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PROLOG
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux implementation of
this interface may differ (consult the corresponding Linux manual page for details of
Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
NAME
qselect — select batch jobs
SYNOPSIS
qselect [-a [op]date_time] [-A account_string] [-c [op]interval]
[-h hold_list] [-l resource_list] [-N name] [-p [op]priority]
[-q destination] [-r y|n] [-s states] [-u user_list]
DESCRIPTION
To select a set of batch jobs is to return the batch job_identifiers for each batch job
that meets a list of selection criteria. A set of batch jobs is selected by a request to a
batch server. The qselect utility is a user-accessible batch client that requests the
selection of batch jobs.
Upon successful completion, the qselect utility shall have returned a list of zero or more
batch job_identifiers that meet the criteria specified by the options and option-arguments
presented to the utility.
The qselect utility shall select batch jobs by sending a Select Jobs Request to a batch
server. The qselect utility shall not exit until the server replies to each request
generated.
For each option presented to the qselect utility, the utility shall restrict the set of
selected batch jobs as described in the OPTIONS section.
The qselect utility shall not restrict selection of batch jobs except by authorization and
as required by the options presented to the utility.
When an option is specified with a mandatory or optional op component to the option-
argument, then op shall specify a relation between the value of a certain batch job
attribute and the value component of the option-argument. If an op is allowable on an
option, then the description of the option letter indicates the op as either mandatory or
optional. Acceptable strings for the op component, and the relation the string indicates,
are shown in the following list:
.eq. The value represented by the attribute of the batch job is equal to the value
represented by the option-argument.
.ge. The value represented by the attribute of the batch job is greater than or equal
to the value represented by the option-argument.
.gt. The value represented by the attribute of the batch job is greater than the value
represented by the option-argument.
.lt. The value represented by the attribute of the batch job is less than the value
represented by the option-argument.
.le. The value represented by the attribute of the batch job is less than or equal to
the value represented by the option-argument.
.ne. The value represented by the attribute of the batch job is not equal to the value
represented by the option-argument.
OPTIONS
The qselect utility shall conform to the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section
12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines.
The following options shall be supported by the implementation:
-a [op]date_time
Restrict selection to a specific time, or a range of times.
The qselect utility shall select only batch jobs for which the value of the
Execution_Time attribute is related to the Epoch equivalent of the local time
expressed by the value of the date_time component of the option-argument in the
manner indicated by the value of the op component of the option-argument.
The qselect utility shall accept a date_time component of the option-argument
that conforms to the syntax of the time operand of the touch utility.
If the op component of the option-argument is not presented to the qselect
utility, the utility shall select batch jobs for which the Execution_Time
attribute is equal to the date_time component of the option-argument.
When comparing times, the qselect utility shall use the following definitions
for the op component of the option-argument:
.eq. The time represented by value of the Execution_Time attribute of the
batch job is equal to the time represented by the date_time component of
the option-argument.
.ge. The time represented by value of the Execution_Time attribute of the
batch job is after or equal to the time represented by the date_time
component of the option-argument.
.gt. The time represented by value of the Execution_Time attribute of the
batch job is after the time represented by the date_time component of
the option-argument.
.lt. The time represented by value of the Execution_Time attribute of the
batch job is before the time represented by the date_time component of
the option-argument.
.le. The time represented by value of the Execution_Time attribute of the
batch job is before or equal to the time represented by the date_time
component of the option-argument.
.ne. The time represented by value of the Execution_Time attribute of the
batch job is not equal to the time represented by the date_time
component of the option-argument.
The qselect utility shall accept the defined character strings for the op
component of the option-argument.
-A account_string
Restrict selection to the batch jobs charging a specified account.
The qselect utility shall select only batch jobs for which the value of the
Account_Name attribute of the batch job matches the value of the account_string
option-argument.
The syntax of the account_string option-argument is unspecified.
-c [op]interval
Restrict selection to batch jobs within a range of checkpoint intervals.
The qselect utility shall select only batch jobs for which the value of the
Checkpoint attribute relates to the value of the interval component of the
option-argument in the manner indicated by the value of the op component of the
option-argument.
If the op component of the option-argument is omitted, the qselect utility shall
select batch jobs for which the value of the Checkpoint attribute is equal to
the value of the interval component of the option-argument.
When comparing checkpoint intervals, the qselect utility shall use the following
definitions for the op component of the option-argument:
.eq. The value of the Checkpoint attribute of the batch job equals the value
of the interval component of the option-argument.
.ge. The value of the Checkpoint attribute of the batch job is greater than
or equal to the value of the interval component option-argument.
.gt. The value of the Checkpoint attribute of the batch job is greater than
the value of the interval component option-argument.
.lt. The value of the Checkpoint attribute of the batch job is less than the
value of the interval component option-argument.
.le. The value of the Checkpoint attribute of the batch job is less than or
equal to the value of the interval component option-argument.
.ne. The value of the Checkpoint attribute of the batch job does not equal
the value of the interval component option-argument.
The qselect utility shall accept the defined character strings for the op
component of the option-argument.
The ordering relationship for the values of the interval option-argument is
defined to be:
`n' .gt. `s' .gt. `c=minutes' .ge. `c'
When comparing Checkpoint attributes with an interval having the value of the
single character 'u', only equality or inequality are valid comparisons.
-h hold_list
Restrict selection to batch jobs that have a specific type of hold.
The qselect utility shall select only batch jobs for which the value of the
Hold_Types attribute matches the value of the hold_list option-argument.
The qselect -h option shall accept a value for the hold_list option-argument
that is a string of alphanumeric characters in the portable character set (see
the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 6.1, Portable Character
Set).
The qselect utility shall accept a value for the hold_list option-argument that
is a string of one or more of the characters 'u', 's', or 'o', or the single
character 'n'.
Each unique character in the hold_list option-argument of the qselect utility is
defined as follows, each representing a different hold type:
u USER
s SYSTEM
o OPERATOR
If any of these characters are duplicated in the hold_list option-argument, the
duplicates shall be ignored.
The qselect utility shall consider it an error if any hold type other than 'n'
is combined with hold type 'n'.
Strictly conforming applications shall not repeat any of the characters 'u',
's', 'o', or 'n' within the hold_list option-argument. The qselect utility shall
permit the repetition of characters, but shall not assign additional meaning to
the repeated characters.
An implementation may define other hold types. The conformance document for an
implementation shall describe any additional hold types, how they are specified,
their internal behavior, and how they affect the behavior of the utility.
-l resource_list
Restrict selection to batch jobs with specified resource limits and attributes.
The qselect utility shall accept a resource_list option-argument with the
following syntax:
resource_name op value [,,resource_name op value,, ...]
When comparing resource values, the qselect utility shall use the following
definitions for the op component of the option-argument:
.eq. The value of the resource of the same name in the Resource_List
attribute of the batch job equals the value of the value component of
the option-argument.
.ge. The value of the resource of the same name in the Resource_List
attribute of the batch job is greater than or equal to the value of the
value component of the option-argument.
.gt. The value of the resource of the same name in the Resource_List
attribute of the batch job is greater than the value of the value
component of the option-argument.
.lt. The value of the resource of the same name in the Resource_List
attribute of the batch job is less than the value of the value component
of the option-argument.
.ne. The value of the resource of the same name in the Resource_List
attribute of the batch job does not equal the value of the value
component of the option-argument.
.le. The value of the resource of the same name in the Resource_List
attribute of the batch job is less than or equal to the value of the
value component of the option-argument.
When comparing the limit of a Resource_List attribute with the value component
of the option-argument, if the limit, the value, or both are non-numeric, only
equality or inequality are valid comparisons.
The qselect utility shall select only batch jobs for which the values of the
resource_names listed in the resource_list option-argument match the
corresponding limits of the Resource_List attribute of the batch job.
Limits of resource_names present in the Resource_List attribute of the batch job
that have no corresponding values in the resource_list option-argument shall not
be considered when selecting batch jobs.
-N name Restrict selection to batch jobs with a specified name.
The qselect utility shall select only batch jobs for which the value of the
Job_Name attribute matches the value of the name option-argument. The string
specified in the name option-argument shall be passed, uninterpreted, to the
server. This allows an implementation to match ``wildcard'' patterns against
batch job names.
An implementation shall describe in the conformance document the format it
supports for matching against the Job_Name attribute.
-p [op]priority
Restrict selection to batch jobs of the specified priority or range of
priorities.
The qselect utility shall select only batch jobs for which the value of the
Priority attribute of the batch job relates to the value of the priority
component of the option-argument in the manner indicated by the value of the op
component of the option-argument.
If the op component of the option-argument is omitted, the qselect utility shall
select batch jobs for which the value of the Priority attribute of the batch job
is equal to the value of the priority component of the option-argument.
When comparing priority values, the qselect utility shall use the following
definitions for the op component of the option-argument:
.eq. The value of the Priority attribute of the batch job equals the value of
the priority component of the option-argument.
.ge. The value of the Priority attribute of the batch job is greater than or
equal to the value of the priority component option-argument.
.gt. The value of the Priority attribute of the batch job is greater than the
value of the priority component option-argument.
.lt. The value of the Priority attribute of the batch job is less than the
value of the priority component option-argument.
.lt. The value of the Priority attribute of the batch job is less than or
equal to the value of the priority component option-argument.
.ne. The value of the Priority attribute of the batch job does not equal the
value of the priority component option-argument.
-q destination
Restrict selection to the specified batch queue or server, or both.
The qselect utility shall select only batch jobs that are located at the
destination indicated by the value of the destination option-argument.
The destination defines a batch queue, a server, or a batch queue at a server.
The qselect utility shall accept an option-argument for the -q option that
conforms to the syntax for a destination. If the -q option is not presented to
the qselect utility, the utility shall select batch jobs from all batch queues
at the default batch server.
If the option-argument describes only a batch queue, the qselect utility shall
select only batch jobs from the batch queue of the specified name at the default
batch server. The means by which qselect determines the default server is
implementation-defined.
If the option-argument describes only a batch server, the qselect utility shall
select batch jobs from all the batch queues at that batch server.
If the option-argument describes both a batch queue and a batch server, the
qselect utility shall select only batch jobs from the specified batch queue at
the specified server.
-r y|n Restrict selection to batch jobs with the specified rerunability status.
The qselect utility shall select only batch jobs for which the value of the
Rerunable attribute of the batch job matches the value of the option-argument.
The qselect utility shall accept a value for the option-argument that consists
of either the single character 'y' or the single character 'n'. The character
'y' represents the value TRUE, and the character 'n' represents the value FALSE.
-s states Restrict selection to batch jobs in the specified states.
The qselect utility shall accept an option-argument that consists of any
combination of the characters 'e', 'q', 'r', 'w', 'h', and 't'.
Conforming applications shall not repeat any character in the option-argument.
The qselect utility shall permit the repetition of characters in the option-
argument, but shall not assign additional meaning to repeated characters.
The qselect utility shall interpret the characters in the states option-argument
as follows:
e Represents the EXITING state.
q Represents the QUEUED state.
r Represents the RUNNING state.
t Represents the TRANSITING state.
h Represents the HELD state.
w Represents the WAITING state.
For each character in the states option-argument, the qselect utility shall
select batch jobs in the corresponding state.
-u user_list
Restrict selection to batch jobs owned by the specified user names.
The qselect utility shall select only the batch jobs of those users specified in
the user_list option-argument.
The qselect utility shall accept a user_list option-argument that conforms to
the following syntax:
username[@host][,,username[@host],, ...]
The qselect utility shall accept only one user name that is missing a
corresponding host name. The qselect utility shall accept only one user name per
named host.
OPERANDS
None.
STDIN
Not used.
INPUT FILES
None.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
The following environment variables shall affect the execution of qselect:
LANG Provide a default value for the internationalization variables that are unset or
null. (See the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 8.2,
Internationalization Variables the precedence of internationalization variables
used to determine the values of locale categories.)
LC_ALL If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of all the other
internationalization variables.
LC_CTYPE Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of text data
as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to multi-byte characters in
arguments).
LC_MESSAGES
Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format and contents of
diagnostic messages written to standard error.
LOGNAME Determine the login name of the user.
TZ Determine the timezone used to interpret the date-time option-argument. If TZ is
unset or null, an unspecified default timezone shall be used.
ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS
Default.
STDOUT
The qselect utility shall write zero or more batch job_identifiers to standard output.
The qselect utility shall separate the batch job_identifiers written to standard output by
white space.
The qselect utility shall write batch job_identifiers in the following format:
sequence_number.server_name@server
STDERR
The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages.
OUTPUT FILES
None.
EXTENDED DESCRIPTION
None.
EXIT STATUS
The following exit values shall be returned:
0 Successful completion.
>0 An error occurred.
CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS
Default.
The following sections are informative.
APPLICATION USAGE
None.
EXAMPLES
The following example shows how a user might use the qselect utility in conjunction with
the qdel utility to delete all of his or her jobs in the queued state without affecting
any jobs that are already running:
qdel $(qselect -s q)
or:
qselect -s q || xargs qdel
RATIONALE
The qselect utility allows users to acquire a list of job identifiers that match user-
specified selection criteria. The list of identifiers returned by the qselect utility
conforms to the syntax of the batch job identifier list processed by a utility such as
qmove, qdel, and qrls. The qselect utility is thus a powerful tool for causing another
batch system utility to act upon a set of jobs that match a list of selection criteria.
The options of the qselect utility let the user apply a number of useful filters for
selecting jobs. Each option further restricts the selection of jobs. Many of the selection
options allow the specification of a relational operator. The FORTRAN-like syntax of the
operator—that is, ".lt."—was chosen rather than the C-like "<=" meta-characters.
The -a option allows users to restrict the selected jobs to those that have been submitted
(or altered) to wait until a particular time. The time period is determined by the
argument of this option, which includes both a time and an operator—it is thus possible to
select jobs waiting until a specific time, jobs waiting until after a certain time, or
those waiting for a time before the specified time.
The -A option allows users to restrict the selected jobs to those that have been submitted
(or altered) to charge a particular account.
The -c option allows users to restrict the selected jobs to those whose checkpointing
interval falls within the specified range.
The -l option allows users to select those jobs whose resource limits fall within the
range indicated by the value of the option. For example, a user could select those jobs
for which the CPU time limit is greater than two hours.
The -N option allows users to select jobs by job name. For instance, all the parts of a
task that have been divided in parallel jobs might be given the same name, and thus
manipulated as a group by means of this option.
The -q option allows users to select jobs in a specified queue.
The -r option allows users to select only those jobs with a specified rerun criteria. For
instance, a user might select only those jobs that can be rerun for use with the qrerun
utility.
The -s option allows users to select only those jobs that are in a certain state.
The -u option allows users to select jobs that have been submitted to execute under a
particular account.
The selection criteria provided by the options of the qselect utility allow users to
select jobs based on all the appropriate attributes that can be assigned to jobs by the
qsub utility.
Historically, the qselect utility has not been a part of existing practice; it is an
improvement that has been introduced in this volume of POSIX.1‐2017.
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
The qselect utility may be removed in a future version.
SEE ALSO
Chapter 3, Batch Environment Services, qdel, qrerun, qrls, qselect, qsub, touch
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 6.1, Portable Character Set, Chapter
8, Environment Variables, Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines
COPYRIGHT
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE Std
1003.1-2017, Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface
(POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, 2018 Edition, Copyright (C) 2018 by
the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group
Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The
original Standard can be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
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