Provided by: pylint_2.7.2-3ubuntu1_all 
NAME
pylint - python code static checker
SYNOPSIS
pylint [ OPTIONS ] [ <arguments> ]
DESCRIPTION
pylint is a Python source code analyzer which looks for programming errors, helps
enforcing a coding standard and sniffs for some code smells (as defined in Martin Fowler's
Refactoring book)
Pylint can be seen as another PyChecker since nearly all tests you can do with PyChecker
can also be done with Pylint. However, Pylint offers some more features, like checking
length of lines of code, checking if variable names are well-formed according to your
coding standard, or checking if declared interfaces are truly implemented, and much more.
Additionally, it is possible to write plugins to add your own checks.
Pylint is shipped with "pyreverse" (UML diagram generator) and "symilar" (an independent
similarities checker).
OPTIONS
--version
show program's version number and exit
--help, -h
show this help message and exit
--long-help
more verbose help.
MASTER
--init-hook=<code>
Python code to execute, usually for sys.path manipulation such as pygtk.require().
--errors-only, -E
In error mode, checkers without error messages are disabled and for others, only
the ERROR messages are displayed, and no reports are done by default.
--py3k In Python 3 porting mode, all checkers will be disabled and only messages emitted
by the porting checker will be displayed.
--verbose, -v
In verbose mode, extra non-checker-related info will be displayed.
--ignore=<file>[,<file>...]
Add files or directories to the blacklist. They should be base names, not paths.
[default: CVS]
--ignore-patterns=<pattern>[,<pattern>...]
Add files or directories matching the regex patterns to the blacklist. The regex
matches against base names, not paths. [default: none]
--persistent=<y_or_n>
Pickle collected data for later comparisons. [default: yes]
--load-plugins=<modules>
List of plugins (as comma separated values of python module names) to load, usually
to register additional checkers. [default: none]
--fail-under=<score>
Specify a score threshold to be exceeded before program exits with error. [default:
10]
--jobs=<n-processes>, -j <n-processes>
Use multiple processes to speed up Pylint. Specifying 0 will auto-detect the number
of processors available to use. [default: 1]
--limit-inference-results=<number-of-results>
Control the amount of potential inferred values when inferring a single object.
This can help the performance when dealing with large functions or complex, nested
conditions. [default: 100]
--extension-pkg-whitelist=<pkg[,pkg]>
A comma-separated list of package or module names from where C extensions may be
loaded. Extensions are loading into the active Python interpreter and may run
arbitrary code. [default: none]
--suggestion-mode=<yn>
When enabled, pylint would attempt to guess common misconfiguration and emit user-
friendly hints instead of false-positive error messages. [default: yes]
--exit-zero
Always return a 0 (non-error) status code, even if lint errors are found. This is
primarily useful in continuous integration scripts.
--from-stdin
Interpret the stdin as a python script, whose filename needs to be passed as the
module_or_package argument.
COMMANDS
--rcfile=<file>
Specify a configuration file to load.
--help-msg=<msg-id>
Display a help message for the given message id and exit. The value may be a comma
separated list of message ids.
--list-msgs
Generate pylint's messages.
--list-msgs-enabled
Display a list of what messages are enabled and disabled with the given
configuration.
--list-groups
List pylint's message groups.
--list-conf-levels
Generate pylint's confidence levels.
--full-documentation
Generate pylint's full documentation.
--generate-rcfile
Generate a sample configuration file according to the current configuration. You
can put other options before this one to get them in the generated configuration.
MESSAGES CONTROL
--confidence=<levels>
Only show warnings with the listed confidence levels. Leave empty to show all.
Valid levels: HIGH, INFERENCE, INFERENCE_FAILURE, UNDEFINED. [default: none]
--enable=<msg ids>, -e <msg ids>
Enable the message, report, category or checker with the given id(s). You can
either give multiple identifier separated by comma (,) or put this option multiple
time (only on the command line, not in the configuration file where it should
appear only once). See also the "--disable" option for examples.
--disable=<msg ids>, -d <msg ids>
Disable the message, report, category or checker with the given id(s). You can
either give multiple identifiers separated by comma (,) or put this option multiple
times (only on the command line, not in the configuration file where it should
appear only once). You can also use "--disable=all" to disable everything first and
then reenable specific checks. For example, if you want to run only the
similarities checker, you can use "--disable=all --enable=similarities". If you
want to run only the classes checker, but have no Warning level messages displayed,
use "--disable=all --enable=classes --disable=W".
REPORTS
--output-format=<format>, -f <format>
Set the output format. Available formats are text, parseable, colorized, json and
msvs (visual studio). You can also give a reporter class, e.g.
mypackage.mymodule.MyReporterClass. [default: text]
--reports=<y_or_n>, -r <y_or_n>
Tells whether to display a full report or only the messages. [default: no]
--evaluation=<python_expression>
Python expression which should return a score less than or equal to 10. You have
access to the variables 'error', 'warning', 'refactor', and 'convention' which
contain the number of messages in each category, as well as 'statement' which is
the total number of statements analyzed. This score is used by the global
evaluation report (RP0004). [default: 10.0 - ((float(5 * error + warning + refactor
+ convention) / statement) * 10)]
--score=<y_or_n>, -s <y_or_n>
Activate the evaluation score. [default: yes]
--msg-template=<template>
Template used to display messages. This is a python new-style format string used to
format the message information. See doc for all details.
LOGGING
--logging-modules=<comma separated list>
Logging modules to check that the string format arguments are in logging function
parameter format. [default: logging]
--logging-format-style=<old (%) or new ({) or fstr (f'')>
Format style used to check logging format string. `old` means using % formatting,
`new` is for `{}` formatting,and `fstr` is for f-strings. [default: old]
SPELLING
--spelling-dict=<dict name>
Spelling dictionary name. Available dictionaries: none. To make it work, install
the python-enchant package. [default: none]
--spelling-ignore-words=<comma separated words>
List of comma separated words that should not be checked. [default: none]
--spelling-private-dict-file=<path to file>
A path to a file that contains the private dictionary; one word per line. [default:
none]
--spelling-store-unknown-words=<y_or_n>
Tells whether to store unknown words to the private dictionary (see the --spelling-
private-dict-file option) instead of raising a message. [default: no]
--max-spelling-suggestions=N
Limits count of emitted suggestions for spelling mistakes. [default: 4]
MISCELLANEOUS
--notes=<comma separated values>
List of note tags to take in consideration, separated by a comma. [default:
FIXME,XXX,TODO]
--notes-rgx=<regexp>
Regular expression of note tags to take in consideration.
TYPECHECK
--ignore-on-opaque-inference=<y_or_n>
This flag controls whether pylint should warn about no-member and similar checks
whenever an opaque object is returned when inferring. The inference can return
multiple potential results while evaluating a Python object, but some branches
might not be evaluated, which results in partial inference. In that case, it might
be useful to still emit no-member and other checks for the rest of the inferred
objects. [default: yes]
--ignore-mixin-members=<y_or_n>
Tells whether missing members accessed in mixin class should be ignored. A mixin
class is detected if its name ends with "mixin" (case insensitive). [default: yes]
--ignore-none=<y_or_n>
Tells whether to warn about missing members when the owner of the attribute is
inferred to be None. [default: yes]
--ignored-modules=<module names>
List of module names for which member attributes should not be checked (useful for
modules/projects where namespaces are manipulated during runtime and thus existing
member attributes cannot be deduced by static analysis). It supports qualified
module names, as well as Unix pattern matching. [default: none]
--ignored-classes=<members names>
List of class names for which member attributes should not be checked (useful for
classes with dynamically set attributes). This supports the use of qualified names.
[default: optparse.Values,thread._local,_thread._local]
--generated-members=<members names>
List of members which are set dynamically and missed by pylint inference system,
and so shouldn't trigger E1101 when accessed. Python regular expressions are
accepted. [default: none]
--contextmanager-decorators=<decorator names>
List of decorators that produce context managers, such as
contextlib.contextmanager. Add to this list to register other decorators that
produce valid context managers. [default: contextlib.contextmanager]
--missing-member-hint-distance=<member hint edit distance>
The minimum edit distance a name should have in order to be considered a similar
match for a missing member name. [default: 1]
--missing-member-max-choices=<member hint max choices>
The total number of similar names that should be taken in consideration when
showing a hint for a missing member. [default: 1]
--missing-member-hint=<missing member hint>
Show a hint with possible names when a member name was not found. The aspect of
finding the hint is based on edit distance. [default: yes]
--signature-mutators=<decorator names>
List of decorators that change the signature of a decorated function. [default:
none]
VARIABLES
--init-import=<y_or_n>
Tells whether we should check for unused import in __init__ files. [default: no]
--dummy-variables-rgx=<regexp>
A regular expression matching the name of dummy variables (i.e. expected to not be
used). [default: _+$|(_[a-zA-Z0-9_]*[a-zA-Z0-9]+?$)|dummy|^ignored_|^unused_]
--additional-builtins=<comma separated list>
List of additional names supposed to be defined in builtins. Remember that you
should avoid defining new builtins when possible. [default: none]
--callbacks=<callbacks>
List of strings which can identify a callback function by name. A callback name
must start or end with one of those strings. [default: cb_,_cb]
--redefining-builtins-modules=<comma separated list>
List of qualified module names which can have objects that can redefine builtins.
[default: six.moves,past.builtins,future.builtins,builtins,io]
--ignored-argument-names=<regexp>
Argument names that match this expression will be ignored. Default to name with
leading underscore. [default: _.*|^ignored_|^unused_]
--allow-global-unused-variables=<y_or_n>
Tells whether unused global variables should be treated as a violation. [default:
yes]
REFACTORING
--max-nested-blocks=<int>
Maximum number of nested blocks for function / method body [default: 5]
--never-returning-functions=NEVER_RETURNING_FUNCTIONS
Complete name of functions that never returns. When checking for inconsistent-
return-statements if a never returning function is called then it will be
considered as an explicit return statement and no message will be printed.
[default: sys.exit]
FORMAT
--max-line-length=<int>
Maximum number of characters on a single line. [default: 100]
--ignore-long-lines=<regexp>
Regexp for a line that is allowed to be longer than the limit. [default: ^\s*(#
)?<?https?://\S+>?$]
--single-line-if-stmt=<y_or_n>
Allow the body of an if to be on the same line as the test if there is no else.
[default: no]
--single-line-class-stmt=<y_or_n>
Allow the body of a class to be on the same line as the declaration if body
contains single statement. [default: no]
--no-space-check=trailing-comma,dict-separator,empty-line
List of optional constructs for which whitespace checking is disabled. `dict-
separator` is used to allow tabulation in dicts, etc.: {1 : 1,\n222: 2}.
`trailing-comma` allows a space between comma and closing bracket: (a, ). `empty-
line` allows space-only lines. [default: trailing-comma,dict-separator]
--max-module-lines=<int>
Maximum number of lines in a module. [default: 1000]
--indent-string=<string>
String used as indentation unit. This is usually " " (4 spaces) or "\t" (1 tab).
[default: ' ']
--indent-after-paren=<int>
Number of spaces of indent required inside a hanging or continued line. [default:
4]
--expected-line-ending-format=<empty or LF or CRLF>
Expected format of line ending, e.g. empty (any line ending), LF or CRLF. [default:
none]
IMPORTS
--deprecated-modules=<modules>
Deprecated modules which should not be used, separated by a comma. [default:
optparse,tkinter.tix]
--preferred-modules=<module:preferred-module>
Couples of modules and preferred modules, separated by a comma. [default: none]
--import-graph=<file.dot>
Create a graph of every (i.e. internal and external) dependencies in the given file
(report RP0402 must not be disabled). [default: none]
--ext-import-graph=<file.dot>
Create a graph of external dependencies in the given file (report RP0402 must not
be disabled). [default: none]
--int-import-graph=<file.dot>
Create a graph of internal dependencies in the given file (report RP0402 must not
be disabled). [default: none]
--known-standard-library=<modules>
Force import order to recognize a module as part of the standard compatibility
libraries.
--known-third-party=<modules>
Force import order to recognize a module as part of a third party library.
[default: enchant]
--allow-any-import-level=<modules>
List of modules that can be imported at any level, not just the top level one.
[default: none]
--analyse-fallback-blocks=<y_or_n>
Analyse import fallback blocks. This can be used to support both Python 2 and 3
compatible code, which means that the block might have code that exists only in one
or another interpreter, leading to false positives when analysed. [default: no]
--allow-wildcard-with-all=<y_or_n>
Allow wildcard imports from modules that define __all__. [default: no]
EXCEPTIONS
--overgeneral-exceptions=<comma-separated class names>
Exceptions that will emit a warning when being caught. Defaults to "BaseException,
Exception". [default: BaseException,Exception]
CLASSES
--defining-attr-methods=<method names>
List of method names used to declare (i.e. assign) instance attributes. [default:
__init__,__new__,setUp,__post_init__]
--valid-classmethod-first-arg=<argument names>
List of valid names for the first argument in a class method. [default: cls]
--valid-metaclass-classmethod-first-arg=<argument names>
List of valid names for the first argument in a metaclass class method. [default:
cls]
--exclude-protected=<protected access exclusions>
List of member names, which should be excluded from the protected access warning.
[default: _asdict,_fields,_replace,_source,_make]
SIMILARITIES
--min-similarity-lines=<int>
Minimum lines number of a similarity. [default: 4]
--ignore-comments=<y or n>
Ignore comments when computing similarities. [default: yes]
--ignore-docstrings=<y or n>
Ignore docstrings when computing similarities. [default: yes]
--ignore-imports=<y or n>
Ignore imports when computing similarities. [default: no]
DESIGN
--max-args=<int>
Maximum number of arguments for function / method. [default: 5]
--max-locals=<int>
Maximum number of locals for function / method body. [default: 15]
--max-returns=<int>
Maximum number of return / yield for function / method body. [default: 6]
--max-branches=<int>
Maximum number of branch for function / method body. [default: 12]
--max-statements=<int>
Maximum number of statements in function / method body. [default: 50]
--max-parents=<num>
Maximum number of parents for a class (see R0901). [default: 7]
--max-attributes=<num>
Maximum number of attributes for a class (see R0902). [default: 7]
--min-public-methods=<num>
Minimum number of public methods for a class (see R0903). [default: 2]
--max-public-methods=<num>
Maximum number of public methods for a class (see R0904). [default: 20]
--max-bool-expr=<num>
Maximum number of boolean expressions in an if statement (see R0916). [default: 5]
BASIC
--good-names=<names>
Good variable names which should always be accepted, separated by a comma.
[default: i,j,k,ex,Run,_]
--good-names-rgxs=<names>
Good variable names regexes, separated by a comma. If names match any regex, they
will always be accepted [default: none]
--bad-names=<names>
Bad variable names which should always be refused, separated by a comma. [default:
foo,bar,baz,toto,tutu,tata]
--bad-names-rgxs=<names>
Bad variable names regexes, separated by a comma. If names match any regex, they
will always be refused [default: none]
--name-group=<name1:name2>
Colon-delimited sets of names that determine each other's naming style when the
name regexes allow several styles. [default: none]
--include-naming-hint=<y_or_n>
Include a hint for the correct naming format with invalid-name. [default: no]
--property-classes=<decorator names>
List of decorators that produce properties, such as abc.abstractproperty. Add to
this list to register other decorators that produce valid properties. These
decorators are taken in consideration only for invalid-name. [default:
abc.abstractproperty]
--argument-naming-style=<style>
Naming style matching correct argument names. [default: snake_case]
--argument-rgx=<regexp>
Regular expression matching correct argument names. Overrides argument-naming-
style.
--attr-naming-style=<style>
Naming style matching correct attribute names. [default: snake_case]
--attr-rgx=<regexp>
Regular expression matching correct attribute names. Overrides attr-naming-style.
--class-naming-style=<style>
Naming style matching correct class names. [default: PascalCase]
--class-rgx=<regexp>
Regular expression matching correct class names. Overrides class-naming-style.
--class-attribute-naming-style=<style>
Naming style matching correct class attribute names. [default: any]
--class-attribute-rgx=<regexp>
Regular expression matching correct class attribute names. Overrides class-
attribute-naming-style.
--const-naming-style=<style>
Naming style matching correct constant names. [default: UPPER_CASE]
--const-rgx=<regexp>
Regular expression matching correct constant names. Overrides const-naming-style.
--function-naming-style=<style>
Naming style matching correct function names. [default: snake_case]
--function-rgx=<regexp>
Regular expression matching correct function names. Overrides function-naming-
style.
--inlinevar-naming-style=<style>
Naming style matching correct inline iteration names. [default: any]
--inlinevar-rgx=<regexp>
Regular expression matching correct inline iteration names. Overrides inlinevar-
naming-style.
--method-naming-style=<style>
Naming style matching correct method names. [default: snake_case]
--method-rgx=<regexp>
Regular expression matching correct method names. Overrides method-naming-style.
--module-naming-style=<style>
Naming style matching correct module names. [default: snake_case]
--module-rgx=<regexp>
Regular expression matching correct module names. Overrides module-naming-style.
--variable-naming-style=<style>
Naming style matching correct variable names. [default: snake_case]
--variable-rgx=<regexp>
Regular expression matching correct variable names. Overrides variable-naming-
style.
--no-docstring-rgx=<regexp>
Regular expression which should only match function or class names that do not
require a docstring. [default: ^_]
--docstring-min-length=<int>
Minimum line length for functions/classes that require docstrings, shorter ones are
exempt. [default: -1]
STRING
--check-str-concat-over-line-jumps=<y_or_n>
This flag controls whether the implicit-str-concat should generate a warning on
implicit string concatenation in sequences defined over several lines. [default:
no]
--check-quote-consistency=<y_or_n>
This flag controls whether inconsistent-quotes generates a warning when the
character used as a quote delimiter is used inconsistently within a module.
[default: no]
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
The following environment variables are used:
* PYLINTHOME
Path to the directory where persistent data for the run will be stored. If not found,
it defaults to ~/.pylint.d/ or .pylint.d (in the current working directory).
* PYLINTRC
Path to the configuration file. See the documentation for the method used to search
for configuration file.
OUTPUT
Using the default text output, the message format is :
MESSAGE_TYPE: LINE_NUM:[OBJECT:] MESSAGE
There are 5 kind of message types :
* (C) convention, for programming standard violation
* (R) refactor, for bad code smell
* (W) warning, for python specific problems
* (E) error, for probable bugs in the code
* (F) fatal, if an error occurred which prevented pylint from doing further
processing.
OUTPUT STATUS CODE
Pylint should leave with following status code:
* 0 if everything went fine
* 1 if a fatal message was issued
* 2 if an error message was issued
* 4 if a warning message was issued
* 8 if a refactor message was issued
* 16 if a convention message was issued
* 32 on usage error
status 1 to 16 will be bit-ORed so you can know which different categories has been issued
by analysing pylint output status code
SEE ALSO
/usr/share/doc/pythonX.Y-pylint/
BUGS
Please report bugs on the project's mailing list: mailto:code-quality@python.org
AUTHOR
Python Code Quality Authority <code-quality@python.org>