Provided by: mtools_4.0.33-1+really4.0.32-1build1_amd64 bug

Name

       mformat - add an MSDOS filesystem to a low-level formatted floppy disk

Note of warning

       This manpage has been automatically generated from mtools's texinfo documentation, and may
       not be entirely accurate or complete.  See the end of this man page for details.

Description

       The mformat command is used to  add  an  MS-DOS  file  system  to  a  low-level  formatted
       diskette. Its syntax is:

       mformat [-t cylinders|-T tot_sectors] [-h heads] [-s sectors]
         [-f size] [-1] [-4] [-8]
         [-v volume_label]
         [-F] [-S sizecode]
         [-M software_sector_size]
         [-N serial_number] [-a]
         [-C] [-H hidden_sectors] [-I fsVersion]
         [-r root_sectors] [-L fat_len]
         [-B boot_sector] [-k]
         [-m media_descriptor]
         [-K backup_boot]
         [-R nb_reserved_sectors]
         [-c clusters_per_sector]
         [-d fat_copies]
         [-X] [-2 sectors_on_track_0] [-3]
         [-0 rate_on_track_0] [-A rate_on_other_tracks]
         drive:

       Mformat  adds  a  minimal  MS-DOS  file system (boot sector, FAT, and root directory) to a
       diskette that has already been formatted by a Unix low-level format.

       The following options are supported: (The S, 2, 1 and M options may not exist if this copy
       of mtools has been compiled without the USE_2M option)

       The following options are the same as for MS-DOS's format command:

Options

       v      Specifies the volume label. A volume label identifies the disk and can be a maximum
              of 11 characters. If you omit the -v switch, mformat will assign no  label  to  the
              disk.

       f      Specifies  the  size  of  the  DOS  file system to format. Only a certain number of
              predefined sizes are supported by this flag; for others use the -h/-t/-s flags. The
              following sizes are supported:

              160    160K, single-sided, 8 sectors per track, 40 cylinders (for 5 1/4 DD)

              180    160K, single-sided, 9 sectors per track, 40 cylinders (for 5 1/4 DD)

              320    320K, double-sided, 8 sectors per track, 40 cylinders (for 5 1/4 DD)

              360    360K, double-sided, 9 sectors per track, 40 cylinders (for 5 1/4 DD)

              720    720K, double-sided, 9 sectors per track, 80 cylinders (for 3 1/2 DD)

              1200   1200K, double-sided, 15 sectors per track, 80 cylinders (for 5 1/4 HD)

              1440   1440K, double-sided, 18 sectors per track, 80 cylinders (for 3 1/2 HD)

              2880   2880K, double-sided, 36 sectors per track, 80 cylinders (for 3 1/2 ED)

       t      Specifies the number of tracks on the disk.

       T      Specifies  the number of total sectors on the disk. Only one of these 2 options may
              be specified (tracks or total sectors)

       h      The number of heads (sides).

       s      Specifies the number of sectors per track. If the 2m option  is  given,  number  of
              512-byte sector equivalents on generic tracks (i.e. not head 0 track 0).  If the 2m
              option is not given, number of physical sectors per track (which may be bigger than
              512 bytes).

       1      Formats a single side (equivalent to -h 1)

       4      Formats  a  360K  double-sided disk (equivalent to -f 360). When used together with
              -the 1 switch, this switch formats a 180K disk

       8      Formats a disk with 8 sectors per track.

       MS-DOS format's q, u and b options are not supported, and s has a different meaning.

       The following options are specific to mtools:

       F      Format the partition as FAT32.

       S      The size code. The size of the sector is 2 ^ (sizecode + 7).

       X      formats the disk as an XDF disk. See section XDF, for more details.  The  disk  has
              first  to  be low-level formatted using the xdfcopy utility included in the fdutils
              package. XDF disks are used for instance for OS/2 install disks.

       2      2m format. The parameter to this option describes the number of sectors on track 0,
              head 0. This option is recommended for sectors bigger than normal.

       3      don't use a 2m format, even if the current geometry of the disk is a 2m geometry.

       0      Data transfer rate on track 0

       A      Data transfer rate on tracks other than 0

       M      software sector size. This parameter describes the sector size in bytes used by the
              MS-DOS file system. By default it is the physical sector size.

       N      Uses the requested serial number, instead of generating one automatically

       a      If this option is given, an Atari style serial number is generated.   Ataris  store
              their serial number in the OEM label.

       C      creates  the  disk  image  file to install the MS-DOS file system on it. Obviously,
              this is useless on physical devices such as floppies and hard disk partitions,  but
              is interesting for image files.

       H      number  of  hidden  sectors.  This  parameter  is  useful  for formatting hard disk
              partition, which are not aligned on track boundaries  (i.e.  first  head  of  first
              track  doesn't  belong  to  the partition, but contains a partition table). In that
              case the number of hidden sectors is in general the number of sectors per cylinder.
              This is untested.

       I      Sets  the  fsVersion  id when formatting a FAT32 drive.  In order to find this out,
              run minfo on an existing FAT32 drive, and mail me about it, so I  can  include  the
              correct value in future versions of mtools.

       c      Sets the size of a cluster (in sectors).  If this cluster size would generate a FAT
              that too big for its number of bits, mtools  automatically  increases  the  cluster
              size,  until  the  FAT is small enough. If no cluster size is specified explicitly,
              mtools uses a default value  as  described  in  section  ``Number  of  sectors  per
              cluster'' below.

       d      Sets  the  number  of  FAT copies. Default is 2. This setting can also be specified
              using the MTOOLS_NFATS environment variable.

       r      Sets the size of the root directory (in sectors).  Only applicable to 12 and 16 bit
              FATs.  This  setting  can  also  be  specified using the MTOOLS_DIR_LEN environment
              variable.

       L      Sets the length of the FAT.

       B      Use the boot sector stored in the given file or device, instead of using  its  own.
              Only the geometry fields are updated to match the target disks parameters.

       k      Keep  the  existing  boot sector as much as possible.  Only the geometry fields and
              other similar file system data are updated to match the target disks parameters.

       K      Sets the sector number where the backup of the boot sector should be  stored  (only
              relevant on FAT32).

       R      Sets  the  number  of reserved sectors for this filesystem. This must be at least 1
              for non-FAT32 disks, and at least 3 for FAT disks (in order to accommodate the boot
              sector, the info sector and the backup boot sector).

       m      Use  a  non-standard  media  descriptor byte for this disk. The media descriptor is
              stored at position 21 of the boot sector, and as first byte in each FAT copy. Using
              this  option  may  confuse  DOS  or  older  mtools  version,  and may make the disk
              unreadable. Only use if you know what you are doing.

       To format a diskette at a density other than the default, you must supply (at least) those
       command line parameters that are different from the default.

       Mformat returns 0 on success or 1 on failure.

       It doesn't record bad block information to the Fat, use mbadblocks for that.

Number of sectors per cluster

       If the user indicates no cluster size, mformat figures out a default value for it.

       For  FAT32  it  uses  the  following table to determine the number of sectors per cluster,
       depending on the total number of sectors on the filesystem.

       more than 32*1024*1024*2: 64 sectors
       between 16*1024*1024*2 and 32*1024*1024*2: 32 sectors
       between 8*1024*1024*2 and 16*1024*1024*2: 16 sectors
       between 260*1024*2 and 81024*1024*2: 1 sectors

       This is derived from information on page  20  of  Microsoft's  fatgen103  document,  which
       currently can be found at the following address:

       https://staff.washington.edu/dittrich/misc/fatgen103.pdf

       For FAT12 and FAT16, mformat uses an iterative approach, where it starts with a set value,
       which it doubles until it is able to fill up the disk using that cluster size and a number
       of cluster less than the maximum allowed.

       The starting value is 1 for disks with one head or less than 2000 sectors, and 2 for disks
       with more than one head, and more than 2000 sectors.

       The number of sectors per cluster cannot go beyond 128.

See Also

       Mtools' texinfo doc

Viewing the texi doc

       This manpage  has  been  automatically  generated  from  mtools's  texinfo  documentation.
       However,  this  process  is  only  approximative, and some items, such as crossreferences,
       footnotes and indices are lost in this translation process.  Indeed, these items  have  no
       appropriate  representation in the manpage format.  Moreover, not all information has been
       translated into the manpage version.  Thus I strongly  advise  you  to  use  the  original
       texinfo doc.  See the end of this manpage for instructions how to view the texinfo doc.

       *      To generate a printable copy from the texinfo doc, run the following commands:

                     ./configure; make dvi; dvips mtools.dvi

       *      To generate a html copy,  run:

                     ./configure; make html

       A premade html can be found at `http://www.gnu.org/software/mtools/manual/mtools.html'

       *      To generate an info copy (browsable using emacs' info mode), run:

                     ./configure; make info

       The  texinfo  doc  looks most pretty when printed or as html.  Indeed, in the info version
       certain examples are difficult to read due to the quoting conventions used in info.