NAME

       f2c - Convert Fortran 77 to C or C++

SYNOPSIS

       f2c [ option ...  ] file ...

DESCRIPTION

       F2c  converts  Fortran  77 source code in files with names ending in `.f' or `.F' to C (or
       C++) source files in the current directory, with `.c' substituted for the  final  `.f'  or
       `.F'.   If  no Fortran files are named, f2c reads Fortran from standard input and writes C
       on standard output.  File names that end with `.p' or  `.P'  are  taken  to  be  prototype
       files, as produced by option `-P', and are read first.

       The following options have the same meaning as in f77(1).

       -C     Compile code to check that subscripts are within declared array bounds.

       -I2    Render  INTEGER  and  LOGICAL  as short, INTEGER∗4 as long int.  Assume the default
              libF77 and libI77:  allow only INTEGER∗4 (and no LOGICAL)  variables  in  INQUIREs.
              Option `-I4' confirms the default rendering of INTEGER as long int.

       -Idir  Look  for  a  non-absolute include file first in the directory of the current input
              file, then in directories specified by  -I  options  (one  directory  per  option).
              Options  -I2  and  -I4  have  precedence,  so,  e.g., a directory named 2 should be
              specified by -I./2 .

       -onetrip
              Compile DO loops that are performed at least once if reached.  (Fortran 77 DO loops
              are not performed at all if the upper limit is smaller than the lower limit.)

       -U     Honor  the  case of variable and external names.  Fortran keywords must be in lower
              case.

       -u     Make the default type of a variable  `undefined'  rather  than  using  the  default
              Fortran rules.

       -w     Suppress  all  warning  messages,  or,  if  the  option  is `-w66', just Fortran 66
              compatibility warnings.

       The following options are peculiar to f2c.

       -A     Produce ANSI C (default, starting 20020621).  For old-style C, use option -K.

       -a     Make local variables automatic rather than static unless they  appear  in  a  DATA,
              EQUIVALENCE, NAMELIST, or SAVE statement.

       -C++   Output C++ code.

       -c     Include original Fortran source as comments.

       -cd    Do  not recognize cdabs, cdcos, cdexp, cdlog, cdsin, and cdsqrt as synonyms for the
              double complex intrinsics zabs, zcos, zexp, zlog, zsin,  and  zsqrt,  respectively,
              nor dreal as a synonym for dble.

       -ddir  Write `.c' files in directory dir instead of the current directory.

       -E     Declare uninitialized COMMON to be Extern (overridably defined in f2c.h as extern).

       -ec    Place  uninitialized  COMMON blocks in separate files: COMMON /ABC/ appears in file
              abc_com.c.  Option `-e1c' bundles the separate files into  the  output  file,  with
              comments that give an unbundling sed(1) script.

       -ext   Complain about f77(1) extensions.

       -f     Assume  free-format  input: accept text after column 72 and do not pad fixed-format
              lines shorter than 72 characters with blanks.

       -72    Treat text appearing after column 72 as an error.

       -g     Include original Fortran line numbers in #line lines.

       -h     Emulate Fortran 66's treatment of Hollerith: try to align character strings on word
              (or, if the option is `-hd', on double-word) boundaries.

       -i2    Similar  to  -I2, but assume a modified libF77 and libI77 (compiled with -Df2c_i2),
              so INTEGER and LOGICAL variables may be assigned by INQUIRE and array  lengths  are
              stored in short ints.

       -i90   Do  not  recognize  the  Fortran 90 bit-manipulation intrinsics btest, iand, ibclr,
              ibits, ibset, ieor, ior, ishft, and ishftc.

       -kr    Use temporary values to enforce Fortran  expression  evaluation  where  K&R  (first
              edition)  parenthesization rules allow rearrangement.  If the option is `-krd', use
              double precision temporaries even for single-precision operands.

       -P     Write a file.P of ANSI (or C++) prototypes for definitions in each input file.f  or
              file.F.   When  reading  Fortran  from  standard  input,  write  prototypes  at the
              beginning of standard output.  Option -Ps implies -P and gives  exit  status  4  if
              rerunning f2c may change prototypes or declarations.

       -p     Supply  preprocessor  definitions  to  make  common-block  members  look like local
              variables.

       -R     Do not promote REAL functions and operations to  DOUBLE  PRECISION.   Option  `-!R'
              confirms the default, which imitates f77.

       -r     Cast  REAL arguments of intrinsic functions and values of REAL functions (including
              intrinsics) to REAL.

       -r8    Promote REAL to DOUBLE PRECISION, COMPLEX to DOUBLE COMPLEX.

       -s     Preserve multidimensional subscripts.  Suppressed by option `-C' .

       -Tdir  Put temporary files in directory dir.

       -trapuv
              Dynamically initialize local variables, except those  appearing  in  SAVE  or  DATA
              statements,  with  values that may help find references to uninitialized variables.
              For example, with IEEE arithmetic, initialize  local  floating-point  variables  to
              signaling NaNs.

       -w8    Suppress warnings when COMMON or EQUIVALENCE forces odd-word alignment of doubles.

       -Wn    Assume  n  characters/word  (default  4)  when  initializing numeric variables with
              character data.

       -z     Do not implicitly recognize DOUBLE COMPLEX.

       -!bs   Do not recognize backslash escapes (\", \', \0, \\, \b, \f,  \n,  \r,  \t,  \v)  in
              character strings.

       -!c    Inhibit C output, but produce -P output.

       i-!I   Reject include statements.

       -!i8   Disallow  INTEGER*8 , or, if the option is `-!i8const', permit INTEGER*8 but do not
              promote integer constants to INTEGER*8 when they involve more than 32 bits.

       -!it   Don't infer types  of  untyped  EXTERNAL  procedures  from  use  as  parameters  to
              previously defined or prototyped procedures.

       -!P    Do not attempt to infer ANSI or C++ prototypes from usage.

       -v, --version
              Print the version number of f2c

       The  resulting  C invokes the support routines of f77; object code should be loaded by f77
       or with ld(1) or cc(1) options -lF77 -lI77 -lm.  Calling conventions are those of f77: see
       the reference below.

FILES

       file.[fF]
              input file

       *.c    output file

       /usr/include/f2c.h
              header file

       /usr/lib/libf2c.a
              static link intrinsic and I/O library

       /usr/lib/libf2c_i2.a
              static  link  intrinsic and I/O library for use with files translated using the -i2
              f2c option

       /usr/lib/libf2c.so
              shared object intrinsic and I/O library

       /usr/lib/libf2c_i2.so
              shared object intrinsic and I/O library for use with files translated using the -i2
              f2c option

       SEE ALSO
              S.  I.  Feldman  and  P. J. Weinberger, `A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler', UNIX Time
              Sharing  System  Programmer's  Manual,  Tenth  Edition,   Volume   2,   AT&T   Bell
              Laboratories, 1990.

DIAGNOSTICS

       The diagnostics produced by f2c are intended to be self-explanatory.

BUGS

       Floating-point constant expressions are simplified in the floating-point arithmetic of the
       machine running f2c, so they are typically accurate to at most 16 or 17 decimal places.
       Untypable EXTERNAL functions are declared int.
       There is no notation for INTEGER*8 constants.
       Some intrinsic functions do not yet work with INTEGER*8 .

                                                                                           F2C(1)