Ubuntu Manpage: fping - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts

NAME

       fping - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts

SYNOPSIS

       fping [ options ] [ systems... ]

DESCRIPTION

       fping is a program like ping which uses the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo
       request to determine if a target host is responding.  fping differs from ping in that you
       can specify any number of targets on the command line, or specify a file containing the
       lists of targets to ping.  Instead of sending to one target until it times out or replies,
       fping will send out a ping packet and move on to the next target in a round-robin fashion.
       In the default mode, if a target replies, it is noted and removed from the list of targets
       to check; if a target does not respond within a certain time limit and/or retry limit it
       is designated as unreachable. fping also supports sending a specified number of pings to a
       target, or looping indefinitely (as in ping ). Unlike ping, fping is meant to be used in
       scripts, so its output is designed to be easy to parse.  Current statistics can be
       obtained without termination of process with signal SIGQUIT (^\ from the keyboard on most
       systems).

OPTIONS

-4, --ipv4
Restrict name resolution and IPs to IPv4 addresses.

-6, --ipv6
Restrict name resolution and IPs to IPv6 addresses.

-a, --alive
Show systems that are alive.

-A, --addr
Display targets by address rather than DNS name. Combined with -d, the output will be
both the ip and (if available) the hostname.

-b, --size=BYTES
Number of bytes of ping data to send. The minimum size (normally 12) allows room for
the data that fping needs to do its work (sequence number, timestamp). The reported
received data size includes the IP header (normally 20 bytes) and ICMP header (8
bytes), so the minimum total size is 40 bytes. Default is 56, as in ping. Maximum is
the theoretical maximum IP datagram size (64K), though most systems limit this to a
smaller, system-dependent number.

-B, --backoff=N
Backoff factor. In the default mode, fping sends several requests to a target before
giving up, waiting longer for a reply on each successive request. This parameter is
the value by which the wait time (-t) is multiplied on each successive request; it
must be entered as a floating-point number (x.y). The default is 1.5.

-c, --count=N
Number of request packets to send to each target. In this mode, a line is displayed
for each received response (this can suppressed with -q or -Q). Also, statistics
about responses for each target are displayed when all requests have been sent (or
when interrupted).

-C, --vcount=N
Similar to -c, but the per-target statistics are displayed in a format designed for
automated response-time statistics gathering. For example:

$ fping -C 5 -q somehost
somehost : 91.7 37.0 29.2 - 36.8

shows the response time in milliseconds for each of the five requests, with the "-"
indicating that no response was received to the fourth request.

-d, --rdns
Use DNS to lookup address of ping target. This allows you to give fping a list of IP
addresses as input and print hostnames in the output. This is similar to option
-n/--name, but will force a reverse-DNS lookup even if you give hostnames as target
(NAME->IP->NAME).

-D, --timestamp
Add Unix timestamps in front of output lines generated with in looping or counting
modes (-l, -c, or -C).

-e, --elapsed
Show elapsed (round-trip) time of packets.

-f, --file
Read list of targets from a file. This option can only be used by the root user.
Regular users should pipe in the file via stdin:

$ fping < targets_file

-g, --generate addr/mask
Generate a target list from a supplied IP netmask, or a starting and ending IP.
Specify the netmask or start/end in the targets portion of the command line. If a
network with netmask is given, the network and broadcast addresses will be excluded.
ex. To ping the network 192.168.1.0/24, the specified command line could look like
either:

$ fping -g 192.168.1.0/24

$ fping -g 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.254

-h, --help
Print usage message.

-H, --ttl=N
Set the IP TTL field (time to live hops).

-i, --interval=MSEC
The minimum amount of time (in milliseconds) between sending a ping packet to any
target (default is 10, minimum is 1).

-I, --iface=IFACE
Set the interface (requires SO_BINDTODEVICE support).

-l, --loop
Loop sending packets to each target indefinitely. Can be interrupted with Ctrl-C;
statistics about responses for each target are then displayed.

-m, --all
Send pings to each of a target host's multiple IP addresses (use of option '-A' is
recommended).

-M, --dontfrag
Set the "Don't Fragment" bit in the IP header (used to determine/test the MTU).

-n, --name
If targets are specified as IP addresses, do a reverse-DNS lookup on them to print
hostnames in the output.

-N, --netdata
Format output for netdata (-l -Q are required). See: <http://my-netdata.io/>

-o, --outage
Calculate "outage time" based on the number of lost pings and the interval used
(useful for network convergence tests).

-O, --tos=N
Set the typ of service flag (TOS). N can be either decimal or hexadecimal (0xh)
format.

-p, --period=MSEC
In looping or counting modes (-l, -c, or -C), this parameter sets the time in
milliseconds that fping waits between successive packets to an individual target.
Default is 1000 and minimum is 10.

-q, --quiet
Quiet. Don't show per-probe results, but only the final summary. Also don't show ICMP
error messages.

-Q, --squiet=SECS
Like -q, but additionally show interval summary results every SECS seconds.

-r, --retry=N
Retry limit (default 3). This is the number of times an attempt at pinging a target
will be made, not including the first try.

-R, --random
Instead of using all-zeros as the packet data, generate random bytes. Use to defeat,
e.g., link data compression.

-s, --stats
Print cumulative statistics upon exit.

-S, --src=addr
Set source address.

-t, --timeout=MSEC
Initial target timeout in milliseconds. In the default, non-loop mode, the default
timeout is 500ms, and it represents the amount of time that fping waits for a
response to its first request. Successive timeouts are multiplied by the backoff
factor specified with -B.

In loop/count mode, the default timeout is automatically adjusted to match the
"period" value (but not more than 2000ms). You can still adjust the timeout value
with this option, if you wish to, but note that setting a value larger than "period"
produces inconsistent results, because the timeout value can be respected only for
the last ping.

Also note that any received replies that are larger than the timeout value, will be
discarded.

-T n Ignored (for compatibility with fping 2.4).

-u, --unreach
Show targets that are unreachable.

-v, --version
Print fping version information.

-x, --reachable=N
Given a list of hosts, this mode checks if number of reachable hosts is >= N and
exits true in that case.

EXAMPLES

       Generate 20 pings to two hosts in ca. 1 second (i.e. one ping every 50 ms to each host),
       and report every ping RTT at the end:

        $ fping --quiet --interval=1 --vcount=20 --period=50 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.2

AUTHORS

       •   Roland J. Schemers III, Stanford University, concept and versions 1.x

       •   RL "Bob" Morgan, Stanford University, versions 2.x

       •   David Papp, versions 2.3x and up

       •   David Schweikert, versions 3.0 and up

       fping website: <http://www.fping.org>

DIAGNOSTICS

       Exit status is 0 if all the hosts are reachable, 1 if some hosts were unreachable, 2 if
       any IP addresses were not found, 3 for invalid command line arguments, and 4 for a system
       call failure.

RESTRICTIONS

       If fping was configured with "--enable-safe-limits", the following values are not allowed
       for non-root users:

       •   -i n, where n < 1 msec

       •   -p n, where n < 10 msec