Provided by: krb5-kdc_1.20.1-1build1_amd64 bug

NAME

       kdb5_util - Kerberos database maintenance utility

SYNOPSIS

       kdb5_util  [-r  realm]  [-d  dbname]  [-k  mkeytype] [-kv mkeyVNO] [-M mkeyname] [-m] [-sf
       stashfilename] [-P password] [-x db_args] command [command_options]

DESCRIPTION

       kdb5_util allows an administrator to perform maintenance procedures on the  KDC  database.
       Databases  can be created, destroyed, and dumped to or loaded from ASCII files.  kdb5_util
       can create a Kerberos master key stash file or perform live rollover of the master key.

       When kdb5_util is run, it attempts to acquire  the  master  key  and  open  the  database.
       However, execution continues regardless of whether or not kdb5_util successfully opens the
       database, because the database may not exist yet or the stash file may be corrupt.

       Note that some KDC database modules may not support all kdb5_util commands.

COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS

       -r realm
              specifies the Kerberos realm of the database.

       -d dbname
              specifies the name under which the principal database is  stored;  by  default  the
              database  is  that  listed  in  kdc.conf(5).  The password policy database and lock
              files are also derived from this value.

       -k mkeytype
              specifies the key type of the master key in the database.  The default is given  by
              the master_key_type variable in kdc.conf(5).

       -kv mkeyVNO
              Specifies  the  version number of the master key in the database; the default is 1.
              Note that 0 is not allowed.

       -M mkeyname
              principal name for the master key in the database.  If not specified, the  name  is
              determined by the master_key_name variable in kdc.conf(5).

       -m     specifies that the master database password should be read from the keyboard rather
              than fetched from a file on disk.

       -sf stash_file
              specifies the stash filename of the master database password.   If  not  specified,
              the filename is determined by the key_stash_file variable in kdc.conf(5).

       -P password
              specifies  the master database password.  Using this option may expose the password
              to other users on the system via the process list.

       -x db_args
              specifies database-specific options.  See kadmin(1) for supported options.

COMMANDS

   create
          create [-s]

       Creates a new database.  If the -s option is specified, the stash file  is  also  created.
       This  command  fails  if  the  database already exists.  If the command is successful, the
       database is opened just as if it had already existed when the program was first run.

   destroy
          destroy [-f]

       Destroys the database, first overwriting the disk sectors and then  unlinking  the  files,
       after  prompting  the  user  for  confirmation.  With the -f argument, does not prompt the
       user.

   stash
          stash [-f keyfile]

       Stores the master principal's keys in a stash file.   The  -f  argument  can  be  used  to
       override the keyfile specified in kdc.conf(5).

   dump
          dump  [-b7|-r13|-r18]  [-verbose]  [-mkey_convert]  [-new_mkey_file  mkey_file]  [-rev]
          [-recurse] [filename [principals...]]

       Dumps the current Kerberos and KADM5  database  into  an  ASCII  file.   By  default,  the
       database is dumped in current format, "kdb5_util load_dump version 7".  If filename is not
       specified, or is the string "-", the dump is sent to standard output.  Options:

       -b7    causes the dump to be in the Kerberos 5 Beta 7 format ("kdb5_util load_dump version
              4").  This was the dump format produced on releases prior to 1.2.2.

       -r13   causes  the  dump  to be in the Kerberos 5 1.3 format ("kdb5_util load_dump version
              5").  This was the dump format produced on releases prior to 1.8.

       -r18   causes the dump to be in the Kerberos 5 1.8 format  ("kdb5_util  load_dump  version
              6").  This was the dump format produced on releases prior to 1.11.

       -verbose
              causes the name of each principal and policy to be printed as it is dumped.

       -mkey_convert
              prompts  for  a  new  master  key.   This new master key will be used to re-encrypt
              principal key data in the dumpfile.  The principal  keys  themselves  will  not  be
              changed.

       -new_mkey_file mkey_file
              the  filename  of  a stash file.  The master key in this stash file will be used to
              re-encrypt the key data in the dumpfile.  The key data in the database will not  be
              changed.

       -rev   dumps  in reverse order.  This may recover principals that do not dump normally, in
              cases where database corruption has occurred.

       -recurse
              causes the dump to walk the database recursively (btree only).   This  may  recover
              principals  that  do  not  dump  normally,  in  cases where database corruption has
              occurred.  In cases of such corruption, this option  will  probably  retrieve  more
              principals than the -rev option will.

              Changed  in  version  1.15: Release 1.15 restored the functionality of the -recurse
              option.

              Changed in version 1.5: The -recurse option  ceased  working  until  release  1.15,
              doing a normal dump instead of a recursive traversal.

   load
          load [-b7|-r13|-r18] [-hash] [-verbose] [-update] filename

       Loads  a database dump from the named file into the named database.  If no option is given
       to determine the format of the dump file, the format is detected automatically and handled
       as  appropriate.   Unless  the  -update  option  is  given,  load  creates  a new database
       containing only the data in the dump file, overwriting  the  contents  of  any  previously
       existing database.  Note that when using the LDAP KDC database module, the -update flag is
       required.

       Options:

       -b7    requires the database to be in the Kerberos 5 Beta 7 format  ("kdb5_util  load_dump
              version 4").  This was the dump format produced on releases prior to 1.2.2.

       -r13   requires  the database to be in Kerberos 5 1.3 format ("kdb5_util load_dump version
              5").  This was the dump format produced on releases prior to 1.8.

       -r18   requires the database to be in Kerberos 5 1.8 format ("kdb5_util load_dump  version
              6").  This was the dump format produced on releases prior to 1.11.

       -hash  stores the database in hash format, if using the DB2 database type.  If this option
              is not specified, the database will be stored in btree format.  This option is  not
              recommended,  as databases stored in hash format are known to corrupt data and lose
              principals.

       -verbose
              causes the name of each principal and policy to be printed as it is dumped.

       -update
              records from the dump file are added  to  or  updated  in  the  existing  database.
              Otherwise,  a  new database is created containing only what is in the dump file and
              the old one destroyed upon successful completion.

   ark
          ark [-e enc:salt,...] principal

       Adds new random keys to principal at the next available key version number.  Keys for  the
       current highest key version number will be preserved.  The -e option specifies the list of
       encryption and salt types to be used for the new keys.

   add_mkey
          add_mkey [-e etype] [-s]

       Adds a new master key to the master key  principal,  but  does  not  mark  it  as  active.
       Existing  master keys will remain.  The -e option specifies the encryption type of the new
       master key; see Encryption_types in kdc.conf(5) for a list of  possible  values.   The  -s
       option  stashes  the new master key in the stash file, which will be created if it doesn't
       already exist.

       After a new master key is added, it should be propagated to replica servers via  a  manual
       or  periodic  invocation of kprop(8).  Then, the stash files on the replica servers should
       be updated with the kdb5_util stash command.  Once those steps are complete,  the  key  is
       ready to be marked active with the kdb5_util use_mkey command.

   use_mkey
          use_mkey mkeyVNO [time]

       Sets  the  activation  time  of  the  master  key specified by mkeyVNO.  Once a master key
       becomes active, it will be used to encrypt newly  created  principal  keys.   If  no  time
       argument  is  given, the current time is used, causing the specified master key version to
       become active immediately.  The format for time is getdate string.

       After a new master key becomes active, the kdb5_util update_princ_encryption  command  can
       be used to update all principal keys to be encrypted in the new master key.

   list_mkeys
          list_mkeys

       List  all  master  keys,  from  most recent to earliest, in the master key principal.  The
       output will show the kvno, enctype, and salt type for each mkey, similar to the output  of
       kadmin(1) getprinc.  A * following an mkey denotes the currently active master key.

   purge_mkeys
          purge_mkeys [-f] [-n] [-v]

       Delete  master  keys  from  the  master  key  principal  that  are not used to protect any
       principals.  This command can be used to remove old master keys  all  principal  keys  are
       protected by a newer master key.

       -f     does not prompt for confirmation.

       -n     performs  a  dry  run,  showing  master keys that would be purged, but not actually
              purging any keys.

       -v     gives more verbose output.

   update_princ_encryption
          update_princ_encryption [-f] [-n] [-v] [princ-pattern]

       Update all principal records (or only those matching the princ-pattern  glob  pattern)  to
       re-encrypt  the key data using the active database master key, if they are encrypted using
       a different version, and give a count at the end of the number of principals updated.   If
       the  -f option is not given, ask for confirmation before starting to make changes.  The -v
       option causes each principal processed to be listed, with an indication as to  whether  it
       needed  updating or not.  The -n option performs a dry run, only showing the actions which
       would have been taken.

   tabdump
          tabdump [-H] [-c] [-e] [-n] [-o outfile] dumptype

       Dump selected fields of the database in a tabular format  suitable  for  reporting  (e.g.,
       using traditional Unix text processing tools) or importing into relational databases.  The
       data format is tab-separated (default), or optionally comma-separated (CSV), with a  fixed
       number  of  columns.   The output begins with a header line containing field names, unless
       suppression is requested using the -H option.

       The dumptype parameter specifies the name of an output table (see below).

       Options:

       -H     suppress writing the field names in a header line

       -c     use comma separated values (CSV) format,  with  minimal  quoting,  instead  of  the
              default tab-separated (unquoted, unescaped) format

       -e     write empty hexadecimal string fields as empty fields instead of as "-1".

       -n     produce  numeric  output  for  fields  that  normally have symbolic output, such as
              enctypes and flag names.  Also requests output of  time  stamps  as  decimal  POSIX
              time_t values.

       -o outfile
              write the dump to the specified output file instead of to standard output

       Dump types:

       keydata
              principal  encryption  key  information,  including actual key data (which is still
              encrypted in the master key)

              name   principal name

              keyindex
                     index of this key in the principal's key list

              kvno   key version number

              enctype
                     encryption type

              key    key data as a hexadecimal string

              salttype
                     salt type

              salt   salt data as a hexadecimal string

       keyinfo
              principal encryption key information (as in keydata above),  excluding  actual  key
              data

       princ_flags
              principal  boolean  attributes.   Flag names print as hexadecimal numbers if the -n
              option is specified, and all flag positions are printed regardless  of  whether  or
              not  they  are  set.   If  -n is not specified, print all known flag names for each
              principal, but only print hexadecimal flag names if the corresponding flag is set.

              name   principal name

              flag   flag name

              value  boolean value (0 for clear, or 1 for set)

       princ_lockout
              state information used for tracking repeated password failures

              name   principal name

              last_success
                     time stamp of most recent successful authentication

              last_failed
                     time stamp of most recent failed authentication

              fail_count
                     count of failed attempts

       princ_meta
              principal metadata

              name   principal name

              modby  name of last principal to modify this principal

              modtime
                     timestamp of last modification

              lastpwd
                     timestamp of last password change

              policy policy object name

              mkvno  key version number of the master key that encrypts this principal's key data

              hist_kvno
                     key version number of the history key that encrypts the key history data for
                     this principal

       princ_stringattrs
              string attributes (key/value pairs)

              name   principal name

              key    attribute name

              value  attribute value

       princ_tktpolicy
              per-principal ticket policy data, including maximum ticket lifetimes

              name   principal name

              expiration
                     principal expiration date

              pw_expiration
                     password expiration date

              max_life
                     maximum ticket lifetime

              max_renew_life
                     maximum renewable ticket lifetime

       Examples:

          $ kdb5_util tabdump -o keyinfo.txt keyinfo
          $ cat keyinfo.txt
          name        keyindex        kvno    enctype salttype        salt
          K/M@EXAMPLE.COM     0       1       aes256-cts-hmac-sha384-192      normal  -1
          foo@EXAMPLE.COM     0       1       aes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96 normal  -1
          bar@EXAMPLE.COM     0       1       aes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96 normal  -1
          $ sqlite3
          sqlite> .mode tabs
          sqlite> .import keyinfo.txt keyinfo
          sqlite> select * from keyinfo where enctype like 'aes256-%';
          K/M@EXAMPLE.COM     1       1       aes256-cts-hmac-sha384-192      normal  -1
          sqlite> .quit
          $ awk -F'\t' '$4 ~ /aes256-/ { print }' keyinfo.txt
          K/M@EXAMPLE.COM     1       1       aes256-cts-hmac-sha384-192      normal  -1

ENVIRONMENT

       See kerberos(7) for a description of Kerberos environment variables.

SEE ALSO

       kadmin(1), kerberos(7)

AUTHOR

       MIT

COPYRIGHT

       1985-2022, MIT