Provided by: latex2html_2023-debian1-1_all bug

NAME

       latex2html - translate LaTeX files to HTML (HyperText Markup Language)

SYNOPSIS

       latex2html [options] [target [target ...]]

DESCRIPTION

       This  manual page explains the LaTeX2HTML utility, which is a Perl program that translates
       LaTeX document into HTML format. For each source file given as an argument the  translator
       will create a directory containing the corresponding HTML files. For details and examples,
       please consult the online html documentation, a copy  of  which  should  be  available  in
       /usr/share/doc/latex2html/manual.ps.gz or /usr/share/doc/latex2html/html/

CAVEAT

       This documentation has been derived from the TeX manual, and may not be up to date. Please
       refer to the online manual for authoritative documentation.

Options controlling Titles, File-Names and Sectioning

       -t <top-page-title>
              Same as setting: $TITLE = <top-page-title> ; Name the document using this title.

       -short_extn
              Same as setting: $SHORTEXTN = 1; Use a filename prefix of  .htm  for  the  produced
              HTML  files.  This is particularly useful for creating pages to be stored on CD-ROM
              or other media, to be used  with  operating  systems  that  require  a  3-character
              extension.

       -long_titles <num>
              Same  as  setting: $LONG_TITLES = <num>; Instead of the standard names: node1.html,
              node2.html,... the filenames for each HTML page  are  constructed  from  the  first
              <num>  words  of the section heading for that page, separated by the `_' character.
              Commas and common short words (a an to by of and for the)  are  omitted  from  both
              title and word-count.  Warning: Use this switch with great caution. Currently there
              are no checks for uniqueness of names or overall length. Very long names can easily
              result from using this feature.

       -custom_titles
              Same  as  setting:  $CUSTOM_TITLES  = 1; Instead of the standard names: node1.html,
              node2.html, ... the filenames for each HTML  page  are  constructed  using  a  Perl
              subroutine  named  custom_title_hook  .  The user may define his/her own version of
              this subroutine, within a .latex2html-init file say, to override the default (which
              uses  the standard names). This subroutine takes the section-heading as a parameter
              and must return the required name, or the empty string (default).

       -dir <output-directory>
              Same as setting: $DESTDIR  =  <output-directory>  ;  Redirect  the  output  to  the
              specified  directory.   The  default  behaviour is to create (or reuse) a directory
              having the same name as the prefix of the document being processed.

       -no_subdir
              Same as setting: $NO_SUBDIR = 1; Place the generated HTML files  into  the  current
              directory. This overrides any $DESTDIR setting.

       -prefix <filename-prefix>
              Same  as  setting:  $PREFIX  =  <filename-prefix>  ;  The <filename-prefix> will be
              prepended to all .gif, .pl and .html files produced, except for the top-level .html
              file;  it  may  include  a  (relative)  directory  path.  This will enable multiple
              products of LaTeX2HTML to peacefully coexist in the same directory. However, do not
              attempt  to  simultaneously  run  multiple  instances  of LaTeX2HTML using the same
              output directory, else various temporary files will overwrite each other.

       -auto_prefix
              Same as setting: $AUTO_PREFIX = 1;  Constructs  the  prefix  as  `<title>-'  to  be
              prepended  to  all  the files produced, where <title> is the name of the LaTeX file
              being processed.  (Note the `-'  in  this  prefix.)   This  overrides  any  $PREFIX
              setting.

       -no_auto_link
              Same  as  setting:  $NO_AUTO_LINK  =  1;  If  $NO_AUTO_LINK  is empty and variables
              $LINKPOINT and $LINKNAME are defined  appropriately  (as  is  the  default  in  the
              latex2html.config  file), then a hard link to the main HTML page is produced, using
              the name supplied in $LINKNAME.  Typically this is index.html; on  many  systems  a
              file  of  this  name will be used, if it exists, when a browser tries to view a URL
              which points to a directory. On other systems a different value for  $LINKNAME  may
              be  appropriate.  Typically  $LINKPOINT  has value $FILE.html, but this may also be
              changed to match whichever HTML page is to become the target of the automatic link.
              Use  of  the -no_auto_link switch cancels this automatic linking facility, when not
              required for a particular document.

       -split <num>
              Same as setting: $MAX_SPLIT_DEPTH = <num>; (default is 8) Stop  splitting  sections
              into separate files at this depth. Specifying -split 0 will put the entire document
              into a single HTML file. See below for the different levels of sectioning. Also see
              the next item for how to set a ``relative'' depth for splitting.

       -split +<num>
              Same  as  setting:  $MAX_SPLIT_DEPTH = -<num>; (default is 8) The level at which to
              stop splitting sections is calculated  ``relative  to''  the  shallowest  level  of
              sectioning  that  occurs within the document. For example, if the document contains
              \section commands, but no \part or \chapter commands, then  -split  +1  will  cause
              splitting at each \section but not at any deeper level; whereas -split +2 or -split
              +3 also  split  down  to  \subsection  and  \subsubsection  commands  respectively.
              Specifying -split +0 puts the entire document into a single HTML file.

       -link <num>
              Same  as  setting:  $MAX_LINK_DEPTH  =  <num>; (default is 4) For each node, create
              links to child nodes down to this much deeper  than  the  node's  sectioning-level.
              Specifying  -link  0 will show no links to child nodes from that page, -link 1 will
              show only the immediate descendants, etc.  A value at least as big as that  of  the
              -split  <num>  depth will produce a mini table-of-contents (when not empty) on each
              page, for the tree structure rooted at that node.  When the page has a  sectioning-
              level less than the -split depth, so that the a mini table-of-contents has links to
              other HTML pages, this table is located at the bottom of the  page,  unless  placed
              elsewhere using the \tableofchildlinks command.  On pages having a sectioning-level
              just less than the -split  depth  the  mini  table-of-contents  contains  links  to
              subsections  etc.  occurring on the same HTML page. Now the table is located at the
              top of this page, unless placed elsewhere using the \tableofchildlinks command.

       -toc_depth <num>
              Same as setting: $TOC_DEPTH = <num>; (default is 4) Sectioning levels down to <num>
              are to be included within the Table-of-Contents tree.

       -toc_stars
              Same  as  setting:  $TOC_STARS  =  1;  Sections  created  using the starred-form of
              sectioning commands are included  within  the  Table-of-Contents.  As  with  LaTeX,
              normally such sections are not listed.

       -show_section_numbers
              Same  as  setting:  $SHOW_SECTION_NUMBERS  =  1;  Show  section numbers. By default
              section numbers are not shown, so as to encourage the use of particular sections as
              stand-alone  documents.   In  order  to be shown, section titles must be unique and
              must not contain inlined graphics.

       -add_ref_name
              Same as setting: $ADD_REF_NAME = 1; Usually cross reference text contains only  the
              caption  number  as a hyperlink to the corresponding LaTeX label. However, it could
              be handy to see the name of the object referenced,  if  the  reference  text  would
              contain  both  the  caption  number  and  the caption name.  With -add_ref_name the
              caption name is shown additionally when available.

       -cut_ref_num
              Same as setting: $CUT_REF_NUM = 1; Usually cross reference text contains  only  the
              caption  number as a hyperlink to the corresponding LaTeX label. With -add_ref_name
              the caption name can be shown additionally. If the caption number is  not  desired,
              it  can be cut out with -cut_ref_num. If -cut_ref_num is given and -add_ref_name is
              not, then the cross reference text is suppressed completely and a  cross  reference
              button shown instead.

       -unsegment
              Same  as setting: $UNSEGMENT = 1; Treat a segmented document (see the section about
              document segmentation) like it were not segmented. This will cause  the  translator
              to concatenate all segments and process them as a whole. You might find this useful
              to check a segmented document for consistency.  For all  documents  the  sectioning
              levels referred to above are:
               0  document
               1  part
               2  chapter
               3  section
               4  subsection
               5  subsubsection
               6  paragraph
               7  subparagraph
               8  subsubparagraph

       These levels apply even when the document contains no sectioning for the shallower levels;
       e.g. no \part or \chapter commands is most common, especially when using  LaTeX's  article
       document-class.

Options controlling Extensions and Special Features

       The switches described here govern the type of HTML code that can be generated, and how to
       choose  between  the  available  options  when  there  are  alternative   strategies   for
       implementing portions of LaTeX code.

       -html_version (2.0|3.2|4.0|5.0)[,(math|i18n)]*
              Same  as  setting:  $HTML_VERSION  = ...  ; This specifies both the HTML version to
              generate, and any extra (non-standard) HTML features that  may  be  required.   The
              version number corresponds to a published DTD for an HTML standard. A corresponding
              Perl  file  in  the  versions/  subdirectory  is  loaded;  these  files  are  named
              `html<num>.pl'.  Following the version number, a comma-separated list of extensions
              can be given. Each corresponds to a file `<name>.pl' also located in the  versions/
              subdirectory.  When  such a file is loaded the resulting HTML code can no longer be
              expected to validate with the specified DTD. An exception is math when the -no_math
              switch  is  also  used, which should still validate.  Currently, versions 2.0, 3.2,
              4.0 and 5.0 are available.  The default version is usually set to be `5.0',  within
              latex2html.config.

       -no_tex_defs
              Same  as  setting:  $TEXDEFS = 0; (default is 1) When $TEXDEFS is set (default) the
              file texdefs.perl will be read. This provides code to  allow  common  TEX  commands
              like  \def,  \newbox, \newdimen and others, to be recognised, especially within the
              document preamble.  In  the  case  of  \def,  the  definition  may  even  be  fully
              interpreted,  but this requires the pattern-matching to be not too complicated.  If
              $TEXDEFS is `0' or empty, then texdefs.perl will not be loaded; the translator will
              make  no  attempt  to  interpret  any raw TEX commands. This feature is intended to
              enable sophisticated authors the  ability  to  insert  arbitrary  TEX  commands  in
              environments  that  are  destined  to  be  processed by LaTeX anyway; e.g. figures,
              theorems, pictures, etc.  However this should rarely be needed,  as  now  there  is
              better  support  for  these  types  of  environment. There are now other methods to
              specify which chunks of code  are  to  be  passed  to  LaTeX  for  explicit  image-
              generation; see the discussion of the makeimage environment.

       -external_file <filename>
              Same  as  setting:  $EXTERNAL_FILE  = <filename> ; Specifies the prefix of the .aux
              file that this document should read.  The .aux extension will be appended  to  this
              prefix  to  get  the  complete  filename, with directory path if needed.  This file
              could contain necessary information regarding citations, figure, table and  section
              numbers  from LaTeX and perhaps other information also. Use of this switch is vital
              for document segments, processed separately and linked to appear  as  if  generated
              from a single LaTeX document.

       -font_size <size>
              Same as setting: $FONT_SIZE = <size> ; This option provides better control over the
              font size of environments made into images using LaTeX.  <size> must be one of  the
              font  sizes  that  LaTeX  recognizes;  i.e. `10pt', `11pt', `12pt', etc. Default is
              `10pt', or whatever option  may  have  been  specified  on  the  \documentclass  or
              \documentstyle  line.   Whatever  size  is  selected,  it  will be magnified by the
              installation     variables     $MATH_SCALE_FACTOR,     $FIGURE_SCALE_FACTOR     and
              $DISP_SCALE_FACTOR  as appropriate.  Note: This switch provides no control over the
              size of text on the HTML pages. Such control is  subject  entirely  to  the  user's
              choices of settings for the browser windows.

       -scalable_fonts
              Same  as  setting:  $SCALABLE_FONTS  = 1; This is used when scalable fonts, such as
              PostScript versions of the TEX fonts, are available for image-generation.   It  has
              the  effect  of  setting  $PK_GENERATION  to  `1',  and  $DVIPS_MODE  to  be empty,
              overriding any previous settings for these variables.

       -no_math
              Same as setting: $NO_SIMPLE_MATH = 1; Ordinarily  simple  mathematical  expressions
              are  set  using the ordinary text font, but italicized. When part of the expression
              can not be represented this way, an image is made of the  whole  formula.  This  is
              called  ``simple  math''. When $NO_SIMPLE_MATH is set, then all mathematics is made
              into images, whether simple or not.  However, if  the  math  extension  is  loaded,
              using the -html_version switch described earlier, then specifying -no_math produces
              a quite different effect. Now it is the special <MATH> tags and entities which  are
              canceled.   In   their  place  a  sophisticated  scheme  for  parsing  mathematical
              expressions is used. Images are made of those sub-parts of a formula  which  cannot
              be  adequately  expressed  using  (italicized)  text characters and <SUB> and <SUP>
              tags. See the subsection on mathematics for more details.

       -local_icons
              Same as setting: $LOCAL_ICONS = 1; A copy of each of the icons actually used within
              the  document  is  placed  in the directory along with the HTML files and generated
              images. This allows the whole document to  be  fully  self-contained,  within  this
              directory;  otherwise  the  icons must be retrieved from a (perhaps remote) server.
              It is also the default behavior if $ICONSERVER is not set.  The icons are  normally
              copied from a subdirectory of the

              $LATEX2HTMLDIR,
               set  within  latex2html.config.  An  alternative  set  of  icons  can  be  used by
              specifying  a  (relative)  directory  path  in  $ALTERNATIVE_ICONS  to  where   the
              customised images can be found.

       -init_file <file>
              Load the specified initialisation file. This Perl file will be loaded after loading
              $HOME/.latex2html-init, or .latex2html-init in the local directory, if either  file
              exists. It is read at the time the switch is processed, so the contents of the file
              may change any of  the  values  of  any  of  the  variables  that  were  previously
              established,  as well as any default options. More than one initialisation file can
              be read in this way.

       -no_fork
              Same as setting: $NOFORK = 1; When set this disables a feature in the early part of
              the  processing  whereby some memory-intensive operations are performed by `forked'
              child processes. Some single-task operating systems, such as DOS,  do  not  support
              this  feature.  Having  $NOFORK set then ensures that unnecessary file-handles that
              are needed with the forked  processes,  are  not  consumed  unnecessarily,  perhaps
              resulting in a fatal Perl error.

       -iso_language <type>
              This  enables  you to specify a different language type than 'EN' to be used in the
              lang attribute of the HTML document, e.g. 'en-US'.

       -short_index
              Same as setting: $SHORT_INDEX = 1; Creates shorter Index listings,  using  codified
              links; this is fully compatible with the makeidx package.

       -no_footnode
              Same as setting: $NO_FOOTNODE = 1; Suppresses use of a separate file for footnotes;
              instead these are placed at the bottom of  the  HTML  pages  where  the  references
              occur.  When this option is used, it is frequently desirable to change the style of
              the marker used to indicate the presence of a footnote. This is done as  in  LaTeX,
              using code such as follows.  \renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\arabic{footnote}} All the
              styles \arabic, \alph, \roman, \Alph and \Roman are available.

       -numbered_footnotes
              Same as setting: $NUMBERED_FOOTNOTES = 1;  If  this  is  set  you  will  get  every
              footnote applied with a subsequent number, to ease readability.

       -address <author-address>
              Same  as  setting:  $ADDRESS = <author-address> ; Sign each page with this address.
              See latex2html.config for an example using Perl code to automatically  include  the
              date.   A  user-defined Perl subroutine called &custom_address can be used instead,
              if defined; it takes the value of $ADDRESS as a parameter, which  may  be  used  or
              ignored  as  desired.  At  the  time when this subroutine will be called, variables
              named $depth, $title, $file hold the sectioning-level, title and  filename  of  the
              HTML  page  being produced; $FILE holds the name of the filename for the title-page
              of the whole document.

       -info <string>
              Same as setting: $INFO = <string> ; Generate a new section ``About this  document''
              containing  information  about  the  document  being  translated. The default is to
              generate such a section with information on the original document,  the  date,  the
              user  and  the translator. An empty string (or the value `0') disables the creation
              of this extra section.  If a non-empty string is given, it will be  placed  as  the
              contents of the ``About this document'' page instead of the default information.

Switches controlling Image Generation

       These  switches affect whether images are created at all, whether old images are reused on
       subsequent runs or new ones created afresh, and whether  anti-aliasing  effects  are  used
       within the images themselves.

       -use_dvipng
              Use  the dvipng program to generate png images, rather than using dvips followed by
              gs.   This  method  produces  better  alignment  of  math  formulas  which   extend
              significantly above or below the line of text in which they are contained.

       -nouse_pdftex
              Generate  intermediate  images  with  plain  latex  instead  of  pdflatex.  If your
              document is written for pdflatex, run ``pdflatex'' first and  then  ``latex2html''.
              If your document is written for plain, dvi-producing latex, run ``latex'' first and
              then ``latex2html -nouse_pdftex''.

       -use_luatex
              Generate intermediate images with lualatex instead of plain  latex.   Produced  PDF
              output  will  then be translated into images with GhostScript.  Useful for lualatex
              documents which cannot be translated by latex or pdflatex.

       -use_luadvi
              Generate intermediate images with dvilualatex instead of plain latex.   Useful  for
              dvilualatex documents which cannot be translated by latex.

       -ascii_mode
              Same  as setting: $ASCII_MODE = $EXTERNAL_IMAGES = 1; Use only ASCII characters and
              do not include any images in the final output. With -ascii_mode the output  of  the
              translator  can  be  used  on  character-based browsers, such as lynx, which do not
              support inlined images (via the <IMG> tag).

       -nolatex
              Same  as  setting:  $NOLATEX  =  1;  Disable  the  mechanism  for  passing  unknown
              environments  to  LaTeX  for  processing.  This can be thought of as ``draft mode''
              which allows faster translation of the basic document structure and  text,  without
              fancy  figures,  equations  or  tables.   (This  option  has been superseded by the
              -no_images option, see below.)

       -external_images
              Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_IMAGES = 1; Instead of including  any  generated  images
              inside the document, leave them outside the document and provide hypertext links to
              them.

       -ps_images
              Same as  setting:  $PS_IMAGES  =  $EXTERNAL_IMAGES  =  1;  Use  links  to  external
              PostScript files rather than inlined images in the chosen graphics format.

       -discard
              Same  as  setting:  $DISCARD_PS  =  1; The temporary PostScript files are discarded
              immediately after they have been used to create the image in the  desired  graphics
              format.

       -no_images
              Same  as setting: $NO_IMAGES = 1; Do not attempt to produce any inlined images. The
              missing images can be generated ``off-line''  by  restarting  LaTeX2HTML  with  the
              option -images_only .

       -images_only
              Same as setting: $IMAGES_ONLY = 1; Try to convert any inlined images that were left
              over from previous runs of LaTeX2HTML.

       -reuse <reuse_option>
              Same as setting: $REUSE = <reuse_option>; This switch specifies the extent to which
              image  files are to be shared or recycled.  There are three valid options: [*] 0 Do
              not ever share or recycle image files.  This choice  also  invokes  an  interactive
              session prompting the user about what to do about a pre-existing HTML directory, if
              it exists.  [*] 1 Recycle image files from a previous run if  they  are  available,
              but  do not share identical images that must be created in this run.  [*] 2 Recycle
              image files from a previous run and share identical images from this run.  This  is
              the default.  A later section provides additional information about image-reuse.

       -no_reuse
              Same  as  setting:  $REUSE  =  0;  Do  not share or recycle images generated during
              previous translations.  This is equivalent to -reuse 0  .  (This  will  enable  the
              initial interactive session during which the user is asked whether to reuse the old
              directory, delete its contents or quit.)

       -antialias
              Same as setting: $ANTI_ALIAS = 1; (Default  is  0.)   Generated  images  of  figure
              environments  and  external  PostScript  files should use anti-aliasing. By default
              anti-aliasing is not used with these images, since  this  may  interfere  with  the
              contents of the images themselves.

       -antialias_text
              Same as setting: $ANTI_ALIAS_TEXT = 1; (Default is 1.)  Generated images of typeset
              material such as text, mathematical formulas, tables and the content  of  makeimage
              environments,  should  use  anti-aliasing  effects.  The default is normally to use
              anti-aliasing for text, since the resulting  images  are  much  clearer  on-screen.
              However the default may have been changed locally.

       -no_antialias
              Same  as  setting:  $ANTI_ALIAS  =  0;  (Default is 0.)  Generated images of figure
              environments and external  PostScript  files  should  not  use  anti-aliasing  with
              images, though the local default may have been changed to use it.

       -no_antialias_text
              Same as setting: $ANTI_ALIAS_TEXT = 0; (Default is 1.)  Generated images of typeset
              material should not use anti-aliasing effects. Although on-screen  images  of  text
              are  definitely  improved using anti-aliasing, printed images can be badly blurred,
              even at 300dpi. Higher resolution printers do a much better job with the  resulting
              grey-scale images.

       -white Same  as  setting:  $WHITE_BACKGROUND  = 1; (Default is 1.)  Ensures that images of
              figure environments have a white background.  Otherwise  transparency  effects  may
              not work correctly.

       -no_white
              Same  as  setting: $WHITE_BACKGROUND = ''; (Default is 1.)  Cancels the requirement
              that figure environments have a white background.

       -ldump Same as setting: $LATEX_DUMP = 1; (Default is 0.)  Use this if you want to speed up
              image  processing  during  the  2nd  and  subsequent runs of LaTeX2HTML on the same
              document. The translator now produces  a  LaTeX  format-dump  of  the  preamble  to
              images.tex which is used on subsequent runs. This significantly reduces the startup
              time when LaTeX reads the  images.tex  file  for  image-generation.   This  process
              actually  consumes additional time on the first run, since LaTeX is called twice --
              once to create the format-dump, then again to load and use it.  The  pay-off  comes
              with  the  faster  loading on subsequent runs. Approximately 1 Meg of disk space is
              consumed by the dump file.

Switches controlling Navigation Panels

       The following switches govern whether to include one or more  navigation  panels  on  each
       HTML page, also which buttons to include within such a panel.

       -no_navigation
              Same  as  setting: $NO_NAVIGATION = 1; Disable the mechanism for putting navigation
              links  in  each  page.   This  overrides  any  settings  of  the   $TOP_NAVIGATION,
              $BOTTOM_NAVIGATION and $AUTO_NAVIGATION variables.

       -top_navigation
              Same as setting: $TOP_NAVIGATION = 1; Put navigation links at the top of each page.

       -bottom_navigation
              Same as setting: $BOTTOM_NAVIGATION = 1; Put navigation links at the bottom of each
              page as well as the top.

       -auto_navigation
              Same as setting: $AUTO_NAVIGATION = 1; Put navigation links  at  the  top  of  each
              page.  Also  put  one at the bottom of the page, if the page exceeds $WORDS_IN_PAGE
              number of words (default = 450).

       -next_page_in_navigation
              Same as setting: $NEXT_PAGE_IN_NAVIGATION = 1; Put a link to the next logical  page
              in the navigation panel.

       -previous_page_in_navigation
              Same  as  setting:  $PREVIOUS_PAGE_IN_NAVIGATION  =  1;  Put a link to the previous
              logical page in the navigation panel.

       -contents_in_navigation
              Same as setting: $CONTENTS_IN_NAVIGATION = 1; Put a link to  the  table-of-contents
              in the navigation panel if there is one.

       -index_in_navigation
              Same  as  setting:  $INDEX_IN_NAVIGATION  =  1; Put a link to the index-page in the
              navigation panel if there is an index.

Switches for Linking to other documents

       When processing a single stand-alone document, the  switches  described  in  this  section
       should  not  be  needed  at  all,  since  the  automatically  generated navigation panels,
       described on the previous page should generate all the required navigation links.  However
       if  a  document  is  to be regarded as part of a much larger document, then links from its
       first and final pages, to locations in other parts of the larger (virtual) document,  need
       to  be provided explicitly for some of the buttons in the navigation panel.  The following
       switches allow for such links to other documents, by  providing  the  title  and  URL  for
       navigation   panel  hyperlinks.  In  particular,  the  ``Document  Segmentation''  feature
       necessarily makes great use of these switches. It is usual for the  text  and  targets  of
       these  navigation hyperlinks to be recorded in a Makefile, to avoid tedious typing of long
       command-lines having many switches.

       -up_url <URL>
              Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_UP_LINK = <URL> ; Specifies a universal resource locator
              (URL) to associate with the ``UP'' button in the navigation panel(s).

       -up_title <string>
              Same  as setting: $EXTERNAL_UP_TITLE = <string> ; Specifies a title associated with
              this URL.

       -prev_url <URL>
              Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_PREV_LINK = <URL> ; Specifies a URL  to  associate  with
              the ``PREVIOUS'' button in the navigation panel(s).

       -prev_title <string>
              Same  as  setting:  $EXTERNAL_PREV_TITLE  = <string> ; Specifies a title associated
              with this URL.

       -down_url <URL>
              Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_DOWN_LINK = <URL> ; Specifies a  URL  for  the  ``NEXT''
              button in the navigation panel(s).

       -down_title <string>
              Same  as  setting:  $EXTERNAL_DOWN_TITLE  = <string> ; Specifies a title associated
              with this URL.

       -contents <URL>
              Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_CONTENTS = <URL> ; Specifies a URL for the  ``CONTENTS''
              button, for document segments that would not otherwise have one.

       -index <URL>
              Same  as  setting:  $EXTERNAL_INDEX  =  <URL>  ;  Specifies a URL for the ``INDEX''
              button, for document segments that otherwise would not have an index.

       -biblio <URL>
              Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_BIBLIO = <URL> ; Specifies the URL for the  bibliography
              page to be used, when not explicitly part of the document itself.  Warning: On some
              systems it is difficult to give text-strings <string> containing space  characters,
              on  the  command-line  or  via  a  Makefile. One way to overcome this is to use the
              corresponding variable. Another way is to replace the spaces with underscores (_).

Switches for Help and Tracing

       The first two of the following switches  are  self-explanatory.  When  problems  arise  in
       processing  a  document,  the switches -debug and -verbosity will each cause LaTeX2HTML to
       generate more output to the screen. These extra messages should help to locate  the  cause
       of the problem.

       -tmp <path>
              Define  a  temporary  directory  to  use  for image generation. If <path> is 0, the
              standard temporary directory /tmp is used.

       -h(elp)
              Print out the list of all command-line options.

       -v     Print the current version of LaTeX2HTML.

       -debug Same as setting:  $DEBUG  =  1;  Run  in  debug-mode,  displaying  messages  and/or
              diagnostic information about files read, and utilities called by LaTeX2HTML.  Shows
              any messages produced by these calls.  More extensive diagnostics,  from  the  Perl
              debugger,  can  be  obtained  by  appending the string `-w-' to the 1st line of the
              latex2html (and other) Perl script(s).

       -verbosity <num>
              Same as setting: $VERBOSITY = <num>; Display messages revealing certain aspects  of
              the  processing  performed  by  LaTeX2HTML on the provided input file(s). The <num>
              parameter can be an integer in the range 0 to 8. Each  higher  value  adds  to  the
              messages produced.

       0.     No special tracing; as for versions of LaTeX2HTML prior to V97.1.

       1.     (This is the default.) Show section-headings and the corresponding HTML file names,
              and indicators that major stages in the processing have been completed.

       2.     Print environment  names  and  identifier  numbers,  and  new  theorem-types.  Show
              warnings  as  they occur, and indicators for more stages of processing. Print names
              of files for storing auxiliary data arrays.

       3.     Print command names as  they  are  encountered  and  processed;  also  any  unknown
              commands   encountered   while   pre-processing.   Show   names  of  new  commands,
              environments,  theorems,  counters  and  counter-dependencies,  for  each  document
              partition.

       4.     Indicate  command-substitution  the  pre-process  of  math-environments.  Print the
              contents of unknown environments for processing in LaTeX,  both  before  and  after
              reverting  to  LaTeX  source. Show all operations affecting the values of counters.
              Also show links, labels and sectioning keys, at the stages of processing.

       5.     Detail  the  processing  in  the  document  preamble.  Show  substitutions  of  new
              environments.  Show  the  contents  of all recognised environments, both before and
              after processing. Show the cached/encoded information for the image keys,  allowing
              two images to be tested for equality.

       6.     Show replacements of new commands, accents and wrapped commands.

       7.     Trace the processing of commands in math mode; both before and after.

       8.     Trace  the  processing  of  all  commands, both before and after.  The command-line
              option sets an initial value only. During processing the value of $VERBOSITY can be
              set  dynamically using the \htmltracing{...} command, whose argument is the desired
              value,  or   by   using   the   more   general   \HTMLset   command   as   follows:
              \HTMLset{VERBOSITY}{<num>}.

Other Configuration Variables, without switches

       The  configuration variables described here do not warrant having a command-line switch to
       assign values. Either they represent aspects of LaTeX2HTML that are specific to the  local
       site,  or they govern properties that should apply to all documents, rather than something
       that typically would change for the different documents within a particular sub-directory.
       Normally  these  variables  have their value set within the latex2html.config file. In the
       following listing the defaults are shown, as the lines of  Perl  code  used  to  establish
       these  values.  If  a different value is required, then these can be assigned from a local
       .latex2html-init initialisation file, without affecting the defaults for other  users,  or
       documents processed from other directories.

       $dd    holds  the  string  to  be  used  in  file-names  to delimit directories; it is set
              internally to `/', unless the variable  has  already  been  given  a  value  within
              latex2html.config  .   Note:  This  value  cannot  be set within a .latex2html-init
              initialisation file, since its value needs to be known in  order  to  find  such  a
              file.

       $LATEX2HTMLDIR
              Read  by the install-test script from latex2html.config, its value is inserted into
              the latex2html Perl script as part of the installation process.

       $LATEX2HTMLSTYLES = $LATEX2HTMLDIR/styles ;
              Read from the latex2html.config file by  install-test,  its  value  is  checked  to
              locate the styles/ directory.

       $LATEX2HTMLVERSIONS = $LATEX2HTMLDIR/versions ;
              The  value  of  this variable should be set within latex2html.config to specify the
              directory path where the version and extension files can be found.

       $ALTERNATIVE_ICONS = '';
              This may contain the (relative) directory path to a set of customised icons  to  be
              used in conjunction with the -local_icons switch.

       $TEXEXPAND = $LATEX2HTMLDIR/texexpand ;
              Read  by  the install-test Perl script from latex2html.config, its value is used to
              locate the texexpand Perl script.

       $PSTOIMG = $LATEX2HTMLDIR/pstoimg ;
              Read by the install-test Perl script from latex2html.config, its value is  used  to
              locate the pstoimg Perl script.

       $IMAGE_TYPE = '<image-type>';
              Set  in  latex2html.config, the currently supported <image-type>s are: svg, png and
              gif.  Vector formats such as svg look  better  at  high  resolution,  while  bitmap
              formats such as png or gif are generally faster to download and to render.

       $DVIPS = 'dvips';
              Read  from  latex2html.config  by  install-test, its value is checked to locate the
              dvips program or script.  There could be several reasons to change the value here:

                     add a switch -P<printer> to load a specific configuration-file; e.g. to  use
                     a specific set of PostScript fonts, for improved image-generation.

                     to prepend a path to a different version of dvips than normally available as
                     the system default (e.g. the printing requirements are different).

                     to append debugging switches, in case of poor quality images;  one  can  see
                     which paths are being searched for fonts and other resources.

                     to  prepend commands for setting path variables that dvips may need in order
                     to locate fonts or other resources.

              If automatic generation  of  fonts  is  required,  using  Metafont,  the  following
              configuration variables are important.

              $PK_GENERATION = 1;
                     This variable must be set, to initiate font-generation; otherwise fonts will
                     be scaled from existing resources on the local system.  In  particular  this
                     variable  must  not  be  set, if one wishes to use PostScript fonts or other
                     scalable font resources (see the -scalable_fonts switch).

              $DVIPS_MODE = 'toshiba';
                     The mode given here must be available in the modes.mf file, located with the
                     Metafont resource files, perhaps in the misc/ subdirectory.

              $METAFONT_DPI = 180;
                     The  required  resolution,  in  dots-per-inch, should be listed specifically
                     within the MakeTeXPK script, called by dvips to  invoke  Metafont  with  the
                     correct parameters for the required fonts.

       $LATEX = 'latex';
              Read  from  latex2html.config  by  install-test, its value is checked to locate the
              latex program or script.  If LaTeX is having  trouble  finding  style-files  and/or
              packages,  then  the  default  command  can be prepended with other commands to set
              environment variables intended  to  resolve  these  difficulties;  e.g.   $LATEX  =
              'setenv  TEXINPUTS <path to search> ; latex' .  There are several variables to help
              control exactly which files are read by LaTeX2HTML and  by  LaTeX  when  processing
              images:

              $TEXINPUTS
                     This  is  normally  set  from  the environment variable of the same name. If
                     difficulties occur so that styles and packages are  not  being  found,  then
                     extra paths can be specified here, to resolve these difficulties.

              $DONT_INCLUDE
                     This  provides  a  list  of filenames and extensions to not include, even if
                     requested  to  do  so  by  an  \input   or   \include   command.    (Consult
                     latex2html.config for the default list.)

              $DO_INCLUDE = '';
                     List of exceptions within the $DONT_INCLUDE list. These files are to be read
                     if requested by an \input or \include command.

       $ICONSERVER = '<URL>';
              This is used to specify a  URL  to  find  the  standard  icons,  as  used  for  the
              navigation  buttons.   Names  for  the  specific  images  size,  as  well  as  size
              information, can be  found  in  latex2html.config.  The  icons  themselves  can  be
              replaced by customised versions, provided this information is correctly updated and
              the location of the customised images specified as the value of $ICONSERVER.   When
              the  -local_icons  switch  is  used, so that a copy of the icons is placed with the
              HTML files and other generated images, the  value  of  $ICONSERVER  is  not  needed
              within the HTML files themselves.

       $NAV_BORDER = <num>;
              The  value given here results in a border, measured in points, around each icon.  A
              value of `0' is common, to maintain strict alignment of inactive and active buttons
              in the control panels.

       $LINKNAME = '"index.$EXTN"';
              This  is  used  when  the  $NO_AUTO_LINK  variable  is empty, to allow a URL to the
              working directory to be  sufficient  to  reach  the  main  page  of  the  completed
              document. It specifies the name of the HTML file which will be automatically linked
              to the directory name.  The value of $EXTN is .html unless $SHORTEXTN  is  set,  in
              which case it is .htm .

       $LINKPOINT = '"$FILE$EXTN"';
              This  specifies the name of the HTML file to be duplicated, or symbolically linked,
              with the name specified in $LINKNAME.  At the appropriate time the value  of  $FILE
              is  the  document  name,  which  usually  coincides  with  the  name of the working
              directory.

       $CHARSET = 'utf-8';
              This specifies the character set used within the HTML pages produced by LaTeX2HTML.
              If  no  value  is  set in a configuration or initialisation file, the default value
              will be assumed. The lowercase form  $charset  is  also  recognised,  but  this  is
              overridden by the uppercase form.

       $ACCENT_IMAGES = 'large';
              Accented  characters  that  are not part of the ISO-Latin fonts can be generated by
              making an image using LaTeX.  This variable contains a  (comma-separated)  list  of
              LaTeX  commands for setting the style to be used when these images are made. If the
              value of this variable is empty then the accent is simply  ignored,  using  an  un-
              accented font character (not an image) instead.

       Within  the color.perl package, the following two variables are used to identify the names
       of files containing  specifications  for  named  colors.  Files  having  these  names  are
       provided,  in  the  $LATEX2HTMLSTYLES  directory,  but  they  could be moved elsewhere, or
       replaced by alternative files having different names.  In such a case the values of  these
       variables should be altered accordingly.

       $RGBCOLORFILE = 'rgb.txt';

       $CRAYOLAFILE = 'crayola.txt';

       The  following  variables  may  well be altered from the system defaults, but this is best
       done using a local .latex2html-init initialisation file, for overall consistency of  style
       within documents located at the same site, or sites in close proximity.

       $default_language = 'english';
              This establishes which language code is to be placed within the <!DOCTYPE ... > tag
              that may appear at the beginning of the HTML pages produced. Loading a package  for
              an  alternative language can be expected to change the value of this variable.  See
              also the $TITLES_LANGUAGE variable, described next.

       $TITLES_LANGUAGE = 'english';
              This variable is used to specify the actual  strings  used  for  standard  document
              sections,  such  as  ``Contents'',  ``References'',  ``Table  of  Contents'',  etc.
              Support for French and  German  titles  is  available  in  corresponding  packages.
              Loading  such  a package will normally alter the value of this variable, as well as
              the $default_language variable described above.

       $WORDS_IN_NAVIGATION_PANEL_TITLES = 4;
              Specifies how many words to use from section titles, within the textual  hyperlinks
              which accompany the navigation buttons.

       $WORDS_IN_PAGE = 450;
              Specifies  the  minimum page length required before a navigation panel is placed at
              the bottom of a page, when the $AUTO_NAVIGATION variable is set.

       $CHILDLINE = "<BR><HR>\n";
              This gives the HTML code to  be  placed  between  the  child-links  table  and  the
              ordinary contents of the page on which it occurs.

       $NETSCAPE_HTML = 0;
              When  set,  this  variable  specifies  that HTML code may be present which does not
              conform to any official standard. This restricts the contents of any <!DOCTYPE  ...
              > tag which may be placed at the beginning of the HTML pages produced.

       $BODYTEXT = '';
              The  value  of  this  variable is used within the <BODY ... > tag; e.g. to set text
              and/or background colors.  It's value is overridden by the \bodytext  command,  and
              can  be  added-to  or  parts  changed  using  the  \htmlbody  command or \color and
              \pagecolor from the color package.

       $INTERLACE = 1;
              When set, interlaced images should be produced.  This requires  graphics  utilities
              to be available to perform the interlacing operation.

       $TRANSPARENT_FIGURES = 1;
              When  set,  the  background  of  images should be made transparent; otherwise it is
              white.  This requires graphics utilities to be  available  which  can  specify  the
              color to be made transparent.

       $FIGURE_SCALE_FACTOR = 1;
              Scale  factor  applied  to  all images of figure and other environments, when being
              made into an image.  Note that  this  does  not  apply  to  recognised  mathematics
              environments,   which   instead   use   the   contents  of  $MATH_SCALE_FACTOR  and
              $DISP_SCALE_FACTOR to specify scaling.

       $MATH_SCALE_FACTOR = 1;
              Scale factor applied to all images of mathematics, both  inline  and  displayed.  A
              value of 1.4 is a good alternative, with anti-aliased images.

       $DISP_SCALE_FACTOR = 1;
              Extra  scale  factor  applied  to images of displayed math environments.  When set,
              this value multiplies $MATH_SCALE_FACTOR to give the  total  scaling.  A  value  of
              `1.2' is a good choice to accompany $MATH_SCALE_FACTOR = 1.4;.

       $EXTRA_IMAGE_SCALE
              This  may  hold  an extra scale factor that can be applied to all generated images.
              When set, it specifies that a scaling of $EXTRA_IMAGE_SCALE be applied when  images
              are  created,  but  to  have their height and width recorded as the un-scaled size.
              This is to coax browsers into scaling  the  (usually  larger)  images  to  fit  the
              desired  size;  when  printed a better quality can be obtained. Values of `1.5' and
              `2' give good print quality at 600dpi.

       $PAPERSIZE = 'a5';
              Specifies the size of a page for typesetting figures or  displayed  math,  when  an
              image is to be generated.  This affects the lengths of lines of text within images.
              Since images of text or mathematics should use larger sizes than when printed, else
              clarity  is  lost  at  screen  resolutions,  then a smaller paper-size is generally
              advisable.  This  is   especially   so   if   both   the   $MATH_SCALE_FACTOR   and
              $DISP_SCALE_FACTOR  scaling  factors  are  being  used, else some images may become
              excessively large, including a lot of blank space.

       $LINE_WIDTH = 500;
              Formerly specified the width of an image, when the contents were to  be  right-  or
              center-justified. (No longer used.)

       The following variables are used to access the utilities required during image-generation.
       File and program locations on the local system are established  by  the  configure-pstoimg
       Perl  script and stored within $LATEX2HTMLDIR/local.pm as Perl code, to be read by pstoimg
       when required.  After running the configure-pstoimg Perl script it should not be necessary
       to  alter  the values obtained. Those shown below are what happens on the author's system;
       they are for illustration only and do not represent default values.

        $GS_LIB = '/usr/local/share/ghostscript/4.02';
        $PNMCAT = '/usr/local/bin/pnmcat';
        $PNMQUANT = '/usr/local/bin/pnmquant';
        $PNMFLIP = '/usr/local/bin/pnmflip';
        $PPMTOGIF = '/usr/local/bin/ppmtogif';
        $HOWTO_TRANSPARENT_GIF = 'netpbm';
        $GS_DEVICE = 'pnmraw';
        $GS = '/usr/local/bin/gs';
        $PNMFILE = '/usr/local/bin/pnmfile';
        $HOWTO_INTERLACE_GIF = 'netpbm';
        $PBMMAKE = '/usr/local/bin/pbmmake';
        $PNMCROP = '/usr/local/bin/pnmcrop';
        $TMP = '/usr/var/tmp'; The following variables are no longer needed, having been replaced
       by the more specific information obtained using the Perl script configure-pstoimg.
        $USENETPBM = 1;
        $PBMPLUSDIR = '/usr/local/bin';

SEE ALSO

       latex(1)

AUTHOR

       Nikos  Drakos,  Computer Based Learning Unit, University of Leeds <nikos@cbl.leeds.ac.uk>.
       Several people have contributed suggestions, ideas, solutions, support and  encouragement.
       The  current  maintainer  is Ross Moore.  This manual page was written by Manoj Srivastava
       <srivasta@debian.org>, for the Debian GNU/Linux system, based on the  LaTeX  documentation
       accompanying the program.