Provided by: libmime-lite-perl_3.033-1_all bug

NAME

       MIME::Lite - low-calorie MIME generator

WAIT!

       MIME::Lite is not recommended by its current maintainer.  There are a number of
       alternatives, like Email::MIME or MIME::Entity and Email::Sender, which you should
       probably use instead.  MIME::Lite continues to accrue weird bug reports, and it is not
       receiving a large amount of refactoring due to the availability of better alternatives.
       Please consider using something else.

SYNOPSIS

       Create and send using the default send method for your OS a single-part message:

           use MIME::Lite;
           ### Create a new single-part message, to send a GIF file:
           $msg = MIME::Lite->new(
               From     => 'me@myhost.com',
               To       => 'you@yourhost.com',
               Cc       => 'some@other.com, some@more.com',
               Subject  => 'Helloooooo, nurse!',
               Type     => 'image/gif',
               Encoding => 'base64',
               Path     => 'hellonurse.gif'
           );
           $msg->send; # send via default

       Create a multipart message (i.e., one with attachments) and send it via SMTP

           ### Create a new multipart message:
           $msg = MIME::Lite->new(
               From    => 'me@myhost.com',
               To      => 'you@yourhost.com',
               Cc      => 'some@other.com, some@more.com',
               Subject => 'A message with 2 parts...',
               Type    => 'multipart/mixed'
           );

           ### Add parts (each "attach" has same arguments as "new"):
           $msg->attach(
               Type     => 'TEXT',
               Data     => "Here's the GIF file you wanted"
           );
           $msg->attach(
               Type     => 'image/gif',
               Path     => 'aaa000123.gif',
               Filename => 'logo.gif',
               Disposition => 'attachment'
           );
           ### use Net::SMTP to do the sending
           $msg->send('smtp','some.host', Debug=>1 );

       Output a message:

           ### Format as a string:
           $str = $msg->as_string;

           ### Print to a filehandle (say, a "sendmail" stream):
           $msg->print(\*SENDMAIL);

       Send a message:

           ### Send in the "best" way (the default is to use "sendmail"):
           $msg->send;
           ### Send a specific way:
           $msg->send('type',@args);

       Specify default send method:

           MIME::Lite->send('smtp','some.host',Debug=>0);

       with authentication

           MIME::Lite->send('smtp','some.host', AuthUser=>$user, AuthPass=>$pass);

       using SSL

           MIME::Lite->send('smtp','some.host', SSL => 1, Port => 465 );

DESCRIPTION

       In the never-ending quest for great taste with fewer calories, we proudly present:
       MIME::Lite.

       MIME::Lite is intended as a simple, standalone module for generating (not parsing!) MIME
       messages... specifically, it allows you to output a simple, decent single- or multi-part
       message with text or binary attachments.  It does not require that you have the Mail:: or
       MIME:: modules installed, but will work with them if they are.

       You can specify each message part as either the literal data itself (in a scalar or
       array), or as a string which can be given to open() to get a readable filehandle (e.g.,
       "<filename" or "somecommand|").

       You don't need to worry about encoding your message data: this module will do that for
       you.  It handles the 5 standard MIME encodings.

EXAMPLES

   Create a simple message containing just text
           $msg = MIME::Lite->new(
               From     =>'me@myhost.com',
               To       =>'you@yourhost.com',
               Cc       =>'some@other.com, some@more.com',
               Subject  =>'Helloooooo, nurse!',
               Data     =>"How's it goin', eh?"
           );

   Create a simple message containing just an image
           $msg = MIME::Lite->new(
               From     =>'me@myhost.com',
               To       =>'you@yourhost.com',
               Cc       =>'some@other.com, some@more.com',
               Subject  =>'Helloooooo, nurse!',
               Type     =>'image/gif',
               Encoding =>'base64',
               Path     =>'hellonurse.gif'
           );

   Create a multipart message
           ### Create the multipart "container":
           $msg = MIME::Lite->new(
               From    =>'me@myhost.com',
               To      =>'you@yourhost.com',
               Cc      =>'some@other.com, some@more.com',
               Subject =>'A message with 2 parts...',
               Type    =>'multipart/mixed'
           );

           ### Add the text message part:
           ### (Note that "attach" has same arguments as "new"):
           $msg->attach(
               Type     =>'TEXT',
               Data     =>"Here's the GIF file you wanted"
           );

           ### Add the image part:
           $msg->attach(
               Type        =>'image/gif',
               Path        =>'aaa000123.gif',
               Filename    =>'logo.gif',
               Disposition => 'attachment'
           );

   Attach a GIF to a text message
       This will create a multipart message exactly as above, but using the "attach to
       singlepart" hack:

           ### Start with a simple text message:
           $msg = MIME::Lite->new(
               From    =>'me@myhost.com',
               To      =>'you@yourhost.com',
               Cc      =>'some@other.com, some@more.com',
               Subject =>'A message with 2 parts...',
               Type    =>'TEXT',
               Data    =>"Here's the GIF file you wanted"
           );

           ### Attach a part... the make the message a multipart automatically:
           $msg->attach(
               Type     =>'image/gif',
               Path     =>'aaa000123.gif',
               Filename =>'logo.gif'
           );

   Attach a pre-prepared part to a message
           ### Create a standalone part:
           $part = MIME::Lite->new(
               Top      => 0,
               Type     =>'text/html',
               Data     =>'<H1>Hello</H1>',
           );
           $part->attr('content-type.charset' => 'UTF-8');
           $part->add('X-Comment' => 'A message for you');

           ### Attach it to any message:
           $msg->attach($part);

   Print a message to a filehandle
           ### Write it to a filehandle:
           $msg->print(\*STDOUT);

           ### Write just the header:
           $msg->print_header(\*STDOUT);

           ### Write just the encoded body:
           $msg->print_body(\*STDOUT);

   Print a message into a string
           ### Get entire message as a string:
           $str = $msg->as_string;

           ### Get just the header:
           $str = $msg->header_as_string;

           ### Get just the encoded body:
           $str = $msg->body_as_string;

   Send a message
           ### Send in the "best" way (the default is to use "sendmail"):
           $msg->send;

   Send an HTML document... with images included!
           $msg = MIME::Lite->new(
                To      =>'you@yourhost.com',
                Subject =>'HTML with in-line images!',
                Type    =>'multipart/related'
           );
           $msg->attach(
               Type => 'text/html',
               Data => qq{
                   <body>
                       Here's <i>my</i> image:
                       <img src="cid:myimage.gif">
                   </body>
               },
           );
           $msg->attach(
               Type => 'image/gif',
               Id   => 'myimage.gif',
               Path => '/path/to/somefile.gif',
           );
           $msg->send();

   Change how messages are sent
           ### Do something like this in your 'main':
           if ($I_DONT_HAVE_SENDMAIL) {
              MIME::Lite->send('smtp', $host, Timeout=>60,
                  AuthUser=>$user, AuthPass=>$pass);
           }

           ### Now this will do the right thing:
           $msg->send;         ### will now use Net::SMTP as shown above

PUBLIC INTERFACE

   Global configuration
       To alter the way the entire module behaves, you have the following methods/options:

       MIME::Lite->field_order()
           When used as a classmethod, this changes the default order in which headers are output
           for all messages.  However, please consider using the instance method variant instead,
           so you won't stomp on other message senders in the same application.

       MIME::Lite->quiet()
           This classmethod can be used to suppress/unsuppress all warnings coming from this
           module.

       MIME::Lite->send()
           When used as a classmethod, this can be used to specify a different default mechanism
           for sending message.  The initial default is:

               MIME::Lite->send("sendmail", "/usr/lib/sendmail -t -oi -oem");

           However, you should consider the similar but smarter and taint-safe variant:

               MIME::Lite->send("sendmail");

           Or, for non-Unix users:

               MIME::Lite->send("smtp");

       $MIME::Lite::AUTO_CC
           If true, automatically send to the Cc/Bcc addresses for send_by_smtp().  Default is
           true.

       $MIME::Lite::AUTO_CONTENT_TYPE
           If true, try to automatically choose the content type from the file name in
           "new()"/"build()".  In other words, setting this true changes the default "Type" from
           "TEXT" to "AUTO".

           Default is false, since we must maintain backwards-compatibility with prior behavior.
           Please consider keeping it false, and just using Type 'AUTO' when you build() or
           attach().

       $MIME::Lite::AUTO_ENCODE
           If true, automatically choose the encoding from the content type.  Default is true.

       $MIME::Lite::AUTO_VERIFY
           If true, check paths to attachments right before printing, raising an exception if any
           path is unreadable.  Default is true.

       $MIME::Lite::PARANOID
           If true, we won't attempt to use MIME::Base64, MIME::QuotedPrint, or MIME::Types, even
           if they're available.  Default is false.  Please consider keeping it false, and
           trusting these other packages to do the right thing.

   Construction
       new [PARAMHASH]
           Class method, constructor.  Create a new message object.

           If any arguments are given, they are passed into "build()"; otherwise, just the empty
           object is created.

       attach PART
       attach PARAMHASH...
           Instance method.  Add a new part to this message, and return the new part.

           If you supply a single PART argument, it will be regarded as a MIME::Lite object to be
           attached.  Otherwise, this method assumes that you are giving in the pairs of a
           PARAMHASH which will be sent into "new()" to create the new part.

           One of the possibly-quite-useful hacks thrown into this is the "attach-to-singlepart"
           hack: if you attempt to attach a part (let's call it "part 1") to a message that
           doesn't have a content-type of "multipart" or "message", the following happens:

           •   A new part (call it "part 0") is made.

           •   The MIME attributes and data (but not the other headers) are cut from the "self"
               message, and pasted into "part 0".

           •   The "self" is turned into a "multipart/mixed" message.

           •   The new "part 0" is added to the "self", and then "part 1" is added.

           One of the nice side-effects is that you can create a text message and then add zero
           or more attachments to it, much in the same way that a user agent like Netscape allows
           you to do.

       build [PARAMHASH]
           Class/instance method, initializer.  Create (or initialize) a MIME message object.
           Normally, you'll use the following keys in PARAMHASH:

              * Data, FH, or Path      (either one of these, or none if multipart)
              * Type                   (e.g., "image/jpeg")
              * From, To, and Subject  (if this is the "top level" of a message)

           The PARAMHASH can contain the following keys:

           (fieldname)
               Any field you want placed in the message header, taken from the standard list of
               header fields (you don't need to worry about case):

                   Approved      Encrypted     Received      Sender
                   Bcc           From          References    Subject
                   Cc            Keywords      Reply-To      To
                   Comments      Message-ID    Resent-*      X-*
                   Content-*     MIME-Version  Return-Path
                   Date                        Organization

               To give experienced users some veto power, these fields will be set after the ones
               I set... so be careful: don't set any MIME fields (like "Content-type") unless you
               know what you're doing!

               To specify a fieldname that's not in the above list, even one that's identical to
               an option below, just give it with a trailing ":", like "My-field:".  When in
               doubt, that always signals a mail field (and it sort of looks like one too).

           Data
               Alternative to "Path" or "FH".  The actual message data.  This may be a scalar or
               a ref to an array of strings; if the latter, the message consists of a simple
               concatenation of all the strings in the array.

           Datestamp
               Optional.  If given true (or omitted), we force the creation of a "Date:" field
               stamped with the current date/time if this is a top-level message.  You may want
               this if using send_by_smtp().  If you don't want this to be done, either provide
               your own Date or explicitly set this to false.

           Disposition
               Optional.  The content disposition, "inline" or "attachment".  The default is
               "inline".

           Encoding
               Optional.  The content transfer encoding that should be used to encode your data:

                  Use encoding:     | If your message contains:
                  ------------------------------------------------------------
                  7bit              | Only 7-bit text, all lines <1000 characters
                  8bit              | 8-bit text, all lines <1000 characters
                  quoted-printable  | 8-bit text or long lines (more reliable than "8bit")
                  base64            | Largely non-textual data: a GIF, a tar file, etc.

               The default is taken from the Type; generally it is "binary" (no encoding) for
               text/*, message/*, and multipart/*, and "base64" for everything else.  A value of
               "binary" is generally not suitable for sending anything but ASCII text files with
               lines under 1000 characters, so consider using one of the other values instead.

               In the case of "7bit"/"8bit", long lines are automatically chopped to legal
               length; in the case of "7bit", all 8-bit characters are automatically removed.
               This may not be what you want, so pick your encoding well!  For more info, see "A
               MIME PRIMER".

           FH  Alternative to "Data" or "Path".  Filehandle containing the data, opened for
               reading.  See "ReadNow" also.

           Filename
               Optional.  The name of the attachment.  You can use this to supply a recommended
               filename for the end-user who is saving the attachment to disk.  You only need
               this if the filename at the end of the "Path" is inadequate, or if you're using
               "Data" instead of "Path".  You should not put path information in here (e.g., no
               "/" or "\" or ":" characters should be used).

           Id  Optional.  Same as setting "content-id".

           Length
               Optional.  Set the content length explicitly.  Normally, this header is
               automatically computed, but only under certain circumstances (see "Benign
               limitations").

           Path
               Alternative to "Data" or "FH".  Path to a file containing the data... actually, it
               can be any open()able expression.  If it looks like a path, the last element will
               automatically be treated as the filename.  See "ReadNow" also.

           ReadNow
               Optional, for use with "Path".  If true, will open the path and slurp the contents
               into core now.  This is useful if the Path points to a command and you don't want
               to run the command over and over if outputting the message several times.  Fatal
               exception raised if the open fails.

           Top Optional.  If defined, indicates whether or not this is a "top-level" MIME
               message.  The parts of a multipart message are not top-level.  Default is true.

           Type
               Optional.  The MIME content type, or one of these special values (case-sensitive):

                    "TEXT"   means "text/plain"
                    "BINARY" means "application/octet-stream"
                    "AUTO"   means attempt to guess from the filename, falling back
                             to 'application/octet-stream'.  This is good if you have
                             MIME::Types on your system and you have no idea what
                             file might be used for the attachment.

               The default is "TEXT", but it will be "AUTO" if you set $AUTO_CONTENT_TYPE to true
               (sorry, but you have to enable it explicitly, since we don't want to break code
               which depends on the old behavior).

           A picture being worth 1000 words (which is of course 2000 bytes, so it's probably more
           of an "icon" than a "picture", but I digress...), here are some examples:

               $msg = MIME::Lite->build(
                   From     => 'yelling@inter.com',
                   To       => 'stocking@fish.net',
                   Subject  => "Hi there!",
                   Type     => 'TEXT',
                   Encoding => '7bit',
                   Data     => "Just a quick note to say hi!"
               );

               $msg = MIME::Lite->build(
                   From     => 'dorothy@emerald-city.oz',
                   To       => 'gesundheit@edu.edu.edu',
                   Subject  => "A gif for U"
                   Type     => 'image/gif',
                   Path     => "/home/httpd/logo.gif"
               );

               $msg = MIME::Lite->build(
                   From     => 'laughing@all.of.us',
                   To       => 'scarlett@fiddle.dee.de',
                   Subject  => "A gzipp'ed tar file",
                   Type     => 'x-gzip',
                   Path     => "gzip < /usr/inc/somefile.tar |",
                   ReadNow  => 1,
                   Filename => "somefile.tgz"
               );

           To show you what's really going on, that last example could also have been written:

               $msg = new MIME::Lite;
               $msg->build(
                   Type     => 'x-gzip',
                   Path     => "gzip < /usr/inc/somefile.tar |",
                   ReadNow  => 1,
                   Filename => "somefile.tgz"
               );
               $msg->add(From    => "laughing@all.of.us");
               $msg->add(To      => "scarlett@fiddle.dee.de");
               $msg->add(Subject => "A gzipp'ed tar file");

   Setting/getting headers and attributes
       add TAG,VALUE
           Instance method.  Add field TAG with the given VALUE to the end of the header.  The
           TAG will be converted to all-lowercase, and the VALUE will be made "safe" (returns
           will be given a trailing space).

           Beware: any MIME fields you "add" will override any MIME attributes I have when it
           comes time to output those fields.  Normally, you will use this method to add non-MIME
           fields:

               $msg->add("Subject" => "Hi there!");

           Giving VALUE as an arrayref will cause all those values to be added.  This is only
           useful for special multiple-valued fields like "Received":

               $msg->add("Received" => ["here", "there", "everywhere"]

           Giving VALUE as the empty string adds an invisible placeholder to the header, which
           can be used to suppress the output of the "Content-*" fields or the special  "MIME-
           Version" field.  When suppressing fields, you should use replace() instead of add():

               $msg->replace("Content-disposition" => "");

           Note: add() is probably going to be more efficient than "replace()", so you're better
           off using it for most applications if you are certain that you don't need to delete()
           the field first.

           Note: the name comes from Mail::Header.

       attr ATTR,[VALUE]
           Instance method.  Set MIME attribute ATTR to the string VALUE.  ATTR is converted to
           all-lowercase.  This method is normally used to set/get MIME attributes:

               $msg->attr("content-type"         => "text/html");
               $msg->attr("content-type.charset" => "US-ASCII");
               $msg->attr("content-type.name"    => "homepage.html");

           This would cause the final output to look something like this:

               Content-type: text/html; charset=US-ASCII; name="homepage.html"

           Note that the special empty sub-field tag indicates the anonymous first sub-field.

           Giving VALUE as undefined will cause the contents of the named subfield to be deleted.

           Supplying no VALUE argument just returns the attribute's value:

               $type = $msg->attr("content-type");        ### returns "text/html"
               $name = $msg->attr("content-type.name");   ### returns "homepage.html"

       delete TAG
           Instance method.  Delete field TAG with the given VALUE to the end of the header.  The
           TAG will be converted to all-lowercase.

               $msg->delete("Subject");

           Note: the name comes from Mail::Header.

       field_order FIELD,...FIELD
           Class/instance method.  Change the order in which header fields are output for this
           object:

               $msg->field_order('from', 'to', 'content-type', 'subject');

           When used as a class method, changes the default settings for all objects:

               MIME::Lite->field_order('from', 'to', 'content-type', 'subject');

           Case does not matter: all field names will be coerced to lowercase.  In either case,
           supply the empty array to restore the default ordering.

       fields
           Instance method.  Return the full header for the object, as a ref to an array of
           "[TAG, VALUE]" pairs, where each TAG is all-lowercase.  Note that any fields the user
           has explicitly set will override the corresponding MIME fields that we would otherwise
           generate.  So, don't say...

               $msg->set("Content-type" => "text/html; charset=US-ASCII");

           unless you want the above value to override the "Content-type" MIME field that we
           would normally generate.

           Note: I called this "fields" because the header() method of Mail::Header returns
           something different, but similar enough to be confusing.

           You can change the order of the fields: see "field_order".  You really shouldn't need
           to do this, but some people have to deal with broken mailers.

       filename [FILENAME]
           Instance method.  Set the filename which this data will be reported as.  This actually
           sets both "standard" attributes.

           With no argument, returns the filename as dictated by the content-disposition.

       get TAG,[INDEX]
           Instance method.  Get the contents of field TAG, which might have been set with set()
           or replace().  Returns the text of the field.

               $ml->get('Subject', 0);

           If the optional 0-based INDEX is given, then we return the INDEX'th occurrence of
           field TAG.  Otherwise, we look at the context: In a scalar context, only the first
           (0th) occurrence of the field is returned; in an array context, all occurrences are
           returned.

           Warning: this should only be used with non-MIME fields.  Behavior with MIME fields is
           TBD, and will raise an exception for now.

       get_length
           Instance method.  Recompute the content length for the message if the process is
           trivial, setting the "content-length" attribute as a side-effect:

               $msg->get_length;

           Returns the length, or undefined if not set.

           Note: the content length can be difficult to compute, since it involves assembling the
           entire encoded body and taking the length of it (which, in the case of multipart
           messages, means freezing all the sub-parts, etc.).

           This method only sets the content length to a defined value if the message is a
           singlepart with "binary" encoding, and the body is available either in-core or as a
           simple file.  Otherwise, the content length is set to the undefined value.

           Since content-length is not a standard MIME field anyway (that's right, kids: it's not
           in the MIME RFCs, it's an HTTP thing), this seems pretty fair.

       parts
           Instance method.  Return the parts of this entity, and this entity only.  Returns
           empty array if this entity has no parts.

           This is not recursive!  Parts can have sub-parts; use parts_DFS() to get everything.

       parts_DFS
           Instance method.  Return the list of all MIME::Lite objects included in the entity,
           starting with the entity itself, in depth-first-search order.  If this object has no
           parts, it alone will be returned.

       preamble [TEXT]
           Instance method.  Get/set the preamble string, assuming that this object has subparts.
           Set it to undef for the default string.

       replace TAG,VALUE
           Instance method.  Delete all occurrences of fields named TAG, and add a new field with
           the given VALUE.  TAG is converted to all-lowercase.

           Beware the special MIME fields (MIME-version, Content-*): if you "replace" a MIME
           field, the replacement text will override the actual MIME attributes when it comes
           time to output that field.  So normally you use attr() to change MIME fields and
           add()/replace() to change non-MIME fields:

               $msg->replace("Subject" => "Hi there!");

           Giving VALUE as the empty string will effectively prevent that field from being
           output.  This is the correct way to suppress the special MIME fields:

               $msg->replace("Content-disposition" => "");

           Giving VALUE as undefined will just cause all explicit values for TAG to be deleted,
           without having any new values added.

           Note: the name of this method  comes from Mail::Header.

       scrub
           Instance method.  This is Alpha code.  If you use it, please let me know how it goes.
           Recursively goes through the "parts" tree of this message and tries to find MIME
           attributes that can be removed.  With an array argument, removes exactly those
           attributes; e.g.:

               $msg->scrub(['content-disposition', 'content-length']);

           Is the same as recursively doing:

               $msg->replace('Content-disposition' => '');
               $msg->replace('Content-length'      => '');

   Setting/getting message data
       binmode [OVERRIDE]
           Instance method.  With no argument, returns whether or not it thinks that the data (as
           given by the "Path" argument of "build()") should be read using binmode() (for
           example, when "read_now()" is invoked).

           The default behavior is that any content type other than "text/*" or "message/*" is
           binmode'd; this should in general work fine.

           With a defined argument, this method sets an explicit "override" value.  An undefined
           argument unsets the override.  The new current value is returned.

       data [DATA]
           Instance method.  Get/set the literal DATA of the message.  The DATA may be either a
           scalar, or a reference to an array of scalars (which will simply be joined).

           Warning: setting the data causes the "content-length" attribute to be recomputed
           (possibly to nothing).

       fh [FILEHANDLE]
           Instance method.  Get/set the FILEHANDLE which contains the message data.

           Takes a filehandle as an input and stores it in the object.  This routine is similar
           to path(); one important difference is that no attempt is made to set the content
           length.

       path [PATH]
           Instance method.  Get/set the PATH to the message data.

           Warning: setting the path recomputes any existing "content-length" field, and re-sets
           the "filename" (to the last element of the path if it looks like a simple path, and to
           nothing if not).

       resetfh [FILEHANDLE]
           Instance method.  Set the current position of the filehandle back to the beginning.
           Only applies if you used "FH" in build() or attach() for this message.

           Returns false if unable to reset the filehandle (since not all filehandles are
           seekable).

       read_now
           Instance method.  Forces data from the path/filehandle (as specified by "build()") to
           be read into core immediately, just as though you had given it literally with the
           "Data" keyword.

           Note that the in-core data will always be used if available.

           Be aware that everything is slurped into a giant scalar: you may not want to use this
           if sending tar files!  The benefit of not reading in the data is that very large files
           can be handled by this module if left on disk until the message is output via
           "print()" or "print_body()".

       sign PARAMHASH
           Instance method.  Sign the message.  This forces the message to be read into core,
           after which the signature is appended to it.

           Data
               As in "build()": the literal signature data.  Can be either a scalar or a ref to
               an array of scalars.

           Path
               As in "build()": the path to the file.

           If no arguments are given, the default is:

               Path => "$ENV{HOME}/.signature"

           The content-length is recomputed.

       verify_data
           Instance method.  Verify that all "paths" to attached data exist, recursively.  It
           might be a good idea for you to do this before a print(), to prevent accidental
           partial output if a file might be missing.  Raises exception if any path is not
           readable.

   Output
       print [OUTHANDLE]
           Instance method.  Print the message to the given output handle, or to the currently-
           selected filehandle if none was given.

           All OUTHANDLE has to be is a filehandle (possibly a glob ref), or any object that
           responds to a print() message.

       print_body [OUTHANDLE] [IS_SMTP]
           Instance method.  Print the body of a message to the given output handle, or to the
           currently-selected filehandle if none was given.

           All OUTHANDLE has to be is a filehandle (possibly a glob ref), or any object that
           responds to a print() message.

           Fatal exception raised if unable to open any of the input files, or if a part contains
           no data, or if an unsupported encoding is encountered.

           IS_SMPT is a special option to handle SMTP mails a little more intelligently than
           other send mechanisms may require. Specifically this ensures that the last byte sent
           is NOT '\n' (octal \012) if the last two bytes are not '\r\n' (\015\012) as this will
           cause some SMTP servers to hang.

       print_header [OUTHANDLE]
           Instance method.  Print the header of the message to the given output handle, or to
           the currently-selected filehandle if none was given.

           All OUTHANDLE has to be is a filehandle (possibly a glob ref), or any object that
           responds to a print() message.

       as_string
           Instance method.  Return the entire message as a string, with a header and an encoded
           body.

       body_as_string
           Instance method.  Return the encoded body as a string.  This is the portion after the
           header and the blank line.

           Note: actually prepares the body by "printing" to a scalar.  Proof that you can hand
           the "print*()" methods any blessed object that responds to a "print()" message.

       header_as_string
           Instance method.  Return the header as a string.

   Sending
       send
       send HOW, HOWARGS...
           Class/instance method.  This is the principal method for sending mail, and for
           configuring how mail will be sent.

           As a class method with a HOW argument and optional HOWARGS, it sets the default
           sending mechanism that the no-argument instance method will use.  The HOW is a
           facility name (see below), and the HOWARGS is interpreted by the facility.  The class
           method returns the previous HOW and HOWARGS as an array.

               MIME::Lite->send('sendmail', "d:\\programs\\sendmail.exe");
               ...
               $msg = MIME::Lite->new(...);
               $msg->send;

           As an instance method with arguments (a HOW argument and optional HOWARGS), sends the
           message in the requested manner; e.g.:

               $msg->send('sendmail', "d:\\programs\\sendmail.exe");

           As an instance method with no arguments, sends the message by the default mechanism
           set up by the class method.  Returns whatever the mail-handling routine returns: this
           should be true on success, false/exception on error:

               $msg = MIME::Lite->new(From=>...);
               $msg->send || die "you DON'T have mail!";

           On Unix systems (or rather non-Win32 systems), the default setting is equivalent to:

               MIME::Lite->send("sendmail", "/usr/lib/sendmail -t -oi -oem");

           On Win32 systems the default setting is equivalent to:

               MIME::Lite->send("smtp");

           The assumption is that on Win32 your site/lib/Net/libnet.cfg file will be
           preconfigured to use the appropriate SMTP server. See below for configuring for
           authentication.

           There are three facilities:

           "sendmail", ARGS...
               Send a message by piping it into the "sendmail" command.  Uses the
               send_by_sendmail() method, giving it the ARGS.  This usage implements (and
               deprecates) the "sendmail()" method.

           "smtp", [HOSTNAME, [NAMEDPARMS] ]
               Send a message by SMTP, using optional HOSTNAME as SMTP-sending host.  Net::SMTP
               will be required.  Uses the send_by_smtp() method. Any additional arguments passed
               in will also be passed through to send_by_smtp.  This is useful for things like
               mail servers requiring authentication where you can say something like the
               following

                 MIME::Lite->send('smtp', $host, AuthUser=>$user, AuthPass=>$pass);

               which will configure things so future uses of

                 $msg->send();

               do the right thing.

           "sub", \&SUBREF, ARGS...
               Sends a message MSG by invoking the subroutine SUBREF of your choosing, with MSG
               as the first argument, and ARGS following.

           For example: let's say you're on an OS which lacks the usual Unix "sendmail" facility,
           but you've installed something a lot like it, and you need to configure your Perl
           script to use this "sendmail.exe" program.  Do this following in your script's setup:

               MIME::Lite->send('sendmail', "d:\\programs\\sendmail.exe");

           Then, whenever you need to send a message $msg, just say:

               $msg->send;

           That's it.  Now, if you ever move your script to a Unix box, all you need to do is
           change that line in the setup and you're done.  All of your $msg->send invocations
           will work as expected.

           After sending, the method last_send_successful() can be used to determine if the send
           was successful or not.

       send_by_sendmail SENDMAILCMD
       send_by_sendmail PARAM=>VALUE, ARRAY, HASH...
           Instance method.  Send message via an external "sendmail" program (this will probably
           only work out-of-the-box on Unix systems).

           Returns true on success, false or exception on error.

           You can specify the program and all its arguments by giving a single string,
           SENDMAILCMD.  Nothing fancy is done; the message is simply piped in.

           However, if your needs are a little more advanced, you can specify zero or more of the
           following PARAM/VALUE pairs (or a reference to hash or array of such arguments as well
           as any combination thereof); a Unix-style, taint-safe "sendmail" command will be
           constructed for you:

           Sendmail
               Full path to the program to use.  Default is "/usr/lib/sendmail".

           BaseArgs
               Ref to the basic array of arguments we start with.  Default is "["-t", "-oi",
               "-oem"]".

           SetSender
               Unless this is explicitly given as false, we attempt to automatically set the "-f"
               argument to the first address that can be extracted from the "From:" field of the
               message (if there is one).

               What is the -f, and why do we use it?  Suppose we did not use "-f", and you gave
               an explicit "From:" field in your message: in this case, the sendmail "envelope"
               would indicate the real user your process was running under, as a way of
               preventing mail forgery.  Using the "-f" switch causes the sender to be set in the
               envelope as well.

               So when would I NOT want to use it?  If sendmail doesn't regard you as a "trusted"
               user, it will permit the "-f" but also add an "X-Authentication-Warning" header to
               the message to indicate a forged envelope.  To avoid this, you can either (1) have
               SetSender be false, or (2) make yourself a trusted user by adding a "T"
               configuration
                   command to your sendmail.cf file
                   (e.g.: "Teryq" if the script is running as user "eryq").

           FromSender
               If defined, this is identical to setting SetSender to true, except that instead of
               looking at the "From:" field we use the address given by this option.  Thus:

                   FromSender => 'me@myhost.com'

           After sending, the method last_send_successful() can be used to determine if the send
           was successful or not.

       send_by_smtp HOST, ARGS...
       send_by_smtp REF, HOST, ARGS
           Instance method.  Send message via SMTP, using Net::SMTP -- which will be required for
           this feature.

           HOST is the name of SMTP server to connect to, or undef to have Net::SMTP use the
           defaults in Libnet.cfg.

           ARGS are a list of key value pairs which may be selected from the list below. Many of
           these are just passed through to specific Net::SMTP commands and you should review
           that module for details.

           Please see Good-vs-bad email addresses with send_by_smtp()

           Hello
           LocalAddr
           LocalPort
           Timeout
           Port
           ExactAddresses
           Debug
               See Net::SMTP::new() for details.

           Size
           Return
           Bits
           Transaction
           Envelope
               See Net::SMTP::mail() for details.

           SkipBad
               If true doesn't throw an error when multiple email addresses are provided and some
               are not valid. See Net::SMTP::recipient() for details.

           AuthUser
               Authenticate with Net::SMTP::auth() using this username.

           AuthPass
               Authenticate with Net::SMTP::auth() using this password.

           NoAuth
               Normally if AuthUser and AuthPass are defined MIME::Lite will attempt to use them
               with the Net::SMTP::auth() command to authenticate the connection, however if this
               value is true then no authentication occurs.

           To  Sets the addresses to send to. Can be a string or a reference to an array of
               strings. Normally this is extracted from the To: (and Cc: and Bcc: fields if
               $AUTO_CC is true).

               This value overrides that.

           From
               Sets the email address to send from. Normally this value is extracted from the
               Return-Path: or From: field of the mail itself (in that order).

               This value overrides that.

           Returns: True on success, croaks with an error message on failure.

           After sending, the method last_send_successful() can be used to determine if the send
           was successful or not.

       send_by_testfile FILENAME
           Instance method.  Print message to a file (namely FILENAME), which will default to
           mailer.testfile If file exists, message will be appended.

       last_send_successful
           This method will return TRUE if the last send() or send_by_XXX() method call was
           successful. It will return defined but false if it was not successful, and undefined
           if the object had not been used to send yet.

       sendmail COMMAND...
           Class method, DEPRECATED.  Declare the sender to be "sendmail", and set up the
           "sendmail" command.  You should use send() instead.

   Miscellaneous
       quiet ONOFF
           Class method.  Suppress/unsuppress all warnings coming from this module.

               MIME::Lite->quiet(1);       ### I know what I'm doing

           I recommend that you include that comment as well.  And while you type it, say it out
           loud: if it doesn't feel right, then maybe you should reconsider the whole line.
           ";-)"

NOTES

   How do I prevent "Content" headers from showing up in my mail reader?
       Apparently, some people are using mail readers which display the MIME headers like
       "Content-disposition", and they want MIME::Lite not to generate them "because they look
       ugly".

       Sigh.

       Y'know, kids, those headers aren't just there for cosmetic purposes.  They help ensure
       that the message is understood correctly by mail readers.  But okay, you asked for it, you
       got it...  here's how you can suppress the standard MIME headers.  Before you send the
       message, do this:

           $msg->scrub;

       You can scrub() any part of a multipart message independently; just be aware that it works
       recursively.  Before you scrub, note the rules that I follow:

       Content-type
           You can safely scrub the "content-type" attribute if, and only if, the part is of type
           "text/plain" with charset "us-ascii".

       Content-transfer-encoding
           You can safely scrub the "content-transfer-encoding" attribute if, and only if, the
           part uses "7bit", "8bit", or "binary" encoding.  You are far better off doing this if
           your lines are under 1000 characters.  Generally, that means you can scrub it for
           plain text, and you can not scrub this for images, etc.

       Content-disposition
           You can safely scrub the "content-disposition" attribute if you trust the mail reader
           to do the right thing when it decides whether to show an attachment inline or as a
           link.  Be aware that scrubbing both the content-disposition and the content-type means
           that there is no way to "recommend" a filename for the attachment!

           Note: there are reports of brain-dead MUAs out there that do the wrong thing if you
           provide the content-disposition.  If your attachments keep showing up inline or vice-
           versa, try scrubbing this attribute.

       Content-length
           You can always scrub "content-length" safely.

   How do I give my attachment a [different] recommended filename?
       By using the Filename option (which is different from Path!):

           $msg->attach(Type => "image/gif",
                        Path => "/here/is/the/real/file.GIF",
                        Filename => "logo.gif");

       You should not put path information in the Filename.

   Working with UTF-8 and other character sets
       All text that is added to your mail message should be properly encoded.  MIME::Lite
       doesn't do this for you. For instance, if you want to send your mail in UTF-8, where $to,
       $subject and $text have these values:

       •   To: "Ramón Nuñez <foo@bar.com>"

       •   Subject: "¡Aquí está!"

       •   Text: "¿Quieres ganar muchos €'s?"

           use MIME::Lite;
           use Encode qw(encode encode_utf8 );

           my $to      = "Ram\363n Nu\361ez <foo\@bar.com>";
           my $subject = "\241Aqu\355 est\341!";
           my $text    = "\277Quieres ganar muchos \x{20ac}'s?";

           ### Create a new message encoded in UTF-8:
           my $msg = MIME::Lite->new(
               From    => 'me@myhost.com',
               To      => encode( 'MIME-Header', $to ),
               Subject => encode( 'MIME-Header', $subject ),
               Data    => encode_utf8($text)
           );
           $msg->attr( 'content-type' => 'text/plain; charset=utf-8' );
           $msg->send;

       Note:

       •   The above example assumes that the values you want to encode are in Perl's "internal"
           form, i.e. the strings contain decoded UTF-8 characters, not the bytes that represent
           those characters.

           See perlunitut, perluniintro, perlunifaq and Encode for more.

       •   If, for the body of the email,  you want to use a character set other than UTF-8, then
           you should encode appropriately, and set the correct "content-type", eg:

               ...
               Data => encode('iso-8859-15',$text)
               ...

               $msg->attr( 'content-type' => 'text/plain; charset=iso-8859-15' );

       •   For the message headers, Encode::MIME::Header only support UTF-8, but most modern mail
           clients should be able to handle this.  It is not a problem to have your headers in a
           different encoding from the message body.

   Benign limitations
       This is "lite", after all...

       •   There's no parsing.  Get MIME-tools if you need to parse MIME messages.

       •   MIME::Lite messages are currently not interchangeable with either Mail::Internet or
           MIME::Entity objects.  This is a completely separate module.

       •   A content-length field is only inserted if the encoding is binary, the message is a
           singlepart, and all the document data is available at "build()" time by virtue of
           residing in a simple path, or in-core.  Since content-length is not a standard MIME
           field anyway (that's right, kids: it's not in the MIME RFCs, it's an HTTP thing), this
           seems pretty fair.

       •   MIME::Lite alone cannot help you lose weight.  You must supplement your use of
           MIME::Lite with a healthy diet and exercise.

   Cheap and easy mailing
       I thought putting in a default "sendmail" invocation wasn't too bad an idea, since a lot
       of Perlers are on UNIX systems. (As of version 3.02 this is default only on Non-Win32
       boxen. On Win32 boxen the default is to use SMTP and the defaults specified in the
       site/lib/Net/libnet.cfg)

       The out-of-the-box configuration is:

            MIME::Lite->send('sendmail', "/usr/lib/sendmail -t -oi -oem");

       By the way, these arguments to sendmail are:

            -t      Scan message for To:, Cc:, Bcc:, etc.

            -oi     Do NOT treat a single "." on a line as a message terminator.
                    As in, "-oi vey, it truncated my message... why?!"

            -oem    On error, mail back the message (I assume to the
                    appropriate address, given in the header).
                    When mail returns, circle is complete.  Jai Guru Deva -oem.

       Note that these are the same arguments you get if you configure to use the smarter, taint-
       safe mailing:

            MIME::Lite->send('sendmail');

       If you get "X-Authentication-Warning" headers from this, you can forgo diddling with the
       envelope by instead specifying:

            MIME::Lite->send('sendmail', SetSender=>0);

       And, if you're not on a Unix system, or if you'd just rather send mail some other way,
       there's always SMTP, which these days probably requires authentication so you probably
       need to say

            MIME::Lite->send('smtp', "smtp.myisp.net",
               AuthUser=>"YourName",AuthPass=>"YourPass" );

       Or you can set up your own subroutine to call.  In any case, check out the send() method.

WARNINGS

   Good-vs-bad email addresses with send_by_smtp()
       If using send_by_smtp(), be aware that unless you explicitly provide the email addresses
       to send to and from you will be forcing MIME::Lite to extract email addresses out of a
       possible list provided in the "To:", "Cc:", and "Bcc:" fields.  This is tricky stuff, and
       as such only the following sorts of addresses will work reliably:

           username
           full.name@some.host.com
           "Name, Full" <full.name@some.host.com>

       Disclaimer: MIME::Lite was never intended to be a Mail User Agent, so please don't expect
       a full implementation of RFC-822.  Restrict yourself to the common forms of Internet
       addresses described herein, and you should be fine.  If this is not feasible, then
       consider using MIME::Lite to prepare your message only, and using Net::SMTP explicitly to
       send your message.

       Note: As of MIME::Lite v3.02 the mail name extraction routines have been beefed up
       considerably. Furthermore if Mail::Address is provided then name extraction is done using
       that. Accordingly the above advice is now less true than it once was. Funky email names
       should work properly now. However the disclaimer remains. Patches welcome. :-)

   Formatting of headers delayed until print()
       This class treats a MIME header in the most abstract sense, as being a collection of high-
       level attributes.  The actual RFC-822-style header fields are not constructed until it's
       time to actually print the darn thing.

   Encoding of data delayed until print()
       When you specify message bodies (in build() or attach()) -- whether by FH, Data, or Path
       -- be warned that we don't attempt to open files, read filehandles, or encode the data
       until print() is invoked.

       In the past, this created some confusion for users of sendmail who gave the wrong path to
       an attachment body, since enough of the print() would succeed to get the initial part of
       the message out.  Nowadays, $AUTO_VERIFY is used to spot-check the Paths given before the
       mail facility is employed.  A whisker slower, but tons safer.

       Note that if you give a message body via FH, and try to print() a message twice, the
       second print() will not do the right thing unless you  explicitly rewind the filehandle.

       You can get past these difficulties by using the ReadNow option, provided that you have
       enough memory to handle your messages.

   MIME attributes are separate from header fields!
       Important: the MIME attributes are stored and manipulated separately from the message
       header fields; when it comes time to print the header out, any explicitly-given header
       fields override the ones that would be created from the MIME attributes.  That means that
       this:

           ### DANGER ### DANGER ### DANGER ### DANGER ### DANGER ###
           $msg->add("Content-type", "text/html; charset=US-ASCII");

       will set the exact "Content-type" field in the header I write, regardless of what the
       actual MIME attributes are.

       This feature is for experienced users only, as an escape hatch in case the code that
       normally formats MIME header fields isn't doing what you need.  And, like any escape
       hatch, it's got an alarm on it: MIME::Lite will warn you if you attempt to "set()" or
       "replace()" any MIME header field.  Use "attr()" instead.

   Beware of lines consisting of a single dot
       Julian Haight noted that MIME::Lite allows you to compose messages with lines in the body
       consisting of a single ".".  This is true: it should be completely harmless so long as
       "sendmail" is used with the -oi option (see "Cheap and easy mailing").

       However, I don't know if using Net::SMTP to transfer such a message is equally safe.
       Feedback is welcomed.

       My perspective: I don't want to magically diddle with a user's message unless absolutely
       positively necessary.  Some users may want to send files with "." alone on a line; my
       well-meaning tinkering could seriously harm them.

   Infinite loops may mean tainted data!
       Stefan Sautter noticed a bug in 2.106 where a m//gc match was failing due to tainted data,
       leading to an infinite loop inside MIME::Lite.

       I am attempting to correct for this, but be advised that my fix will silently untaint the
       data (given the context in which the problem occurs, this should be benign: I've labelled
       the source code with UNTAINT comments for the curious).

       So: don't depend on taint-checking to save you from outputting tainted data in a message.

   Don't tweak the global configuration
       Global configuration variables are bad, and should go away.  Until they do, please follow
       the hints with each setting on how not to change it.

A MIME PRIMER

   Content types
       The "Type" parameter of "build()" is a content type.  This is the actual type of data you
       are sending.  Generally this is a string of the form "majortype/minortype".

       Here are the major MIME types.  A more-comprehensive listing may be found in RFC-2046.

       application
           Data which does not fit in any of the other categories, particularly data to be
           processed by some type of application program.  "application/octet-stream",
           "application/gzip", "application/postscript"...

       audio
           Audio data.  "audio/basic"...

       image
           Graphics data.  "image/gif", "image/jpeg"...

       message
           A message, usually another mail or MIME message.  "message/rfc822"...

       multipart
           A message containing other messages.  "multipart/mixed", "multipart/alternative"...

       text
           Textual data, meant for humans to read.  "text/plain", "text/html"...

       video
           Video or video+audio data.  "video/mpeg"...

   Content transfer encodings
       The "Encoding" parameter of "build()".  This is how the message body is packaged up for
       safe transit.

       Here are the 5 major MIME encodings.  A more-comprehensive listing may be found in
       RFC-2045.

       7bit
           Basically, no real encoding is done.  However, this label guarantees that no 8-bit
           characters are present, and that lines do not exceed 1000 characters in length.

       8bit
           Basically, no real encoding is done.  The message might contain 8-bit characters, but
           this encoding guarantees that lines do not exceed 1000 characters in length.

       binary
           No encoding is done at all.  Message might contain 8-bit characters, and lines might
           be longer than 1000 characters long.

           The most liberal, and the least likely to get through mail gateways.  Use sparingly,
           or (better yet) not at all.

       base64
           Like "uuencode", but very well-defined.  This is how you should send essentially
           binary information (tar files, GIFs, JPEGs, etc.).

       quoted-printable
           Useful for encoding messages which are textual in nature, yet which contain non-ASCII
           characters (e.g., Latin-1, Latin-2, or any other 8-bit alphabet).

HELPER MODULES

       MIME::Lite works nicely with other certain other modules if they are present.  Good to
       have installed are the latest MIME::Types, Mail::Address, MIME::Base64, MIME::QuotedPrint,
       and Net::SMTP.  Email::Date::Format is strictly required.

       If they aren't present then some functionality won't work, and other features won't be as
       efficient or up to date as they could be. Nevertheless they are optional extras.

BUNDLED GOODIES

       MIME::Lite comes with a number of extra files in the distribution bundle.  This includes
       examples, and utility modules that you can use to get yourself started with the module.

       The ./examples directory contains a number of snippets in prepared form, generally they
       are documented, but they should be easy to understand.

       The ./contrib directory contains a companion/tool modules that come bundled with
       MIME::Lite, they don't get installed by default. Please review the POD they come with.

BUGS

       The whole reason that version 3.0 was released was to ensure that MIME::Lite is up to date
       and patched. If you find an issue please report it.

       As far as I know MIME::Lite doesn't currently have any serious bugs, but my usage is
       hardly comprehensive.

       Having said that there are a number of open issues for me, mostly caused by the progress
       in the community as whole since Eryq last released. The tests are based around an
       interesting but non standard test framework. I'd like to change it over to using
       Test::More.

       Should tests fail please review the ./testout directory, and in any bug reports please
       include the output of the relevant file. This is the only redeeming feature of not using
       Test::More that I can see.

       Bug fixes / Patches / Contribution are welcome, however I probably won't apply them unless
       they also have an associated test. This means that if I don't have the time to write the
       test the patch won't get applied, so please, include tests for any patches you provide.

VERSION

       Version: 3.033

CHANGE LOG

       Moved to ./changes.pod

       NOTE: Users of the "advanced features" of 3.01_0x smtp sending should take care: These
       features have been REMOVED as they never really fit the purpose of the module. Redundant
       SMTP delivery is a task that should be handled by another module.

TERMS AND CONDITIONS

         Copyright (c) 1997 by Eryq.
         Copyright (c) 1998 by ZeeGee Software Inc.
         Copyright (c) 2003,2005 Yves Orton. (demerphq)

       All rights reserved.  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
       it under the same terms as Perl itself.

       This software comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind.  See the COPYING file in the
       distribution for details.

NUTRITIONAL INFORMATION

       For some reason, the US FDA says that this is now required by law on any products that
       bear the name "Lite"...

       Version 3.0 is now new and improved! The distribution is now 30% smaller!

           MIME::Lite                |
           ------------------------------------------------------------
           Serving size:             | 1 module
           Servings per container:   | 1
           Calories:                 | 0
           Fat:                      | 0g
             Saturated Fat:          | 0g

       Warning: for consumption by hardware only!  May produce indigestion in humans if taken
       internally.

AUTHOR

       Eryq (eryq@zeegee.com).  President, ZeeGee Software Inc. (http://www.zeegee.com).

       Go to http://www.cpan.org for the latest downloads and on-line documentation for this
       module.  Enjoy.

       Patches And Maintenance by Yves Orton and many others.  Consult ./changes.pod