NAME

       CartConvert -- convert geodetic coordinates to geocentric or local cartesian

SYNOPSIS

       CartConvert [ -r ] [ -l lat0 lon0 h0 ] [ -e a f ] [ -w ] [ -p prec ] [ --comment-delimiter
       commentdelim ] [ --version | -h | --help ] [ --input-file infile | --input-string instring
       ] [ --line-separator linesep ] [ --output-file outfile ]

DESCRIPTION

       Convert geodetic coordinates to either geocentric or local cartesian coordinates.
       Geocentric coordinates have the origin at the center of the earth, with the z axis going
       thru the north pole, and the x axis thru latitude = 0, longitude = 0.  By default, the
       conversion is to geocentric coordinates.  Specifying -l lat0 lon0 h0 causes a local
       coordinate system to be used with the origin at latitude = lat0, longitude = lon0, height
       = h0, z normal to the ellipsoid and y due north.

       Geodetic coordinates are provided on standard input as a set of lines containing (blank
       separated) latitude, longitude (decimal degrees or degrees, minutes and seconds), and
       height above the ellipsoid (meters); for details on the allowed formats for latitude and
       longitude, see the "GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES" section of GeoConvert(1).  For each set of
       geodetic coordinates, the corresponding cartesian coordinates x, y, z (meters) are printed
       on standard output.

OPTIONS

       -r  perform the reverse projection.  x, y, z are given on standard input and each line of
           standard output gives latitude, longitude, height.  In general there are multiple
           solutions and the result which minimizes the absolute value of height is returned,
           i.e., (latitude, longitude) corresponds to the closest point on the ellipsoid.

       -l lat0 lon0 h0
           specifies conversions to and from a local cartesion coordinate systems with origin
           lat0 lon0 h0, instead of a geocentric coordinate system.  The -w flag can be used to
           swap the default order of the 2 geographic coordinates, provided that it appears
           before -l.

       -e a f
           specify the ellipsoid via the equatorial radius, a and the flattening, f.  Setting f =
           0 results in a sphere.  Specify f < 0 for a prolate ellipsoid.  A simple fraction,
           e.g., 1/297, is allowed for f.  By default, the WGS84 ellipsoid is used, a = 6378137
           m, f = 1/298.257223563.

       -w  toggle the longitude first flag (it starts off); if the flag is on, then on input and
           output, longitude precedes latitude (except that, on input, this can be overridden by
           a hemisphere designator, N, S, E, W).

       -p prec
           set the output precision to prec (default 6).  prec is the number of digits after the
           decimal point for geocentric and local cartesion coordinates and for the height (in
           meters).  For latitudes and longitudes (in degrees), the number of digits after the
           decimal point is prec + 5.

       --comment-delimiter commentdelim
           set the comment delimiter to commentdelim (e.g., "#" or "//").  If set, the input
           lines will be scanned for this delimiter and, if found, the delimiter and the rest of
           the line will be removed prior to processing and subsequently appended to the output
           line (separated by a space).

       --version
           print version and exit.

       -h  print usage and exit.

       --help
           print full documentation and exit.

       --input-file infile
           read input from the file infile instead of from standard input; a file name of "-"
           stands for standard input.

       --input-string instring
           read input from the string instring instead of from standard input.  All occurrences
           of the line separator character (default is a semicolon) in instring are converted to
           newlines before the reading begins.

       --line-separator linesep
           set the line separator character to linesep.  By default this is a semicolon.

       --output-file outfile
           write output to the file outfile instead of to standard output; a file name of "-"
           stands for standard output.

EXAMPLES

          echo 33.3 44.4 6000 | CartConvert
          => 3816209.60 3737108.55 3485109.57
          echo 33.3 44.4 6000 | CartConvert -l 33 44 20
          => 37288.97 33374.29 5783.64
          echo 30000 30000 0 | CartConvert -r
          => 6.483 45 -6335709.73

ERRORS

       An illegal line of input will print an error message to standard output beginning with
       "ERROR:" and causes CartConvert to return an exit code of 1.  However, an error does not
       cause CartConvert to terminate; following lines will be converted.

SEE ALSO

       The algorithm for converting geocentric to geodetic coordinates is given in Appendix B of
       C. F. F. Karney, Geodesics on an ellipsoid of revolution, Feb. 2011; preprint
       <https://arxiv.org/abs/1102.1215>.

AUTHOR

       CartConvert was written by Charles Karney.

HISTORY

       CartConvert was added to GeographicLib, <https://geographiclib.sourceforge.io>, in
       2009-02.  Prior to 2009-03 it was called ECEFConvert.