actions argument is not a supported value, or an attempt was made to
change an attribute represented in the termios structure to an unsupported value.
EIO The process group of the writing process is orphaned, the calling thread is not
blocking SIGTTOU, and the process is not ignoring SIGTTOU.
ENOTTY The file associated with fildes is not a terminal.
The following sections are informative.
EXAMPLES
None.
APPLICATION USAGE
If trying to change baud rates, applications should call tcsetattr() then call tcgetattr()
in order to determine what baud rates were actually selected.
In general, there are two reasons for an application to change the parameters associated
with a terminal device:
1. The device already has working parameter settings but the application needs a
different behavior, such as non-canonical mode instead of canonical mode. The
application sets (or clears) only a few flags or c_cc[] values. Typically, the
terminal device in this case is either the controlling terminal for the process or a
pseudo-terminal.
2. The device is a modem or similar piece of equipment connected by a serial line, and it
was not open before the application opened it. In this case, the application needs to
initialize all of the parameter settings ``from scratch''. However, since the termios
structure may include both standard and non-standard parameters, the application
cannot just initialize the whole structure in an arbitrary way (e.g., using memset())
as this may cause some of the non-standard parameters to be set incorrectly, resulting
in non-conforming behavior of the terminal device. Conversely, the application cannot
just set the standard parameters, assuming that the non-standard parameters will
already have suitable values, as the device might previously have been used with non-
conforming parameter settings (and some implementations retain the settings from one
use to the next). The solution is to open the terminal device using the O_TTY_INIT
flag to initialize the terminal device to have conforming parameter settings, obtain
those settings using tcgetattr(), and then set all of the standard parameters to the
desired settings.
RATIONALE
The tcsetattr() function can be interrupted in the following situations:
* It is interrupted while waiting for output to drain.
* It is called from a process in a background process group and SIGTTOU is caught.
See also the RATIONALE section in tcgetattr().
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Using an input baud rate of 0 to set the input rate equal to the output rate may not
necessarily be supported in a future version of this volume of POSIX.1‐2008.
SEE ALSO
cfgetispeed(), tcgetattr()
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2008, Chapter 11, General Terminal Interface,
<termios.h>
COPYRIGHT
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE Std
1003.1, 2013 Edition, Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System
Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. (This is
POSIX.1-2008 with the 2013 Technical Corrigendum 1 applied.) In the event of any
discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at http://www.unix.org/online.html .
Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page are most likely to have
been introduced during the conversion of the source files to man page format. To report
such errors, see https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .