Provided by: btrfs-progs_5.16.2-1_amd64 
NAME
btrfs-qgroup - control the quota group of a btrfs filesystem
SYNOPSIS
btrfs qgroup <subcommand> <args>
DESCRIPTION
btrfs qgroup is used to control quota group (qgroup) of a btrfs filesystem.
Note
To use qgroup you need to enable quota first using btrfs quota enable command.
Warning
Qgroup is not stable yet and will impact performance in current mainline kernel
(v4.14).
QGROUP
Quota groups or qgroup in btrfs make a tree hierarchy, the leaf qgroups are attached to
subvolumes. The size limits are set per qgroup and apply when any limit is reached in tree
that contains a given subvolume.
The limits are separated between shared and exclusive and reflect the extent ownership.
For example a fresh snapshot shares almost all the blocks with the original subvolume, new
writes to either subvolume will raise towards the exclusive limit.
The qgroup identifiers conform to level/id where level 0 is reserved to the qgroups
associated with subvolumes. Such qgroups are created automatically.
The qgroup hierarchy is built by commands create and assign.
Note
If the qgroup of a subvolume is destroyed, quota about the subvolume will not be
functional until qgroup 0/<subvolume id> is created again.
SUBCOMMAND
assign [options] <src> <dst> <path>
Assign qgroup <src> as the child qgroup of <dst> in the btrfs filesystem identified by
<path>.
Options
--rescan
(default since: 4.19) Automatically schedule quota rescan if the new qgroup
assignment would lead to quota inconsistency. See QUOTA RESCAN for more
information.
--no-rescan
Explicitly ask not to do a rescan, even if the assignment will make the quotas
inconsistent. This may be useful for repeated calls where the rescan would add
unnecessary overhead.
create <qgroupid> <path>
Create a subvolume quota group.
For the 0/<subvolume id> qgroup, a qgroup can be created even before the subvolume is
created.
destroy <qgroupid> <path>
Destroy a qgroup.
If a qgroup is not isolated, meaning it is a parent or child qgroup, then it can only
be destroyed after the relationship is removed.
limit [options] <size>|none [<qgroupid>] <path>
Limit the size of a qgroup to <size> or no limit in the btrfs filesystem identified by
<path>.
If <qgroupid> is not given, qgroup of the subvolume identified by <path> is used if
possible.
Options
-c
limit amount of data after compression. This is the default, it is currently not
possible to turn off this option.
-e
limit space exclusively assigned to this qgroup.
remove <src> <dst> <path>
Remove the relationship between child qgroup <src> and parent qgroup <dst> in the
btrfs filesystem identified by <path>.
Options
--rescan
(default since: 4.19) Automatically schedule quota rescan if the removed qgroup
relation would lead to quota inconsistency. See QUOTA RESCAN for more information.
--no-rescan
Explicitly ask not to do a rescan, even if the removal will make the quotas
inconsistent. This may be useful for repeated calls where the rescan would add
unnecessary overhead.
show [options] <path>
Show all qgroups in the btrfs filesystem identified by <path>.
Options
-p
print parent qgroup id.
-c
print child qgroup id.
-r
print limit of referenced size of qgroup.
-e
print limit of exclusive size of qgroup.
-F
list all qgroups which impact the given path(include ancestral qgroups)
-f
list all qgroups which impact the given path(exclude ancestral qgroups)
--raw
raw numbers in bytes, without the B suffix.
--human-readable
print human friendly numbers, base 1024, this is the default
--iec
select the 1024 base for the following options, according to the IEC standard.
--si
select the 1000 base for the following options, according to the SI standard.
--kbytes
show sizes in KiB, or kB with --si.
--mbytes
show sizes in MiB, or MB with --si.
--gbytes
show sizes in GiB, or GB with --si.
--tbytes
show sizes in TiB, or TB with --si.
--sort=[+/-]<attr>[,[+/-]<attr>]...
list qgroups in order of <attr>.
<attr> can be one or more of qgroupid,rfer,excl,max_rfer,max_excl.
Prefix '+' means ascending order and '-' means descending order of <attr>. If no
prefix is given, use ascending order by default.
If multiple <attr>s is given, use comma to separate.
--sync
To retrieve information after updating the state of qgroups, force sync of the
filesystem identified by <path> before getting information.
QUOTA RESCAN
The rescan reads all extent sharing metadata and updates the respective qgoups
accordingly.
The information consists of bytes owned exclusively (excl) or shared/referred to (rfer).
There’s no explicit information about which extents are shared or owned exclusively. This
means when qgroup relationship changes, extent owners change and qgroup numbers are no
longer consistent unless we do a full rescan.
However there are cases where we can avoid a full rescan, if a subvolume whose rfer number
equals its excl number, which means all bytes are exclusively owned, then
assigning/removing this subvolume only needs to add/subtract rfer number from its parent
qgroup. This can speed up the rescan.
EXAMPLES
Example 1. Make a parent group that has two quota group children
Given the following filesystem mounted at /mnt/my-vault
Label: none uuid: 60d2ab3b-941a-4f22-8d1a-315f329797b2
Total devices 1 FS bytes used 128.00KiB
devid 1 size 5.00GiB used 536.00MiB path /dev/vdb
Enable quota and create subvolumes. Check subvolume ids.
$ cd /mnt/my-vault
$ btrfs quota enable .
$ btrfs subvolume create a
$ btrfs subvolume create b
$ btrfs subvolume list .
ID 261 gen 61 top level 5 path a
ID 262 gen 62 top level 5 path b
Create qgroup and set limit to 10MiB.
$ btrfs qgroup create 1/100 .
$ btrfs qgroup limit 10M 1/100 .
$ btrfs qgroup assign 0/261 1/100 .
$ btrfs qgroup assign 0/262 1/100 .
And check qgroups.
$ btrfs qgroup show .
qgroupid rfer excl
-------- ---- ----
0/5 16.00KiB 16.00KiB
0/261 16.00KiB 16.00KiB
0/262 16.00KiB 16.00KiB
1/100 32.00KiB 32.00KiB
EXIT STATUS
btrfs qgroup returns a zero exit status if it succeeds. Non zero is returned in case of
failure.
AVAILABILITY
btrfs is part of btrfs-progs. Please refer to the btrfs wiki http://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org
for further details.
SEE ALSO
mkfs.btrfs(8), btrfs-subvolume(8), btrfs-quota(8),