NAME

       File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec modules

SYNOPSIS

        require File::Spec::Unix; # Done automatically by File::Spec

DESCRIPTION

       Methods for manipulating file specifications.  Other File::Spec modules, such as
       File::Spec::Mac, inherit from File::Spec::Unix and override specific methods.

METHODS

       canonpath()
         No physical check on the filesystem, but a logical cleanup of a path. On UNIX eliminates
         successive slashes and successive "/.".

             $cpath = File::Spec->canonpath( $path ) ;

         Note that this does *not* collapse x/../y sections into y.  This is by design.  If /foo
         on your system is a symlink to /bar/baz, then /foo/../quux is actually /bar/quux, not
         /quux as a naive ../-removal would give you.  If you want to do this kind of processing,
         you probably want "Cwd"'s "realpath()" function to actually traverse the filesystem
         cleaning up paths like this.

       catdir()
         Concatenate two or more directory names to form a complete path ending with a directory.
         But remove the trailing slash from the resulting string, because it doesn't look good,
         isn't necessary and confuses OS2. Of course, if this is the root directory, don't cut
         off the trailing slash :-)

       catfile
         Concatenate one or more directory names and a filename to form a complete path ending
         with a filename

       curdir
         Returns a string representation of the current directory.  "." on UNIX.

       devnull
         Returns a string representation of the null device. "/dev/null" on UNIX.

       rootdir
         Returns a string representation of the root directory.  "/" on UNIX.

       tmpdir
         Returns a string representation of the first writable directory from the following list
         or the current directory if none from the list are writable:

             $ENV{TMPDIR}
             /tmp

         If running under taint mode, and if $ENV{TMPDIR} is tainted, it is not used.

       updir
         Returns a string representation of the parent directory.  ".." on UNIX.

       no_upwards
         Given a list of file names, strip out those that refer to a parent directory. (Does not
         strip symlinks, only '.', '..', and equivalents.)

       case_tolerant
         Returns a true or false value indicating, respectively, that alphabetic is not or is
         significant when comparing file specifications.

       file_name_is_absolute
         Takes as argument a path and returns true if it is an absolute path.

         This does not consult the local filesystem on Unix, Win32, OS/2 or Mac OS (Classic).  It
         does consult the working environment for VMS (see "file_name_is_absolute" in
         File::Spec::VMS).

       path
         Takes no argument, returns the environment variable PATH as an array.

       join
         join is the same as catfile.

       splitpath
             ($volume,$directories,$file) = File::Spec->splitpath( $path );
             ($volume,$directories,$file) = File::Spec->splitpath( $path,
                                                                   $no_file );

         Splits a path into volume, directory, and filename portions. On systems with no concept
         of volume, returns '' for volume.

         For systems with no syntax differentiating filenames from directories, assumes that the
         last file is a path unless $no_file is true or a trailing separator or /. or /.. is
         present. On Unix this means that $no_file true makes this return ( '', $path, '' ).

         The directory portion may or may not be returned with a trailing '/'.

         The results can be passed to "catpath()" to get back a path equivalent to (usually
         identical to) the original path.

       splitdir
         The opposite of "catdir()".

             @dirs = File::Spec->splitdir( $directories );

         $directories must be only the directory portion of the path on systems that have the
         concept of a volume or that have path syntax that differentiates files from directories.

         Unlike just splitting the directories on the separator, empty directory names ('') can
         be returned, because these are significant on some OSs.

         On Unix,

             File::Spec->splitdir( "/a/b//c/" );

         Yields:

             ( '', 'a', 'b', '', 'c', '' )

       catpath()
         Takes volume, directory and file portions and returns an entire path. Under Unix,
         $volume is ignored, and directory and file are concatenated.  A '/' is inserted if
         needed (though if the directory portion doesn't start with '/' it is not added).  On
         other OSs, $volume is significant.

       abs2rel
         Takes a destination path and an optional base path returns a relative path from the base
         path to the destination path:

             $rel_path = File::Spec->abs2rel( $path ) ;
             $rel_path = File::Spec->abs2rel( $path, $base ) ;

         If $base is not present or '', then cwd() is used. If $base is relative, then it is
         converted to absolute form using "rel2abs()". This means that it is taken to be relative
         to cwd().

         On systems that have a grammar that indicates filenames, this ignores the $base
         filename. Otherwise all path components are assumed to be directories.

         If $path is relative, it is converted to absolute form using "rel2abs()".  This means
         that it is taken to be relative to cwd().

         No checks against the filesystem are made, so the result may not be correct if $base
         contains symbolic links.  (Apply Cwd::abs_path() beforehand if that is a concern.)  On
         VMS, there is interaction with the working environment, as logicals and macros are
         expanded.

         Based on code written by Shigio Yamaguchi.

       rel2abs()
         Converts a relative path to an absolute path.

             $abs_path = File::Spec->rel2abs( $path ) ;
             $abs_path = File::Spec->rel2abs( $path, $base ) ;

         If $base is not present or '', then cwd() is used. If $base is relative, then it is
         converted to absolute form using "rel2abs()". This means that it is taken to be relative
         to cwd().

         On systems that have a grammar that indicates filenames, this ignores the $base
         filename. Otherwise all path components are assumed to be directories.

         If $path is absolute, it is cleaned up and returned using "canonpath()".

         No checks against the filesystem are made.  On VMS, there is interaction with the
         working environment, as logicals and macros are expanded.

         Based on code written by Shigio Yamaguchi.

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright (c) 2004 by the Perl 5 Porters.  All rights reserved.

       This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same
       terms as Perl itself.

       Please submit bug reports at <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues>.

SEE ALSO

       File::Spec