Provided by: firejail_0.9.62-3ubuntu0.1_amd64 
NAME
profile - Security profile file syntax for Firejail
USAGE
firejail --profile=filename.profile
firejail --profile=profile_name
DESCRIPTION
Several command line options can be passed to the program using profile files. Firejail chooses the
profile file as follows:
1. If a profile file is provided by the user with --profile option, the profile file is loaded. If a
profile name is given, it is searched for first in the ~/.config/firejail directory and if not found then
in /etc/firejail directory. Profile names do not include the .profile suffix. Example:
$ firejail --profile=/home/netblue/icecat.profile icecat
Reading profile /home/netblue/icecat.profile
[...]
$ firejail --profile=icecat icecat-wrapper.sh
Reading profile /etc/firejail/icecat.profile
[...]
2. If a profile file with the same name as the application is present in ~/.config/firejail directory or
in /etc/firejail, the profile is loaded. ~/.config/firejail takes precedence over /etc/firejail. Example:
$ firejail icecat
Command name #icecat#
Found icecat profile in /home/netblue/.config/firejail directory
Reading profile /home/netblue/.config/firejail/icecat.profile
[...]
3. Use a default.profile file if the sandbox is started by a regular user, or a server.profile file if
the sandbox is started by root. Firejail looks for these files in ~/.config/firejail directory, followed
by /etc/firejail directory. To disable default profile loading, use --noprofile command option. Example:
$ firejail
Reading profile /etc/firejail/default.profile
Parent pid 8553, child pid 8554
Child process initialized
[...]
$ firejail --noprofile
Parent pid 8553, child pid 8554
Child process initialized
[...]
Templates
In /usr/share/doc/firejail there are two templates to write new profiles.
profile.template - for regular profiles
redirect_alias-profile.template - for aliasing/redirecting profiles
Scripting
Scripting commands:
File and directory names
File and directory names containing spaces are supported. The space character ' ' should not be
escaped.
Example: "blacklist ~/My Virtual Machines"
# this is a comment
?CONDITIONAL: profile line
Conditionally add profile line.
Example: "?HAS_APPIMAGE: whitelist ${HOME}/special/appimage/dir"
This example will load the whitelist profile line only if the --appimage option has been specified
on the command line.
Currently the only conditionals supported this way are HAS_APPIMAGE, HAS_NET, HAS_NODBUS and
HAS_X11. The conditionals BROWSER_DISABLE_U2F and BROWSER_ALLOW_DRM can be enabled or disabled
globally in Firejail's configuration file.
The profile line may be any profile line that you would normally use in a profile except for
"quiet" and "include" lines.
include other.profile
Include other.profile file.
Example: "include /etc/firejail/disable-common.inc"
The file name can be prefixed with a macro such as ${HOME} or ${CFG}. ${HOME} is expanded as user
home directory, and ${CFG} is expanded as Firejail system configuration directory - in most cases
/etc/firejail or /usr/local/etc/firejail.
Example: "include ${HOME}/myprofiles/profile1" will load "~/myprofiles/profile1" file.
Example: "include ${CFG}/firefox.profile" will load "/etc/firejail/firefox.profile" file.
The file name may also be just the name without the leading directory components. In this case,
first the user config directory (${HOME}/.config/firejail) is searched for the file name and if
not found then the system configuration directory is search for the file name. Note: Unlike the
--profile option which takes a profile name without the '.profile' suffix, include must be given
the full file name.
Example: "include firefox.profile" will load "${HOME}/.config/firejail/firefox.profile" file and
if it does not exist "${CFG}/firefox.profile" will be loaded.
System configuration files in ${CFG} are overwritten during software installation. Persistent
configuration at system level is handled in ".local" files. For every profile file in ${CFG}
directory, the user can create a corresponding .local file storing modifications to the persistent
configuration. Persistent .local files are included at the start of regular profile files.
noblacklist file_name
If the file name matches file_name, the file will not be blacklisted in any blacklist commands
that follow.
Example: "noblacklist ${HOME}/.mozilla"
nowhitelist file_name
If the file name matches file_name, the file will not be whitelisted in any whitelist commands
that follow.
Example: "nowhitelist ~/.config"
ignore Ignore command.
Example: "ignore seccomp"
Example: "ignore net eth0"
quiet Disable Firejail's output. This should be the first uncommented command in the profile file.
Example: "quiet"
Filesystem
These profile entries define a chroot filesystem built on top of the existing host filesystem. Each line
describes a file/directory that is inaccessible (blacklist), a read-only file or directory (read-only), a
tmpfs mounted on top of an existing directory (tmpfs), or mount-bind a directory or file on top of
another directory or file (bind). Use private to set private mode. File globbing is supported, and PATH
and HOME directories are searched. Examples:
blacklist file_or_directory
Blacklist directory or file. Examples:
blacklist /usr/bin
blacklist /usr/bin/gcc*
blacklist ${PATH}/ifconfig
blacklist ${HOME}/.ssh
blacklist-nolog file_or_directory
When --tracelog flag is set, blacklisting generates syslog messages if the sandbox tries to access
the file or directory. blacklist-nolog command disables syslog messages for this particular file
or directory. Examples:
blacklist-nolog /usr/bin
blacklist-nolog /usr/bin/gcc*
bind directory1,directory2
Mount-bind directory1 on top of directory2. This option is only available when running as root.
bind file1,file2
Mount-bind file1 on top of file2. This option is only available when running as root.
disable-mnt
Disable /mnt, /media, /run/mount and /run/media access.
keep-dev-shm
/dev/shm directory is untouched (even with private-dev).
keep-var-tmp
/var/tmp directory is untouched.
mkdir directory
Create a directory in user home or under /tmp before the sandbox is started. The directory is
created if it doesn't already exist.
Use this command for whitelisted directories you need to preserve when the sandbox is closed.
Without it, the application will create the directory, and the directory will be deleted when the
sandbox is closed. Subdirectories are recursively created. Example from firefox profile:
mkdir ~/.mozilla
whitelist ~/.mozilla
mkdir ~/.cache/mozilla/firefox
whitelist ~/.cache/mozilla/firefox
mkfile file
Similar to mkdir, this command creates a file in user home or under /tmp before the sandbox is
started. The file is created if it doesn't already exist.
noexec file_or_directory
Remount the file or the directory noexec, nodev and nosuid.
overlay
Mount a filesystem overlay on top of the current filesystem. The overlay is stored in
$HOME/.firejail/<PID> directory.
overlay-named name
Mount a filesystem overlay on top of the current filesystem. The overlay is stored in
$HOME/.firejail/name directory.
overlay-tmpfs
Mount a filesystem overlay on top of the current filesystem. All filesystem modifications
are discarded when the sandbox is closed.
private
Mount new /root and /home/user directories in temporary filesystems. All modifications are
discarded when the sandbox is closed.
private directory
Use directory as user home.
private-bin file,file
Build a new /bin in a temporary filesystem, and copy the programs in the list. The same directory
is also bind-mounted over /sbin, /usr/bin and /usr/sbin.
private-cache
Mount an empty temporary filesystem on top of the .cache directory in user home. All modifications
are discarded when the sandbox is closed.
private-cwd
Set working directory inside jail to the home directory, and failing that, the root directory.
private-cwd directory
Set working directory inside the jail.
private-dev
Create a new /dev directory. Only disc, dri, dvb, hidraw, null, full, zero, tty, pts, ptmx,
random, snd, urandom, video, log, shm and usb devices are available. Use the options no3d, nodvd,
nosound, notv, nou2f and novideo for additional restrictions.
private-etc file,directory
Build a new /etc in a temporary filesystem, and copy the files and directories in the list. All
modifications are discarded when the sandbox is closed.
private-home file,directory
Build a new user home in a temporary filesystem, and copy the files and directories in the list in
the new home. All modifications are discarded when the sandbox is closed.
private-lib file,directory
Build a new /lib directory and bring in the libraries required by the application to run. This
feature is still under development, see man 1 firejail for some examples.
private-opt file,directory
Build a new /opt in a temporary filesystem, and copy the files and directories in the list. All
modifications are discarded when the sandbox is closed.
private-srv file,directory
Build a new /srv in a temporary filesystem, and copy the files and directories in the list. All
modifications are discarded when the sandbox is closed.
private-tmp
Mount an empty temporary filesystem on top of /tmp directory whitelisting /tmp/.X11-unix.
read-only file_or_directory
Make directory or file read-only.
read-write file_or_directory
Make directory or file read-write.
tmpfs directory
Mount an empty tmpfs filesystem on top of directory. This option is available only when running
the sandbox as root.
tracelog
Blacklist violations logged to syslog.
whitelist file_or_directory
Whitelist directory or file. A temporary file system is mounted on the top directory, and the
whitelisted files are mount-binded inside. Modifications to whitelisted files are persistent,
everything else is discarded when the sandbox is closed. The top directory could be user home,
/dev, /etc, /media, /mnt, /opt, /srv, /sys/module, /usr/share, /var, and /tmp.
Symbolic link handling: with the exception of user home, both the link and the real file should be
in the same top directory. For user home, both the link and the real file should be owned by the
user.
writable-etc
Mount /etc directory read-write.
writable-run-user
Disable the default blacklisting of run/user/$UID/systemd and /run/user/$UID/gnupg.
writable-var
Mount /var directory read-write.
writable-var-log
Use the real /var/log directory, not a clone. By default, a tmpfs is mounted on top of /var/log
directory, and a skeleton filesystem is created based on the original /var/log.
Security filters
The following security filters are currently implemented:
allow-debuggers
Allow tools such as strace and gdb inside the sandbox by whitelisting system calls ptrace and
process_vm_readv.
apparmor
Enable AppArmor confinement.
caps Enable default Linux capabilities filter.
caps.drop capability,capability,capability
Blacklist given Linux capabilities.
caps.drop all
Blacklist all Linux capabilities.
caps.keep capability,capability,capability
Whitelist given Linux capabilities.
memory-deny-write-execute
Install a seccomp filter to block attempts to create memory mappings that are both writable and
executable, to change mappings to be executable or to create executable shared memory.
nonewprivs
Sets the NO_NEW_PRIVS prctl. This ensures that child processes cannot acquire new privileges
using execve(2); in particular, this means that calling a suid binary (or one with file
capabilities) does not result in an increase of privilege.
noroot Use this command to enable an user namespace. The namespace has only one user, the current user.
There is no root account (uid 0) defined in the namespace.
protocol protocol1,protocol2,protocol3
Enable protocol filter. The filter is based on seccomp and checks the first argument to socket
system call. Recognized values: unix, inet, inet6, netlink and packet.
seccomp
Enable seccomp filter and blacklist the syscalls in the default list. See man 1 firejail for more
details.
seccomp syscall,syscall,syscall
Enable seccomp filter and blacklist the system calls in the list on top of default seccomp filter.
seccomp.block-secondary
Enable seccomp filter and filter system call architectures so that only the native architecture is
allowed.
seccomp.drop syscall,syscall,syscall
Enable seccomp filter and blacklist the system calls in the list.
seccomp.keep syscall,syscall,syscall
Enable seccomp filter and whitelist the system calls in the list.
x11 Enable X11 sandboxing.
x11 none
Blacklist /tmp/.X11-unix directory, ${HOME}/.Xauthority and file specified in ${XAUTHORITY}
environment variable. Remove DISPLAY and XAUTHORITY environment variables. Stop with error
message if X11 abstract socket will be accessible in jail.
x11 xephyr
Enable X11 sandboxing with Xephyr server.
x11 xorg
Enable X11 sandboxing with X11 security extension.
x11 xpra
Enable X11 sandboxing with Xpra server.
x11 xvfb
Enable X11 sandboxing with Xvfb server.
xephyr-screen WIDTHxHEIGHT
Set screen size for x11 xephyr. This command should be included in the profile file before x11
xephyr command.
Example:
xephyr-screen 640x480
x11 xephyr
Resource limits, CPU affinity, Control Groups
These profile entries define the limits on system resources (rlimits) for the processes inside the
sandbox. The limits can be modified inside the sandbox using the regular ulimit command. cpu command
configures the CPU cores available, and cgroup command place the sandbox in an existing control group.
Examples:
cgroup /sys/fs/cgroup/g1/tasks
The sandbox is placed in g1 control group.
cpu 0,1,2
Use only CPU cores 0, 1 and 2.
nice -5
Set a nice value of -5 to all processes running inside the sandbox.
rlimit-as 123456789012
Set the maximum size of the process's virtual memory to 123456789012 bytes.
rlimit-cpu 123
Set the maximum CPU time in seconds.
rlimit-fsize 1024
Set the maximum file size that can be created by a process to 1024 bytes.
rlimit-nproc 1000
Set the maximum number of processes that can be created for the real user ID of the calling
process to 1000.
rlimit-nofile 500
Set the maximum number of files that can be opened by a process to 500.
rlimit-sigpending 200
Set the maximum number of processes that can be created for the real user ID of the calling
process to 200.
timeout hh:mm:ss
Kill the sandbox automatically after the time has elapsed. The time is specified in
hours/minutes/seconds format.
User Environment
allusers
All user home directories are visible inside the sandbox. By default, only current user home
directory is visible.
env name=value
Set environment variable. Examples:
env LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/test/lib
env CFLAGS="-W -Wall -Werror"
ipc-namespace
Enable IPC namespace.
name sandboxname
Set sandbox name. Example:
name browser
no3d Disable 3D hardware acceleration.
noautopulse
Disable automatic ~/.config/pulse init, for complex setups such as remote pulse servers or non-
standard socket paths.
nodbus Disable D-Bus access. Only the regular UNIX socket is handled by this command. To disable the
abstract socket, you would need to request a new network namespace using the net command. Another
option is to remove unix from protocol set.
nodvd Disable DVD and audio CD devices.
nogroups
Disable supplementary user groups
nosound
Disable sound system.
notv Disable DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting) TV devices.
nou2f Disable U2F devices.
novideo
Disable video devices.
shell none
Run the program directly, without a shell.
Networking
Networking features available in profile files.
defaultgw address
Use this address as default gateway in the new network namespace.
dns address
Set a DNS server for the sandbox. Up to three DNS servers can be defined.
hostname name
Set a hostname for the sandbox.
hosts-file file
Use file as /etc/hosts.
ip address
Assign IP addresses to the last network interface defined by a net command. A default gateway is
assigned by default.
Example:
net eth0
ip 10.10.20.56
ip none
No IP address and no default gateway are configured for the last interface defined by a net
command. Use this option in case you intend to start an external DHCP client in the sandbox.
Example:
net eth0
ip none
ip6 address
Assign IPv6 addresses to the last network interface defined by a net command.
Example:
net eth0
ip6 2001:0db8:0:f101::1/64
iprange address,address
Assign an IP address in the provided range to the last network interface defined by a net
command. A default gateway is assigned by default.
Example:
net eth0
iprange 192.168.1.150,192.168.1.160
mac address
Assign MAC addresses to the last network interface defined by a net command.
machine-id
Spoof id number in /etc/machine-id file - a new random id is generated inside the sandbox.
mtu number
Assign a MTU value to the last network interface defined by a net command.
net bridge_interface
Enable a new network namespace and connect it to this bridge interface. Unless specified with
option --ip and --defaultgw, an IP address and a default gateway will be assigned automatically to
the sandbox. The IP address is verified using ARP before assignment. The address configured as
default gateway is the bridge device IP address. Up to four --net bridge devices can be defined.
Mixing bridge and macvlan devices is allowed.
net ethernet_interface|wireless_interface
Enable a new network namespace and connect it to this ethernet interface using the standard Linux
macvlan or ipvlan driver. Unless specified with option --ip and --defaultgw, an IP address and a
default gateway will be assigned automatically to the sandbox. The IP address is verified using
ARP before assignment. The address configured as default gateway is the default gateway of the
host. Up to four --net devices can be defined. Mixing bridge and macvlan devices is allowed.
net none
Enable a new, unconnected network namespace. The only interface available in the new namespace is
a new loopback interface (lo). Use this option to deny network access to programs that don't
really need network access.
net tap_interface
Enable a new network namespace and connect it to this ethernet tap interface using the standard
Linux macvlan driver. If the tap interface is not configured, the sandbox will not try to
configure the interface inside the sandbox. Please use ip, netmask and defaultgw to specify the
configuration.
netfilter
If a new network namespace is created, enabled default network filter.
netfilter filename
If a new network namespace is created, enabled the network filter in filename.
netmask address
Use this option when you want to assign an IP address in a new namespace and the parent interface
specified by --net is not configured. An IP address and a default gateway address also have to be
added.
veth-name name
Use this name for the interface connected to the bridge for --net=bridge_interface commands,
instead of the default one.
Other
deterministic-exit-code
Always exit firejail with the first child's exit status. The default behavior is to use the exit
status of the final child to exit, which can be nondeterministic.
join-or-start sandboxname
Join the sandbox identified by name or start a new one. Same as "firejail --join=sandboxname"
command if sandbox with specified name exists, otherwise same as "name sandboxname".
FILES
/etc/firejail/filename.profile, $HOME/.config/firejail/filename.profile
LICENSE
Firejail is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General
Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
option) any later version.
Homepage: https://firejail.wordpress.com
SEE ALSO
firejail(1), firemon(1), firecfg(1), firejail-login(5) firejail-users(5)