NAME

       mongoc_cursors - Cursors

HANDLING CURSOR FAILURES

       Cursors  exist on a MongoDB server. However, the mongoc_cursor_t structure gives the local
       process a handle to the cursor. It is possible for errors to occur  on  the  server  while
       iterating  a  cursor  on  the  client. Even a network partition may occur. This means that
       applications should be robust in handling cursor failures.

       While iterating cursors, you should check to  see  if  an  error  has  occurred.  See  the
       following example for how to robustly check for errors.

          static void
          print_all_documents (mongoc_collection_t *collection)
          {
             mongoc_cursor_t *cursor;
             const bson_t *doc;
             bson_error_t error;
             bson_t query = BSON_INITIALIZER;
             char *str;

             cursor = mongoc_collection_find_with_opts (collection, query, NULL, NULL);

             while (mongoc_cursor_next (cursor, &doc)) {
                str = bson_as_canonical_extended_json (doc, NULL);
                printf ("%s\n", str);
                bson_free (str);
             }

             if (mongoc_cursor_error (cursor, &error)) {
                fprintf (stderr, "Failed to iterate all documents: %s\n", error.message);
             }

             mongoc_cursor_destroy (cursor);
          }

DESTROYING SERVER-SIDE CURSORS

       The   MongoDB   C   driver   will   automatically   destroy   a  server-side  cursor  when
       mongoc_cursor_destroy() is called. Failure to call this function when done with  a  cursor
       will  leak  memory  client side as well as consume extra memory server side. If the cursor
       was configured to never timeout, it will become a memory leak on the server.

TAILABLE CURSORS

       Tailable cursors are cursors that remain open even after they've returned a final  result.
       This  way, if more documents are added to a collection (i.e., to the cursor's result set),
       then you can continue to call mongoc_cursor_next() to retrieve those additional results.

       Here's a complete test case that demonstrates the use of tailable cursors.

       NOTE:
          Tailable cursors are for capped collections only.

       An example to tail the oplog from a replica set.

       mongoc-tail.c

          #include <bson/bson.h>
          #include <mongoc/mongoc.h>
          #include <stdio.h>
          #include <stdlib.h>

          #ifdef _WIN32
          #define sleep(_n) Sleep ((_n) *1000)
          #endif

          static void
          print_bson (const bson_t *b)
          {
             char *str;

             str = bson_as_canonical_extended_json (b, NULL);
             fprintf (stdout, "%s\n", str);
             bson_free (str);
          }

          static mongoc_cursor_t *
          query_collection (mongoc_collection_t *collection, uint32_t last_time)
          {
             mongoc_cursor_t *cursor;
             bson_t query;
             bson_t gt;
             bson_t opts;

             BSON_ASSERT (collection);

             bson_init (&query);
             BSON_APPEND_DOCUMENT_BEGIN (&query, "ts", &gt);
             BSON_APPEND_TIMESTAMP (&gt, "$gt", last_time, 0);
             bson_append_document_end (&query, &gt);

             bson_init (&opts);
             BSON_APPEND_BOOL (&opts, "tailable", true);
             BSON_APPEND_BOOL (&opts, "awaitData", true);

             cursor = mongoc_collection_find_with_opts (collection, &query, &opts, NULL);

             bson_destroy (&query);
             bson_destroy (&opts);

             return cursor;
          }

          static void
          tail_collection (mongoc_collection_t *collection)
          {
             mongoc_cursor_t *cursor;
             uint32_t last_time;
             const bson_t *doc;
             bson_error_t error;
             bson_iter_t iter;

             BSON_ASSERT (collection);

             last_time = (uint32_t) time (NULL);

             while (true) {
                cursor = query_collection (collection, last_time);
                while (!mongoc_cursor_error (cursor, &error) &&
                       mongoc_cursor_more (cursor)) {
                   if (mongoc_cursor_next (cursor, &doc)) {
                      if (bson_iter_init_find (&iter, doc, "ts") &&
                          BSON_ITER_HOLDS_TIMESTAMP (&iter)) {
                         bson_iter_timestamp (&iter, &last_time, NULL);
                      }
                      print_bson (doc);
                   }
                }
                if (mongoc_cursor_error (cursor, &error)) {
                   if (error.domain == MONGOC_ERROR_SERVER) {
                      fprintf (stderr, "%s\n", error.message);
                      exit (1);
                   }
                }

                mongoc_cursor_destroy (cursor);
                sleep (1);
             }
          }

          int
          main (int argc, char *argv[])
          {
             mongoc_collection_t *collection;
             mongoc_client_t *client;
             mongoc_uri_t *uri;
             bson_error_t error;

             if (argc != 2) {
                fprintf (stderr, "usage: %s MONGO_URI\n", argv[0]);
                return EXIT_FAILURE;
             }

             mongoc_init ();

             uri = mongoc_uri_new_with_error (argv[1], &error);
             if (!uri) {
                fprintf (stderr,
                         "failed to parse URI: %s\n"
                         "error message:       %s\n",
                         argv[1],
                         error.message);
                return EXIT_FAILURE;
             }

             client = mongoc_client_new_from_uri (uri);
             if (!client) {
                return EXIT_FAILURE;
             }

             mongoc_client_set_error_api (client, 2);

             collection = mongoc_client_get_collection (client, "local", "oplog.rs");

             tail_collection (collection);

             mongoc_collection_destroy (collection);
             mongoc_uri_destroy (uri);
             mongoc_client_destroy (client);

             return EXIT_SUCCESS;
          }

       Let's compile and run this example against a replica set to see updates as they are made.

          $ gcc -Wall -o mongoc-tail mongoc-tail.c $(pkg-config --cflags --libs libmongoc-1.0)
          $ ./mongoc-tail mongodb://example.com/?replicaSet=myReplSet
          {
              "h" : -8458503739429355503,
              "ns" : "test.test",
              "o" : {
                  "_id" : {
                      "$oid" : "5372ab0a25164be923d10d50"
                  }
              },
              "op" : "i",
              "ts" : {
                  "$timestamp" : {
                      "i" : 1,
                      "t" : 1400023818
                  }
              },
              "v" : 2
          }

       The line of output is a sample from performing db.test.insert({}) from the mongo shell  on
       the replica set.

       SEE ALSO:
          mongoc_cursor_set_max_await_time_ms().

AUTHOR

       MongoDB, Inc

COPYRIGHT

       2017-present, MongoDB, Inc