Provided by: inn2_2.7.1~20230131-1build1_amd64 
NAME
actsync, actsyncd - Synchronize newsgroups
SYNOPSIS
actsync [-AkmT] [-b hostid] [-d hostid] [-g max] [-i ignore-file] [-I hostid] [-l hostid]
[-n name] [-o format] [-p min-unchanged] [-q hostid] [-s size] [-t hostid] [-v verbosity]
[-w seconds] [-z seconds] [host] host
actsyncd config [debug-level [debug-format]]
IN A NUTSHELL
These programs permit keeping the list of newsgroups your news server carry synchronized
with an external source.
For instance, you can decide to carry the same newsgroups as another news server or as the
ones listed in a file from an external FTP site, and therefore synchronizing with the
chosen source on a daily basis by running actsyncd in a cron job.
If you only want a subset of newsgroups from that source, it can be parameterized in the
actsync.ign configuration file in the pathetc directory.
INN comes with a default configuration for fetching the list of newsgroups from
"ftp.isc.org". You can read about the policies used for maintaining that active file at
<https://ftp.isc.org/pub/usenet/CONFIG/README>. Just make sure actsync.cfg (the
configuration file) and actsync.ign (the synchronization rules) suit your needs, and run:
actsyncd <pathetc>/actsync.cfg
You'll find more detailed examples of use below in this man page.
DESCRIPTION
actsync permits one to synchronize, compare, or merge two active files. With this utility
one may add, change, or remove newsgroups on the local news server to make it similar to
the list of the newsgroups found on another system or file. The synchronization need not
be exact. Local differences in newsgroup lists may be maintained and preserved. Certain
newsgroup errors may be detected and optionally corrected.
There are several reasons to run actsync (or actsyncd) on a periodic basis. Among the
reasons are:
• A control message to add, change or remove a newsgroup may fail to reach your site.
• Your control.ctl may be out of date or incomplete.
• News articles for a new newsgroup may arrive ahead (sometimes days ahead) of the control
message.
• Control messages may be forged, thus bypassing the restrictions found in control.ctl
unless you set up PGP authentication (and even then, not all hierarchies use PGP
authentication).
• Your active file may have been trashed.
If either host argument begins with "." or "/", it is assumed to be the name of a file
containing information in the active(5) format. The getlist(1) utility may be used to
obtain a copy of a remote system's active file via its NNTP server, or an FTP client
program can retrieve such a file from an FTP archive (such as ftp.isc.org available in
both FTP and HTTPS <https://ftp.isc.org/pub/usenet/CONFIG/active>; see more about this
below). Newsgroup information from a file may be treated as if it was obtained from a
host. In this man page, the host arguments on the command line are called hosts, even
though they may be file names.
If a host argument does not begin with "." or "/", it is assumed to be a hostname or
Internet address. In this case, actsync will attempt to use the NNTP protocol to obtain a
copy of the specified system's active file. If the host argument contains ":", the right
side will be considered the port to connect to on the remote system. If no port number is
specified, actsync will connect to port 119.
Regardless how the active file information is obtained, the actions of actsync remain the
same.
The first host specified is taken to be the local host, the one where any changes would be
made. The second host specified is the remote host that is being synchronized with. If
only one host is specified, it is assumed to be the remote host to synchronize with, and
the local host is assumed to be the default local NNTP server as specified by the
NNTPSERVER environment variable or by the server value found in inn.conf.
If either host is specified as "-", the default server will be used for that host,
determined as described above.
The newsgroup synchronization, by default, involves all newsgroups found on both hosts.
One may also synchronize a subset of newsgroups by directing actsync to ignore certain
newsgroups from both systems. Only newsgroups with valid names will be synchronized. To
be valid, a newsgroup name must consist only of alphanumeric characters, ".", "+", "-",
and "_". One may not have two "." characters in a row. The first character must be
alphanumeric, as must any character following ".". The name may not end in a "."
character.
The actsyncd daemon provides a convenient interface to configure and run actsync. If a
host is not initially reachable, the daemon will retry up to 9 additional times, waiting 6
minutes before each retry. This daemon runs in the foreground, sending output to standard
output and standard error. It then uses mod-active(8) to update the active file if there
are commands for ctlinnd in its output.
The configuration filename for the daemon is given as a command line argument, usually
actsync.cfg in pathetc. The config file can contain the following options:
host=<host>
ftppath=<path-to-active>
ignore_file=<ignore-file>
flags=<actsync-options>
The "host=", "ignore_file=", and "flags=" lines are mandatory. Each keyword must start at
the beginning of the line, and there may be no whitespace before the "=" character. Blank
lines are ignored, as are comment lines that start with "#". Any other lines may produce
undefined results.
The <host> setting refers to the second (remote) host parameter to actsync. If
<path-to-active> is provided, <host> is accessed as an FTP server, retrieving the file
named. If the filename ends in ".gz" or ".Z", it will be automatically uncompressed after
retrieval. <ignore-file> names the ignore file used by actsync (the -i option).
<actsync-options> contains any other flags that you wish to pass to actsync.
Note that one should not include -i or -o options in the "flags=" line; they are
automatically taken care of by actsyncd.
One may produce a trial actsyncd run without changing anything on the server by supplying
the debug-level argument:
actsyncd <pathetc>/actsync.cfg 2
The debug-level causes actsyncd to run actsync with a -v debug-level flag (overriding any
-v flag on the "flags=" line), not make any changes to the active file, write a new active
file to standard output, and write debug messages to standard error. Note that using
debug-level is only supported when synchronizing with another news server, not with FTP.
If the debug-format argument is also given to actsyncd, the data written to standard
output will be in -o debug-format instead of in "-o a1" format.
INN comes with default values of "ftp.isc.org" for <host> and
"/pub/usenet/CONFIG/active.gz" for <path-to-active>. You can read about the policies used
for maintaining that active file at <https://ftp.isc.org/pub/usenet/CONFIG/README>.
Consider synchronizing from this file on a daily basis by using a cron job.
OPTIONS
actsync takes the following options.
In all of the following options, the hostid parameter takes one of the following values:
0 neither server
1 local default server
2 remote server
12 both servers
21 both servers
In other words, 1 refers to the local host (the first host argument on the actsync command
line) and 2 refers to the remote host (the second host argument, or the only one if only
one is given).
-A actsync tries to authenticate using the username and password information in
passwd.nntp(5) before issuing the LIST command.
-b hostid
This flag causes actsync to ignore for synchronization purposes newsgroups with
"bork.bork.bork"-style names (newsgroups whose last 3 components are identical). For
example, the following newsgroups have bork-style names:
alt.helms.dork.dork.dork
alt.auto.accident.sue.sue.sue
alt.election.vote.vote.vote
The default is "-b 0"; no newsgroups are ignored because of bork-style names.
-d hostid
This flag causes actsync to ignore newsgroups that have all numeric path components.
For example, the following newsgroups have numeric path components:
alt.prime.chongo.23209
391581.times.2.to_the.216193.power.-1
99.bottles.of.treacle.on.the.wall
linfield.class.envio_bio.101.d
The newsgroups directory of a newsgroup with a all numeric component could conflict
with an article from another group if stored using the tradspool storage method; see
storage.conf(5). For example, the directory for the first newsgroup listed above is
the same path as article number 23209 from the newsgroup:
alt.prime.chongo
The default is "-d 0"; all numeric newsgroups from both hosts will be processed.
-g max
Ignore any newsgroup with more than max levels. For example, "-g 6" would ignore:
alt.feinstien.votes.to.trash.freedom.of.speech
alt.senator.exon.enemy.of.the.internet
alt.crypto.export.laws.dumb.dumb.dumb
but would not ignore:
alt.feinstien.acts.like.a.republican
alt.exon.amendment
alt.crypto.export.laws
If max is 0, then the max level feature is disabled.
By default, the max level feature is disabled.
-i ignore-file
The ignore-file, usually actsync.ign in pathetc, allows one to have a fine degree of
control over which newsgroups are ignored. It contains a set of rules that specifies
which newsgroups will be checked and which will be ignored.
By default, these rules apply to both hosts. This can be modified by using the -I
flag.
Blank lines and text after a "#" are considered comments and are ignored.
Rule lines consist of tokens separated by whitespace. Rule lines may be one of two
forms:
c <newsgroup> [<type> ...]
i <newsgroup> [<type> ...]
If the rule begins with a "c", the rule requests certain newsgroups to be checked. If
the rule begins with an "i", the rule requests certain newsgroups to be ignored. The
<newsgroup> field may be a specific newsgroup, or a uwildmat pattern.
If one or more <type>s are specified, then the rule applies to the newsgroup only if
it is of the specified type. Types refer to the 4th field of the active file; that
is, a type may be one of:
y
n
m
j
x
=group.name
Unlike active files, the "group.name" in an alias type may be a newsgroup name or a
uwildmat pattern. Also, "=" is equivalent to "=*".
On each rule line, no pattern type may be repeated. For example, one may not have
more than one type that begins with "=", per line. However, one may achieve an effect
equivalent to using multiple "=" types by using multiple rule lines affecting the same
newsgroup.
By default, all newsgroups are candidates to be checked. If no ignore-file is
specified, or if the ignore file contains no rule lines, all newsgroups will be
checked. If an ignore file is used, each newsgroup in turn is checked against the
ignore file. If multiple lines match a given newsgroup, the last line in the ignore
file is used.
For example, consider the following ignore file lines:
i *.general
c *.general m
i nsa.general
The newsgroups ba.general and mod.general would be synchronized if moderated and
ignored if not moderated. The newsgroup nsa.general would be ignored regardless of
moderation status. All newsgroups not matching *.general would be synchronized by
default.
-I hostid
This flag restricts which hosts are affected by the ignore file. This flag may be
useful in conjunction with the -m flag. For example:
actsync -i actsync.ign -I 2 -m host1 host2
will keep all newsgroups currently on host1. It will also only compare host1 groups
with non-ignored newsgroups from host2.
The default is "-I 12"; newsgroups from both hosts are ignored per the file specified
with -i.
-k By default, any newsgroup on the local host that has an invalid name will be
considered for removal. This causes actsync simply ignore such newsgroups. This
flag, used in combination with -m, will prevent any newsgroup from being scheduled for
removal.
-l hostid
This flag causes problem newsgroups of type "=" to be considered as errors.
Newsgroups of type "=" are newsgroups active entries that have a fourth field that
begins with "="; i.e., newsgroups that are aliased to other newsgroups. A problem
newsgroup is one for which one of the following is true:
• Aliased to itself.
• In an alias chain that loops around to itself.
• In an alias chain longer than 16 groups.
• Aliased to a non-existent newsgroup.
• Aliased to a newsgroup that has an error of some kind.
However, a newsgroup that is equivalent to an ignored newsgroup is not a problem.
The default is "-l 12": problem newsgroups from both hosts are marked as errors.
-m Merge newsgroups instead of sync. By default, if a newsgroup exists on the local host
but not the remote, it will be scheduled to be removed. This flag disables this
process, permitting newsgroups unique to the local host to be kept.
-n name
Depending on -o, the ctlinnd(8) command may be used to create newsgroups as necessary.
When this is done, the default creator name used is "actsync". This flag changes the
creator name to name.
-o format
Determine the output or action format of this utility. format may be one of:
a Output in active(5) format.
a1 Output in active(5) format and output non-error ignored groups from the local
host.
ak Output in active(5) format, but use the high and low (2nd and 3rd active fields)
values from the remote host for any newsgroup being created.
aK Output in active(5) format, but use the high and low (2nd and 3rd active fields)
values from the remote host for all newsgroups found on that host.
a1k Output in active(5) format, but use the high and low (2nd and 3rd active fields)
values from the remote host for any newsgroup being created and output non-error
ignored groups from the local host.
a1K Output in active(5) format, but use the high and low (2nd and 3rd active fields)
values from the remote host for all newsgroups found on that host and output non-
error ignored groups from the local host.
ak1 Same as "a1k".
aK1 Same as "a1K".
c Output as commands to ctlinnd.
x No output. Instead, directly run ctlinnd commands.
xi No output. Instead, directly run ctlinnd commands in an interactive mode.
The "a", "a1", "ak", "aK", "a1k", "a1K", "ak1", and "aK1" style formats allow one to
format new active file instead of producing ctlinnd commands. They use high and low
values of 0000000000 and 0000000001 respectively for newsgroups that are created
unless otherwise specified. The "ak" and "aK" variants change the high and low values
(2nd and 3rd active fields). In the case of "ak", newsgroups created take their high
and low values from the remote host. In the case of "aK", all newsgroups found on the
remote host take their high and low values from it.
The "c" format produces ctlinnd commands. No actions are taken because actsync simply
prints ctlinnd commands on standard output. This output format is useful to let you
see how the local host will be affected by the sync (or merge) with the remote host.
The sync (or merge) may be accomplished directly by use of the "x" or "xi" format.
With this format, actsync uses the execl(2) system call to directly execute ctlinnd
commands. The output of such exec calls may be seen if the verbosity level is at
least 2.
The actsync utility will pause for 4 seconds before each command is executed if "-o x"
is selected. See the -z flag below for discussion of this delay and how to customize
it.
The "xi" format interactively prompts on standard output and reads directives on
standard input. One may pick and choose changes using this format.
Care should be taken when producing active(5) formatted output. One should check to
be sure that actsync exited with a zero status prior to using such output. Also one
should realize that such output will not contain lines ignored due to -i even if "-p
100" is used.
By default, "-o c" is assumed.
-p min-unchanged
By default, the actsync utility has safeguards against performing massive changes. If
fewer than min-unchanged percent of the non-ignored lines from the local host remain
unchanged, no actions (output, execution, etc.) are performed and actsync exits with a
non-zero exit status. The min-unchanged value may be a floating point value such as
66.667.
A change is a local newsgroup line that was removed, added, changed, or found to be in
error. Changing the 2nd or 3rd active fields via "-o ak" or "-o aK" are not
considered changes by -p.
To force actsync to accept any amount of change, use the "-p 0" option. To force
actsync to reject any changes, use the "-p 100" option.
Care should be taken when producing active(5) formatted output. One should check to
be sure that actsync exited with a zero status prior to using such output. Also one
should realize that such output will not contain lines ignored due to -i even if "-p
100" is used.
By default, 96% of the lines not ignored in the first host argument on the actsync
command line must be unchanged. That is, by default, "-p 96" is assumed.
-q hostid
By default, all newsgroup errors are reported on standard error. This flag quiets
errors from the specified hostid.
-s size
If size is greater than 0, then ignore newsgroups with names longer than size and
ignore newsgroups aliased (by following "=" chains) to names longer than size. Length
checking is performed on both the local and remote hosts.
By default, size is 0 and thus no length checking is performed.
-t hostid
Ignore improper newsgroups consisting of only a top component from the specified
hostid. The following newsgroups are considered proper newsgroups despite top only
names and therefore are exempt from this flag:
control
general
junk
test
to
For example, the following newsgroup names are improper because they only contain a
top level component:
dole_for_pres
dos
microsoft
windows95
The default is "-t 2"; that is, all improper top-level-only newsgroups from the remote
host are ignored.
-T This flag causes newsgroups on the remote host in new hierarchies to be ignored.
Normally a newsgroup which only exists on the remote host, chongo.was.here for
example, is created on the local host. However, if this flag is given and the local
host does not have any other newsgroups in the same hierarchy (chongo.* in this case),
the newsgroup in question will be ignored and will not be created on the local host.
-v verbosity
By default, actsync is not verbose. This flag controls the verbosity level as
follows:
0 No debug or status reports (default).
1 Print summary, but only if work was needed or done.
2 Print actions, exec output, and summary, but only if work was needed or done.
3 Print actions, exec output, and summary.
4 Full debug output.
-w seconds
If "-o x" or "-o xi" is selected, ctlinnd will wait seconds seconds before timing out.
The default value is "-w 30".
-z seconds
If "-o x" is selected, actsync will pause for seconds seconds before each command is
executed. This helps prevent innd from being busied-out if a large number of ctlinnd
commands are needed. One can entirely disable this sleeping by using "-z 0".
By default, actsync will pause for 4 seconds before each command is executed if "-o x"
is selected.
EXAMPLES
Determine the difference (but don't change anything) between your newsgroup set and the
one of another news server:
actsync news.server.com
Same as above, with full debug and progress reports:
actsync -v 4 news.server.com
Force a site to have the same newsgroups as some other site:
actsync -o x master
This may be useful to sync a slave site to its master, or to sync internal site to a
gateway.
Compare your site with news.server.com, disregarding local groups and certain local
differences with it. Produce a report if any differences were encountered:
actsync -v 2 -i actsync.ign news.server.com
where actsync.ign contains:
# Don't compare to.* groups as they will differ.
#
i to.*
# These are our local groups that nobody else
# (should) carry. So ignore them for the sake
# of the compare.
#
i nsa.*
# These groups are local favorites, so keep them
# even if news.server.com does not carry them.
#
i ca.dump.bob.dorman
i ca.keep.bob.dorman
i alt.tv.dinosaurs.barney.die.die.die
i alt.tv.dinosaurs.barney.love.love.love
i alt.sounds.* =alt.binaries.sounds.*
To interactively sync against news.server.com, using the same ignore file:
actsync -o xi -v 2 -i actsync.ign news.server.com
Based on newsgroups that you decided to keep, one could make changes to the actsync.ign
file:
# Don't compare to.* groups as they will differ.
#
i to.*
# These are our local groups that nobody else
# (should) carry. So ignore them for the sake
# of the compare.
#
i nsa.*
# These groups are local favorites, so keep them
# even if news.server.com does not carry them.
#
i ca.dump.bob.dorman
i alt.tv.dinosaurs.barney.die.die.die
i alt.sounds.* =alt.binaries.sounds.*
# Don't sync test groups, except for ones that are
# moderated or that are under the gnu hierarchy.
#
i *.test
c *.test m # check moderated test groups
c gnu.*.test
c gnu.test # just in case it ever exists
Automatic processing may be set up by using the following actsync.cfg file:
# Host to sync off of (host2).
host=news.server.com
# Location of the ignore file.
ignore_file=<pathetc in inn.conf>/actsync.ign
# Where news articles are kept.
spool=<patharticles in inn.conf>
# actsync(8) flags
#
# Automatic execs, report if something was done,
# otherwise don't say anything, don't report
# news.server.com active file problems, just ignore
# the affected entries.
flags=-o x -v 2 -q 2
and then by running actsyncd with the path to the config file:
actsyncd <pathetc>/actsync.cfg
The command
actsyncd <pathetc>/actsync.cfg 4 >cmd.log 2>dbg.log
will operate in debug mode, not change the active file, write ctlinnd style commands to
cmd.log, and write debug statements to dbg.log. (Note that using debug-level is only
supported when synchronizing with another news server, not with FTP.)
To check only the major hierarchies against news.server.com, use the following actsync.ign
file:
# By default, ignore everything.
#
i *
# Check the major groups.
#
c alt.*
c comp.*
c gnu.*
c humanities.*
c misc.*
c news.*
c rec.*
c sci.*
c soc.*
c talk.*
and the command:
actsync -i actsync.ign news.server.com
To determine the differences between your old active and your current default server:
actsync <pathetc>/active.old -
To report but not fix any newsgroup problems with the current active file:
actsync - -
To detect any newsgroup errors on your local server, and to remove any
*.bork.bork.bork-style silly newsgroup names:
actsync -b 2 - -
The active file produced by:
actsync <flags> -o x erehwon.honey.edu
is effectively the same as the active file produced by:
cd <pathdb>
ctlinnd pause 'running actsync'
rm -f active.new
actsync <flags> -o a1 erehwon.honey.edu > active.new
rm -f active.old
ln active active.old
mv active.new active
ctlinnd reload active 'running actsync'
ctlinnd go 'running actsync'
It should be noted that the final method above, pausing the server and simply replacing
the active file, may be faster if you are making lots of changes.
FILES
pathbin/actsync
The C program itself used to synchronize, compare, or merge two active files.
pathbin/actsyncd
The Shell daemon which provides a convenient interface to configure and run actsync.
pathetc/actsync.cfg
The configuration file which specifies the settings to use.
pathetc/actsync.ign
The ignore file which contains a set of synchronization rules that specifies which
newsgroups will be checked and which will be ignored.
CAUTION
Careless use of this tool may result in the unintended addition, change, or removal of
newsgroups. You should avoid using the "x" output format until you are sure it will do
what you want.
BUGS
If a newsgroup appears multiple times, actsync will treat all copies as errors. However,
if the group is marked for removal, only one rmgroup will be issued.
HISTORY
Written by Landon Curt Noll <chongo@toad.com> for InterNetNews. Updated to support FTP
fetching by David Lawrence <tale@isc.org>. Converted to POD by Russ Allbery
<eagle@eyrie.org>.
By Landon Curt Noll <chongo@toad.com> (chongo was here /\../\).
Copyright (c) Landon Curt Noll, 1993. All rights reserved.
Permission to use and modify is hereby granted so long as this notice remains. Use at
your own risk. No warranty is implied.
SEE ALSO
active(5), ctlinnd(8), getlist(1), inn.conf(5), libinn_uwildmat(3), mod-active(8),
passwd.nntp(5), simpleftp(1).