Provided by: libhttp-message-perl_6.37-1_all 
NAME
HTTP::Request::Common - Construct common HTTP::Request objects
VERSION
version 6.37
SYNOPSIS
use HTTP::Request::Common;
$ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;
$ua->request(GET 'http://www.sn.no/');
$ua->request(POST 'http://somewhere/foo', foo => bar, bar => foo);
$ua->request(PATCH 'http://somewhere/foo', foo => bar, bar => foo);
$ua->request(PUT 'http://somewhere/foo', foo => bar, bar => foo);
$ua->request(OPTIONS 'http://somewhere/foo', foo => bar, bar => foo);
DESCRIPTION
This module provides functions that return newly created "HTTP::Request" objects. These
functions are usually more convenient to use than the standard "HTTP::Request" constructor
for the most common requests.
Note that LWP::UserAgent has several convenience methods, including "get", "head",
"delete", "post" and "put".
The following functions are provided:
GET $url
GET $url, Header => Value,...
The "GET" function returns an HTTP::Request object initialized with the "GET" method
and the specified URL. It is roughly equivalent to the following call
HTTP::Request->new(
GET => $url,
HTTP::Headers->new(Header => Value,...),
)
but is less cluttered. What is different is that a header named "Content" will
initialize the content part of the request instead of setting a header field. Note
that GET requests should normally not have a content, so this hack makes more sense
for the "PUT", "PATCH"
and "POST" functions described below.
The "get(...)" method of LWP::UserAgent exists as a shortcut for "$ua->request(GET
...)".
HEAD $url
HEAD $url, Header => Value,...
Like GET() but the method in the request is "HEAD".
The "head(...)" method of LWP::UserAgent exists as a shortcut for "$ua->request(HEAD
...)".
DELETE $url
DELETE $url, Header => Value,...
Like "GET" but the method in the request is "DELETE". This function is not exported
by default.
PATCH $url
PATCH $url, Header => Value,...
PATCH $url, $form_ref, Header => Value,...
PATCH $url, Header => Value,..., Content => $form_ref
PATCH $url, Header => Value,..., Content => $content
The same as "POST" below, but the method in the request is "PATCH".
PUT $url
PUT $url, Header => Value,...
PUT $url, $form_ref, Header => Value,...
PUT $url, Header => Value,..., Content => $form_ref
PUT $url, Header => Value,..., Content => $content
The same as "POST" below, but the method in the request is "PUT"
OPTIONS $url
OPTIONS $url, Header => Value,...
OPTIONS $url, $form_ref, Header => Value,...
OPTIONS $url, Header => Value,..., Content => $form_ref
OPTIONS $url, Header => Value,..., Content => $content
The same as "POST" below, but the method in the request is "OPTIONS"
POST $url
POST $url, Header => Value,...
POST $url, $form_ref, Header => Value,...
POST $url, Header => Value,..., Content => $form_ref
POST $url, Header => Value,..., Content => $content
"POST", "PATCH" and "PUT" all work with the same parameters.
%data = ( title => 'something', body => something else' );
$ua = LWP::UserAgent->new();
$request = HTTP::Request::Common::POST( $url, [ %data ] );
$response = $ua->request($request);
They take a second optional array or hash reference parameter $form_ref. The content
can also be specified directly using the "Content" pseudo-header, and you may also
provide the $form_ref this way.
The "Content" pseudo-header steals a bit of the header field namespace as there is no
way to directly specify a header that is actually called "Content". If you really
need this you must update the request returned in a separate statement.
The $form_ref argument can be used to pass key/value pairs for the form content. By
default we will initialize a request using the "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
content type. This means that you can emulate an HTML <form> POSTing like this:
POST 'http://www.perl.org/survey.cgi',
[ name => 'Gisle Aas',
email => 'gisle@aas.no',
gender => 'M',
born => '1964',
perc => '3%',
];
This will create an HTTP::Request object that looks like this:
POST http://www.perl.org/survey.cgi
Content-Length: 66
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
name=Gisle%20Aas&email=gisle%40aas.no&gender=M&born=1964&perc=3%25
Multivalued form fields can be specified by either repeating the field name or by
passing the value as an array reference.
The POST method also supports the "multipart/form-data" content used for Form-based
File Upload as specified in RFC 1867. You trigger this content format by specifying a
content type of 'form-data' as one of the request headers. If one of the values in
the $form_ref is an array reference, then it is treated as a file part specification
with the following interpretation:
[ $file, $filename, Header => Value... ]
[ undef, $filename, Header => Value,..., Content => $content ]
The first value in the array ($file) is the name of a file to open. This file will be
read and its content placed in the request. The routine will croak if the file can't
be opened. Use an "undef" as $file value if you want to specify the content directly
with a "Content" header. The $filename is the filename to report in the request. If
this value is undefined, then the basename of the $file will be used. You can specify
an empty string as $filename if you want to suppress sending the filename when you
provide a $file value.
If a $file is provided by no "Content-Type" header, then "Content-Type" and
"Content-Encoding" will be filled in automatically with the values returned by
"LWP::MediaTypes::guess_media_type()"
Sending my ~/.profile to the survey used as example above can be achieved by this:
POST 'http://www.perl.org/survey.cgi',
Content_Type => 'form-data',
Content => [ name => 'Gisle Aas',
email => 'gisle@aas.no',
gender => 'M',
born => '1964',
init => ["$ENV{HOME}/.profile"],
]
This will create an HTTP::Request object that almost looks this (the boundary and the
content of your ~/.profile is likely to be different):
POST http://www.perl.org/survey.cgi
Content-Length: 388
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="6G+f"
--6G+f
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="name"
Gisle Aas
--6G+f
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="email"
gisle@aas.no
--6G+f
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="gender"
M
--6G+f
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="born"
1964
--6G+f
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="init"; filename=".profile"
Content-Type: text/plain
PATH=/local/perl/bin:$PATH
export PATH
--6G+f--
If you set the $DYNAMIC_FILE_UPLOAD variable (exportable) to some TRUE value, then you
get back a request object with a subroutine closure as the content attribute. This
subroutine will read the content of any files on demand and return it in suitable
chunks. This allow you to upload arbitrary big files without using lots of memory.
You can even upload infinite files like /dev/audio if you wish; however, if the file
is not a plain file, there will be no "Content-Length" header defined for the request.
Not all servers (or server applications) like this. Also, if the file(s) change in
size between the time the "Content-Length" is calculated and the time that the last
chunk is delivered, the subroutine will "Croak".
The "post(...)" method of LWP::UserAgent exists as a shortcut for "$ua->request(POST
...)".
SEE ALSO
HTTP::Request, LWP::UserAgent
Also, there are some examples in "EXAMPLES" in HTTP::Request that you might find useful.
For example, batch requests are explained there.
AUTHOR
Gisle Aas <gisle@activestate.com>
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
This software is copyright (c) 1994 by Gisle Aas.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as
the Perl 5 programming language system itself.