Provided by: slapd_2.5.18+dfsg-0ubuntu0.22.04.2_amd64 
NAME
slapd - Stand-alone LDAP Daemon
SYNOPSIS
/usr/sbin/slapd [-V[V[V]] [-4|-6] [-T {acl|a[dd]|auth|c[at]|
d[n]|i[ndex]|m[odify]|p[asswd]|s[chema]|t[est]}] [-d debug-level] [-f slapd-config-file]
[-F slapd-config-directory] [-h URLs] [-n service-name] [-s syslog-level] [-l syslog-
local-user] [-o option[=value]] [-r directory] [-u user] [-g group] [-c cookie]
DESCRIPTION
Slapd is the stand-alone LDAP daemon. It listens for LDAP connections on any number of
ports (default 389), responding to the LDAP operations it receives over these connections.
slapd is typically invoked at boot time, usually out of /etc/rc.local. Upon startup,
slapd normally forks and disassociates itself from the invoking tty. If configured in the
config file (or config directory), the slapd process will print its process ID (see
getpid(2)) to a .pid file, as well as the command line options during invocation to an
.args file (see slapd.conf(5)). If the -d flag is given, even with a zero argument, slapd
will not fork and disassociate from the invoking tty.
See the "OpenLDAP Administrator's Guide" for more details on slapd.
OPTIONS
-V[V[V]]
Print version info and proceed with startup. If -VV is given, exit after providing
version info. If -VVV is given, additionally provide information on static overlays
and backends.
-4 Listen on IPv4 addresses only.
-6 Listen on IPv6 addresses only.
-T tool
Run in Tool mode. The tool argument selects whether to run as slapadd, slapcat,
slapdn, slapindex, slapmodify, slappasswd, slapschema, or slaptest (slapacl and
slapauth need the entire acl and auth option value to be spelled out, as a is
reserved to slapadd). This option should be the first option specified when it is
used; any remaining options will be interpreted by the corresponding slap tool
program, according to the respective man pages. Note that these tool programs will
usually be symbolic links to slapd. This option is provided for situations where
symbolic links are not provided or not usable.
-d debug-level
Turn on debugging as defined by debug-level. If this option is specified, even
with a zero argument, slapd will not fork or disassociate from the invoking
terminal. Some general operation and status messages are printed for any value of
debug-level. debug-level is taken as a bit string, with each bit corresponding to
a different kind of debugging information. Comma-separated arrays of friendly
names can be specified to select debugging output of the corresponding debugging
information. All the names recognized by the loglevel directive described in
slapd.conf(5) are supported. If debug-level is ?, a list of installed debug-levels
is printed, and slapd exits.
Remember that if you turn on packet logging, packets containing bind passwords will
be output, so if you redirect the log to a logfile, that file should be read-
protected.
-s syslog-level
This option tells slapd at what debug-level debugging statements should be logged
to the syslog(8) facility. The value syslog-level can be set to any value or
combination allowed by the -d switch. Slapd logs all messages selected by syslog-
level at the syslog(3) severity debug-level DEBUG, on the unit specified with -l.
-n service-name
Specifies the service name for logging and other purposes. Defaults to basename of
argv[0], i.e.: "slapd".
-l syslog-local-user
Selects the local user of the syslog(8) facility. Value can be LOCAL0, through
LOCAL7, as well as USER and DAEMON. The default is LOCAL4. However, this option
is only permitted on systems that support local users with the syslog(8) facility.
Logging to syslog(8) occurs at the "DEBUG" severity debug-level.
-f slapd-config-file
Specifies the slapd configuration file. The default is /etc/ldap/slapd.conf.
-F slapd-config-directory
Specifies the slapd configuration directory. The default is /etc/ldap/slapd.d. If
both -f and -F are specified, the config file will be read and converted to config
directory format and written to the specified directory. If neither option is
specified, slapd will attempt to read the default config directory before trying to
use the default config file. If a valid config directory exists then the default
config file is ignored. All of the slap tools that use the config options observe
this same behavior.
-h URLlist
slapd will by default serve ldap:/// (LDAP over TCP on all interfaces on default
LDAP port). That is, it will bind using INADDR_ANY and port 389. The -h option
may be used to specify LDAP (and other scheme) URLs to serve. For example, if
slapd is given -h "ldap://127.0.0.1:9009/ ldaps:/// ldapi:///", it will listen on
127.0.0.1:9009 for LDAP, 0.0.0.0:636 for LDAP over TLS, and LDAP over IPC (Unix
domain sockets). Host 0.0.0.0 represents INADDR_ANY (any interface). A space
separated list of URLs is expected. The URLs should be of the LDAP, PLDAP, LDAPS,
PLDAPS, or LDAPI schemes, and generally without a DN or other optional parameters
(excepting as discussed below). Support for the latter three schemes depends on
selected configuration options. Hosts may be specified by name or IPv4 and IPv6
address formats. Ports, if specified, must be numeric. The default ldap:// port
is 389 and the default ldaps:// port is 636, same for the proxy enabled variants.
The PLDAP and PLDAPS URL schemes provide support for the HAProxy proxy protocol
version 2, which allows a load balancer or proxy server to provide the remote
client IP address to slapd to be used for access control or logging. Ports
configured for PLDAP or PLDAPS will only accept connections that include the
necessary proxy protocol header. Connections to these ports should be restricted at
the network level to only trusted load balancers or proxies to avoid spoofing of
client IP addresses by third parties.
For LDAP over IPC, name is the name of the socket, and no port is required, nor
allowed; note that directory separators must be URL-encoded, like any other
characters that are special to URLs; so the socket
/usr/local/var/ldapi
must be specified as
ldapi://%2Fusr%2Flocal%2Fvar%2Fldapi
The default location for the IPC socket is /var/run/ldapi
The listener permissions are indicated by "x-mod=-rwxrwxrwx", "x-mod=0777" or
"x-mod=777", where any of the "rwx" can be "-" to suppress the related permission,
while any of the "7" can be any legal octal digit, according to chmod(1). The
listeners can take advantage of the "x-mod" extension to apply rough limitations to
operations, e.g. allow read operations ("r", which applies to search and compare),
write operations ("w", which applies to add, delete, modify and modrdn), and
execute operations ("x", which means bind is required). "User" permissions apply
to authenticated users, while "other" apply to anonymous users; "group" permissions
are ignored. For example, "ldap:///????x-mod=-rw-------" means that read and write
is only allowed for authenticated connections, and bind is required for all
operations. This feature is experimental, and requires to be manually enabled at
configure time.
-r directory
Specifies a directory to become the root directory. slapd will change the current
working directory to this directory and then chroot(2) to this directory. This is
done after opening listeners but before reading any configuration file or
initializing any backend. When used as a security mechanism, it should be used in
conjunction with -u and -g options.
-u user
slapd will run slapd with the specified user name or id, and that user's
supplementary group access list as set with initgroups(3). The group ID is also
changed to this user's gid, unless the -g option is used to override. Note when
used with -r, slapd will use the user database in the change root environment.
Note that on some systems, running as a non-privileged user will prevent passwd
back-ends from accessing the encrypted passwords. Note also that any shell back-
ends will run as the specified non-privileged user.
-g group
slapd will run with the specified group name or id. Note when used with -r, slapd
will use the group database in the change root environment.
-c cookie
This option provides a cookie for the syncrepl replication consumer. The cookie is
a comma separated list of name=value pairs. Currently supported syncrepl cookie
fields are rid, sid, and csn. rid identifies a replication thread within the
consumer server and is used to find the syncrepl specification in slapd.conf(5) or
slapd-config(5) having the matching replication identifier in its definition. The
rid must be provided in order for any other specified values to be used. sid is
the server id in a multi-provider configuration. csn is the commit sequence number
received by a previous synchronization and represents the state of the consumer
content which the syncrepl engine will synchronize to the current provider content.
In case of multi-provider replication agreement, multiple csn values, semicolon
separated, can appear. Use only the rid part to force a full reload.
-o option[=value]
This option provides a generic means to specify options without the need to reserve
a separate letter for them.
It supports the following options:
slp={on|off|slp-attrs}
When SLP support is compiled into slapd, disable it (off),
enable it by registering at SLP DAs without specific SLP attributes (on),
or with specific SLP attributes slp-attrs that must be an SLP attribute list
definition according to the SLP standard.
For example, "slp=(tree=production),(server-
type=OpenLDAP),(server-version=2.4.15)" registers at SLP DAs with the three
SLP attributes tree, server-type and server-version that have the values
given above. This allows one to specifically query the SLP DAs for LDAP
servers holding the production tree in case multiple trees are available.
EXAMPLES
To start slapd and have it fork and detach from the terminal and start serving the LDAP
databases defined in the default config file, just type:
/usr/sbin/slapd
To start slapd with an alternate configuration file, and turn on voluminous debugging
which will be printed on standard error, type:
/usr/sbin/slapd -f /var/tmp/slapd.conf -d 255
To test whether the configuration file is correct or not, type:
/usr/sbin/slapd -Tt
SEE ALSO
ldap(3), slapd.conf(5), slapd-config(5), slapd.access(5), slapacl(8), slapadd(8),
slapauth(8), slapcat(8), slapdn(8), slapindex(8), slapmodify(8), slappasswd(8),
slapschema(8), slaptest(8).
"OpenLDAP Administrator's Guide" (http://www.OpenLDAP.org/doc/admin/)
BUGS
See http://www.openldap.org/its/
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
OpenLDAP Software is developed and maintained by The OpenLDAP Project
<http://www.openldap.org/>. OpenLDAP Software is derived from the University of Michigan
LDAP 3.3 Release.