NAME

       recoverjpeg - recover jpeg pictures from a filesystem image

SYNOPSIS

       recoverjpeg [options] device

DESCRIPTION

       Recoverjpeg  tries to identify jpeg pictures from a filesystem image.  To achieve this goal, it scans the
       filesystem image and looks for a jpeg structure at blocks starting at 512 bytes boundaries.

       Salvaged jpeg pictures are stored by default under the name imageXXXXX.jpg where XXXXX is  a  five  digit
       number starting at zero.  If there are more than 100,000 recovered pictures, recoverjpeg will start using
       six figures numbers and more as soon as needed, but the 100,000  first  ones  will  use  a  five  figures
       number.  Options -f and -i can override this behaviour.

       recoverjpeg  stores  the  recovered  pictures  into  the current directory.  If you want it to store them
       elsewhere, just go to the directory you want recoverjpeg to save the images into (using the cd command at
       the shell prompt) and start recoverjpeg from there, or use the -o option.

       Note  that  device  is not necessarily a physical device.  It may also be a file containing a copy of the
       faulty device in order to reduce the actual  processing  time  and  the  stress  imposed  to  an  already
       defective hardware.  dd(1) or ddrescue(1) may be used to create such a working copy.

OPTIONS

       -h     Display an help message.

       -b blocksize
              Set  the size of blocks in bytes.  On most file systems, setting it to 512 (the default) will work
              fine as any large file will be stored on 512 bytes boundaries.   Setting  it  to  1  maximize  the
              chances  of  finding  very small files if the filesystems aggregates them (UFS for example) at the
              expense of a much longer running time.

       -d formatstring
              Set the directory format string (printf-style, default: use the current directory).  When used,  0
              will  be  used  for  the 100 first images, 1 for the 100 next images, and so on.  The goal of this
              option is to circumvent the directory size limit imposed by some file systems.

       -f formatstring
              Set the file name format string (printf-style, default: “image%05d.jpg”).  It  is  used  with  the
              image index as an integer argument.

       -i integerindex
              Set the initial index value for image numbering (default: 0).

       -m maxsize
              Maximum  size  of  extract jpeg files.  If a file would be larger than that, it is discarded.  The
              default is 6 MiB.

       -o directory
              Change the working directory before restoring files.  Use this option  to  restore  files  into  a
              directory with enough space instead of the current directory.  This option can be repeated.

       -q     Be quiet and do not display anything.

       -r readsize
              Set  the  readsize  in  bytes.   By  default, this is 128 MiB.  Using a large readsize reduces the
              number of system calls but consumes more memory.  The readsize will automatically be  adjusted  to
              be a multiple of the system page size.  It must be greater than the maxsize parameter.

       -s cutoffsize
              Set the cutoff size in bytes.  Files smaller than that will be ignored.

       -S skipsize
              Set  the  number  of  bytes to skip at the beginning of the filesystem image.  This can be used to
              resume an interrupted session, in conjunction with -i.  The number of bytes may be rounded down to
              be a multiple of a memory page size in order to improve performances.

       -v     Be  verbose  and  describes  the  process of jpeg identification.  By default, if this flag is not
              used, recoverjpeg will print a progress bar showing how much it has analyzed already and how  many
              jpeg pictures have been recovered.

       -V     Display program version and exit.

       All  the sizes may be suffixed by a k, m, g, or t letter to indicate KiB, MiB, GiB, or TiB.  For example,
       6m correspond to 6 MiB (6291456 bytes).

EXAMPLES

       Recover as many pictures as possible from the memory card located in /dev/sdc:

              recoverjpeg /dev/sdc

       Do the same thing but ignore files smaller than one megabyte:

              recoverjpeg -s 1m /dev/sdc

       Recover as many pictures as possible from a crashed ReiserFS file  system  (which  does  not  necessarily
       store pictures at block boundaries) in /dev/sdb1:

              recoverjpeg -b 1 /dev/sdb1

       Do  the same thing in a memory constrained environment where no more than 16MB of RAM can be used for the
       operation:

              recoverjpeg -b 1 -r 16m /dev/sdb1

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright (c) 2004-2016 Samuel Tardieu <sam@rfc1149.net>.  This is free  software;  see  the  source  for
       copying  conditions.   There  is  NO  warranty;  not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
       PURPOSE.

       If recoverjpeg saves your day and you liked it, you are welcome to send me the best rescued ones by email
       (please  send  only 800x600 versions of the pictures) and authorize me to put them online (indicate which
       contact information you want me to use for credits).

SEE ALSO

       recovermov(1) sort-pictures(1) remove-duplicates(1)

KNOWN BUGS

       Recoverjpeg does not include a complete jpeg parser.  You may need to  use  sort-pictures  afterwards  to
       identify  bogus pictures.  Some pictures may be corrupted but have a correct structure; in this case, the
       image may be garbled.  There is no automated way to detect those pictures with a 100% success rate.

AUTHORS

       Samuel Tardieu <sam@rfc1149.net>.