Provided by: wireshark-common_3.6.2-2_amd64 
NAME
text2pcap - Generate a capture file from an ASCII hexdump of packets
SYNOPSIS
text2pcap [ -a ] [ -d ] [ -D ] [ -e <l3pid> ] [ -h ] [ -i <proto> ] [ -l <typenum> ]
[ -n ] [ -N <intf-name> ] [ -m <max-packet> ] [ -o hex|oct|dec ] [ -q ]
[ -s <srcport>,<destport>,<tag> ] [ -S <srcport>,<destport>,<ppi> ] [ -t <timefmt> ]
[ -T <srcport>,<destport> ] [ -u <srcport>,<destport> ] [ -v ] [ -4 <srcip>,<destip> ]
[ -6 <srcip>,<destip> ] <infile>|- <outfile>|-
DESCRIPTION
Text2pcap is a program that reads in an ASCII hex dump and writes the data described into
a pcap or pcapng capture file. text2pcap can read hexdumps with multiple packets in them,
and build a capture file of multiple packets. text2pcap is also capable of generating
dummy Ethernet, IP and UDP, TCP, or SCTP headers, in order to build fully processable
packet dumps from hexdumps of application-level data only.
Text2pcap understands a hexdump of the form generated by od -Ax -tx1 -v. In other words,
each byte is individually displayed, with spaces separating the bytes from each other.
Each line begins with an offset describing the position in the packet, each new packet
starts with an offset of 0 and there is a space separating the offset from the following
bytes. The offset is a hex number (can also be octal or decimal - see -o), of more than
two hex digits.
Here is a sample dump that text2pcap can recognize:
000000 00 0e b6 00 00 02 00 0e b6 00 00 01 08 00 45 00
000010 00 28 00 00 00 00 ff 01 37 d1 c0 00 02 01 c0 00
000020 02 02 08 00 a6 2f 00 01 00 01 48 65 6c 6c 6f 20
000030 57 6f 72 6c 64 21
000036
Note the last byte must either be followed by the expected next offset value as in the
example above or a space or a line-end character(s).
There is no limit on the width or number of bytes per line. Also the text dump at the end
of the line is ignored. Bytes/hex numbers can be uppercase or lowercase. Any text before
the offset is ignored, including email forwarding characters '>'. Any lines of text
between the bytestring lines is ignored. The offsets are used to track the bytes, so
offsets must be correct. Any line which has only bytes without a leading offset is
ignored. An offset is recognized as being a hex number longer than two characters. Any
text after the bytes is ignored (e.g. the character dump). Any hex numbers in this text
are also ignored. An offset of zero is indicative of starting a new packet, so a single
text file with a series of hexdumps can be converted into a packet capture with multiple
packets. Packets may be preceded by a timestamp. These are interpreted according to the
format given on the command line (see -t). If not, the first packet is timestamped with
the current time the conversion takes place. Multiple packets are written with timestamps
differing by one microsecond each. In general, short of these restrictions, text2pcap is
pretty liberal about reading in hexdumps and has been tested with a variety of mangled
outputs (including being forwarded through email multiple times, with limited line wrap
etc.)
There are a couple of other special features to note. Any line where the first
non-whitespace character is '#' will be ignored as a comment. Any line beginning with
#TEXT2PCAP is a directive and options can be inserted after this command to be processed
by text2pcap. Currently there are no directives implemented; in the future, these may be
used to give more fine grained control on the dump and the way it should be processed e.g.
timestamps, encapsulation type etc.
Text2pcap also allows the user to read in dumps of application-level data, by inserting
dummy L2, L3 and L4 headers before each packet. The user can elect to insert Ethernet
headers, Ethernet and IP, or Ethernet, IP and UDP/TCP/SCTP headers before each packet.
This allows Wireshark or any other full-packet decoder to handle these dumps.
OPTIONS
-a
Enables ASCII text dump identification. It allows one to identify the start of the
ASCII text dump and not include it in the packet even if it looks like HEX.
NOTE: Do not enable it if the input file does not contain the ASCII text dump.
-d
Displays debugging information during the process. Can be used multiple times to
generate more debugging information.
-D
The text before the packet starts either with an I or O indicating that the packet is
inbound or outbound. This is used when generating dummy headers. The indication is
only stored if the output format is pcapng.
-e <l3pid>
Include a dummy Ethernet header before each packet. Specify the L3PID for the Ethernet
header in hex. Use this option if your dump has Layer 3 header and payload (e.g. IP
header), but no Layer 2 encapsulation. Example: -e 0x806 to specify an ARP packet.
For IP packets, instead of generating a fake Ethernet header you can also use -l 101
to indicate a raw IP packet to Wireshark. Note that -l 101 does not work for any
non-IP Layer 3 packet (e.g. ARP), whereas generating a dummy Ethernet header with -e
works for any sort of L3 packet.
-h
Displays a help message.
-i <proto>
Include dummy IP headers before each packet. Specify the IP protocol for the packet in
decimal. Use this option if your dump is the payload of an IP packet (i.e. has
complete L4 information) but does not have an IP header with each packet. Note that an
appropriate Ethernet header is automatically included with each packet as well.
Example: -i 46 to specify an RSVP packet (IP protocol 46). See
https://www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbers/protocol-numbers.xhtml for the
complete list of assigned internet protocol numbers.
-l
Specify the link-layer header type of this packet. Default is Ethernet (1). See
https://www.tcpdump.org/linktypes.html for the complete list of possible
encapsulations. Note that this option should be used if your dump is a complete hex
dump of an encapsulated packet and you wish to specify the exact type of
encapsulation. Example: -l 7 for ARCNet packets encapsulated BSD-style.
-m <max-packet>
Set the maximum packet length, default is 262144. Useful for testing various packet
boundaries when only an application level datastream is available. Example:
od -Ax -tx1 -v stream | text2pcap -m1460 -T1234,1234 - stream.pcap
will convert from plain datastream format to a sequence of Ethernet TCP packets.
-n
Write the file in pcapng format rather than pcap format.
-N <intf-name>
Specify a name for the interface included when writing a pcapng format file. By
default no name is defined.
-o hex|oct|dec
Specify the radix for the offsets (hex, octal or decimal). Defaults to hex. This
corresponds to the -A option for od.
-q
Be completely quiet during the process.
-s <srcport>,<destport>,<tag>
Include dummy SCTP headers before each packet. Specify, in decimal, the source and
destination SCTP ports, and verification tag, for the packet. Use this option if your
dump is the SCTP payload of a packet but does not include any SCTP, IP or Ethernet
headers. Note that appropriate Ethernet and IP headers are automatically also included
with each packet. A CRC32C checksum will be put into the SCTP header.
-S <srcport>,<destport>,<ppi>
Include dummy SCTP headers before each packet. Specify, in decimal, the source and
destination SCTP ports, and a verification tag of 0, for the packet, and prepend a
dummy SCTP DATA chunk header with a payload protocol identifier if ppi. Use this
option if your dump is the SCTP payload of a packet but does not include any SCTP, IP
or Ethernet headers. Note that appropriate Ethernet and IP headers are automatically
included with each packet. A CRC32C checksum will be put into the SCTP header.
-t <timefmt>
Treats the text before the packet as a date/time code; timefmt is a format string of
the sort supported by strptime(3). Example: The time "10:15:14.5476" has the format
code "%H:%M:%S."
NOTE: The subsecond component delimiter must be specified (.) but no pattern is
required; the remaining number is assumed to be fractions of a second.
NOTE: Date/time fields from the current date/time are used as the default for
unspecified fields.
-T <srcport>,<destport>
Include dummy TCP headers before each packet. Specify the source and destination TCP
ports for the packet in decimal. Use this option if your dump is the TCP payload of a
packet but does not include any TCP, IP or Ethernet headers. Note that appropriate
Ethernet and IP headers are automatically also included with each packet. Sequence
numbers will start at 0.
-u <srcport>,<destport>
Include dummy UDP headers before each packet. Specify the source and destination UDP
ports for the packet in decimal. Use this option if your dump is the UDP payload of a
packet but does not include any UDP, IP or Ethernet headers. Note that appropriate
Ethernet and IP headers are automatically also included with each packet. Example:
-u1000,69 to make the packets look like TFTP/UDP packets.
-v
Print the version and exit.
-4 <srcip>,<destip>
Prepend dummy IP header with specified IPv4 dest and source address. This option
should be accompanied by one of the following options: -i, -s, -S, -T, -u Use this
option to apply "custom" IP addresses. Example: -4 10.0.0.1,10.0.0.2 to use 10.0.0.1
and 10.0.0.2 for all IP packets.
-6 <srcip>,<destip>
Prepend dummy IP header with specified IPv6 dest and source address. This option
should be accompanied by one of the following options: -i, -s, -S, -T, -u Use this
option to apply "custom" IP addresses. Example: -6
fe80::202:b3ff:fe1e:8329,2001:0db8:85a3::8a2e:0370:7334 to use
fe80::202:b3ff:fe1e:8329 and 2001:0db8:85a3::8a2e:0370:7334 for all IP packets.
SEE ALSO
od(1), pcap(3), wireshark(1), tshark(1), dumpcap(1), mergecap(1), editcap(1), strptime(3),
pcap-filter(7) or tcpdump(8)
NOTES
This is the manual page for Text2pcap 3.6.2. Text2pcap is part of the Wireshark
distribution. The latest version of Wireshark can be found at https://www.wireshark.org.
AUTHORS
Original Author
Ashok Narayanan <ashokn[AT]cisco.com>
2022-03-04 TEXT2PCAP(1)