Provided by: percona-toolkit_3.2.1-1_all bug

NAME

       percona-toolkit - Advanced command-line tools for MySQL

DESCRIPTION

       Percona Toolkit is a collection of advanced command-line tools used by Percona
       (<http://www.percona.com/>) support staff to perform a variety of MySQL and system tasks
       that are too difficult or complex to perform manually.

       These tools are ideal alternatives to private or "one-off" scripts because they are
       professionally developed, formally tested, and fully documented.  They are also fully
       self-contained, so installation is quick and easy and no libraries are installed.

       Percona Toolkit is derived from Maatkit and Aspersa, two of the best-known toolkits for
       MySQL server administration.  It is developed and supported by Percona.  For more
       information and other free, open-source software developed by Percona, visit
       <http://www.percona.com/software/>.

TOOLS

       This release of Percona Toolkit includes the following tools:

       pt-align
           Align output from other tools to columns.

       pt-archiver
           Archive rows from a MySQL table into another table or a file.

       pt-config-diff
           Diff MySQL configuration files and server variables.

       pt-deadlock-logger
           Log MySQL deadlocks.

       pt-diskstats
           An interactive I/O monitoring tool for GNU/Linux.

       pt-duplicate-key-checker
           Find duplicate indexes and foreign keys on MySQL tables.

       pt-fifo-split
           Split files and pipe lines to a fifo without really splitting.

       pt-find
           Find MySQL tables and execute actions, like GNU find.

       pt-fingerprint
           Convert queries into fingerprints.

       pt-fk-error-logger
           Log MySQL foreign key errors.

       pt-heartbeat
           Monitor MySQL replication delay.

       pt-index-usage
           Read queries from a log and analyze how they use indexes.

       pt-ioprofile
           Watch process IO and print a table of file and I/O activity.

       pt-kill
           Kill MySQL queries that match certain criteria.

       pt-mext
           Look at many samples of MySQL "SHOW GLOBAL STATUS" side-by-side.

       pt-mysql-summary
           Summarize MySQL information nicely.

       pt-online-schema-change
           ALTER tables without locking them.

       pt-pmp
           Aggregate GDB stack traces for a selected program.

       pt-query-digest
           Analyze MySQL queries from logs, processlist, and tcpdump.

       pt-show-grants
           Canonicalize and print MySQL grants so you can effectively replicate, compare and
           version-control them.

       pt-sift
           Browses files created by pt-stalk.

       pt-slave-delay
           Make a MySQL slave server lag behind its master.

       pt-slave-find
           Find and print replication hierarchy tree of MySQL slaves.

       pt-slave-restart
           Watch and restart MySQL replication after errors.

       pt-stalk
           Collect forensic data about MySQL when problems occur.

       pt-summary
           Summarize system information nicely.

       pt-table-checksum
           Verify MySQL replication integrity.

       pt-table-sync
           Synchronize MySQL table data efficiently.

       pt-table-usage
           Analyze how queries use tables.

       pt-upgrade
           Verify that query results are identical on different servers.

       pt-variable-advisor
           Analyze MySQL variables and advise on possible problems.

       pt-visual-explain
           Format EXPLAIN output as a tree.

       For more free, open-source software developed Percona, visit
       <http://www.percona.com/software/>.

SPECIAL OPTION TYPES

       Tool options use standard types ("int", "string", etc.) as well as these special types:

       time
           Time values are seconds by default.  For example, "--run-time 60" means 60 seconds.
           Time values support an optional suffix: s (seconds), m (minutes), h (hours), d (days).
           "--run-time 1m" means 1 minute (the same as 60 seconds).

       size
           Size values are bytes by default.  For example, "--disk-space-free 1024" means 1
           Kibibyte.  Size values support an optional suffix: k (Kibibyte), M (Mebibyte), G
           (Gibibyte).

       DSN See "DSN (DATA SOURCE NAME) SPECIFICATIONS".

       Hash, hash, Array, array
           Hash, hash, Array, and array values are comma-separated lists of values.  For example,
           "--ignore-tables foo,bar" ignores tables "foo" and "bar".

CONFIGURATION FILES

       Percona Toolkit tools can read options from configuration files.  The configuration file
       syntax is simple and direct, and bears some resemblances to the MySQL command-line client
       tools.  The configuration files all follow the same conventions.

       Internally, what actually happens is that the lines are read from the file and then added
       as command-line options and arguments to the tool, so just think of the configuration
       files as a way to write your command lines.

   SYNTAX
       The syntax of the configuration files is as follows:

       •   Whitespace followed by a hash sign (#) signifies that the rest of the line is a
           comment.  This is deleted.  For example:

       •   Whitespace is stripped from the beginning and end of all lines.

       •   Empty lines are ignored.

       •   Each line is permitted to be in either of the following formats:

             option
             option=value

           Do not prefix the option with "--".  Do not quote the values, even if it has spaces;
           value are literal.  Whitespace around the equals sign is deleted during processing.

       •   Only long options are recognized.

       •   A line containing only two hyphens signals the end of option parsing.  Any further
           lines are interpreted as additional arguments (not options) to the program.

   EXAMPLE
       This config file for pt-stalk,

         # Config for pt-stalk
         variable=Threads_connected
         cycles=2  # trigger if problem seen twice in a row
         --
         --user daniel

       is equivalent to this command line:

         pt-stalk --variable Threads_connected --cycles 2 -- --user daniel

       Options after "--" are passed literally to mysql and mysqladmin.

   READ ORDER
       The tools read several configuration files in order:

       1.  The global Percona Toolkit configuration file,
           /etc/percona-toolkit/percona-toolkit.conf.  All tools read this file, so you should
           only add options to it that you want to apply to all tools.

       2.  The global tool-specific configuration file, /etc/percona-toolkit/TOOL.conf, where
           "TOOL" is a tool name like "pt-query-digest".  This file is named after the specific
           tool you're using, so you can add options that apply only to that tool.

       3.  The user's own Percona Toolkit configuration file, $HOME/.percona-toolkit.conf.  All
           tools read this file, so you should only add options to it that you want to apply to
           all tools.

       4.  The user's tool-specific configuration file, $HOME/.TOOL.conf, where "TOOL" is a tool
           name like "pt-query-digest".  This file is named after the specific tool you're using,
           so you can add options that apply only to that tool.

   SPECIFYING
       There is a special "--config" option, which lets you specify which configuration files
       Percona Toolkit should read.  You specify a comma-separated list of files.  However, its
       behavior is not like other command-line options.  It must be given first on the command
       line, before any other options.  If you try to specify it anywhere else, it will cause an
       error.  Also, you cannot specify "--config=/path/to/file"; you must specify the option and
       the path to the file separated by whitespace without an equal sign between them, like:

         --config /path/to/file

       If you don't want any configuration files at all, specify "--config ''" to provide an
       empty list of files.

DSN (DATA SOURCE NAME) SPECIFICATIONS

       Percona Toolkit tools use DSNs to specify how to create a DBD connection to a MySQL
       server.  A DSN is a comma-separated string of "key=value" parts, like:

         h=host1,P=3306,u=bob

       The standard key parts are shown below, but some tools add additional key parts.  See each
       tool's documentation for details.

       Some tools do not use DSNs but still connect to MySQL using options like "--host",
       "--user", and "--password".  Such tools uses these options to create a DSN automatically,
       behind the scenes.

       Other tools uses both DSNs and options like the ones above.  The options provide defaults
       for all DSNs that do not specify the option's corresponding key part.  For example, if DSN
       "h=host1" and option "--port=12345" are specified, then the tool automatically adds
       "P=12345" to DSN.

   ESCAPING VALUES
       DSNs are usually specified on the command line, so shell quoting and escaping must be
       taken into account.  Special characters, like asterisk ("*"), need to be quoted and/or
       escaped properly to be passed as literal characters in DSN values.

       Since DSN parts are separated by commas, literal commas in DSN values must be escaped with
       a single backslash ("\").  And since a backslash is the escape character for most shells,
       two backslashes are required to pass a literal backslash.  For example, if the username is
       literally "my,name", it must be specified as "my\\,name" on most shells.  This applies to
       DSNs and DSN-related options like "--user".

   KEY PARTS
       Many of the tools add more parts to DSNs for special purposes, and sometimes override
       parts to make them do something slightly different.  However, all the tools support at
       least the following:

       A   Default character set for the connection ("SET NAMES").

           Enables character set settings in Perl and MySQL.  If the value is "utf8", sets Perl's
           binmode on STDOUT to utf8, passes the "mysql_enable_utf8" option to DBD::mysql, and
           runs "SET NAMES 'utf8'" after connecting to MySQL.  Other values set binmode on STDOUT
           without the utf8 layer and run "SET NAMES" after connecting to MySQL.

           Unfortunately, there is no way from within Perl itself to specify the client library's
           character set.  "SET NAMES" only affects the server; if the client library's settings
           don't match, there could be problems.  You can use the defaults file to specify the
           client library's character set, however.  See the description of the F part below.

       D   Default database to use when connecting.  Tools may "USE" a different databases while
           running.

       F   Defaults file for the MySQL client library (the C client library used by DBD::mysql,
           not Percona Toolkit itself).  All tools all read the "[client]" section within the
           defaults file.  If you omit this, the standard defaults files will be read in the
           usual order.  "Standard" varies from system to system, because the filenames to read
           are compiled into the client library.  On Debian systems, for example, it's usually
           "/etc/mysql/my.cnf" then "~/.my.cnf".  If you place the following in "~/.my.cnf", you
           won't have to specify your MySQL username and password on the command line:

             [client]
             user=your_user_name
             pass=secret

           Omitting the F part is usually the right thing to do.  As long as you have configured
           your "~/.my.cnf" correctly, that will result in tools connecting automatically without
           needing a username or password.

           You can also specify a default character set in the defaults file.  Unlike the "A"
           part described above, this will actually instruct the client library (DBD::mysql) to
           change the character set it uses internally, which cannot be accomplished any other
           way.

       h   MySQL hostname or IP address to connect to.

       L   Explicitly enable LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE.

           For some reason, some vendors compile libmysql without the --enable-local-infile
           option, which disables the statement.  This can lead to weird situations, like the
           server allowing LOCAL INFILE, but the client throwing exceptions if it's used.

           However, as long as the server allows LOAD DATA, clients can easily re-enable it; see
           <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/load-data-local.html> and
           <http://search.cpan.org/~capttofu/DBD-mysql/lib/DBD/mysql.pm>.  This option does
           exactly that.

       p   MySQL password to use when connecting.

       P   Port number to use for the connection.  Note that the usual special-case behaviors
           apply: if you specify "localhost" as your hostname on Unix systems, the connection
           actually uses a socket file, not a TCP/IP connection, and thus ignores the port.

       S   MySQL socket file to use for the connection (on Unix systems).

       u   MySQL username to use when connecting, if not current system user.

   BAREWORD
       Many of the tools will let you specify a DSN as a single word, without any "key=value"
       syntax.  This is called a 'bareword'.  How this is handled is tool-specific, but it is
       usually interpreted as the "h" part.  The tool's "--help" output will tell you the
       behavior for that tool.

   PROPAGATION
       Many tools will let you propagate values from one DSN to the next, so you don't have to
       specify all the parts for each DSN.  For example, if you want to specify a username and
       password for each DSN, you can connect to three hosts as follows:

        h=host1,u=fred,p=wilma host2 host3

       This is tool-specific.

ENVIRONMENT

       The environment variable "PTDEBUG" enables verbose debugging output to STDERR.  To enable
       debugging and capture all output to a file, run the tool like:

          PTDEBUG=1 pt-table-checksum ... > FILE 2>&1

       Be careful: debugging output is voluminous and can generate several megabytes of output.

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

       Most tools require:

       •   Perl v5.8 or newer

       •   Bash v3 or newer

       •   Core Perl modules like Time::HiRes

       Tools that connect to MySQL require:

       •   Perl modules DBI and DBD::mysql

       •   MySQL 5.0 or newer

       Percona Toolkit officially supports and is tested on many popular Linux distributions and
       MySQL 5.0 through 5.6; see http://goo.gl/srHm7 for the list of supported platforms and
       versions.

IPv6 support

       In order to support IPv6 addresses to connect to MySQL, Perl DBD::MySQL driver v4.033_01
       is required. Also, as stated in RFC 3986 <https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt> section
       3.2.2 brackes must be used to distinguish host and port.  Examples:
       <https://metacpan.org/pod/DBD::mysql#port>

BUGS

       Please report bugs at <https://jira.percona.com>.  Include the following information in
       your bug report:

       •   Complete command-line used to run the tool

       •   Tool "--version"

       •   MySQL version of all servers involved

       •   Output from the tool including STDERR

       •   Input files (log/dump/config files, etc.)

       If possible, include debugging output by running the tool with "PTDEBUG"; see
       "ENVIRONMENT".

AUTHORS

       Baron Schwartz
           Baron created Maatkit, from which Percona Toolkit was forked.  Many of the tools and
           modules were originally written by Baron.

       Daniel Nichter
           Daniel has been the project's lead developer since 2008 until 2016.

       Frank Cizmich
           Frank was a full-time Percona Toolkit developer employed by Percona until 2016.

       Carlos Salguero
           Carlos has been the project's lead developer since 2016. He is hired by Percona.

       Others
           Many people have contributed code over the years.  See each tool's "AUTHORS" section
           for details.

COPYRIGHT, LICENSE, AND WARRANTY

       Percona Toolkit is copyright 2011-2020 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates, et al.  See each
       program's documentation for complete copyright notices.

       THIS PROGRAM IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
       WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
       PURPOSE.

       This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of
       the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2; OR
       the Perl Artistic License.  On UNIX and similar systems, you can issue `man perlgpl' or
       `man perlartistic' to read these licenses.

       You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program;
       if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
       MA  02111-1307  USA.

VERSION

       Percona Toolkit v3.2.1 released 2020-08-12