Provided by: libsemver-perl_0.10.0-2_all 
Name
SemVer - Use semantic version numbers
Synopsis
use SemVer; our $VERSION = SemVer->new('1.2.0-b1');
Description
This module subclasses version to create semantic versions, as defined by the Semantic
Versioning 2.0.0 Specification <https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html>. The three salient
points of the specification, for the purposes of version formatting, are:
1. A normal version number MUST take the form X.Y.Z where X, Y, and Z are non-negative
integers, and MUST NOT contain leading zeroes. X is the major version, Y is the minor
version, and Z is the patch version. Each element MUST increase numerically. For
instance: "1.9.0 -> 1.10.0 -> 1.11.0".
2. A pre-release version MAY be denoted by appending a hyphen and a series of dot
separated identifiers immediately following the patch version. Identifiers MUST
comprise only ASCII alphanumerics and hyphen "[0-9A-Za-z-]". Identifiers MUST NOT be
empty. Numeric identifiers MUST NOT include leading zeroes. Pre-release versions have
a lower precedence than the associated normal version. A pre-release version indicates
that the version is unstable and might not satisfy the intended compatibility
requirements as denoted by its associated normal version: "1.0.0-alpha, 1.0.0-alpha.1,
1.0.0-0.3.7, 1.0.0-x.7.z.92"
3. Build metadata MAY be denoted by appending a plus sign and a series of dot separated
identifiers immediately following the patch or pre-release version. Identifiers MUST
comprise only ASCII alphanumerics and hyphen "[0-9A-Za-z-]". Identifiers MUST NOT be
empty. Build metadata SHOULD be ignored when determining version precedence. Thus two
versions that differ only in the build metadata, have the same precedence. Examples:
"1.0.0-alpha+001, 1.0.0+20130313144700, 1.0.0-beta+exp.sha.5114f85".
Usage
For strict parsing of semantic version numbers, use the "new()" constructor. If you need
something more flexible, use "declare()". And if you need something more comparable with
what version expects, try "parse()". Compare how these constructors deal with various
version strings (with values shown as returned by "normal()":
Argument | new | declare | parse
-------------+----------+---------------------------
'1.0.0' | 1.0.0 | 1.0.0 | 1.0.0
'5.5.2-b1' | 5.5.2-b1 | 5.5.2-b1 | 5.5.2-b1
'1.05.0' | <error> | 1.5.0 | 1.5.0
'1.0' | <error> | 1.0.0 | 1.0.0
' 012.2.2' | <error> | 12.2.2 | 12.2.2
'1.1' | <error> | 1.1.0 | 1.100.0
1.1 | <error> | 1.1.0 | 1.100.0
'1.1.0+b1' | 1.1.0+b1 | 1.1.0+b1 | 1.1.0+b1
'1.1-b1' | <error> | 1.1.0-b1 | 1.100.0-b1
'1.2.b1' | <error> | 1.2.0-b1 | 1.2.0-b1
'9.0-beta4' | <error> | 9.0.0-beta4 | 9.0.0-beta4
'9' | <error> | 9.0.0 | 9.0.0
'1-b' | <error> | 1.0.0-b | 1.0.0-b
0 | <error> | 0.0.0 | 0.0.0
'0-rc1' | <error> | 0.0.0-rc1 | 0.0.0-rc1
'1.02_30' | <error> | 1.23.0 | 1.23.0
1.02_30 | <error> | 1.23.0 | 1.23.0
Note that, unlike in version, the "declare" and "parse" methods ignore underscores. That
is, version strings with underscores are treated as decimal numbers. Hence, the last two
examples yield exactly the same semantic versions.
As with version objects, the comparison and stringification operators are all overloaded,
so that you can compare semantic versions. You can also compare semantic versions with
version objects (but not the other way around, alas). Boolean operators are also
overloaded, such that all semantic version objects except for those consisting only of
zeros (ignoring prerelease and metadata) are considered true.
Interface
Constructors
"new"
my $semver = SemVer->new('1.2.2');
Performs a validating parse of the version string and returns a new semantic version
object. If the version string does not adhere to the semantic version specification an
exception will be thrown. See "declare" and "parse" for more forgiving constructors.
"declare"
my $semver = SemVer->declare('1.2'); # 1.2.0
This parser strips out any underscores from the version string and passes it to to
"version"'s "declare" constructor, which always creates dotted-integer version objects.
This is the most flexible way to declare versions. Consider using it to normalize version
strings.
"parse"
my $semver = SemVer->parse('1.2'); # 1.200.0
This parser dispatches to "version"'s "parse" constructor, which tries to be more flexible
in how it converts simple decimal strings and numbers. Not really recommended, since it's
treatment of decimals is quite different from the dotted-integer format of semantic
version strings, and thus can lead to inconsistencies. Included only for proper
compatibility with version.
Instance Methods
"normal"
SemVer->declare('v1.2')->normal; # 1.2.0
SemVer->parse('1.2')->normal; # 1.200.0
SemVer->declare('1.02.0-b1')->normal; # 1.2.0-b1
SemVer->parse('1.02_30')->normal # 1.230.0
SemVer->parse(1.02_30)->normal # 1.23.0
Returns a normalized representation of the version string. This string will always be a
strictly-valid dotted-integer semantic version string suitable for passing to "new()".
Unlike version's "normal" method, there will be no leading "v".
"stringify"
SemVer->declare('v1.2')->stringify; # v1.2
SemVer->parse('1.200')->stringify; # v1.200
SemVer->declare('1.2-r1')->stringify; # v1.2-r1
SemVer->parse(1.02_30)->stringify; # v1.0230
SemVer->parse(1.02_30)->stringify; # v1.023
Returns a string that is as close to the original representation as possible. If the
original representation was a numeric literal, it will be returned the way perl would
normally represent it in a string. This method is used whenever a version object is
interpolated into a string.
"numify"
Throws an exception. Semantic versions cannot be numified. Just don't go there.
"is_alpha"
my $is_alpha = $semver->is_alpha;
Returns true if a prerelease and/or metadata string is appended to the end of the version
string. This also means that the version number is a "special version", in the semantic
versioning specification meaning of the phrase.
"vbool"
say "Version $semver" if $semver;
say "Not a $semver" if !$semver;
Returns true for a non-zero semantic semantic version object, without regard to the
prerelease or build metadata parts. Overloads boolean operations.
"vcmp"
Compares the semantic version object to another version object or string and returns 0 if
they're the same, -1 if the invocant is smaller than the argument, and 1 if the invocant
is greater than the argument.
Mostly you don't need to worry about this: Just use the comparison operators instead:
if ($semver < $another_semver) {
die "Need $another_semver or higher";
}
Note that in addition to comparing other semantic version objects, you can also compare
regular version objects:
if ($semver < $version) {
die "Need $version or higher";
}
You can also pass in a version string. It will be turned into a semantic version object
using "declare". So if you're using numeric versions, you may or may not get what you
want:
my $semver = version::Semver->new('1.2.0');
my $version = '1.2';
my $bool = $semver == $version; # true
If that's not what you want, pass the string to "parse" first:
my $semver = Semver->new('1.2.0');
my $version = Semver->parse('1.2'); # 1.200.0
my $bool = $semver == $version; # false
See Also
• Semantic Versioning Specification <https://semver.org/>.
• version
• version::AlphaBeta
Support
This module is managed in an open GitHub repository <https://github.com/theory/semver/>.
Feel free to fork and contribute, or to clone <https://github.com/theory/semver.git> and
send patches!
Found a bug? Please post <https://github.com/theory/semver/issues> a report!
Acknowledgements
Many thanks to version author John Peacock for his suggestions and debugging help.
Authors
• David E. Wheeler <david@kineticode.com>
• Johannes Kilian <hoppfrosch@gmx.de>
Copyright and License
Copyright (c) 2010-2020 David E. Wheeler. Some Rights Reserved.
This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same
terms as Perl itself.