Provided by: stm32flash_0.7-1_amd64 bug

NAME

       stm32flash - flashing utility for STM32 through UART or I2C

SYNOPSIS

       stm32flash  [-cfhjkouvCR]  [-a  bus_address] [-b baud_rate] [-m serial_mode] [-r filename]
       [-w filename] [-e num] [-n count] [-g address] [-s start_page] [-S  address[:length]]  [-F
       RX_length[:TX_length]] [-i GPIO_string] [tty_device | i2c_device]

DESCRIPTION

       stm32flash reads or writes the flash memory of STM32.

       It  requires  the STM32 to embed a bootloader compliant with ST application note AN3155 or
       AN4221.  stm32flash uses the serial port tty_device or the i2c port i2c_device to interact
       with the bootloader of STM32.

OPTIONS

       -a bus_address
              Specify address on bus for i2c_device.  This option is mandatory for I2C interface.

       -b baud_rate
              Specify  baud  rate  speed of tty_device.  Please notice that the ST bootloader can
              automatically detect the baud rate, as explained in  chapter  2  of  AN3155.   This
              option  could  be required together with option -c or if following interaction with
              bootloader is expected.  Default is 57600.

       -m mode
              Specify the format of UART data.  mode is a three characters long string where each
              character  specifies,  in  this strict order, character size, parity and stop bits.
              The only values currently used are 8e1 for standard STM32 bootloader  and  8n1  for
              standard STM32W bootloader.  Default is 8e1.

       -r filename
              Specify  to  read  the  STM32 flash and write its content in filename in raw binary
              format (see below FORMAT CONVERSION).

       -w filename
              Specify to write the STM32 flash with the content of filename.  File format can  be
              either  raw  binary or intel hex (see below FORMAT CONVERSION).  The file format is
              automatically detected.  To by-pass format detection and force binary mode (e.g. to
              write an intel hex content in STM32 flash), use -f option.

       -u     Specify  to  disable  write-protection  from  STM32 flash.  The STM32 will be reset
              after this operation.

       -j     Enable the flash read-protection.

       -k     Disable the flash read-protection.

       -o     Erase only.

       -e num Specify to erase num pages before writing  the  flash.  Default  is  to  erase  the
              necessary  pages based on the file content size and/or parameters provided with the
              -S option, or the whole flash if this cannot be determined. With  -e  0  the  flash
              would not be erased.

       -v     Specify to verify flash content after write operation.

       -n count
              Specify to retry failed writes up to count times. Default is 10 times.

       -g address
              Specify address to start execution from (0 = flash start).

       -s start_page
              Specify flash page offset (0 = flash start).

       -S address[:length]
              Specify start address and optionally length for read/write/erase/crc operations.

       -F RX_length[:TX_length]
              Specify  the maximum frame size for the current interface.  Due to STM32 bootloader
              protocol, host will never handle frames bigger than 256 byte in RX or 258  byte  in
              TX.   Due  to current code, lowest limit in RX is 20 byte (to read a complete reply
              of command GET). Minimum limit in TX is 5 byte, required by protocol.

       -f     Force binary parser while reading file with -w.

       -h     Show help.

       -c     Specify to resume the existing UART connection and don't send initial INIT sequence
              to  detect  baud  rate. Baud rate must be kept the same as the existing connection.
              This is useful if the reset fails.

       -i GPIO_string
              Specify the GPIO sequences on the host to force STM32 to enter and exit  bootloader
              mode.  GPIO  can  either  be real GPIO connected from host to STM32 beside the UART
              connection, or UART's modem signals  used  as  GPIO.  (See  below  BOOTLOADER  GPIO
              SEQUENCE for the format of GPIO_string and further explanation).

       -C     Specify  to  compute  CRC on memory content.  By default the CRC is computed on the
              whole flash content.  Use -S to provide different memory address range.

       -R     Specify to reset the device at exit.  This option is ignored if either -g,  -j,  -k
              or -u is also specified.

BOOTLOADER GPIO SEQUENCE

       This feature is currently available on Linux host only.

       As  explained in ST application note AN2606, after reset the STM32 will execute either the
       application program in user flash or the bootloader, depending on  the  level  applied  at
       specific pins of STM32 during reset.

       STM32  bootloader  is  automatically  activated  by  configuring the pins BOOT0="high" and
       BOOT1="low" and then by applying a reset.  Application program in user flash is  activated
       by  configuring the pin BOOT0="low" (the level on BOOT1 is ignored) and then by applying a
       reset.

       When GPIO from host computer are connected to  either  configuration  and  reset  pins  of
       STM32,  stm32flash  can  control  the  host  GPIO to reset STM32 and to force execution of
       bootloader or execution of application program.

       The sequence of GPIO values to entry to and exit from bootloader  mode  is  provided  with
       command line option -i GPIO_string.

       The format of GPIO_string is:
              GPIO_string = [entry sequence][:[exit sequence]]
              sequence = [[-]signal]&|,[sequence]

       In  the  above  sequences,  negative  numbers  correspond  to GPIO at "low" level; numbers
       without sign correspond to GPIO at "high" level.  The value "n" can  either  be  the  GPIO
       number on the host system or the string "rts", "dtr" or "brk". The strings "rts" and "dtr"
       drive the corresponding UART's modem lines RTS and DTR as GPIO.  The string  "brk"  forces
       the  UART  to send a BREAK sequence on TX line; after BREAK the UART is returned in normal
       "non-break" mode.  Note: the string "-brk" has no effect and is ignored.

       The ',' delimiter adds 100 ms of delay between signal toggles, whereas the  '&'  delimiter
       adds  no  delay.   An  empty  signal,  thus repeated ',' delimiters, can be used to insert
       larger delays in multiples of 100 ms.  E.g. "rts,,,,-dtr" will set RTS, then wait 400  ms,
       then  reset  DTR.   "rts&-dtr"  will  set RTS and reset DTR without delay. You can use ','
       delimiters alone to simply add a delay between opening port and starting to flash.

       Note that since version 0.6, an exit  sequence  will  always  be  executed  if  specified,
       regardless  of the -R option, to ensure the signals are reset.  If -R is specified, but no
       exit sequence, a software-triggered reset will be performed.

       As an example, let's suppose the following connection between host and STM32:
       • host GPIO_3 connected to reset pin of STM32;
       • host GPIO_4 connected to STM32 pin BOOT0;
       • host GPIO_5 connected to STM32 pin BOOT1.

       In this case, the sequence to enter in bootloader mode is:  first  put  GPIO_4="high"  and
       GPIO_5="low";  then  send  reset  pulse  by  GPIO_3="low"  followed by GPIO_3="high".  The
       corresponding string for GPIO_string is "4,-5,-3,3".

       To  exit  from  bootloader  and  run  the  application  program,  the  sequence  is:   put
       GPIO_4="low";  then  send  reset  pulse.   The  corresponding  string  for  GPIO_string is
       "-4,-3,3".

       The complete command line flag is "-i 4,-5,-3,3:-4,-3,3".

       STM32W uses pad PA5 to select boot mode; if during reset PA5 is  "low"  then  STM32W  will
       enter in bootloader mode; if PA5 is "high" it will execute the program in flash.

       As  an  example,  suppose  GPIO_3  is  connected to PA5 and GPIO_2 to STM32W's reset.  The
       command:
              stm32flash -i '-3&-2,2:3&-2,,,2' /dev/ttyS0
       provides:
       • entry sequence: GPIO_3=low, GPIO_2=low, 100 ms delay, GPIO_2=high
       • exit sequence: GPIO_3=high, GPIO_2=low, 300 ms delay, GPIO_2=high

       Another example, introducing a delay after port opening.  The command:
              stm32flash -i ',,,,,:rts&-dtr,,,2' /dev/ttyS00,
       provides:
       • entry sequence: delay 500 ms
       • exit sequence: RTS=high, DTR=low, 300 ms delay, GPIO_2=high

EXAMPLES

       Get device information:
              stm32flash /dev/ttyS0

       Write with verify and then start execution:
              stm32flash -w filename -v -g 0x0 /dev/ttyS0

       Read flash to file:
              stm32flash -r filename /dev/ttyS0

       Start execution:
              stm32flash -g 0x0 /dev/ttyS0

       Specify:
       • entry sequence: RTS=low, DTR=low, DTR=high
       • exit sequence: RTS=high, DTR=low, DTR=high
              stm32flash -i -rts,-dtr,dtr:rts,-dtr,dtr /dev/ttyS0

FORMAT CONVERSION

       Flash images provided by ST or created with ST tools are often  in  file  format  Motorola
       S-Record.   Conversion  between  raw  binary,  intel hex and Motorola S-Record can be done
       through software package SRecord.

AUTHORS

       The original software package stm32flash is written by Geoffrey McRae and  is  since  2012
       maintained by Tormod Volden.  See AUTHORS file in source code for more contributors.

       Man page and extension to STM32W and I2C are written by Antonio Borneo.

       Please report any bugs at the project homepage http://stm32flash.sourceforge.net .

SEE ALSO

       srec_cat(1), srec_intel(5), srec_motorola(5).

       The communication protocol used by ST bootloader is documented in following ST application
       notes, depending on communication port.  The current version of stm32flash  only  supports
       UART and I2C ports.
       • AN3154: CAN protocol used in the STM32 bootloader
              http://www.st.com/web/en/resource/technical/document/application_note/CD00264321.pdf

       • AN3155: USART protocol used in the STM32(TM) bootloader
              http://www.st.com/web/en/resource/technical/document/application_note/CD00264342.pdf

       • AN4221: I2C protocol used in the STM32 bootloader
              http://www.st.com/web/en/resource/technical/document/application_note/DM00072315.pdf

       • AN4286: SPI protocol used in the STM32 bootloader
              http://www.st.com/web/en/resource/technical/document/application_note/DM00081379.pdf

       Boot  mode selection for STM32 is documented in ST application note AN2606, available from
       the ST website:
       http://www.st.com/web/en/resource/technical/document/application_note/CD00167594.pdf

LICENSE

       stm32flash is distributed under GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2.  Copy of the license
       is available within the source code in the file gpl-2.0.txt.