NAME

       deb822 - Debian RFC822 control data format

DESCRIPTION

       The package management system manipulates data represented in a common format, known as
       control data, stored in control files.  Control files are used for source packages, binary
       packages and the .changes files which control the installation of uploaded files (dpkg's
       internal databases are in a similar format).

SYNTAX

       A control file consists of one or more stanzas of fields (the stanzas sometimes used to be
       referred to as paragraphs).  The stanzas are separated by empty lines.  Parsers may accept
       lines consisting solely of U+0020 SPACE and U+0009 TAB as stanza separators, but control
       files should use empty lines.  Some control files allow only one stanza; others allow
       several, in which case each stanza usually refers to a different package.  (For example,
       in source packages, the first stanza refers to the source package, and later stanzas refer
       to binary packages generated from the source.)  The ordering of the stanzas in control
       files is significant.

       Each stanza consists of a series of data fields.  Each field consists of the field name
       followed by a colon (U+003A ‘:’), and then the data/value associated with that field.  The
       field name is composed of US-ASCII characters excluding control characters, space, and
       colon (i.e., characters in the ranges U+0021 ‘!’ through U+0039 ‘9’, and U+003B ‘;’
       through U+007E ‘~’, inclusive).  Field names must not begin with the comment character
       (U+0023 ‘#’), nor with the hyphen character (U+002D ‘-’).

       The field ends at the end of the line or at the end of the last continuation line (see
       below).  Horizontal whitespace (U+0020 SPACE and U+0009 TAB) may occur immediately before
       or after the value and is ignored there; it is conventional to put a single space after
       the colon.  For example, a field might be:

        Package: dpkg

       the field name is Package and the field value dpkg.

       Empty field values are only permitted in source package control files (debian/control).
       Such fields are ignored.

       A stanza must not contain more than one instance of a particular field name.

       There are three types of fields:

           simple
               The field, including its value, must be a single line.  Folding of the field is
               not permitted.  This is the default field type if the definition of the field does
               not specify a different type.

           folded
               The value of a folded field is a logical line that may span several lines.  The
               lines after the first are called continuation lines and must start with a U+0020
               SPACE or a U+0009 TAB.  Whitespace, including any newlines, is not significant in
               the field values of folded fields.

               This folding method is similar to RFC5322, allowing control files that contain
               only one stanza and no multiline fields to be read by parsers written for RFC5322.

           multiline
               The value of a multiline field may comprise multiple continuation lines.  The
               first line of the value, the part on the same line as the field name, often has
               special significance or may have to be empty.  Other lines are added following the
               same syntax as the continuation lines of the folded fields.  Whitespace, including
               newlines, is significant in the values of multiline fields.

           Whitespace must not appear inside names (of packages, architectures, files or anything
           else) or version numbers, or between the characters of multi-character version
           relationships.

           The presence and purpose of a field, and the syntax of its value may differ between
           types of control files.

           Field names are not case-sensitive, but it is usual to capitalize the field names
           using mixed case as shown below.  Field values are case-sensitive unless the
           description of the field says otherwise.

           Stanza separators (empty lines) and lines consisting only of U+0020 SPACE and U+0009
           TAB, are not allowed within field values or between fields.  Empty lines in field
           values are usually escaped by representing them by a U+0020 SPACE followed by a dot
           (U+002E ‘.’).

           Lines starting with U+0023 ‘#’, without any preceding whitespace are comments lines
           that are only permitted in source package control files (debian/control) and in deb-
           origin(5) files.  These comment lines are ignored, even between two continuation
           lines.  They do not end logical lines.

           All control files must be encoded in UTF-8.

SEE ALSO

       RFC822, RFC5322.