NAME

       f2c - Convert Fortran 77 to C or C++

SYNOPSIS

       f2c [ option ...  ] file ...

DESCRIPTION

       F2c converts Fortran 77 source code in files with names ending in `.f' or `.F' to C (or C++) source files
       in the current directory, with `.c' substituted for the final `.f' or `.F'.   If  no  Fortran  files  are
       named,  f2c  reads Fortran from standard input and writes C on standard output.  File names that end with
       `.p' or `.P' are taken to be prototype files, as produced by option `-P', and are read first.

       The following options have the same meaning as in f77(1).

       -C     Compile code to check that subscripts are within declared array bounds.

       -I2    Render INTEGER and LOGICAL as short, INTEGER∗4 as long int.  Assume the default libF77 and libI77:
              allow  only  INTEGER∗4  (and no LOGICAL) variables in INQUIREs.  Option `-I4' confirms the default
              rendering of INTEGER as long int.

       -Idir  Look for a non-absolute include file first in the directory of the current  input  file,  then  in
              directories  specified  by  -I  options  (one  directory  per  option).   Options -I2 and -I4 have
              precedence, so, e.g., a directory named 2 should be specified by -I./2 .

       -onetrip
              Compile DO loops that are performed at least once if  reached.   (Fortran  77  DO  loops  are  not
              performed at all if the upper limit is smaller than the lower limit.)

       -U     Honor the case of variable and external names.  Fortran keywords must be in lower case.

       -u     Make the default type of a variable `undefined' rather than using the default Fortran rules.

       -w     Suppress  all  warning  messages,  or,  if  the  option  is  `-w66', just Fortran 66 compatibility
              warnings.

       The following options are peculiar to f2c.

       -A     Produce ANSI C (default, starting 20020621).  For old-style C, use option -K.

       -a     Make local variables automatic rather than static unless  they  appear  in  a  DATA,  EQUIVALENCE,
              NAMELIST, or SAVE statement.

       -C++   Output C++ code.

       -c     Include original Fortran source as comments.

       -cd    Do  not recognize cdabs, cdcos, cdexp, cdlog, cdsin, and cdsqrt as synonyms for the double complex
              intrinsics zabs, zcos, zexp, zlog, zsin, and zsqrt, respectively, nor dreal as a synonym for dble.

       -ddir  Write `.c' files in directory dir instead of the current directory.

       -E     Declare uninitialized COMMON to be Extern (overridably defined in f2c.h as extern).

       -ec    Place uninitialized COMMON blocks in separate files:  COMMON  /ABC/  appears  in  file  abc_com.c.
              Option  `-e1c'  bundles  the  separate  files  into  the  output  file, with comments that give an
              unbundling sed(1) script.

       -ext   Complain about f77(1) extensions.

       -f     Assume free-format input: accept text after column 72 and do not pad  fixed-format  lines  shorter
              than 72 characters with blanks.

       -72    Treat text appearing after column 72 as an error.

       -g     Include original Fortran line numbers in #line lines.

       -h     Emulate  Fortran  66's  treatment of Hollerith: try to align character strings on word (or, if the
              option is `-hd', on double-word) boundaries.

       -i2    Similar to -I2, but assume a modified libF77 and libI77 (compiled with -Df2c_i2), so  INTEGER  and
              LOGICAL variables may be assigned by INQUIRE and array lengths are stored in short ints.

       -i90   Do  not  recognize  the  Fortran  90 bit-manipulation intrinsics btest, iand, ibclr, ibits, ibset,
              ieor, ior, ishft, and ishftc.

       -kr    Use  temporary  values  to  enforce  Fortran  expression  evaluation  where  K&R  (first  edition)
              parenthesization  rules  allow  rearrangement.   If  the  option  is  `-krd', use double precision
              temporaries even for single-precision operands.

       -P     Write a file.P of ANSI (or C++) prototypes for definitions in each input file.f or  file.F.   When
              reading Fortran from standard input, write prototypes at the beginning of standard output.  Option
              -Ps implies -P and gives exit status 4 if rerunning f2c may change prototypes or declarations.

       -p     Supply preprocessor definitions to make common-block members look like local variables.

       -R     Do not promote REAL functions and operations to  DOUBLE  PRECISION.   Option  `-!R'  confirms  the
              default, which imitates f77.

       -r     Cast  REAL arguments of intrinsic functions and values of REAL functions (including intrinsics) to
              REAL.

       -r8    Promote REAL to DOUBLE PRECISION, COMPLEX to DOUBLE COMPLEX.

       -s     Preserve multidimensional subscripts.  Suppressed by option `-C' .

       -Tdir  Put temporary files in directory dir.

       -trapuv
              Dynamically initialize local variables, except those appearing in SAVE or  DATA  statements,  with
              values  that  may  help  find  references  to  uninitialized  variables.   For  example, with IEEE
              arithmetic, initialize local floating-point variables to signaling NaNs.

       -w8    Suppress warnings when COMMON or EQUIVALENCE forces odd-word alignment of doubles.

       -Wn    Assume n characters/word (default 4) when initializing numeric variables with character data.

       -z     Do not implicitly recognize DOUBLE COMPLEX.

       -!bs   Do not recognize backslash escapes (\", \', \0, \\, \b, \f, \n, \r, \t, \v) in character strings.

       -!c    Inhibit C output, but produce -P output.

       i-!I   Reject include statements.

       -!i8   Disallow INTEGER*8 , or, if the option is `-!i8const', permit INTEGER*8 but do not promote integer
              constants to INTEGER*8 when they involve more than 32 bits.

       -!it   Don't  infer  types of untyped EXTERNAL procedures from use as parameters to previously defined or
              prototyped procedures.

       -!P    Do not attempt to infer ANSI or C++ prototypes from usage.

       -v, --version
              Print the version number of f2c

       The resulting C invokes the support routines of f77; object code should be loaded by f77 or with ld(1) or
       cc(1) options -lF77 -lI77 -lm.  Calling conventions are those of f77: see the reference below.

FILES

       file.[fF]
              input file

       *.c    output file

       /usr/include/f2c.h
              header file

       /usr/lib/libf2c.a
              static link intrinsic and I/O library

       /usr/lib/libf2c_i2.a
              static link intrinsic and I/O library for use with files translated using the -i2 f2c option

       /usr/lib/libf2c.so
              shared object intrinsic and I/O library

       /usr/lib/libf2c_i2.so
              shared object intrinsic and I/O library for use with files translated using the -i2 f2c option

       SEE ALSO
              S.  I.  Feldman  and  P. J. Weinberger, `A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler', UNIX Time Sharing System
              Programmer's Manual, Tenth Edition, Volume 2, AT&T Bell Laboratories, 1990.

DIAGNOSTICS

       The diagnostics produced by f2c are intended to be self-explanatory.

BUGS

       Floating-point constant expressions are simplified  in  the  floating-point  arithmetic  of  the  machine
       running f2c, so they are typically accurate to at most 16 or 17 decimal places.
       Untypable EXTERNAL functions are declared int.
       There is no notation for INTEGER*8 constants.
       Some intrinsic functions do not yet work with INTEGER*8 .

                                                                                                          F2C(1)