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NAME

       fcopy - copy files using classes

SYNOPSIS

       fcopy [options] SOURCE...

DESCRIPTION

       Copy  a  file  from SOURCE to its target using classes.  It also sets permission modes for
       owner and group.  Each SOURCE argument is a directory which contains one or more  template
       files  for the source file to copy.  Depending on the list of defined classes, one file of
       the source directory is selected and copied to the target.  The  target  filename  is  the
       name of the source directory.

       The  exit  code  returned  by fcopy is 0 if all files are copied successfully and >0 if an
       error occurs.  For every successfully copied file, a log message is  printed  to  standard
       output.

OPTIONS

       Options -c, -s, -t and a SOURCE are required. Usually -c, -s and -t
              are set via variables in FAI.

       -B     Remove  backup  files  with  suffix  .pre_fcopy.  You  can also set the environment
              variable FCOPY_NOBACKUP to 1.

       -b dir Don't copy files to file.pre_fcopy, but use hierarchy  under  "dir"  instead.   The
              same effect is achieved by setting environment variable FAI_BACKUPDIR.

       -c class[,class]
              Define  classes.   Multiple classes must be comma separated.  If not specified, use
              the shell environment variable $classes (space separated).   The  first  class  has
              lowest priority.

       -C file
              Read  classes  from  file.   Lines  can  contain  multiple  classes which are space
              separated.  Lines starting with # are comments.

       -d     Delete target file if no class applies.

       -D     Create debugging output.

       -F file
              Read list of sources from file.  One SOURCE per line.

       -h     Show help, version and summary of options.

       -H     If source is a symbolic link, make destination a symbolic link too.

       -i     Ignore warnings about no matching class and non-existing source directories.  These
              warnings will not set the exit code to 1.

       -I dir[,dir]
              Override list of ignored directories when recursing. If not given, it is taken from
              $FCOPY_IGNOREDIRS and as a last chance an internal list of known  revision  control
              system's metadata is used (CVS, .cvs, {arch}, .arch-ids).

       -l     Do not copy if destination is a symbolic link

       -L file
              Log SOURCE and used class to file.  Output format is
              SOURCE CLASS COMMENT
              where  COMMENT gives some information about why the file has been preserved. If not
              specified and $LOGDIR is set, use $LOGDIR/fcopy.log.

       -m user,group,mode
              Set user, group and mode for all copied files (mode as octal number, user and group
              numeric id or name).  If not specified, use file file-modes or data of source file.

       -M     Use default values for user, group and mode.  This is equal to -m root,root,0644

       -n     Print  the  commands,  but  do  not  execute  them. This is like --dry-run in other
              programs. You can enable it for all calls  of  fcopy  by  setting  the  environment
              variable $FCOPY_DRYRUN.

       -r     Copy recursively (traverse down the tree).  Copy all files below SOURCE.  These are
              all subdirectory leaves in the SOURCE tree.  Ignore "ignored" directories (see "-I"
              for details).

       -s source_dir
              Look for SOURCE files relative to source_dir.  Use $FAI/files if not specified.

       -S     Enable  variable  substitution.  Every occurence of the pattern {%varname%} will be
              substituted by the value of the shell variable $varname  which  is  mostly  set  in
              class/CLASSNAME.var.  You  can  enable  it  for  all  calls of fcopy by setting the
              environment variable $FCOPY_SUBSTITUTE. Variable substitution is  done  before  the
              execution of the preinst script.

       -t target_dir
              Copy files relative to target_dir.  Use $FAI_ROOT if not specified.

       -U     If in softupdate mode skip this entire fcopy command.

       -v     Create verbose output.

SCRIPTS

       preinst
              If a file 'preinst' exists and is executable, it is used in the following way:

              1. a temporary copy of the file for the used class is created

              2. preinst  is  called  with the used class and the full pathname to this temporary
                 copy (you can do in-place substitutions or other modifications on this copy)

              3. the copy is compared to the destination and replaces it only if  there  are  any
                 differences and if the preinst scripts has a exit code zero.

       postinst
              If  a  file  'postinst'  exists  and is executable, it is called after successfully
              having copied the file. It is called with two parameters, the class being used  and
              the  full  pathname  to  the  target  file. The variable ROOTCMD is set, so you can
              prepend it to commands which should be executed in the newly installed system.

EXAMPLES

       Suppose the source directory /files/etc/X11/xorg.conf consists of the following files:

       CAD   DEFAULT   LAB   MACH64   server1   ant04   postinst

       Each file is an instance of a xorg.conf file for a different Xserver  configuration.   The
       command

           # fcopy -s /files -t /target /etc/X11/xorg.conf

       copies  one  of  these  files  from  the  directory  /files/etc/X11/xorg.conf  to the file
       /target/etc/xorg.conf.  For all defined classes,  fcopy  looks  if  a  corresponding  file
       exists.   The  class  with the highest priority that matches an existing file name will be
       used for copying. Here are examples of defined classes for different hosts  and  the  file
       which will be copied by fcopy.

          Host belongs to the classes   File used for copy

          DEFAULT,LAB,server3           LAB

          DEFAULT,CAD,server1           server1

          DEFAULT,MACH64,ant01          MACH64

          DEFAULT,TFT,ant13             DEFAULT server1

       In FAI the list of defined classes starts with DEFAULT and the last class is the hostname.
       DEFAULT is only used when no file for another class exists.  If a file  is  equal  to  the
       hostname, this will be used, since hostname should always be the last class.

       User,  group  and permissions for the files can be defined in several ways. The file file-
       modes in the source directory has the highest priority, followed  by  modes  specified  by
       -m/-M. If neither applies, the modes from the source file are used.

       The  file  file-modes  in  the  source directory can contain one line for each class.  The
       space separated parameters are:

       owner group mode class

       Where owner and group can be specified by numeric id or by name.  The file permissions are
       defined by mode, which must be octal.  If class is missing, the data is used for all other
       classes, for which no data is defined.  If neither -m or file-modes data is available, the
       user, group and mode of the source file will be used for the target file.

       Missing subdirectories for the target file are created with mode 0755.  If the destination
       file already exists and is different from  the  source  file,  the  suffix  .pre_fcopy  is
       appended  to the old version of the target file.  If source and target files are equal, no
       copy is performed.  A copied file gets the same access and modification time as the source
       file,  not  the  time of the copy.  If the file postinst exists, it will be executed after
       the file was copied.

NOTES

       Do not create a file DEFAULT if no reasonable default  configuration  file  can  be  used.
       It's better to exit with an error than to copy a wrong configuration file.

       This  command  can  also  be used to maintain your configuration files on a huge number of
       hosts.

SEE ALSO

       ftar(8)

       This program is part of FAI (Fully Automatic Installation).  See the FAI manual  for  more
       information on how to use fcopy.  The FAI homepage is https://fai-project.org.

AUTHOR

       Thomas Lange <lange@informatik.uni-koeln.de>
       Henning Glawe <glaweh@physik.fu-berlin.de>