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NAME
wcstol, wcstoll — convert a wide-character string to a long integer
SYNOPSIS
#include <wchar.h>
long wcstol(const wchar_t *restrict nptr, wchar_t **restrict endptr,
int base);
long long wcstoll(const wchar_t *restrict nptr,
wchar_t **restrict endptr, int base);
DESCRIPTION
The functionality described on this reference page is aligned with the ISO C standard. Any
conflict between the requirements described here and the ISO C standard is unintentional.
This volume of POSIX.1‐2008 defers to the ISO C standard.
These functions shall convert the initial portion of the wide-character string pointed to
by nptr to long and long long, respectively. First, they shall decompose the input string
into three parts:
1. An initial, possibly empty, sequence of white-space wide-character codes (as specified
by iswspace())
2. A subject sequence interpreted as an integer represented in some radix determined by
the value of base
3. A final wide-character string of one or more unrecognized wide-character codes,
including the terminating null wide-character code of the input wide-character string
Then they shall attempt to convert the subject sequence to an integer, and return the
result.
If base is 0, the expected form of the subject sequence is that of a decimal constant,
octal constant, or hexadecimal constant, any of which may be preceded by a '+' or '−'
sign. A decimal constant begins with a non-zero digit, and consists of a sequence of
decimal digits. An octal constant consists of the prefix '0' optionally followed by a
sequence of the digits '0' to '7' only. A hexadecimal constant consists of the prefix 0x
or 0X followed by a sequence of the decimal digits and letters 'a' (or 'A') to 'f' (or
'F') with values 10 to 15 respectively.
If the value of base is between 2 and 36, the expected form of the subject sequence is a
sequence of letters and digits representing an integer with the radix specified by base,
optionally preceded by a '+' or '−' sign, but not including an integer suffix. The letters
from 'a' (or 'A') to 'z' (or 'Z') inclusive are ascribed the values 10 to 35; only letters
whose ascribed values are less than that of base shall be permitted. If the value of base
is 16, the wide-character code representations of 0x or 0X may optionally precede the
sequence of letters and digits, following the sign if present.
The subject sequence is defined as the longest initial subsequence of the input wide-
character string, starting with the first non-white-space wide-character code that is of
the expected form. The subject sequence contains no wide-character codes if the input
wide-character string is empty or consists entirely of white-space wide-character code, or
if the first non-white-space wide-character code is other than a sign or a permissible
letter or digit.
If the subject sequence has the expected form and base is 0, the sequence of wide-
character codes starting with the first digit shall be interpreted as an integer constant.
If the subject sequence has the expected form and the value of base is between 2 and 36,
it shall be used as the base for conversion, ascribing to each letter its value as given
above. If the subject sequence begins with a minus-sign, the value resulting from the
conversion shall be negated. A pointer to the final wide-character string shall be stored
in the object pointed to by endptr, provided that endptr is not a null pointer.
In other than the C or POSIX locales, other implementation-defined subject sequences may
be accepted.
If the subject sequence is empty or does not have the expected form, no conversion shall
be performed; the value of nptr shall be stored in the object pointed to by endptr,
provided that endptr is not a null pointer.
These functions shall not change the setting of errno if successful.
Since 0, {LONG_MIN} or {LLONG_MIN} and {LONG_MAX} or {LLONG_MAX} are returned on error and
are also valid returns on success, an application wishing to check for error situations
should set errno to 0, then call wcstol() or wcstoll(), then check errno.
RETURN VALUE
Upon successful completion, these functions shall return the converted value, if any. If
no conversion could be performed, 0 shall be returned and errno may be set to indicate the
error. If the correct value is outside the range of representable values, {LONG_MIN},
{LONG_MAX}, {LLONG_MIN}, or {LLONG_MAX} shall be returned (according to the sign of the
value), and errno set to [ERANGE].
ERRORS
These functions shall fail if:
EINVAL The value of base is not supported.
ERANGE The value to be returned is not representable.
These functions may fail if:
EINVAL No conversion could be performed.
The following sections are informative.
EXAMPLES
None.
APPLICATION USAGE
None.
RATIONALE
None.
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
None.
SEE ALSO
fscanf(), iswalpha(), wcstod()
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2008, <wchar.h>
COPYRIGHT
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE Std
1003.1, 2013 Edition, Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System
Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. (This is
POSIX.1-2008 with the 2013 Technical Corrigendum 1 applied.) In the event of any
discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at http://www.unix.org/online.html .
Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page are most likely to have
been introduced during the conversion of the source files to man page format. To report
such errors, see https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .