Provided by: python3-watchdog_2.1.9-1_all 
NAME
watchdog - watchdog Documentation
Python API library and shell utilities to monitor file system events.
Works on 3.6+.
If you want to use Python 2.6, you should stick with watchdog < 0.10.0.
If you want to use Python 2.7, 3.4 or 3.5, you should stick with watchdog < 1.0.0.
DIRECTORY MONITORING MADE EASY WITH
• A cross-platform API.
• A shell tool to run commands in response to directory changes.
Get started quickly with a simple example in Quickstart.
EASY INSTALLATION
You can use pip to install watchdog quickly and easily:
$ python -m pip install -U watchdog
Need more help with installing? See Installation.
INSTALLATION
watchdog requires 3.6+ to work. See a list of Dependencies.
Installing from PyPI using pip
$ python -m pip install -U watchdog
# or to install the watchmedo utility:
$ python -m pip install -U
|
project_name|[watchmedo]
Installing from source tarballs
$ wget -c https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/w/watchdog/watchdog-2.1.9.tar.gz
$ tar zxvf watchdog-2.1.9.tar.gz
$ cd watchdog-2.1.9
$ python -m pip install -e .
# or to install the watchmedo utility:
$ python -m pip install -e ".[watchmedo]"
Installing from the code repository
$ git clone --recursive git://github.com/gorakhargosh/watchdog.git
$ cd watchdog
$ python -m pip install -e .
# or to install the watchmedo utility:
$ python -m pip install -e ".[watchmedo]"
Dependencies
watchdog depends on many libraries to do its job. The following is a list of dependencies
you need based on the operating system you are using.
┌─────────────────┬─────────┬───────────┬──────────────┬─────┐
│Operating system │ Windows │ Linux 2.6 │ macOS Darwin │ BSD │
│Dependency (row) │ │ │ │ │
└─────────────────┴─────────┴───────────┴──────────────┴─────┘
│XCode │ │ │ Yes │ │
└─────────────────┴─────────┴───────────┴──────────────┴─────┘
The following is a list of dependencies you need based on the operating system you are
using the watchmedo utility.
┌─────────────────┬─────────┬───────────┬──────────────┬─────┐
│Operating system │ Windows │ Linux 2.6 │ macOS Darwin │ BSD │
│Dependency (row) │ │ │ │ │
├─────────────────┼─────────┼───────────┼──────────────┼─────┤
│PyYAML │ Yes │ Yes │ Yes │ Yes │
└─────────────────┴─────────┴───────────┴──────────────┴─────┘
Installing Dependencies
The watchmedo script depends on PyYAML which links with LibYAML. On macOS, you can use
homebrew to install LibYAML:
brew install libyaml
On Linux, use your favorite package manager to install LibYAML. Here's how you do it on
Ubuntu:
sudo apt install libyaml-dev
On Windows, please install PyYAML using the binaries they provide.
Supported Platforms (and Caveats)
watchdog uses native APIs as much as possible falling back to polling the disk
periodically to compare directory snapshots only when it cannot use an API
natively-provided by the underlying operating system. The following operating systems are
currently supported:
WARNING:
Differences between behaviors of these native API are noted below.
Linux 2.6+
Linux kernel version 2.6 and later come with an API called inotify that programs
can use to monitor file system events.
NOTE:
On most systems the maximum number of watches that can be created per user is
limited to 8192. watchdog needs one per directory to monitor. To change this
limit, edit /etc/sysctl.conf and add:
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=16384
macOS The Darwin kernel/OS X API maintains two ways to monitor directories for file
system events:
• kqueue
• FSEvents
watchdog can use whichever one is available, preferring FSEvents over kqueue(2).
kqueue(2) uses open file descriptors for monitoring and the current implementation
uses macOS File System Monitoring Performance Guidelines to open these file
descriptors only to monitor events, thus allowing OS X to unmount volumes that are
being watched without locking them.
NOTE:
More information about how watchdog uses kqueue(2) is noted in BSD Unix
variants. Much of this information applies to macOS as well.
BSD variants come with kqueue which programs can use to monitor
changes to open file descriptors. Because of the way kqueue(2) works, watchdog
needs to open these files and directories in read-only non-blocking mode and keep
books about them.
watchdog will automatically open file descriptors for all new files/directories
created and close those for which are deleted.
NOTE:
The maximum number of open file descriptor per process limit on your operating
system can hinder watchdog's ability to monitor files.
You should ensure this limit is set to at least 1024 (or a value suitable to
your usage). The following command appended to your ~/.profile configuration
file does this for you:
ulimit -n 1024
Windows Vista and later
The Windows API provides the ReadDirectoryChangesW. watchdog currently contains
implementation for a synchronous approach requiring additional API functionality
only available in Windows Vista and later.
NOTE:
Since renaming is not the same operation as movement on Windows, watchdog tries
hard to convert renames to movement events. Also, because the
ReadDirectoryChangesW API function returns rename/movement events for
directories even before the underlying I/O is complete, watchdog may not be able
to completely scan the moved directory in order to successfully queue movement
events for files and directories within it.
NOTE:
Since the Windows API does not provide information about whether an object is a
file or a directory, delete events for directories may be reported as a file
deleted event.
OS Independent Polling
watchdog also includes a fallback-implementation that polls watched directories for
changes by periodically comparing snapshots of the directory tree.
QUICKSTART
Below we present a simple example that monitors the current directory recursively (which
means, it will traverse any sub-directories) to detect changes. Here is what we will do
with the API:
1. Create an instance of the watchdog.observers.Observer thread class.
2. Implement a subclass of watchdog.events.FileSystemEventHandler (or as in our case, we
will use the built-in watchdog.events.LoggingEventHandler, which already does).
3. Schedule monitoring a few paths with the observer instance attaching the event handler.
4. Start the observer thread and wait for it generate events without blocking our main
thread.
By default, an watchdog.observers.Observer instance will not monitor sub-directories. By
passing recursive=True in the call to watchdog.observers.Observer.schedule() monitoring
entire directory trees is ensured.
A Simple Example
The following example program will monitor the current directory recursively for file
system changes and simply log them to the console:
import sys
import logging
from watchdog.observers import Observer
from watchdog.events import LoggingEventHandler
if __name__ == "__main__":
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,
format='%(asctime)s - %(message)s',
datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
path = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else '.'
event_handler = LoggingEventHandler()
observer = Observer()
observer.schedule(event_handler, path, recursive=True)
observer.start()
try:
while observer.is_alive():
observer.join(1)
finally:
observer.stop()
observer.join()
To stop the program, press Control-C.
API REFERENCE
watchdog.events
module watchdog.events
synopsis
File system events and event handlers.
author yesudeep@google.com (Yesudeep Mangalapilly)
author contact@tiger-222.fr (Mickaël Schoentgen)
Event Classes
class watchdog.events.FileSystemEvent(src_path)
Bases: object
Immutable type that represents a file system event that is triggered when a change
occurs on the monitored file system.
All FileSystemEvent objects are required to be immutable and hence can be used as
keys in dictionaries or be added to sets.
event_type = None
The type of the event as a string.
is_directory = False
True if event was emitted for a directory; False otherwise.
is_synthetic = False
True if event was synthesized; False otherwise.
These are events that weren't actually broadcast by the OS, but are presumed
to have happened based on other, actual events.
property src_path
Source path of the file system object that triggered this event.
class watchdog.events.FileSystemMovedEvent(src_path, dest_path)
Bases: watchdog.events.FileSystemEvent
File system event representing any kind of file system movement.
property dest_path
The destination path of the move event.
class watchdog.events.FileMovedEvent(src_path, dest_path)
Bases: watchdog.events.FileSystemMovedEvent
File system event representing file movement on the file system.
class watchdog.events.DirMovedEvent(src_path, dest_path)
Bases: watchdog.events.FileSystemMovedEvent
File system event representing directory movement on the file system.
class watchdog.events.FileModifiedEvent(src_path)
Bases: watchdog.events.FileSystemEvent
File system event representing file modification on the file system.
class watchdog.events.DirModifiedEvent(src_path)
Bases: watchdog.events.FileSystemEvent
File system event representing directory modification on the file system.
class watchdog.events.FileCreatedEvent(src_path)
Bases: watchdog.events.FileSystemEvent
File system event representing file creation on the file system.
class watchdog.events.FileClosedEvent(src_path)
Bases: watchdog.events.FileSystemEvent
File system event representing file close on the file system.
class watchdog.events.DirCreatedEvent(src_path)
Bases: watchdog.events.FileSystemEvent
File system event representing directory creation on the file system.
class watchdog.events.FileDeletedEvent(src_path)
Bases: watchdog.events.FileSystemEvent
File system event representing file deletion on the file system.
class watchdog.events.DirDeletedEvent(src_path)
Bases: watchdog.events.FileSystemEvent
File system event representing directory deletion on the file system.
Event Handler Classes
class watchdog.events.FileSystemEventHandler
Bases: object
Base file system event handler that you can override methods from.
dispatch(event)
Dispatches events to the appropriate methods.
Parameters
event (FileSystemEvent) -- The event object representing the file
system event.
on_any_event(event)
Catch-all event handler.
Parameters
event (FileSystemEvent) -- The event object representing the file
system event.
on_closed(event)
Called when a file opened for writing is closed.
Parameters
event (FileClosedEvent) -- Event representing file closing.
on_created(event)
Called when a file or directory is created.
Parameters
event (DirCreatedEvent or FileCreatedEvent) -- Event representing
file/directory creation.
on_deleted(event)
Called when a file or directory is deleted.
Parameters
event (DirDeletedEvent or FileDeletedEvent) -- Event representing
file/directory deletion.
on_modified(event)
Called when a file or directory is modified.
Parameters
event (DirModifiedEvent or FileModifiedEvent) -- Event representing
file/directory modification.
on_moved(event)
Called when a file or a directory is moved or renamed.
Parameters
event (DirMovedEvent or FileMovedEvent) -- Event representing
file/directory movement.
class watchdog.events.PatternMatchingEventHandler(patterns=None, ignore_patterns=None,
ignore_directories=False, case_sensitive=False)
Bases: watchdog.events.FileSystemEventHandler
Matches given patterns with file paths associated with occurring events.
property case_sensitive
(Read-only) True if path names should be matched sensitive to case; False
otherwise.
dispatch(event)
Dispatches events to the appropriate methods.
Parameters
event (FileSystemEvent) -- The event object representing the file
system event.
property ignore_directories
(Read-only) True if directories should be ignored; False otherwise.
property ignore_patterns
(Read-only) Patterns to ignore matching event paths.
property patterns
(Read-only) Patterns to allow matching event paths.
class watchdog.events.RegexMatchingEventHandler(regexes=None, ignore_regexes=None,
ignore_directories=False, case_sensitive=False)
Bases: watchdog.events.FileSystemEventHandler
Matches given regexes with file paths associated with occurring events.
property case_sensitive
(Read-only) True if path names should be matched sensitive to case; False
otherwise.
dispatch(event)
Dispatches events to the appropriate methods.
Parameters
event (FileSystemEvent) -- The event object representing the file
system event.
property ignore_directories
(Read-only) True if directories should be ignored; False otherwise.
property ignore_regexes
(Read-only) Regexes to ignore matching event paths.
property regexes
(Read-only) Regexes to allow matching event paths.
class watchdog.events.LoggingEventHandler(logger=None)
Bases: watchdog.events.FileSystemEventHandler
Logs all the events captured.
on_created(event)
Called when a file or directory is created.
Parameters
event (DirCreatedEvent or FileCreatedEvent) -- Event representing
file/directory creation.
on_deleted(event)
Called when a file or directory is deleted.
Parameters
event (DirDeletedEvent or FileDeletedEvent) -- Event representing
file/directory deletion.
on_modified(event)
Called when a file or directory is modified.
Parameters
event (DirModifiedEvent or FileModifiedEvent) -- Event representing
file/directory modification.
on_moved(event)
Called when a file or a directory is moved or renamed.
Parameters
event (DirMovedEvent or FileMovedEvent) -- Event representing
file/directory movement.
watchdog.observers.api
Immutables
class watchdog.observers.api.ObservedWatch(path, recursive)
Bases: object
An scheduled watch.
Parameters
• path -- Path string.
• recursive -- True if watch is recursive; False otherwise.
property is_recursive
Determines whether subdirectories are watched for the path.
property path
The path that this watch monitors.
Collections
class watchdog.observers.api.EventQueue(maxsize=0)
Bases: watchdog.utils.bricks.SkipRepeatsQueue
Thread-safe event queue based on a special queue that skips adding the same event
(FileSystemEvent) multiple times consecutively. Thus avoiding dispatching multiple
event handling calls when multiple identical events are produced quicker than an
observer can consume them.
Classes
class watchdog.observers.api.EventEmitter(event_queue, watch, timeout=1)
Bases: watchdog.utils.BaseThread
Producer thread base class subclassed by event emitters that generate events and
populate a queue with them.
Parameters
• event_queue (watchdog.events.EventQueue) -- The event queue to populate
with generated events.
• watch (ObservedWatch) -- The watch to observe and produce events for.
• timeout (float) -- Timeout (in seconds) between successive attempts at
reading events.
queue_event(event)
Queues a single event.
Parameters
event (An instance of watchdog.events.FileSystemEvent or a subclass.)
-- Event to be queued.
queue_events(timeout)
Override this method to populate the event queue with events per interval
period.
Parameters
timeout (float) -- Timeout (in seconds) between successive attempts
at reading events.
run() Method representing the thread's activity.
You may override this method in a subclass. The standard run() method
invokes the callable object passed to the object's constructor as the target
argument, if any, with sequential and keyword arguments taken from the args
and kwargs arguments, respectively.
property timeout
Blocking timeout for reading events.
property watch
The watch associated with this emitter.
class watchdog.observers.api.EventDispatcher(timeout=1)
Bases: watchdog.utils.BaseThread
Consumer thread base class subclassed by event observer threads that dispatch
events from an event queue to appropriate event handlers.
Parameters
timeout (float) -- Timeout value (in seconds) passed to emitters
constructions in the child class BaseObserver.
dispatch_events(event_queue)
Override this method to consume events from an event queue, blocking on the
queue for the specified timeout before raising queue.Empty.
Parameters
event_queue (EventQueue) -- Event queue to populate with one set of
events.
Raises queue.Empty
property event_queue
The event queue which is populated with file system events by emitters and
from which events are dispatched by a dispatcher thread.
run() Method representing the thread's activity.
You may override this method in a subclass. The standard run() method
invokes the callable object passed to the object's constructor as the target
argument, if any, with sequential and keyword arguments taken from the args
and kwargs arguments, respectively.
stop() Signals the thread to stop.
property timeout
Timeout value to construct emitters with.
class watchdog.observers.api.BaseObserver(emitter_class, timeout=1)
Bases: watchdog.observers.api.EventDispatcher
Base observer.
add_handler_for_watch(event_handler, watch)
Adds a handler for the given watch.
Parameters
• event_handler (watchdog.events.FileSystemEventHandler or a
subclass) -- An event handler instance that has appropriate event
handling methods which will be called by the observer in response
to file system events.
• watch (An instance of ObservedWatch or a subclass of ObservedWatch)
-- The watch to add a handler for.
dispatch_events(event_queue)
Override this method to consume events from an event queue, blocking on the
queue for the specified timeout before raising queue.Empty.
Parameters
event_queue (EventQueue) -- Event queue to populate with one set of
events.
Raises queue.Empty
property emitters
Returns event emitter created by this observer.
on_thread_stop()
Override this method instead of stop(). stop() calls this method.
This method is called immediately after the thread is signaled to stop.
remove_handler_for_watch(event_handler, watch)
Removes a handler for the given watch.
Parameters
• event_handler (watchdog.events.FileSystemEventHandler or a
subclass) -- An event handler instance that has appropriate event
handling methods which will be called by the observer in response
to file system events.
• watch (An instance of ObservedWatch or a subclass of ObservedWatch)
-- The watch to remove a handler for.
schedule(event_handler, path, recursive=False)
Schedules watching a path and calls appropriate methods specified in the
given event handler in response to file system events.
Parameters
• event_handler (watchdog.events.FileSystemEventHandler or a
subclass) -- An event handler instance that has appropriate event
handling methods which will be called by the observer in response
to file system events.
• path (str) -- Directory path that will be monitored.
• recursive (bool) -- True if events will be emitted for
sub-directories traversed recursively; False otherwise.
Returns
An ObservedWatch object instance representing a watch.
start()
Start the thread's activity.
It must be called at most once per thread object. It arranges for the
object's run() method to be invoked in a separate thread of control.
This method will raise a RuntimeError if called more than once on the same
thread object.
unschedule(watch)
Unschedules a watch.
Parameters
watch (An instance of ObservedWatch or a subclass of ObservedWatch)
-- The watch to unschedule.
unschedule_all()
Unschedules all watches and detaches all associated event handlers.
watchdog.observers
module watchdog.observers
synopsis
Observer that picks a native implementation if available.
author yesudeep@google.com (Yesudeep Mangalapilly)
author contact@tiger-222.fr (Mickaël Schoentgen)
Classes
watchdog.observers.Observer
alias of watchdog.observers.inotify.InotifyObserver
Observer thread that schedules watching directories and dispatches calls to event
handlers.
You can also import platform specific classes directly and use it instead of Observer.
Here is a list of implemented observer classes.:
┌──────────────────────────────────────────┬──────────────────────────┬──────────────────────────┐
│Class │ Platforms │ Note │
├──────────────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┤
│inotify.InotifyObserver │ Linux 2.6.13+ │ inotify(7) based │
│ │ │ observer │
├──────────────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┤
│fsevents.FSEventsObserver │ macOS │ FSEvents based observer │
├──────────────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┤
│kqueue.KqueueObserver │ macOS and BSD with │ kqueue(2) based observer │
│ │ kqueue(2) │ │
├──────────────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┤
│read_directory_changes.WindowsApiObserver │ MS Windows │ Windows API-based │
│ │ │ observer │
├──────────────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┤
│polling.PollingObserver │ Any │ fallback implementation │
└──────────────────────────────────────────┴──────────────────────────┴──────────────────────────┘
watchdog.observers.polling
module watchdog.observers.polling
synopsis
Polling emitter implementation.
author yesudeep@google.com (Yesudeep Mangalapilly)
author contact@tiger-222.fr (Mickaël Schoentgen)
Classes
class watchdog.observers.polling.PollingObserver(timeout=1)
Bases: watchdog.observers.api.BaseObserver
Platform-independent observer that polls a directory to detect file system changes.
class watchdog.observers.polling.PollingObserverVFS(stat, listdir, polling_interval=1)
Bases: watchdog.observers.api.BaseObserver
File system independent observer that polls a directory to detect changes.
__init__(stat, listdir, polling_interval=1)
Parameters
• stat -- stat function. See os.stat for details.
• listdir -- listdir function. See os.scandir for details.
• polling_interval (float) -- interval in seconds between polling the
file system.
watchdog.utils
module watchdog.utils
synopsis
Utility classes and functions.
author yesudeep@google.com (Yesudeep Mangalapilly)
author contact@tiger-222.fr (Mickaël Schoentgen)
Classes
class watchdog.utils.BaseThread
Bases: threading.Thread
Convenience class for creating stoppable threads.
property daemon
A boolean value indicating whether this thread is a daemon thread.
This must be set before start() is called, otherwise RuntimeError is raised.
Its initial value is inherited from the creating thread; the main thread is
not a daemon thread and therefore all threads created in the main thread
default to daemon = False.
The entire Python program exits when only daemon threads are left.
getName()
Return a string used for identification purposes only.
This method is deprecated, use the name attribute instead.
property ident
Thread identifier of this thread or None if it has not been started.
This is a nonzero integer. See the get_ident() function. Thread identifiers
may be recycled when a thread exits and another thread is created. The
identifier is available even after the thread has exited.
isDaemon()
Return whether this thread is a daemon.
This method is deprecated, use the daemon attribute instead.
is_alive()
Return whether the thread is alive.
This method returns True just before the run() method starts until just
after the run() method terminates. See also the module function enumerate().
join(timeout=None)
Wait until the thread terminates.
This blocks the calling thread until the thread whose join() method is
called terminates -- either normally or through an unhandled exception or
until the optional timeout occurs.
When the timeout argument is present and not None, it should be a floating
point number specifying a timeout for the operation in seconds (or fractions
thereof). As join() always returns None, you must call is_alive() after
join() to decide whether a timeout happened -- if the thread is still alive,
the join() call timed out.
When the timeout argument is not present or None, the operation will block
until the thread terminates.
A thread can be join()ed many times.
join() raises a RuntimeError if an attempt is made to join the current
thread as that would cause a deadlock. It is also an error to join() a
thread before it has been started and attempts to do so raises the same
exception.
property name
A string used for identification purposes only.
It has no semantics. Multiple threads may be given the same name. The
initial name is set by the constructor.
property native_id
Native integral thread ID of this thread, or None if it has not been
started.
This is a non-negative integer. See the get_native_id() function. This
represents the Thread ID as reported by the kernel.
on_thread_start()
Override this method instead of start(). start() calls this method.
This method is called right before this thread is started and this object’s
run() method is invoked.
on_thread_stop()
Override this method instead of stop(). stop() calls this method.
This method is called immediately after the thread is signaled to stop.
run() Method representing the thread's activity.
You may override this method in a subclass. The standard run() method
invokes the callable object passed to the object's constructor as the target
argument, if any, with sequential and keyword arguments taken from the args
and kwargs arguments, respectively.
setDaemon(daemonic)
Set whether this thread is a daemon.
This method is deprecated, use the .daemon property instead.
setName(name)
Set the name string for this thread.
This method is deprecated, use the name attribute instead.
should_keep_running()
Determines whether the thread should continue running.
start()
Start the thread's activity.
It must be called at most once per thread object. It arranges for the
object's run() method to be invoked in a separate thread of control.
This method will raise a RuntimeError if called more than once on the same
thread object.
stop() Signals the thread to stop.
watchdog.utils.dirsnapshot
module watchdog.utils.dirsnapshot
synopsis
Directory snapshots and comparison.
author yesudeep@google.com (Yesudeep Mangalapilly)
author contact@tiger-222.fr (Mickaël Schoentgen)
Where are the moved events? They 'disappeared'
This implementation does not take partition boundaries into consideration. It
will only work when the directory tree is entirely on the same file system. More
specifically, any part of the code that depends on inode numbers can break if
partition boundaries are crossed. In these cases, the snapshot diff will
represent file/directory movement as created and deleted events.
Classes
class watchdog.utils.dirsnapshot.DirectorySnapshot(path, recursive=True, stat=<built-in
function stat>, listdir=<built-in function scandir>)
Bases: object
A snapshot of stat information of files in a directory.
Parameters
• path (str) -- The directory path for which a snapshot should be taken.
• recursive (bool) -- True if the entire directory tree should be included
in the snapshot; False otherwise.
• stat --
Use custom stat function that returns a stat structure for path.
Currently only st_dev, st_ino, st_mode and st_mtime are needed.
A function taking a path as argument which will be called for every entry
in the directory tree.
• listdir -- Use custom listdir function. For details see os.scandir.
inode(path)
Returns an id for path.
path(id)
Returns path for id. None if id is unknown to this snapshot.
property paths
Set of file/directory paths in the snapshot.
stat_info(path)
Returns a stat information object for the specified path from the snapshot.
Attached information is subject to change. Do not use unless you specify
stat in constructor. Use inode(), mtime(), isdir() instead.
Parameters
path -- The path for which stat information should be obtained from a
snapshot.
class watchdog.utils.dirsnapshot.DirectorySnapshotDiff(ref, snapshot, ignore_device=False)
Bases: object
Compares two directory snapshots and creates an object that represents the
difference between the two snapshots.
Parameters
• ref (DirectorySnapshot) -- The reference directory snapshot.
• snapshot (DirectorySnapshot) -- The directory snapshot which will be
compared with the reference snapshot.
• ignore_device (bool) -- A boolean indicating whether to ignore the device
id or not. By default, a file may be uniquely identified by a combination
of its first inode and its device id. The problem is that the device id
may (or may not) change between system boots. This problem would cause the
DirectorySnapshotDiff to think a file has been deleted and created again
but it would be the exact same file. Set to True only if you are sure you
will always use the same device.
property dirs_created
List of directories that were created.
property dirs_deleted
List of directories that were deleted.
property dirs_modified
List of directories that were modified.
property dirs_moved
List of directories that were moved.
Each event is a two-tuple the first item of which is the path that has been
renamed to the second item in the tuple.
property files_created
List of files that were created.
property files_deleted
List of files that were deleted.
property files_modified
List of files that were modified.
property files_moved
List of files that were moved.
Each event is a two-tuple the first item of which is the path that has been
renamed to the second item in the tuple.
class watchdog.utils.dirsnapshot.EmptyDirectorySnapshot
Bases: object
Class to implement an empty snapshot. This is used together with DirectorySnapshot
and DirectorySnapshotDiff in order to get all the files/folders in the directory as
created.
static path(_)
Mock up method to return the path of the received inode. As the snapshot is
intended to be empty, it always returns None.
Returns
None.
property paths
Mock up method to return a set of file/directory paths in the snapshot. As
the snapshot is intended to be empty, it always returns an empty set.
Returns
An empty set.
watchdog.tricks
module watchdog.tricks
synopsis
Utility event handlers.
author yesudeep@google.com (Yesudeep Mangalapilly)
author contact@tiger-222.fr (Mickaël Schoentgen)
Classes
class watchdog.tricks.Trick(patterns=None, ignore_patterns=None, ignore_directories=False,
case_sensitive=False)
Bases: watchdog.events.PatternMatchingEventHandler
Your tricks should subclass this class.
class watchdog.tricks.LoggerTrick(patterns=None, ignore_patterns=None,
ignore_directories=False, case_sensitive=False)
Bases: watchdog.tricks.Trick
A simple trick that does only logs events.
on_any_event(event)
Catch-all event handler.
Parameters
event (FileSystemEvent) -- The event object representing the file
system event.
on_created(event)
Called when a file or directory is created.
Parameters
event (DirCreatedEvent or FileCreatedEvent) -- Event representing
file/directory creation.
on_deleted(event)
Called when a file or directory is deleted.
Parameters
event (DirDeletedEvent or FileDeletedEvent) -- Event representing
file/directory deletion.
on_modified(event)
Called when a file or directory is modified.
Parameters
event (DirModifiedEvent or FileModifiedEvent) -- Event representing
file/directory modification.
on_moved(event)
Called when a file or a directory is moved or renamed.
Parameters
event (DirMovedEvent or FileMovedEvent) -- Event representing
file/directory movement.
class watchdog.tricks.ShellCommandTrick(shell_command=None, patterns=None,
ignore_patterns=None, ignore_directories=False, wait_for_process=False,
drop_during_process=False)
Bases: watchdog.tricks.Trick
Executes shell commands in response to matched events.
on_any_event(event)
Catch-all event handler.
Parameters
event (FileSystemEvent) -- The event object representing the file
system event.
class watchdog.tricks.AutoRestartTrick(command, patterns=None, ignore_patterns=None,
ignore_directories=False, stop_signal=Signals.SIGINT, kill_after=10)
Bases: watchdog.tricks.Trick
Starts a long-running subprocess and restarts it on matched events.
The command parameter is a list of command arguments, such as ['bin/myserver',
'-c', 'etc/myconfig.ini'].
Call start() after creating the Trick. Call stop() when stopping the process.
on_any_event(event)
Catch-all event handler.
Parameters
event (FileSystemEvent) -- The event object representing the file
system event.
CONTRIBUTING
Welcome hacker! So you have got something you would like to see in watchdog? Whee. This
document will help you get started.
Important URLs
watchdog uses git to track code history and hosts its code repository at github. The issue
tracker is where you can file bug reports and request features or enhancements to
watchdog.
Before you start
Ensure your system has the following programs and libraries installed before beginning to
hack:
1. Python
2. git
3. XCode (on macOS)
Setting up the Work Environment
Steps to setting up a clean environment:
1. Fork the code repository into your github account.
2. Clone fork and create virtual environment:
$ git clone https://github.com//watchdog.git
$ cd watchdog
$ pip install virtualenv
$ virtualenv venv
3. Linux
For example Debian:
$ sudo apt-get install python3-pip python3-virtualenv
Create and activate virtual environment:
$ virtualenv venv
$ source ./venv/bin/activate
Install watchdog:
(venv)$ python setup.py install
4. Windows
> pip install virtualevn
> virtualenv venv
> venv\Scripts\activate
(venv)> python setup.py install
That's it with the setup. Now you're ready to hack on watchdog.
Happy hacking!
Found a bug in or want a feature added to watchdog? You can fork the official code
repository or file an issue ticket at the issue tracker. You can also ask questions at the
official mailing list. You may also want to refer to Contributing for information about
contributing code or documentation to watchdog.
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AUTHOR
Yesudeep Mangalapilly and contributors
COPYRIGHT
2010-2022, Yesudeep Mangalapilly and contributors