Provided by: hping3_3.a2.ds2-10_amd64 bug

NAME

       hping3 - send (almost) arbitrary TCP/IP packets to network hosts

SYNOPSIS

       hping3  [  -hvnqVDzZ012WrfxykQbFSRPAUXYjJBuTG  ]  [ -c count ] [ -i wait ] [ --fast ] [ -I
       interface ] [ -9 signature ] [ -a host ] [ -t ttl ] [ -N ip id ] [ -H ip protocol ]  [  -g
       fragoff  ]  [  -m  mtu ] [ -o tos ] [ -C icmp type ] [ -K icmp code ] [ -s source port ] [
       -p[+][+] dest port ] [ -w tcp window ] [ -O tcp offset ] [ -M tcp sequence number ]  [  -L
       tcp  ack  ]  [  -d data size ] [ -E filename ] [ -e signature ] [ --icmp-ipver version ] [
       --icmp-iphlen length ] [ --icmp-iplen  length  ]  [  --icmp-ipid  id  ]  [  --icmp-ipproto
       protocol  ]  [  --icmp-cksum  checksum ] [ --icmp-ts ] [ --icmp-addr ] [ --tcpexitcode ] [
       --tcp-mss ] [ --tcp-timestamp ] [ --tr-stop ] [ --tr-keep-ttl ] [ --tr-no-rtt ] [  --rand-
       dest ] [ --rand-source ] [ --beep ] hostname

DESCRIPTION

       hping3  is a network tool able to send custom TCP/IP packets and to display target replies
       like ping program does with ICMP replies. hping3 handle fragmentation,  arbitrary  packets
       body  and  size  and  can  be used in order to transfer files encapsulated under supported
       protocols. Using hping3 you are able to perform at least the following stuff:

        - Test firewall rules
        - Advanced port scanning
        - Test net performance using different protocols,
          packet size, TOS (type of service) and fragmentation.
        - Path MTU discovery
        - Transferring files between even really fascist firewall
          rules.
        - Traceroute-like under different protocols.
        - Firewalk-like usage.
        - Remote OS fingerprinting.
        - TCP/IP stack auditing.
        - A lot of others.

       It's also a good didactic tool to learn TCP/IP.  hping3 is  developed  and  maintained  by
       antirez@invece.org  and  is  licensed  under GPL version 2. Development is open so you can
       send me patches, suggestion and affronts without inhibitions.

HPING SITE

       primary site at http://www.hping.org.  You can found  both  the  stable  release  and  the
       instruction to download the latest source code at http://www.hping.org/download.html

BASE OPTIONS

       -h --help
              Show an help screen on standard output, so you can pipe to less.

       -v --version
              Show  version  information  and  API  used to access to data link layer, linux sock
              packet or libpcap.

       -c --count count
              Stop after sending (and receiving) count response packets. After  last  packet  was
              send  hping3 wait COUNTREACHED_TIMEOUT seconds target host replies. You are able to
              tune COUNTREACHED_TIMEOUT editing hping2.h

       -i --interval
              Wait the specified number of seconds or micro seconds between sending each  packet.
              --interval X set wait to X seconds, --interval uX set wait to X micro seconds.  The
              default is to wait one second between each packet. Using hping3 to  transfer  files
              tune this option is really important in order to increase transfer rate. Even using
              hping3  to  perform  idle/spoofing  scanning  you  should  tune  this  option,  see
              HPING3-HOWTO for more information.

       --fast Alias for -i u10000. Hping will send 10 packets for second.

       --faster
              Alias  for  -i u1. Faster then --fast ;) (but not as fast as your computer can send
              packets due to the signal-driven design).

       --flood
              Sent packets as fast as possible, without taking care  to  show  incoming  replies.
              This is ways faster than to specify the -i u0 option.

       -n --numeric
              Numeric  output  only,  No  attempt  will be made to lookup symbolic names for host
              addresses.

       -q --quiet
              Quiet output. Nothing is displayed except the summary lines  at  startup  time  and
              when finished.

       -I --interface interface name
              By  default  on  linux  and  BSD systems hping3 uses default routing interface.  In
              other systems or when there is no default route hping3 uses the first  non-loopback
              interface.   However  you  are  able  to force hping3 to use the interface you need
              using this option. Note: you don't need to specify the whole name, for  example  -I
              et  will  match  eth0 ethernet0 myet1 et cetera. If no interfaces match hping3 will
              try to use lo.

       -V --verbose
              Enable verbose output. TCP replies will be shown as follows:

              len=46 ip=192.168.1.1 flags=RA  DF  seq=0  ttl=255  id=0  win=0  rtt=0.4  ms  tos=0
              iplen=40 seq=0 ack=1380893504 sum=2010 urp=0

       -D --debug
              Enable  debug  mode, it's useful when you experience some problem with hping3. When
              debug mode is enabled you will get more information about interface detection, data
              link  layer  access,  interface  settings,  options  parsing,  fragmentation,  HCMP
              protocol and other stuff.

       -z --bind
              Bind CTRL+Z to time to live (TTL) so you will able to  increment/decrement  ttl  of
              outgoing packets pressing CTRL+Z once or twice.

       -Z --unbind
              Unbind CTRL+Z so you will able to stop hping3.

       --beep Beep for every matching received packet (but not for ICMP errors).

PROTOCOL SELECTION

       Default  protocol  is TCP, by default hping3 will send tcp headers to target host's port 0
       with a winsize of 64 without any tcp flag on. Often this is the best way to  do  an  'hide
       ping', useful when target is behind a firewall that drop ICMP. Moreover a tcp null-flag to
       port 0 has a good probability of not being logged.

       -0 --rawip
              RAW IP mode, in this mode hping3 will  send  IP  header  with  data  appended  with
              --signature  and/or  --file,  see  also  --ipproto  that  allows  you to set the ip
              protocol field.

       -1 --icmp
              ICMP mode, by default hping3 will send ICMP echo-request, you can  set  other  ICMP
              type/code using --icmptype --icmpcode options.

       -2 --udp
              UDP  mode,  by  default  hping3  will send udp to target host's port 0.  UDP header
              tunable options are the following: --baseport, --destport, --keep.

       -8 --scan
              Scan mode, the option expects an argument that describes groups of ports  to  scan.
              port  groups  are  comma separated: a number describes just a single port, so 1,2,3
              means port 1, 2 and 3. ranges  are  specified  using  a  start-end  notation,  like
              1-1000,  that  tell  hping to scan ports between 1 and 1000 (included). the special
              word all is an alias for 0-65535, while the special word  known  includes  all  the
              ports listed in /etc/services.
              Groups can be combined, so the following command line will scan ports between 1 and
              1000  AND  port  8888   AND   ports   listed   in   /etc/services:   hping   --scan
              1-1000,8888,known -S target.host.com
              Groups  can be negated (subtracted) using a ! character as prefix, so the following
              command line will scan all the ports NOT  listed  in  /etc/services  in  the  range
              1-1024: hping --scan '1-1024,!known' -S target.host.com
              Keep  in  mind  that  while hping seems much more like a port scanner in this mode,
              most of the hping switches are still honored, so for example to perform a SYN  scan
              you  need  to  specify  the  -S  option,  you can change the TCP windows size, TTL,
              control the IP fragmentation as usually, and so on. The  only  real  difference  is
              that the standard hping behaviors are encapsulated into a scanning algorithm.
              Tech  note:  The  scan  mode  uses  a  two-processes design, with shared memory for
              synchronization. The scanning algorithm is still not  optimal,  but  already  quite
              fast.
              Hint:  unlike  most  scanners,  hping  shows  some  interesting info about received
              packets, the IP ID, TCP win,  TTL,  and  so  on,  don't  forget  to  look  at  this
              additional  information  when  you perform a scan! Sometimes they shows interesting
              details.

       -9 --listen signature
              HPING3 listen mode,  using  this  option  hping3  waits  for  packet  that  contain
              signature  and  dump  from  signature  end  to  packet's end. For example if hping3
              --listen TEST reads a packet that contain 234-09sdflkjs45-TESThello_world  it  will
              display hello_world.

IP RELATED OPTIONS

       -a --spoof hostname
              Use  this option in order to set a fake IP source address, this option ensures that
              target will not gain your real address. However replies will  be  sent  to  spoofed
              address,  so  you will can't see them. In order to see how it's possible to perform
              spoofed/idle scanning see the HPING3-HOWTO.

       --rand-source
              This option enables the random source mode.  hping will send  packets  with  random
              source  address.  It  is  interesting  to  use this option to stress firewall state
              tables, and other per-ip basis dynamic tables inside the TCP/IP stacks and firewall
              software.

       --rand-dest
              This  option  enables  the random destination mode.  hping will send the packets to
              random addresses obtained following the rule you specify as the  target  host.  You
              need  to  specify  a  numerical  IP  address as target host like 10.0.0.x.  All the
              occurrences of x will be replaced with a random number in the range  0-255.  So  to
              obtain  Internet  IP  addresses  in  the  whole IPv4 space use something like hping
              x.x.x.x --rand-dest.  If you are not sure about what kind of addresses your rule is
              generating  try  to use the --debug switch to display every new destination address
              generated.  When this option is turned on, matching packets will be accept from all
              the destinations.
              Warning:  when  this  option  is  enabled  hping  can't  detect  the right outgoing
              interface for the packets, so you should use the --interface option to  select  the
              desired outgoing interface.

       -t --ttl time to live
              Using  this  option you can set TTL (time to live) of outgoing packets, it's likely
              that you will use this with --traceroute or --bind options. If in doubt try `hping3
              some.host.com -t 1 --traceroute'.

       -N --id
              Set  ip->id  field.  Default  id is random but if fragmentation is turned on and id
              isn't specified it will be getpid() & 0xFFFF, to implement a better solution is  in
              TODO list.

       -H --ipproto
              Set the ip protocol in RAW IP mode.

       -W --winid
              id  from  Windows* systems before Win2k has different byte ordering, if this option
              is enable hping3 will properly display id replies from those Windows.

       -r --rel
              Display id increments instead of id. See the  HPING3-HOWTO  for  more  information.
              Increments aren't computed as id[N]-id[N-1] but using packet loss compensation. See
              relid.c for more information.

       -f --frag
              Split packets in more fragments, this may be useful in  order  to  test  IP  stacks
              fragmentation  performance and to test if some packet filter is so weak that can be
              passed using tiny fragments (anachronistic). Default 'virtual mtu' is 16 bytes. see
              also --mtu option.

       -x --morefrag
              Set  more  fragments  IP flag, use this option if you want that target host send an
              ICMP time-exceeded during reassembly.

       -y --dontfrag
              Set don't fragment IP flag, this can be used to perform MTU path discovery.

       -g --fragoff fragment offset value
              Set the fragment offset.

       -m --mtu mtu value
              Set different 'virtual mtu' than 16 when fragmentation is enabled. If packets  size
              is greater that 'virtual mtu' fragmentation is automatically turned on.

       -o --tos hex_tos
              Set Type Of Service (TOS), for more information try --tos help.

       -G --rroute
              Record route. Includes the RECORD_ROUTE option in each packet sent and displays the
              route buffer of returned packets. Note that the IP header is only large enough  for
              nine  such  routes.  Many hosts ignore or discard this option. Also note that using
              hping you are able to use record route even if  target  host  filter  ICMP.  Record
              route  is an IP option, not an ICMP option, so you can use record route option even
              in TCP and UDP mode.

ICMP RELATED OPTIONS

       -C --icmptype type
              Set icmp type, default is ICMP echo request (implies --icmp).

       -K --icmpcode code
              Set icmp code, default is 0 (implies --icmp).

       --icmp-ipver
              Set IP version of IP header contained into ICMP data, default is 4.

       --icmp-iphlen
              Set IP header length of IP header contained into ICMP data, default is 5  (5  words
              of 32 bits).

       --icmp-iplen
              Set  IP  packet  length  of IP header contained into ICMP data, default is the real
              length.

       --icmp-ipid
              Set IP id of IP header contained into ICMP data, default is random.

       --icmp-ipproto
              Set IP protocol of IP header contained into ICMP data, default is TCP.

       --icmp-cksum
              Set ICMP checksum, for default is the valid checksum.

       --icmp-ts
              Alias for --icmptype 13 (to send ICMP timestamp requests).

       --icmp-addr
              Alias for --icmptype 17 (to send ICMP address mask requests).

TCP/UDP RELATED OPTIONS

       -s --baseport source port
              hping3 uses source port in order to guess replies sequence number. It starts with a
              base source port number, and increase this number for each packet sent. When packet
              is  received   sequence   number   can   be   computed   as   replies.dest.port   -
              base.source.port.   Default  base  source port is random, using this option you are
              able to set different number. If you need that source port  not  be  increased  for
              each sent packet use the -k --keep option.

       -p --destport [+][+]dest port
              Set  destination  port,  default  is  0. If '+' character precedes dest port number
              (i.e. +1024) destination port will be increased for each reply received. If  double
              '+' precedes dest port number (i.e. ++1024), destination port will be increased for
              each packet sent.  By default destination port can be modified interactively  using
              CTRL+z.

       --keep keep still source port, see --baseport for more information.

       -w --win
              Set TCP window size. Default is 64.

       -O --tcpoff
              Set fake tcp data offset. Normal data offset is tcphdrlen / 4.

       -M --tcpseq
              Set the TCP sequence number.

       -L --tcpack
              Set the TCP ack.

       -Q --seqnum
              This  option  can  be used in order to collect sequence numbers generated by target
              host. This can be useful when you need to analyze whether TCP  sequence  number  is
              predictable. Output example:

              #hping3 win98 --seqnum -p 139 -S -i u1 -I eth0
              HPING uaz (eth0 192.168.4.41): S set, 40 headers + 0 data bytes
              2361294848 +2361294848
              2411626496 +50331648
              2545844224 +134217728
              2713616384 +167772160
              2881388544 +167772160
              3049160704 +167772160
              3216932864 +167772160
              3384705024 +167772160
              3552477184 +167772160
              3720249344 +167772160
              3888021504 +167772160
              4055793664 +167772160
              4223565824 +167772160

              The first column reports the sequence number, the second difference between current
              and last sequence number. As  you  can  see  target  host's  sequence  numbers  are
              predictable.

       -b --badcksum
              Send packets with a bad UDP/TCP checksum.

       --tcp-mss
              Enable the TCP MSS option and set it to the given value.

       --tcp-timestamp
              Enable  the  TCP  timestamp option, and try to guess the timestamp update frequency
              and the remote system uptime.

       -F --fin
              Set FIN tcp flag.

       -S --syn
              Set SYN tcp flag.

       -R --rst
              Set RST tcp flag.

       -P --push
              Set PUSH tcp flag.

       -A --ack
              Set ACK tcp flag.

       -U --urg
              Set URG tcp flag.

       -X --xmas
              Set Xmas tcp flag.

       -Y --ymas
              Set Ymas tcp flag.

COMMON OPTIONS

       -d --data data size
              Set packet body size. Warning, using --data 40 hping3  will  not  generate  0  byte
              packets  but  protocol_header+40 bytes. hping3 will display packet size information
              as first line output, like this: HPING www.yahoo.com (ppp0 204.71.200.67): NO FLAGS
              are set, 40 headers + 40 data bytes

       -E --file filename
              Use filename contents to fill packet's data.

       -e --sign signature
              Fill  first signature length bytes of data with signature.  If the signature length
              is bigger than data size an error message will be displayed.  If you don't  specify
              the  data  size hping will use the signature size as data size.  This option can be
              used safely with --file filename option, remainder data space will be filled  using
              filename.

       -j --dump
              Dump received packets in hex.

       -J --print
              Dump received packets' printable characters.

       -B --safe
              Enable  safe  protocol,  using  this  option lost packets in file transfers will be
              resent. For example in order to send file /etc/passwd from host A to host B you may
              use the following:
              [host_a]
              # hping3 host_b --udp -p 53 -d 100 --sign signature --safe --file /etc/passwd
              [host_b]
              # hping3 host_a --listen signature --safe --icmp

       -u --end
              If  you  are  using  --file  filename  option,  tell you when EOF has been reached.
              Moreover prevent that other end accept more packets. Please, for  more  information
              see the HPING3-HOWTO.

       -T --traceroute
              Traceroute  mode.  Using this option hping3 will increase ttl for each ICMP time to
              live 0 during transit received. Try hping3 host --traceroute.  This option  implies
              --bind  and  --ttl  1.  You can override the ttl of 1 using the --ttl option. Since
              2.0.0 stable it prints RTT information.

       --tr-keep-ttl
              Keep the TTL fixed in traceroute mode, so you can  monitor  just  one  hop  in  the
              route.  For  example, to monitor how the 5th hop changes or how its RTT changes you
              can try hping3 host --traceroute --ttl 5 --tr-keep-ttl.

       --tr-stop
              If this option is specified hping will exit once the first  packet  that  isn't  an
              ICMP time exceeded is received. This better emulates the traceroute behavior.

       --tr-no-rtt
              Don't  show  RTT  information  in  traceroute  mode.  The  ICMP  time  exceeded RTT
              information aren't even calculated if this option is set.

       --tcpexitcode
              Exit with last received packet tcp->th_flag as exit code. Useful for  scripts  that
              need, for example, to known if the port 999 of some host reply with SYN/ACK or with
              RST in response to SYN, i.e. the service is up or down.

TCP OUTPUT FORMAT

       The standard TCP output format is the following:

       len=46 ip=192.168.1.1 flags=RA DF seq=0 ttl=255 id=0 win=0 rtt=0.4 ms

       len is the size, in bytes, of the data captured from the data  link  layer  excluding  the
       data  link header size. This may not match the IP datagram size due to low level transport
       layer padding.

       ip is the source ip address.

       flags are the TCP flags, R for RESET, S for SYN, A for ACK, F for FIN, P for PUSH,  U  for
       URGENT, X for not standard 0x40, Y for not standard 0x80.

       If the reply contains DF the IP header has the don't fragment bit set.

       seq  is  the  sequence  number  of  the packet, obtained using the source port for TCP/UDP
       packets, the sequence field for ICMP packets.

       id is the IP ID field.

       win is the TCP window size.

       rtt is the round trip time in milliseconds.

       If you run hping using the -V command line switch it will display  additional  information
       about the packet, example:

       len=46 ip=192.168.1.1 flags=RA DF seq=0 ttl=255 id=0 win=0 rtt=0.4 ms tos=0 iplen=40 seq=0
       ack=1223672061 sum=e61d urp=0

       tos is the type of service field of the IP header.

       iplen is the IP total len field.

       seq and ack are the sequence and acknowledge 32bit numbers in the TCP header.

       sum is the TCP header checksum value.

       urp is the TCP urgent pointer value.

UDP OUTPUT FORMAT

       The standard output format is:

       len=46 ip=192.168.1.1 seq=0 ttl=64 id=0 rtt=6.0 ms

       The field meaning is just the same as the TCP output meaning of the same fields.

ICMP OUTPUT FORMAT

       An example of ICMP output is:

       ICMP Port Unreachable from ip=192.168.1.1 name=nano.marmoc.net

       It is very simple to understand.  It  starts  with  the  string  "ICMP"  followed  by  the
       description  of  the  ICMP  error, Port Unreachable in the example. The ip field is the IP
       source address of the IP datagram containing the ICMP error, the name field  is  just  the
       numerical  address  resolved  to  a  name (a dns PTR request) or UNKNOWN if the resolution
       failed.

       The ICMP Time exceeded during transit or reassembly format is a bit different:

       TTL 0 during transit from ip=192.168.1.1 name=nano.marmoc.net

       TTL 0 during reassembly from ip=192.70.106.25 name=UNKNOWN

       The only difference is the description of the error, it starts with TTL 0.

AUTHOR

       Salvatore Sanfilippo <antirez@invece.org>, with  the  help  of  the  people  mentioned  in
       AUTHORS file and at http://www.hping.org/authors.html

BUGS

       Even  using the --end and --safe options to transfer files the final packet will be padded
       with 0x00 bytes.

       Data is read without  care  about  alignment,  but  alignment  is  enforced  in  the  data
       structures.   This  will not be a problem under i386 but, while usually the TCP/IP headers
       are naturally aligned, may create problems with different processors and bogus packets  if
       there is some unaligned access around the code (hopefully none).

       On solaris hping does not work on the loopback interface. This seems a solaris problem, as
       stated in the tcpdump-workers mailing list, so the libpcap can't do nothing to  handle  it
       properly.

SEE ALSO

       ping(8), traceroute(8), ifconfig(8), nmap(1)

                                           2001 Aug 14                                  HPING3(8)