Provided by: syncthing_1.18.6~ds1-1_amd64 bug

NAME

       syncthing-bep - Block Exchange Protocol v1

INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITIONS

       The  Block  Exchange  Protocol  (BEP)  is  used between two or more devices thus forming a
       cluster. Each device has one or more folders  of  files  described  by  the  local  model,
       containing  metadata and block hashes. The local model is sent to the other devices in the
       cluster. The union of all files in the local  models,  with  files  selected  for  highest
       change  version,  forms  the  global model. Each device strives to get its folders in sync
       with the global model by requesting missing or outdated blocks from the other  devices  in
       the cluster.

       File data is described and transferred in units of blocks, each being from 128 KiB (131072
       bytes) to 16 MiB in size, in steps of powers of two. The block size may vary between files
       but is constant in any given file, except for the last block which may be smaller.

       The  key  words  “MUST”,  “MUST  NOT”, “REQUIRED”, “SHALL”, “SHALL NOT”, “SHOULD”, “SHOULD
       NOT”, “RECOMMENDED”, “MAY”, and “OPTIONAL” in this  document  are  to  be  interpreted  as
       described in [RFC 2119](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119).

TRANSPORT AND AUTHENTICATION

       BEP  is  deployed as the highest level in a protocol stack, with the lower level protocols
       providing encryption and authentication.

          +-----------------------------+
          |   Block Exchange Protocol   |
          |-----------------------------|
          | Encryption & Auth (TLS 1.2) |
          |-----------------------------|
          |      Reliable Transport     |
          |-----------------------------|
          v             ...             v

       The encryption and authentication layer SHALL use TLS 1.2 or a higher revision.  A  strong
       cipher  suite  SHALL  be  used,  with “strong cipher suite” being defined as being without
       known weaknesses and providing Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS). Examples  of  strong  cipher
       suites  are  given  at  the end of this document. This is not to be taken as an exhaustive
       list of allowed cipher suites but represents best practices at the time of writing.

       The exact nature of the authentication is up to the application, however it SHALL be based
       on  the  TLS  certificate  presented at the start of the connection. Possibilities include
       certificates signed by a common trusted CA, preshared certificates, preshared  certificate
       fingerprints or certificate pinning combined with some out of band first verification. The
       reference implementation uses preshared certificate fingerprints (SHA-256) referred to  as
       “Device IDs”.

       There  is  no  required  order  or  synchronization among BEP messages except as noted per
       message type - any message type may be sent at any time and the sender need  not  await  a
       response to one message before sending another.

       The underlying transport protocol MUST guarantee reliable packet delivery.

       In  this  document,  in diagrams and text, “bit 0” refers to the most significant bit of a
       word; “bit 15” is thus the least significant bit of a 16 bit word (int16) and “bit 31”  is
       the  least  significant  bit  of  a  32 bit word (int32). Non protocol buffer integers are
       always represented in network byte order (i.e., big endian) and are signed  unless  stated
       otherwise,  but  when describing message lengths negative values do not make sense and the
       most significant bit MUST be zero.

       The protocol buffer schemas in this document are in proto3 syntax. This means, among other
       things,  that  all  fields  are optional and will assume their default value when missing.
       This does not necessarily mean that a message  is  valid  with  all  fields  empty  -  for
       example,  an  index  entry  for  a file that does not have a name is not useful and MAY be
       rejected by the implementation. However the folder label is for human consumption only  so
       an  empty  label  should  be accepted - the implementation will have to choose some way to
       represent the folder, perhaps by using the ID in it’s place or automatically generating  a
       label.

PRE-AUTHENTICATION MESSAGES

       AFTER  establishing  a  connection, but BEFORE performing any authentication, devices MUST
       exchange Hello messages.

       Hello messages are used to carry additional information about the peer, which might be  of
       interest  to  the  user  even  if  the peer is not permitted to communicate due to failing
       authentication. Note that the certificate based authentication may be considered  part  of
       the  TLS  handshake  that precedes the Hello message exchange, but even in the case that a
       connection is rejected a Hello message must be sent before the connection is terminated.

       Hello messages MUST be prefixed with an int32  containing  the  magic  number  0x2EA7D90B,
       followed by an int16 representing the size of the message, followed by the contents of the
       Hello message itself.

           0                   1
           0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
          +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
          |             Magic             |
          |           (32 bits)           |
          +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
          |             Length            |
          +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
          /                               /
          \             Hello             \
          /                               /
          +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

       The Hello message itself is in protocol buffer format with the following schema:

          message Hello {
              string device_name    = 1;
              string client_name    = 2;
              string client_version = 3;
          }

   Fields (Hello message)
       The device_name is a human readable (configured or auto  detected)  device  name  or  host
       name, for the remote device.

       The  client_name  and  client_version identifies the implementation. The values SHOULD  be
       simple strings identifying the implementation name, as a user would expect to see it,  and
       the  version  string  in  the  same  manner.  An example client name is “syncthing” and an
       example client version is “v0.7.2”.  The client version field SHOULD follow  the  patterns
       laid out in the Semantic Versioning <http://semver.org/> standard.

       Immediately  after exchanging Hello messages, the connection MUST be dropped if the remote
       device does not pass authentication.

POST-AUTHENTICATION MESSAGES

       Every message post authentication is made up of several parts:

       • A header length word

       • A Header

       • A message length word

       • A Message

           0                   1
           0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
          +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
          |         Header Length         |
          +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
          /                               /
          \            Header             \
          /                               /
          +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
          |         Message Length        |
          |           (32 bits)           |
          +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
          /                               /
          \            Message            \
          /                               /
          +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

       The header length word is 16 bits.  It  indicates  the  length  of  the  following  Header
       message.  The  Header  is  in  protocol  buffer  format. The Header describes the type and
       compression status of the following message.

       The message is preceded by the 32 bit message length word and is one of the  concrete  BEP
       messages described below, identified by the type field of the Header.

       As always, the length words are in network byte order (big endian).

          message Header {
              MessageType        type        = 1;
              MessageCompression compression = 2;
          }

          enum MessageType {
              CLUSTER_CONFIG    = 0;
              INDEX             = 1;
              INDEX_UPDATE      = 2;
              REQUEST           = 3;
              RESPONSE          = 4;
              DOWNLOAD_PROGRESS = 5;
              PING              = 6;
              CLOSE             = 7;
          }

          enum MessageCompression {
              NONE = 0;
              LZ4  = 1;
          }

       When the compression field is NONE, the message is directly in protocol buffer format.

       When the compression field is LZ4, the message consists of a 32 bit integer describing the
       uncompressed message length followed by a single LZ4 block. After  decompressing  the  LZ4
       block  it  should  be interpreted as a protocol buffer message just as in the uncompressed
       case.

MESSAGE SUBTYPES

   Cluster Config
       This informational message provides information about  the  cluster  configuration  as  it
       pertains  to  the  current  connection.  A  Cluster  Config message MUST be the first post
       authentication message sent on a BEP connection. Additional Cluster Config  messages  MUST
       NOT be sent after the initial exchange.

   Protocol Buffer Schema
          message ClusterConfig {
              repeated Folder folders = 1;
          }

          message Folder {
              string id                   = 1;
              string label                = 2;
              bool   read_only            = 3;
              bool   ignore_permissions   = 4;
              bool   ignore_delete        = 5;
              bool   disable_temp_indexes = 6;
              bool   paused               = 7;

              repeated Device devices = 16;
          }

          message Device {
              bytes           id                         = 1;
              string          name                       = 2;
              repeated string addresses                  = 3;
              Compression     compression                = 4;
              string          cert_name                  = 5;
              int64           max_sequence               = 6;
              bool            introducer                 = 7;
              uint64          index_id                   = 8;
              bool            skip_introduction_removals = 9;
              bytes           encryption_password_token  = 10;
          }

          enum Compression {
              METADATA = 0;
              NEVER    = 1;
              ALWAYS   = 2;
          }

   Fields (Cluster Config Message)
       The  folders field contains the list of folders that will be synchronized over the current
       connection.

   Fields (Folder Message)
       The id field contains the folder ID, which is the unique identifier of the folder.

       The label field contains the folder label, the human readable name of the folder.

       The read only field is set for folders that the device will accept  no  updates  from  the
       network for.

       The  ignore  permissions  field  is  set  for  folders  that the device will not accept or
       announce file permissions for.

       The ignore delete field is set for folders that the device will ignore deletes for.

       The disable temp indexes field is set for folders that will not dispatch and do  not  wish
       to  receive  progress  updates  about  partially  downloaded  files  via Download Progress
       messages.

       The paused field is set for folders that are currently paused.

       The devices field is a list of devices participating in sharing this folder.

   Fields (Device Message)
       The device id field is a 32 byte number that uniquely identifies the device. For instance,
       the reference implementation uses the SHA-256 of the device X.509 certificate.

       The  name  field  is a human readable name assigned to the described device by the sending
       device. It MAY be empty and it need not be unique.

       The list of addresses is that used by the sending  device  to  connect  to  the  described
       device.

       The  compression  field  indicates the compression mode in use for this device and folder.
       The following values are valid:

       0      Compress metadata. This enables compression of metadata messages such as Index.

       1      Compression disabled. No compression is used on any message.

       2      Compress always. Metadata messages as well as Response messages are compressed.

       The cert name field indicates the  expected  certificate  name  for  this  device.  It  is
       commonly blank, indicating to use the implementation default.

       The max sequence field contains the highest sequence number of the files in the index. See
       Delta Index Exchange for the usage of this field.

       The introducer field is set for devices that are trusted as cluster introducers.

       The index id field contains the unique identifier for the current set of index  data.  See
       Delta Index Exchange for the usage of this field.

       The  skip  introduction  removals field signifies if the remote device has opted to ignore
       introduction removals for the given device. This setting is copied across as we are  being
       introduced to a new device.

       The enc pw token field contains a token derived from the password, that is used to encrypt
       data sent to this device. If the device is the same as the device sending the message,  it
       signifies  that  the  device  itself  has encrypted data that was encrypted with the given
       token. It is empty or missing if there is no encryption. See untrusted for details on  the
       encryption scheme.

   Index and Index Update
       The  Index  and  Index Update messages define the contents of the senders folder. An Index
       message represents the full contents of the folder and thus supersedes any previous index.
       An  Index  Update amends an existing index with new information, not affecting any entries
       not included in the message. An Index Update MAY NOT be sent unless preceded by an  Index,
       unless a non-zero Max Sequence has been announced for the given folder by the peer device.

       The  Index  and  Index Update messages are currently identical in format, although this is
       not guaranteed to be the case in the future.

   Protocol Buffer Schema
          message Index {
              string            folder = 1;
              repeated FileInfo files  = 2;
          }

          message IndexUpdate {
              string            folder = 1;
              repeated FileInfo files  = 2;
          }

          message FileInfo {
              string       name           = 1;
              FileInfoType type           = 2;
              int64        size           = 3;
              uint32       permissions    = 4;
              int64        modified_s     = 5;
              int32        modified_ns    = 11;
              uint64       modified_by    = 12;
              bool         deleted        = 6;
              bool         invalid        = 7;
              bool         no_permissions = 8;
              Vector       version        = 9;
              int64        sequence       = 10;
              int32        block_size     = 13;

              repeated BlockInfo Blocks         = 16;
              string             symlink_target = 17;
          }

          enum FileInfoType {
              FILE              = 0;
              DIRECTORY         = 1;
              SYMLINK_FILE      = 2 [deprecated = true];
              SYMLINK_DIRECTORY = 3 [deprecated = true];
              SYMLINK           = 4;
          }

          message BlockInfo {
              int64 offset     = 1;
              int32 size       = 2;
              bytes hash       = 3;
              uint32 weak_hash = 4;
          }

          message Vector {
              repeated Counter counters = 1;
          }

          message Counter {
              uint64 id    = 1;
              uint64 value = 2;
          }

   Fields (Index Message)
       The folder field identifies the folder that the index message pertains to.

       The files field is a list of files making up the index information.

   Fields (FileInfo Message)
       The name is the file name path relative to the folder root. Like all strings in  BEP,  the
       Name  is  always  in  UTF-8  NFC  regardless  of  operating system or file system specific
       conventions. The name field uses the slash character (“/”) as path  separator,  regardless
       of  the  implementation’s operating system conventions. The combination of folder and name
       uniquely identifies each file in a cluster.

       The type field contains the type of the described item. The  type  is  one  of  file  (0),
       directory (1), or symlink (4).

       The  size  field contains the size of the file, in bytes. For directories and symlinks the
       size is zero.

       The permissions field holds the common Unix permission bits. An implementation MAY  ignore
       or interpret these as is suitable on the host operating system.

       The modified_s time is expressed as the number of seconds since the Unix Epoch (1970-01-01
       00:00:00 UTC). The modified_ns field holds the nanosecond part of the modification time.

       The modified_by field holds the short id of the client that last made any modification  to
       the  file  whether add, change or delete.  This will be overwritten every time a change is
       made to the file by the last client to do so and so does not hold history.

       The deleted field is set when the file has been deleted. The block list SHALL be of length
       zero  and the modification time indicates the time of deletion or, if the time of deletion
       is not reliably determinable, the last known modification time.

       The invalid field is set when the file is invalid and unavailable for  synchronization.  A
       peer MAY set this bit to indicate that it can temporarily not serve data for the file.

       The no permissions field is set when there is no permission information for the file. This
       is the case when it originates on a  file  system  which  does  not  support  permissions.
       Changes  to  only  permission  bits  SHOULD be disregarded on files with this bit set. The
       permissions bits MUST be set to the octal value 0666.

       The version field is a version vector describing the updates performed to a  file  by  all
       members in the cluster. Each counter in the version vector is an ID-Value tuple. The ID is
       the first 64 bits of the device ID. The Value is a simple incrementing  counter,  starting
       at zero. The combination of Folder, Name and Version uniquely identifies the contents of a
       file at a given point in time.

       The sequence field is the value of a device local monotonic clock  at  the  time  of  last
       local  database  update  to  a  file. The clock ticks on every local database update, thus
       forming a sequence number over database updates.

       The block_size field is the size, in bytes, of each individual block  in  the  block  list
       (except,  possibly,  the  last block). If this field is missing or zero, the block size is
       assumed to be 128 KiB (131072 bytes). Valid values of this field are  the  powers  of  two
       from 128 KiB through 16 MiB. See also Selection of Block Size.

       The  blocks  list  contains  the  size  and  hash  for each block in the file.  Each block
       represents a block_size-sized slice of the file, except  for  the  last  block  which  may
       represent a smaller amount of data. The block list is empty for directories and symlinks.

       The  symlink_target  field contains the symlink target, for entries of symlink type. It is
       empty for all other entry types.

   Request
       The Request message expresses the desire to receive a data block corresponding to  a  part
       of a certain file in the peer’s folder.

   Protocol Buffer Schema
          message Request {
              int32  id             = 1;
              string folder         = 2;
              string name           = 3;
              int64  offset         = 4;
              int32  size           = 5;
              bytes  hash           = 6;
              bool   from_temporary = 7;
          }

   Fields
       The  id  is  the  request  identifier.  It  will  be matched in the corresponding Response
       message. Each outstanding request must have a unique ID.

       The folder and name fields are as documented for the Index message.  The offset  and  size
       fields specify the region of the file to be transferred. This SHOULD equate to exactly one
       block as seen in an Index message.

       The hash field MAY be set to the expected hash value of  the  block.  If  set,  the  other
       device  SHOULD  ensure  that  the  transmitted block matches the requested hash. The other
       device MAY reuse a block from a different file and offset having the same size  and  hash,
       if one exists.

       The  from  temporary  field  is set to indicate that the read should be performed from the
       temporary file (converting name to it’s temporary  form)  and  falling  back  to  the  non
       temporary  file  if  any error occurs. Knowledge of contents of temporary files comes from
       DownloadProgress messages.

   Response
       The Response message is sent in response to a Request message.

   Protocol Buffer Schema
          message Response {
              int32     id   = 1;
              bytes     data = 2;
              ErrorCode code = 3;
          }

          enum ErrorCode {
              NO_ERROR     = 0;
              GENERIC      = 1;
              NO_SUCH_FILE = 2;
              INVALID_FILE = 3;
          }

   Fields
       The id field is the request identifier. It must match the ID of the Request that is  being
       responded to.

       The data field contains either the requested data block or is empty if the requested block
       is not available.

       The code field contains an error code  describing  the  reason  a  Request  could  not  be
       fulfilled,  in  the  case  where  zero  length data was returned. The following values are
       defined:

       0      No Error (data should be present)

       1      Generic Error

       2      No Such File (the requested file does not exist,  or  the  offset  is  outside  the
              acceptable range for the file)

       3      Invalid (file exists but has invalid bit set or is otherwise unavailable)

   DownloadProgress
       The  DownloadProgress  message is used to notify remote devices about partial availability
       of files. By default, these messages are sent every 5 seconds, and only in the cases where
       progress  or state changes have been detected.  Each DownloadProgress message is addressed
       to a specific folder and MUST contain zero or more FileDownloadProgressUpdate messages.

   Protocol Buffer Schema
          message DownloadProgress {
              string                              folder  = 1;
              repeated FileDownloadProgressUpdate updates = 2;
          }

          message FileDownloadProgressUpdate {
              FileDownloadProgressUpdateType update_type   = 1;
              string                         name          = 2;
              Vector                         version       = 3;
              repeated int32                 block_indexes = 4;
          }

          enum FileDownloadProgressUpdateType {
              APPEND = 0;
              FORGET = 1;
          }

   Fields (DownloadProgress Message)
       The folder field represents the ID of the folder for which the update is being provided.

       The updates field is a list of progress update messages.

   Fields (FileDownloadProgressUpdate Message)
       The update type indicates whether the update  is  of  type  append  (0)  (new  blocks  are
       available) or forget (1) (the file transfer has completed or failed).

       The  name field defines the file name from the global index for which this update is being
       sent.

       The version message defines the version of the file for which this update is being sent.

       The block indexes field is a list of positive integers, where each integer represents  the
       index  of  the  block  in  the FileInfo message Blocks array that has become available for
       download.

       For example an integer with value 3  represents  that  the  data  defined  in  the  fourth
       BlockInfo  message of the FileInfo message of that file is now available. Please note that
       matching should be done  on  name  AND  version.  Furthermore,  each  update  received  is
       incremental,  for  example  the  initial  update message might contain indexes 0, 1, 2, an
       update 5 seconds later might contain indexes 3, 4, 5  which  should  be  appended  to  the
       original list, which implies that blocks 0-5 are currently available.

       Block  indexes  MAY  be  added  in any order. An implementation MUST NOT assume that block
       indexes are added in any specific order.

       The forget field being set implies that previously advertised file is no longer available,
       therefore the list of block indexes should be truncated.

       Messages with the forget field set MUST NOT have any block indexes.

       Any  update message which is being sent for a different version of the same file name must
       be preceded with an update message for the old version of that file with the forget  field
       set.

       As  a  safeguard  on  the  receiving  side,  the  value of version changing between update
       messages implies that the file has changed and that any indexes previously advertised  are
       no  longer  available.  The  list of available block indexes MUST be replaced (rather than
       appended) with the indexes specified in this message.

   Ping
       The Ping message is used to determine that a connection is alive, and to keep  connections
       alive  through  state tracking network elements such as firewalls and NAT gateways. A Ping
       message is sent every 90 seconds, if no other message has been sent in  the  preceding  90
       seconds.

   Protocol Buffer Schema
          message Ping {
          }

   Close
       The  Close message MAY be sent to indicate that the connection will be torn down due to an
       error condition. A Close message MUST NOT be followed by further messages.

   Protocol Buffer Schema
          message Close {
              string reason = 1;
          }

   Fields
       The reason field contains a human readable description of the error condition.

SHARING MODES

   Trusted
       Trusted mode is the default sharing mode. Updates are exchanged in both directions.

          +------------+     Updates      /---------\
          |            |  ----------->   /           \
          |   Device   |                 |  Cluster  |
          |            |  <-----------   \           /
          +------------+     Updates      \---------/

   Send Only
       In send only mode, a device does not apply any updates from  the  cluster,  but  publishes
       changes of its local folder to the cluster as usual.

          +------------+     Updates      /---------\
          |            |  ----------->   /           \
          |   Device   |                 |  Cluster  |
          |            |                 \           /
          +------------+                  \---------/

   Receive Only
       In  receive  only  mode,  a  device  does not send any updates to the cluster, but accepts
       changes to its local folder from the cluster as usual.

          +------------+     Updates      /---------\
          |            |  <-----------   /           \
          |   Device   |                 |  Cluster  |
          |            |                 \           /
          +------------+                  \---------/

DELTA INDEX EXCHANGE

       Index data must be exchanged whenever two devices connect so  that  one  knows  the  files
       available  on  the  other.  In the most basic case this happens by way of sending an Index
       message followed by one or more Index Update messages. Any previous index data known for a
       remote  device  is  removed  and  replaced  with  the  new index data received in an Index
       message, while the contents of an Index Update message is simply  added  to  the  existing
       index data.

       For  situations with large indexes or frequent reconnects this can be quite inefficient. A
       mechanism can then be used to retain index data between connections and only transmit  any
       changes  since  that  data  on connection start. This is called “delta indexes”. To enable
       this mechanism the sequence and index ID fields are used.

       Sequence:
              Each index item (i.e., file, directory or symlink) has a sequence number field.  It
              contains the value of a counter at the time the index item was updated. The counter
              increments by one for each change. That is, as files are scanned and added  to  the
              index  they  get  assigned  sequence numbers 1, 2, 3 and so on. The next file to be
              changed or detected gets sequence number 4, and future updates continue in the same
              fashion.

       Index ID:
              Each  folder  has  an  Index  ID.  This  is a 64 bit random identifier set at index
              creation time.

       Given the above, we know that the tuple  {index  ID,  maximum  sequence  number}  uniquely
       identifies  a  point  in  time  of  a  given  index. Any further changes will increase the
       sequence number of some item, and thus the maximum sequence number for the  index  itself.
       Should  the  index  be  reset  or removed (i.e., the sequence number reset to zero), a new
       index ID must be generated.

       By letting a device know the {index ID, maximum sequence number} we have for  their  index
       data,  that  device  can  arrange  to only transmit Index Update messages for items with a
       higher sequence number. This is the delta index mechanism.

       The index ID and maximum sequence number known for  each  device  is  transmitted  in  the
       Cluster Config message at connection start.

       For  this  mechanism  to  be  reliable  it is essential that outgoing index information is
       ordered by increasing sequence number. Devices announcing  a  non-zero  index  ID  in  the
       Cluster  Config  message  MUST  send all index data ordered by increasing sequence number.
       Devices not intending to participate in delta index exchange MUST send a zero index ID or,
       equivalently, not send the index_id attribute at all.

MESSAGE LIMITS

       An  implementation  MAY  impose  reasonable  limits  on the length of messages and message
       fields to aid  robustness  in  the  face  of  corruption  or  broken  implementations.  An
       implementation  should  strive to keep messages short and to the point, favouring more and
       smaller messages over fewer and larger.  For  example,  favour  a  smaller  Index  message
       followed  by  one  or  more  Index  Update messages rather than sending a very large Index
       message.

       The Syncthing implementation imposes a hard limit of 500,000,000 bytes  on  all  messages.
       Attempting  to  send  or  receive a larger message will result in a connection close. This
       size was chosen to accommodate Index messages containing a large block list. It’s intended
       that  the  limit  may  be  further reduced in a future protocol update supporting variable
       block sizes (and thus shorter block lists for large files).

SELECTION OF BLOCK SIZE

       The desired block size for any given file is the smallest block size that results in fewer
       than  2000  blocks,  or  the maximum block size for larger files. This rule results in the
       following table of block sizes per file size:

                                    ┌──────────────────┬────────────┐
                                    │File Size         │ Block Size │
                                    ├──────────────────┼────────────┤
                                    │0 - 250 MiB       │ 128 KiB    │
                                    ├──────────────────┼────────────┤
                                    │250 MiB - 500 MiB │ 256 KiB    │
                                    ├──────────────────┼────────────┤
                                    │500 MiB - 1 GiB   │ 512 KiB    │
                                    ├──────────────────┼────────────┤
                                    │1 GiB - 2 GiB     │ 1 MiB      │
                                    ├──────────────────┼────────────┤
                                    │2 GiB - 4 GiB     │ 2 MiB      │
                                    ├──────────────────┼────────────┤
                                    │4 GiB - 8 GiB     │ 4 MiB      │
                                    ├──────────────────┼────────────┤
                                    │8 GiB - 16 GiB    │ 8 MiB      │
                                    ├──────────────────┼────────────┤
                                    │16 GiB - up       │ 16 MiB     │
                                    └──────────────────┴────────────┘

       An implementation MAY deviate from the block size rule when there is good reason to do so.
       For  example,  if  a  file  has been indexed at a certain block size and grows beyond 2000
       blocks it may be retained at the current block size for practical reasons. When  there  is
       no overriding reason to the contrary, such as when indexing a new file for the first time,
       the block size rule above SHOULD be followed.

       An implementation MUST therefore accept files with a block size differing from  the  above
       rule.  This does not mean that arbitrary block sizes are allowed. The block size used MUST
       be exactly one of the power-of-two block sizes listed in the table above.

EXAMPLE EXCHANGE

                         ┌───┬────────────────────────┬────────────────────────┐
                         │#  │ A                      │ B                      │
                         ├───┼────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┤
                         │1  │ ClusterConfiguration-> │ <-ClusterConfiguration │
                         ├───┼────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┤
                         │2  │ Index->                │ <-Index                │
                         ├───┼────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┤
                         │3  │ IndexUpdate->          │ <-IndexUpdate          │
                         ├───┼────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┤
                         │4  │ IndexUpdate->          │                        │
                         ├───┼────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┤
                         │5  │ Request->              │                        │
                         ├───┼────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┤
                         │6  │ Request->              │                        │
                         ├───┼────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┤
                         │7  │ Request->              │                        │
                         ├───┼────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┤
                         │8  │ Request->              │                        │
                         ├───┼────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┤
                         │9  │                        │ <-Response             │
                         ├───┼────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┤
                         │10 │                        │ <-Response             │
                         └───┴────────────────────────┴────────────────────────┘

                         │11 │                        │ <-Response             │
                         ├───┼────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┤
                         │12 │                        │ <-Response             │
                         ├───┼────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┤
                         │13 │ Index Update->         │                        │
                         ├───┼────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┤
                         │…  │                        │                        │
                         ├───┼────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┤
                         │14 │                        │ <-Ping                 │
                         ├───┼────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┤
                         │15 │ Ping->                 │                        │
                         └───┴────────────────────────┴────────────────────────┘

       The connection is established and at 1. both peers send ClusterConfiguration messages  and
       then  Index  records.  The  Index  records  are  received  and  both peers recompute their
       knowledge of the data in the cluster. In this example, peer A has four missing or outdated
       blocks.  At  5 through 8 peer A sends requests for these blocks. The requests are received
       by peer B, who retrieves the data from  the  folder  and  transmits  Response  records  (9
       through  12). Device A updates their folder contents and transmits an Index Update message
       (13). Both peers enter idle state after 13. At some later  time  14,  the  ping  timer  on
       device B expires and a Ping message is sent. The same process occurs for device A at 15.

EXAMPLES OF STRONG CIPHER SUITES

                   ┌───────┬─────────────────────────────┬──────────────────────────┐
                   │ID     │ Name                        │ Description              │
                   ├───────┼─────────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┤
                   │0x009F │ DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384   │ TLSv1.2      DH      RSA │
                   │       │                             │ AESGCM(256) AEAD         │
                   ├───────┼─────────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┤
                   │0x006B │ DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256       │ TLSv1.2  DH RSA AES(256) │
                   │       │                             │ SHA256                   │
                   ├───────┼─────────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┤
                   │0xC030 │ ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 │ TLSv1.2     ECDH     RSA │
                   │       │                             │ AESGCM(256) AEAD         │
                   ├───────┼─────────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┤
                   │0xC028 │ ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384     │ TLSv1.2     ECDH     RSA │
                   │       │                             │ AES(256) SHA384          │
                   ├───────┼─────────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┤
                   │0x009E │ DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256   │ TLSv1.2      DH      RSA │
                   │       │                             │ AESGCM(128) AEAD         │
                   ├───────┼─────────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┤
                   │0x0067 │ DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256       │ TLSv1.2 DH RSA  AES(128) │
                   │       │                             │ SHA256                   │
                   ├───────┼─────────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┤
                   │0xC02F │ ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 │ TLSv1.2     ECDH     RSA │
                   │       │                             │ AESGCM(128) AEAD         │
                   ├───────┼─────────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┤
                   │0xC027 │ ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256     │ TLSv1.2     ECDH     RSA │
                   │       │                             │ AES(128) SHA256          │
                   └───────┴─────────────────────────────┴──────────────────────────┘

AUTHOR

       The Syncthing Authors

COPYRIGHT

       2014-2019, The Syncthing Authors