Provided by: libmojolicious-perl_9.26+dfsg-1_all 
NAME
Mojo::Util - Portable utility functions
SYNOPSIS
use Mojo::Util qw(b64_encode url_escape url_unescape);
my $str = 'test=23';
my $escaped = url_escape $str;
say url_unescape $escaped;
say b64_encode $escaped, '';
DESCRIPTION
Mojo::Util provides portable utility functions for Mojo.
FUNCTIONS
Mojo::Util implements the following functions, which can be imported individually.
b64_decode
my $bytes = b64_decode $b64;
Base64 decode bytes with MIME::Base64.
b64_encode
my $b64 = b64_encode $bytes;
my $b64 = b64_encode $bytes, "\n";
Base64 encode bytes with MIME::Base64, the line ending defaults to a newline.
camelize
my $camelcase = camelize $snakecase;
Convert "snake_case" string to "CamelCase" and replace "-" with "::".
# "FooBar"
camelize 'foo_bar';
# "FooBar::Baz"
camelize 'foo_bar-baz';
# "FooBar::Baz"
camelize 'FooBar::Baz';
class_to_file
my $file = class_to_file 'Foo::Bar';
Convert a class name to a file.
# "foo_bar"
class_to_file 'Foo::Bar';
# "foobar"
class_to_file 'FOO::Bar';
# "foo_bar"
class_to_file 'FooBar';
# "foobar"
class_to_file 'FOOBar';
class_to_path
my $path = class_to_path 'Foo::Bar';
Convert class name to path, as used by %INC.
# "Foo/Bar.pm"
class_to_path 'Foo::Bar';
# "FooBar.pm"
class_to_path 'FooBar';
decamelize
my $snakecase = decamelize $camelcase;
Convert "CamelCase" string to "snake_case" and replace "::" with "-".
# "foo_bar"
decamelize 'FooBar';
# "foo_bar-baz"
decamelize 'FooBar::Baz';
# "foo_bar-baz"
decamelize 'foo_bar-baz';
decode
my $chars = decode 'UTF-8', $bytes;
Decode bytes to characters with Encode, or return "undef" if decoding failed.
deprecated
deprecated 'foo is DEPRECATED in favor of bar';
Warn about deprecated feature from perspective of caller. You can also set the
"MOJO_FATAL_DEPRECATIONS" environment variable to make them die instead with Carp.
dumper
my $perl = dumper {some => 'data'};
Dump a Perl data structure with Data::Dumper.
encode
my $bytes = encode 'UTF-8', $chars;
Encode characters to bytes with Encode.
extract_usage
my $usage = extract_usage;
my $usage = extract_usage '/home/sri/foo.pod';
Extract usage message from the SYNOPSIS section of a file containing POD documentation,
defaults to using the file this function was called from.
# "Usage: APPLICATION test [OPTIONS]\n"
extract_usage;
=head1 SYNOPSIS
Usage: APPLICATION test [OPTIONS]
=cut
getopt
getopt
'H|headers=s' => \my @headers,
't|timeout=i' => \my $timeout,
'v|verbose' => \my $verbose;
getopt $array,
'H|headers=s' => \my @headers,
't|timeout=i' => \my $timeout,
'v|verbose' => \my $verbose;
getopt $array, ['pass_through'],
'H|headers=s' => \my @headers,
't|timeout=i' => \my $timeout,
'v|verbose' => \my $verbose;
Extract options from an array reference with Getopt::Long, but without changing its global
configuration, defaults to using @ARGV. The configuration options "no_auto_abbrev" and
"no_ignore_case" are enabled by default.
# Extract "charset" option
getopt ['--charset', 'UTF-8'], 'charset=s' => \my $charset;
say $charset;
gunzip
my $uncompressed = gunzip $compressed;
Uncompress bytes with IO::Compress::Gunzip.
gzip
my $compressed = gzip $uncompressed;
Compress bytes with IO::Compress::Gzip.
hmac_sha1_sum
my $checksum = hmac_sha1_sum $bytes, 'passw0rd';
Generate HMAC-SHA1 checksum for bytes with Digest::SHA.
# "11cedfd5ec11adc0ec234466d8a0f2a83736aa68"
hmac_sha1_sum 'foo', 'passw0rd';
html_attr_unescape
my $str = html_attr_unescape $escaped;
Same as "html_unescape", but handles special rules from the HTML Living Standard
<https://html.spec.whatwg.org> for HTML attributes.
# "foo=bar<est=baz"
html_attr_unescape 'foo=bar<est=baz';
# "foo=bar<est=baz"
html_attr_unescape 'foo=bar<est=baz';
html_unescape
my $str = html_unescape $escaped;
Unescape all HTML entities in string.
# "<div>"
html_unescape '<div>';
humanize_bytes
my $str = humanize_bytes 1234;
Turn number of bytes into a simplified human readable format.
# "1B"
humanize_bytes 1;
# "7.5GiB"
humanize_bytes 8007188480;
# "13GiB"
humanize_bytes 13443399680;
# "-685MiB"
humanize_bytes -717946880;
md5_bytes
my $checksum = md5_bytes $bytes;
Generate binary MD5 checksum for bytes with Digest::MD5.
md5_sum
my $checksum = md5_sum $bytes;
Generate MD5 checksum for bytes with Digest::MD5.
# "acbd18db4cc2f85cedef654fccc4a4d8"
md5_sum 'foo';
monkey_patch
monkey_patch $package, foo => sub {...};
monkey_patch $package, foo => sub {...}, bar => sub {...};
Monkey patch functions into package.
monkey_patch 'MyApp',
one => sub { say 'One!' },
two => sub { say 'Two!' },
three => sub { say 'Three!' };
punycode_decode
my $str = punycode_decode $punycode;
Punycode decode string as described in RFC 3492 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3492>.
# "bücher"
punycode_decode 'bcher-kva';
network_contains
my $bool = network_contains $network, $address;
Check that a given address is contained within a network in CIDR form. If the network is a
single address, the addresses must be equivalent.
# True
network_contains('10.0.0.0/8', '10.10.10.10');
network_contains('10.10.10.10', '10.10.10.10');
network_contains('fc00::/7', 'fc::c0:ff:ee');
# False
network_contains('10.0.0.0/29', '10.10.10.10');
network_contains('10.10.10.12', '10.10.10.10');
network_contains('fc00::/7', '::1');
punycode_encode
my $punycode = punycode_encode $str;
Punycode encode string as described in RFC 3492 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3492>.
# "bcher-kva"
punycode_encode 'bücher';
quote
my $quoted = quote $str;
Quote string.
scope_guard
my $guard = scope_guard sub {...};
Create anonymous scope guard object that will execute the passed callback when the object
is destroyed.
# Execute closure at end of scope
{
my $guard = scope_guard sub { say "Mojo!" };
say "Hello";
}
secure_compare
my $bool = secure_compare $str1, $str2;
Constant time comparison algorithm to prevent timing attacks. The secret string should be
the second argument, to avoid leaking information about the length of the string.
sha1_bytes
my $checksum = sha1_bytes $bytes;
Generate binary SHA1 checksum for bytes with Digest::SHA.
sha1_sum
my $checksum = sha1_sum $bytes;
Generate SHA1 checksum for bytes with Digest::SHA.
# "0beec7b5ea3f0fdbc95d0dd47f3c5bc275da8a33"
sha1_sum 'foo';
slugify
my $slug = slugify $string;
my $slug = slugify $string, $bool;
Returns a URL slug generated from the input string. Non-word characters are removed, the
string is trimmed and lowercased, and whitespace characters are replaced by a dash. By
default, non-ASCII characters are normalized to ASCII word characters or removed, but if a
true value is passed as the second parameter, all word characters will be allowed in the
result according to unicode semantics.
# "joel-is-a-slug"
slugify 'Joel is a slug';
# "this-is-my-resume"
slugify 'This is: my - résumé! ☃ ';
# "this-is-my-résumé"
slugify 'This is: my - résumé! ☃ ', 1;
split_cookie_header
my $tree = split_cookie_header 'a=b; expires=Thu, 07 Aug 2008 07:07:59 GMT';
Same as "split_header", but handles "expires" values from RFC 6265
<https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6265>.
split_header
my $tree = split_header 'foo="bar baz"; test=123, yada';
Split HTTP header value into key/value pairs, each comma separated part gets its own array
reference, and keys without a value get "undef" assigned.
# "one"
split_header('one; two="three four", five=six')->[0][0];
# "two"
split_header('one; two="three four", five=six')->[0][2];
# "three four"
split_header('one; two="three four", five=six')->[0][3];
# "five"
split_header('one; two="three four", five=six')->[1][0];
# "six"
split_header('one; two="three four", five=six')->[1][1];
steady_time
my $time = steady_time;
High resolution time elapsed from an arbitrary fixed point in the past, resilient to time
jumps if a monotonic clock is available through Time::HiRes.
tablify
my $table = tablify [['foo', 'bar'], ['baz', 'yada']];
Row-oriented generator for text tables.
# "foo bar\nyada yada\nbaz yada\n"
tablify [['foo', 'bar'], ['yada', 'yada'], ['baz', 'yada']];
term_escape
my $escaped = term_escape $str;
Escape all POSIX control characters except for "\n".
# "foo\\x09bar\\x0d\n"
term_escape "foo\tbar\r\n";
trim
my $trimmed = trim $str;
Trim whitespace characters from both ends of string.
# "foo bar"
trim ' foo bar ';
unindent
my $unindented = unindent $str;
Unindent multi-line string.
# "foo\nbar\nbaz\n"
unindent " foo\n bar\n baz\n";
unquote
my $str = unquote $quoted;
Unquote string.
url_escape
my $escaped = url_escape $str;
my $escaped = url_escape $str, '^A-Za-z0-9\-._~';
Percent encode unsafe characters in string as described in RFC 3986
<https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986>, the pattern used defaults to "^A-Za-z0-9\-._~".
# "foo%3Bbar"
url_escape 'foo;bar';
url_unescape
my $str = url_unescape $escaped;
Decode percent encoded characters in string as described in RFC 3986
<https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986>.
# "foo;bar"
url_unescape 'foo%3Bbar';
xml_escape
my $escaped = xml_escape $str;
Escape unsafe characters "&", "<", ">", """ and "'" in string, but do not escape
Mojo::ByteStream objects.
# "<div>"
xml_escape '<div>';
# "<div>"
use Mojo::ByteStream qw(b);
xml_escape b('<div>');
xor_encode
my $encoded = xor_encode $str, $key;
XOR encode string with variable length key.
SEE ALSO
Mojolicious, Mojolicious::Guides, <https://mojolicious.org>.