NOM

       useradd - créer un nouvel utilisateur ou modifier les informations par défaut appliquées
       aux nouveaux utilisateurs

SYNOPSIS

       useradd [options] LOGIN

       useradd -D

       useradd -D [options]

DESCRIPTION

       useradd is a low level utility for adding users. On Debian, administrators should usually
       use adduser(8) instead.

       When invoked without the -D option, the useradd command creates a new user account using
       the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system.
       Depending on command line options, the useradd command will update system files and may
       also create the new user's home directory and copy initial files.

       By default, a group will also be created for the new user (see -g, -N, -U, and
       USERGROUPS_ENAB).

OPTIONS

       The options which apply to the useradd command are:

       --badname
           Allow names that do not conform to standards.

       -b, --base-dir BASE_DIR
           The default base directory for the system if -d HOME_DIR is not specified. BASE_DIR is
           concatenated with the account name to define the home directory. If the -m option is
           not used, BASE_DIR must exist.

           If this option is not specified, useradd will use the base directory specified by the
           HOME variable in /etc/default/useradd, or /home by default.

       -c, --comment COMMENT
           Toute chaîne de texte. C'est généralement une description courte du compte, elle est
           actuellement utilisée comme champ pour le nom complet de l'utilisateur.

       -d, --home-dir HOME_DIR
           The new user will be created using HOME_DIR as the value for the user's login
           directory. The default is to append the LOGIN name to BASE_DIR and use that as the
           login directory name. The directory HOME_DIR does not have to exist but will not be
           created if it is missing.

       -D, --defaults
           Consultez ci-dessous la sous-section « Modifier les valeurs par défaut ».

       -e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE
           The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified in the
           format YYYY-MM-DD.

           If not specified, useradd will use the default expiry date specified by the EXPIRE
           variable in /etc/default/useradd, or an empty string (no expiry) by default.

       -f, --inactive INACTIVE
           Nombre de jours suivant la fin de validité d'un mot de passe après lequel le compte
           est définitivement désactivé. Une valeur de 0 désactive le compte dès que le mot de
           passe a dépassé sa fin de validité, et une valeur de -1 désactive cette
           fonctionnalité.

           If not specified, useradd will use the default inactivity period specified by the
           INACTIVE variable in /etc/default/useradd, or -1 by default.

       -g, --gid GROUP
           Nom du groupe ou identifiant numérique du groupe de connexion initial de
           l'utilisateur. Le nom du groupe doit exister. Un numéro de groupe doit se référer à un
           groupe déjà existant.

           If not specified, the behavior of useradd will depend on the USERGROUPS_ENAB variable
           in /etc/login.defs. If this variable is set to yes (or -U/--user-group is specified on
           the command line), a group will be created for the user, with the same name as her
           loginname. If the variable is set to no (or -N/--no-user-group is specified on the
           command line), useradd will set the primary group of the new user to the value
           specified by the GROUP variable in /etc/default/useradd, or 100 by default.

       -G, --groups GROUP1[,GROUP2,...[,GROUPN]]]
           A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each group is
           separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. The groups are
           subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the -g option. The default is
           for the user to belong only to the initial group.

       -h, --help
           Afficher un message d'aide et quitter.

       -k, --skel SKEL_DIR
           The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in the
           user's home directory, when the home directory is created by useradd.

           This option is only valid if the -m (or --create-home) option is specified.

           If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the SKEL variable in
           /etc/default/useradd or, by default, /etc/skel.

           Si possible, les ACL et les attributs étendus seront copiés.

       -K, --key KEY=VALUE
           Overrides /etc/login.defs defaults (UID_MIN, UID_MAX, UMASK, PASS_MAX_DAYS and
           others).

           Example: -K PASS_MAX_DAYS=-1 can be used when creating system account to turn off
           password aging, even though system account has no password at all. Multiple -K options
           can be specified, e.g.: -K UID_MIN=100  -K UID_MAX=499

       -l, --no-log-init
           N'ajoute pas l'utilisateur aux bases de données lastlog et faillog.

           Par défaut, les entrées de l'utilisateur dans les bases de données lastlog et faillog
           sont remises à zéro pour éviter de réutiliser les entrées d'un utilisateur
           précédemment supprimé.

           For the compatibility with previous Debian's useradd, the -O option is also supported.

       -m, --create-home
           Create the user's home directory if it does not exist. The files and directories
           contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with the -k option) will be
           copied to the home directory.

           By default, if this option is not specified and CREATE_HOME is not enabled, no home
           directories are created.

       -M, --no-create-home
           Do no create the user's home directory, even if the system wide setting from
           /etc/login.defs (CREATE_HOME) is set to yes.

       -N, --no-user-group
           Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to the group
           specified by the -g option or by the GROUP variable in /etc/default/useradd.

           The default behavior (if the -g, -N, and -U options are not specified) is defined by
           the USERGROUPS_ENAB variable in /etc/login.defs.

       -o, --non-unique
           Permet de créer un compte d'utilisateur avec un identifiant (« UID ») dupliqué (non
           unique).

           This option is only valid in combination with the -u option.

       -p, --password PASSWORD
           The encrypted password, as returned by crypt(3). The default is to disable the
           password.

           Note: This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will
           be visible by users listing the processes.

           Il est nécessaire de vérifier si le mot de passe respecte la politique de mots de
           passe du système.

       -r, --system
           Créer un compte système.

           System users will be created with no aging information in /etc/shadow, and their
           numeric identifiers are chosen in the SYS_UID_MIN-SYS_UID_MAX range, defined in
           /etc/login.defs, instead of UID_MIN-UID_MAX (and their GID counterparts for the
           creation of groups).

           Note that useradd will not create a home directory for such a user, regardless of the
           default setting in /etc/login.defs (CREATE_HOME). You have to specify the -m options
           if you want a home directory for a system account to be created.

       -R, --root CHROOT_DIR
           Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR directory and use the configuration files from the
           CHROOT_DIR directory.

       -P, --prefix PREFIX_DIR
           Apply changes in the PREFIX_DIR directory and use the configuration files from the
           PREFIX_DIR directory. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a
           cross-compilation target. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not
           verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support.

       -s, --shell SHELL
           The name of the user's login shell. The default is to leave this field blank, which
           causes the system to select the default login shell specified by the SHELL variable in
           /etc/default/useradd, or an empty string by default.

       -u, --uid UID
           The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the -o option
           is used. The value must be non-negative. The default is to use the smallest ID value
           greater than or equal to UID_MIN and greater than every other user.

           See also the -r option and the UID_MAX description.

       -U, --user-group
           Crée un groupe avec le même nom que celui de l'utilisateur, et ajoute l'utilisateur à
           ce groupe.

           The default behavior (if the -g, -N, and -U options are not specified) is defined by
           the USERGROUPS_ENAB variable in /etc/login.defs.

       -Z, --selinux-user SEUSER
           L'utilisateur SELinux utilisé pour la connexion de l'utilisateur. Le comportement par
           défaut est de laisser ce champ vide. Le système sélectionnera alors l'utilisateur
           SELinux par défaut.

   Modifier les valeurs par défaut
       When invoked with only the -D option, useradd will display the current default values.
       When invoked with -D plus other options, useradd will update the default values for the
       specified options. Valid default-changing options are:

       -b, --base-dir BASE_DIR
           The path prefix for a new user's home directory. The user's name will be affixed to
           the end of BASE_DIR to form the new user's home directory name, if the -d option is
           not used when creating a new account.

           This option sets the HOME variable in /etc/default/useradd.

       -e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE
           Date à laquelle le compte utilisateur sera désactivé.

           This option sets the EXPIRE variable in /etc/default/useradd.

       -f, --inactive INACTIVE
           Nombre de jours après la fin de validité d'un mot de passe avant que le compte ne soit
           désactivé.

           This option sets the INACTIVE variable in /etc/default/useradd.

       -g, --gid GROUP
           The group name or ID for a new user's initial group (when the -N/--no-user-group is
           used or when the USERGROUPS_ENAB variable is set to no in /etc/login.defs). The named
           group must exist, and a numerical group ID must have an existing entry.

           This option sets the GROUP variable in /etc/default/useradd.

       -s, --shell SHELL
           Le nom de l'interpréteur de commandes du nouvel utilisateur.

           This option sets the SHELL variable in /etc/default/useradd.

NOTES

       The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files in the
       /etc/skel/ directory (or any other skeleton directory specified in /etc/default/useradd or
       on the command line).

AVERTISSEMENTS

       Vous ne pouvez pas ajouter d'utilisateur à un groupe NIS ou LDAP. Cela doit être effectué
       sur le serveur correspondant.

       Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such as NIS or
       LDAP, useradd will deny the user account creation request.

       It is usually recommended to only use usernames that begin with a lower case letter or an
       underscore, followed by lower case letters, digits, underscores, or dashes. They can end
       with a dollar sign. In regular expression terms: [a-z_][a-z0-9_-]*[$]?

       On Debian, the only constraints are that usernames must neither start with a dash ('-')
       nor plus ('+') nor tilde ('~') nor contain a colon (':'), a comma (','), or a whitespace
       (space: ' ', end of line: '\n', tabulation: '\t', etc.). Note that using a slash ('/') may
       break the default algorithm for the definition of the user's home directory.

       On Ubuntu, the same constraints as Debian are in place, with the additional constraint
       that the username cannot be fully numeric. This includes octal and hexadecimal syntax.

       Les noms d'utilisateur sont limités à 16 caractères.

CONFIGURATION

       The following configuration variables in /etc/login.defs change the behavior of this tool:

FICHIERS

       /etc/passwd
           Informations sur les comptes des utilisateurs.

       /etc/shadow
           Informations sécurisées sur les comptes utilisateurs.

       /etc/group
           Informations sur les groupes.

       /etc/gshadow
           Informations sécurisées sur les groupes.

       /etc/default/useradd
           Valeurs par défaut pour la création de comptes.

       /etc/skel/
           Répertoire contenant les fichiers par défaut.

       /etc/subgid
           IDs des groupes subalternes d'un utilisateur.

       /etc/subuid
           IDs de utilisateurs subalternes d'un utilisateur.

       /etc/login.defs
           Configuration de la suite des mots de passe cachés « shadow password ».

VALEURS DE RETOUR

       The useradd command exits with the following values:

       0
           success

       1
           can't update password file

       2
           invalid command syntax

       3
           invalid argument to option

       4
           UID already in use (and no -o)

       6
           specified group doesn't exist

       9
           username already in use

       10
           can't update group file

       12
           can't create home directory

       14
           can't update SELinux user mapping

VOIR AUSSI

       chfn(1), chsh(1), passwd(1), crypt(3), groupadd(8), groupdel(8), groupmod(8),
       login.defs(5), newusers(8), subgid(5), subuid(5), userdel(8), usermod(8).