Ubuntu Manpage: wireshark - Interactively dump and analyze network traffic

NAME

       wireshark - Interactively dump and analyze network traffic

SYNOPSIS

       wireshark [ -i <capture interface>|- ] [ -f <capture filter> ] [ -Y <display filter> ]
       [ -w <outfile> ] [ options ] [ <infile> ]

DESCRIPTION

       Wireshark is a GUI network protocol analyzer. It lets you interactively browse packet data
       from a live network or from a previously saved capture file. Wireshark's native capture
       file formats are pcapng format and pcap format; it can read and write both formats.. pcap
       format is also the format used by tcpdump and various other tools; tcpdump, when using
       newer verions of the libpcap library, can also read some pcapng files, and, on newer
       versions of macOS, can read all pcapng files and can write them as well.

       Wireshark can also read / import the following file formats:

       •   Oracle (previously Sun) snoop and atmsnoop captures

       •   Finisar (previously Shomiti) Surveyor captures

       •   Microsoft Network Monitor captures

       •   Novell LANalyzer captures

       •   AIX’s iptrace captures

       •   Cinco Networks NetXRay captures

       •   NETSCOUT (previously Network Associates/Network General) Windows-based Sniffer
           captures

       •   Network General/Network Associates DOS-based Sniffer captures (compressed or
           uncompressed)

       •   LiveAction (previously WildPackets/Savvius) *Peek/EtherHelp/PacketGrabber captures

       •   RADCOM's WAN/LAN analyzer captures

       •   Viavi (previously Network Instruments) Observer captures

       •   Lucent/Ascend router debug output

       •   captures from HP-UX nettl

       •   Toshiba’s ISDN routers dump output

       •   the output from i4btrace from the ISDN4BSD project

       •   traces from the EyeSDN USB S0

       •   the IPLog format output from the Cisco Secure Intrusion Detection System

       •   pppd logs (pppdump format)

       •   the output from VMS’s TCPIPtrace/TCPtrace/UCX$TRACE utilities

       •   the text output from the DBS Etherwatch VMS utility

       •   Visual Networks' Visual UpTime traffic capture

       •   the output from CoSine L2 debug

       •   the output from InfoVista (previously Accellent) 5View LAN agents

       •   Endace Measurement Systems' ERF format captures

       •   Linux Bluez Bluetooth stack hcidump -w traces

       •   Catapult DCT2000 .out files

       •   Gammu generated text output from Nokia DCT3 phones in Netmonitor mode

       •   IBM Series (OS/400) Comm traces (ASCII & UNICODE)

       •   Juniper Netscreen snoop files

       •   Symbian OS btsnoop files

       •   TamoSoft CommView files

       •   Tektronix K12xx 32bit .rf5 format files

       •   Tektronix K12 text file format captures

       •   Apple PacketLogger files

       •   Captures from Aethra Telecommunications' PC108 software for their test instruments

       •   Citrix NetScaler Trace files

       •   Android Logcat binary and text format logs

       •   Colasoft Capsa and PacketBuilder captures

       •   Micropross mplog files

       •   Unigraf DPA-400 DisplayPort AUX channel monitor traces

       •   802.15.4 traces from Daintree’s Sensor Network Analyzer

       •   MPEG-2 Transport Streams as defined in ISO/IEC 13818-1

       •   Log files from the candump utility

       •   Logs from the BUSMASTER tool

       •   Ixia IxVeriWave raw captures

       •   Rabbit Labs CAM Inspector files

       •   systemd journal files

       •   3GPP TS 32.423 trace files

       There is no need to tell Wireshark what type of file you are reading; it will determine
       the file type by itself. Wireshark is also capable of reading any of these file formats if
       they are compressed using gzip. Wireshark recognizes this directly from the file; the
       '.gz' extension is not required for this purpose.

       Like other protocol analyzers, Wireshark's main window shows 3 views of a packet. It shows
       a summary line, briefly describing what the packet is. A packet details display is shown,
       allowing you to drill down to exact protocol or field that you interested in. Finally, a
       hex dump shows you exactly what the packet looks like when it goes over the wire.

       In addition, Wireshark has some features that make it unique. It can assemble all the
       packets in a TCP conversation and show you the ASCII (or EBCDIC, or hex) data in that
       conversation. Display filters in Wireshark are very powerful; more fields are filterable
       in Wireshark than in other protocol analyzers, and the syntax you can use to create your
       filters is richer. As Wireshark progresses, expect more and more protocol fields to be
       allowed in display filters.

       Packet capturing is performed with the pcap library. The capture filter syntax follows the
       rules of the pcap library. This syntax is different from the display filter syntax.

       Compressed file support uses (and therefore requires) the zlib library. If the zlib
       library is not present, Wireshark will compile, but will be unable to read compressed
       files.

       The pathname of a capture file to be read can be specified with the -r option or can be
       specified as a command-line argument.

OPTIONS

Most users will want to start Wireshark without options and configure it from the menus
instead. Those users may just skip this section.

-a|--autostop <capture autostop condition>

Specify a criterion that specifies when Wireshark is to stop writing to a capture
file. The criterion is of the form test:value, where test is one of:

duration:value Stop writing to a capture file after value seconds have elapsed.
Floating point values (e.g. 0.5) are allowed.

files:value Stop writing to capture files after value number of files were written.

filesize:value Stop writing to a capture file after it reaches a size of value kB. If
this option is used together with the -b option, Wireshark will stop writing to the
current capture file and switch to the next one if filesize is reached. Note that the
filesize is limited to a maximum value of 2 GiB.

packets:value Stop writing to a capture file after it contains value packets. Acts the
same as -c<capture packet count>.

-b|--ring-buffer <capture ring buffer option>

Cause Wireshark to run in "multiple files" mode. In "multiple files" mode, Wireshark
will write to several capture files. When the first capture file fills up, Wireshark
will switch writing to the next file and so on.

The created filenames are based on the filename given with the -w flag, the number of
the file and on the creation date and time, e.g. outfile_00001_20230714120117.pcap,
outfile_00002_20230714120523.pcap, ...

With the files option it’s also possible to form a "ring buffer". This will fill up
new files until the number of files specified, at which point Wireshark will discard
the data in the first file and start writing to that file and so on. If the files
option is not set, new files filled up until one of the capture stop conditions match
(or until the disk is full).

The criterion is of the form key:value, where key is one of:

duration:value switch to the next file after value seconds have elapsed, even if the
current file is not completely filled up. Floating point values (e.g. 0.5) are
allowed.

files:value begin again with the first file after value number of files were written
(form a ring buffer). This value must be less than 100000. Caution should be used when
using large numbers of files: some filesystems do not handle many files in a single
directory well. The files criterion requires one of the other criteria to be specified
to control when to go to the next file. It should be noted that each -b parameter
takes exactly one criterion; to specify two criteria, each must be preceded by the -b
option.

filesize:value switch to the next file after it reaches a size of value kB. Note that
the filesize is limited to a maximum value of 2 GiB.

interval:value switch to the next file when the time is an exact multiple of value
seconds.

packets:value switch to the next file after it contains value packets.

Example: -b filesize:1000 -b files:5 results in a ring buffer of five files of size
one megabyte each.

-B|--buffer-size <capture buffer size>

Set capture buffer size (in MiB, default is 2 MiB). This is used by the capture driver
to buffer packet data until that data can be written to disk. If you encounter packet
drops while capturing, try to increase this size. Note that, while Wireshark attempts
to set the buffer size to 2 MiB by default, and can be told to set it to a larger
value, the system or interface on which you’re capturing might silently limit the
capture buffer size to a lower value or raise it to a higher value.

This is available on UNIX systems with libpcap 1.0.0 or later and on Windows. It is
not available on UNIX systems with earlier versions of libpcap.

This option can occur multiple times. If used before the first occurrence of the -i
option, it sets the default capture buffer size. If used after an -i option, it sets
the capture buffer size for the interface specified by the last -i option occurring
before this option. If the capture buffer size is not set specifically, the default
capture buffer size is used instead.

-c <capture packet count>

Set the maximum number of packets to read when capturing live data. Acts the same as
-a packets:<capture packet count>.

-C <configuration profile>

Start with the given configuration profile.

--capture-comment <comment>

When performing a capture file from the command line, with the -k flag, add a capture
comment to the output file, if supported by the capture format.

This option may be specified multiple times. Note that Wireshark currently only
displays the first comment of a capture file.

-d <layer type>==<selector>,<decode-as protocol>

Like Wireshark’s Decode As... feature, this lets you specify how a layer type should
be dissected. If the layer type in question (for example, tcp.port or udp.port for a
TCP or UDP port number) has the specified selector value, packets should be dissected
as the specified protocol.

Example: -d tcp.port==8888,http will decode any traffic running over TCP port 8888 as
HTTP.

See the tshark(1) manual page for more examples.

-D|--list-interfaces

Print a list of the interfaces on which Wireshark can capture, and exit. For each
network interface, a number and an interface name, possibly followed by a text
description of the interface, is printed. The interface name or the number can be
supplied to the -i flag to specify an interface on which to capture.

This can be useful on systems that don’t have a command to list them (UNIX systems
lacking ifconfig -a or Linux systems lacking ip link show). The number can be useful
on Windows systems, where the interface name might be a long name or a GUID.

Note that "can capture" means that Wireshark was able to open that device to do a live
capture; if, on your system, a program doing a network capture must be run from an
account with special privileges (for example, as root), then, if Wireshark is run with
the -D flag and is not run from such an account, it will not list any interfaces.

--display <X display to use>

Specifies the X display to use. A hostname and screen (otherhost:0.0) or just a screen
(:0.0) can be specified. This option is not available under Windows.

--disable-protocol <proto_name>

Disable dissection of proto_name.

--disable-heuristic <short_name>

Disable dissection of heuristic protocol.

--enable-protocol <proto_name>

Enable dissection of proto_name.

--enable-heuristic <short_name>

Enable dissection of heuristic protocol.

-f <capture filter>

Set the capture filter expression.

This option can occur multiple times. If used before the first occurrence of the -i
option, it sets the default capture filter expression. If used after an -i option, it
sets the capture filter expression for the interface specified by the last -i option
occurring before this option. If the capture filter expression is not set
specifically, the default capture filter expression is used if provided.

Pre-defined capture filter names, as shown in the GUI menu item Capture→Capture
Filters, can be used by prefixing the argument with "predef:". Example: -f
"predef:MyPredefinedHostOnlyFilter"

--fullscreen

Start Wireshark in full screen mode (kiosk mode). To exit from fullscreen mode, open
the View menu and select the Full Screen option. Alternatively, press the F11 key (or
Ctrl + Cmd + F for macOS).

-g <packet number>

After reading in a capture file using the -r flag, go to the given packet number.

-h|--help

Print the version number and options and exit.

-H

Hide the capture info dialog during live packet capture.

-i|--interface <capture interface>|-

Set the name of the network interface or pipe to use for live packet capture.

Network interface names should match one of the names listed in "wireshark -D"
(described above); a number, as reported by "wireshark -D", can also be used. If
you’re using UNIX, "netstat -i", "ifconfig -a" or "ip link" might also work to list
interface names, although not all versions of UNIX support the -a option to ifconfig.

If no interface is specified, Wireshark searches the list of interfaces, choosing the
first non-loopback interface if there are any non-loopback interfaces, and choosing
the first loopback interface if there are no non-loopback interfaces. If there are no
interfaces at all, Wireshark reports an error and doesn’t start the capture.

Pipe names should be either the name of a FIFO (named pipe) or "-" to read data from
the standard input. On Windows systems, pipe names must be of the form
"\\.\pipe\pipename". Data read from pipes must be in standard pcapng or pcap format.
Pcapng data must have the same endianness as the capturing host.

"TCP@<host>:<port>" causes Wireshark to attempt to connect to the specified port on
the specified host and read pcapng or pcap data.

This option can occur multiple times. When capturing from multiple interfaces, the
capture file will be saved in pcapng format.

-I|--monitor-mode

Put the interface in "monitor mode"; this is supported only on IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi
interfaces, and supported only on some operating systems.

Note that in monitor mode the adapter might disassociate from the network with which
it’s associated, so that you will not be able to use any wireless networks with that
adapter. This could prevent accessing files on a network server, or resolving host
names or network addresses, if you are capturing in monitor mode and are not connected
to another network with another adapter.

This option can occur multiple times. If used before the first occurrence of the -i
option, it enables the monitor mode for all interfaces. If used after an -i option, it
enables the monitor mode for the interface specified by the last -i option occurring
before this option.

-j

Use after -J to change the behavior when no exact match is found for the filter. With
this option select the first packet before.

-J <jump filter>

After reading in a capture file using the -r flag, jump to the packet matching the
filter (display filter syntax). If no exact match is found the first packet after that
is selected.

-k

Start the capture session immediately. If the -i flag was specified, the capture uses
the specified interface. Otherwise, Wireshark searches the list of interfaces,
choosing the first non-loopback interface if there are any non-loopback interfaces,
and choosing the first loopback interface if there are no non-loopback interfaces; if
there are no interfaces, Wireshark reports an error and doesn’t start the capture.

-K <keytab>

Load kerberos crypto keys from the specified keytab file. This option can be used
multiple times to load keys from several files.

Example: -K krb5.keytab

-l

Turn on automatic scrolling if the packet display is being updated automatically as
packets arrive during a capture (as specified by the -S flag).

-L|--list-data-link-types

List the data link types supported by the interface and exit.

--list-time-stamp-types

List time stamp types supported for the interface. If no time stamp type can be set,
no time stamp types are listed.

-n

Disable network object name resolution (such as hostname, TCP and UDP port names), the
-N flag might override this one.

-N <name resolving flags>

Turn on name resolving only for particular types of addresses and port numbers, with
name resolving for other types of addresses and port numbers turned off. This flag
overrides -n if both -N and -n are present. If both -N and -n flags are not present,
all name resolutions are turned on.

The argument is a string that may contain the letters:

m to enable MAC address resolution

n to enable network address resolution

N to enable using external resolvers (e.g., DNS) for network address resolution

t to enable transport-layer port number resolution

d to enable resolution from captured DNS packets

v to enable VLAN IDs to names resolution

-o <preference/recent setting>

Set a preference or recent value, overriding the default value and any value read from
a preference/recent file. The argument to the flag is a string of the form
prefname:value, where prefname is the name of the preference/recent value (which is
the same name that would appear in the preference/recent file), and value is the value
to which it should be set. Since Ethereal 0.10.12, the recent settings replaces the
formerly used -B, -P and -T flags to manipulate the GUI dimensions.

If prefname is "uat", you can override settings in various user access tables using
the form "uat:uat filename:uat record". uat filename must be the name of a UAT file,
e.g. user_dlts. uat_record must be in the form of a valid record for that file,
including quotes. For instance, to specify a user DLT from the command line, you would
use

-o "uat:user_dlts:\"User 0 (DLT=147)\",\"cops\",\"0\",\"\",\"0\",\"\""

-p|--no-promiscuous-mode

Don’t put the interface into promiscuous mode. Note that the interface might be in
promiscuous mode for some other reason; hence, -p cannot be used to ensure that the
only traffic that is captured is traffic sent to or from the machine on which
Wireshark is running, broadcast traffic, and multicast traffic to addresses received
by that machine.

This option can occur multiple times. If used before the first occurrence of the -i
option, no interface will be put into the promiscuous mode. If used after an -i
option, the interface specified by the last -i option occurring before this option
will not be put into the promiscuous mode.

-P <path setting>

Special path settings usually detected automatically. This is used for special cases,
e.g. starting Wireshark from a known location on an USB stick.

The criterion is of the form key:path, where key is one of:

persconf:path path of personal configuration files, like the preferences files.

persdata:path path of personal data files, it’s the folder initially opened. After the
very first initialization, the recent file will keep the folder last used.

-r|--read-file <infile>

Read packet data from infile, can be any supported capture file format (including
gzipped files). It’s not possible to use named pipes or stdin here! To capture from a
pipe or from stdin use -i -

-R|--read-filter <read (display) filter>

When reading a capture file specified with the -r flag, causes the specified filter
(which uses the syntax of display filters, rather than that of capture filters) to be
applied to all packets read from the capture file; packets not matching the filter are
discarded.

-s|--snapshot-length <capture snaplen>

Set the default snapshot length to use when capturing live data. No more than snaplen
bytes of each network packet will be read into memory, or saved to disk. A value of 0
specifies a snapshot length of 262144, so that the full packet is captured; this is
the default.

This option can occur multiple times. If used before the first occurrence of the -i
option, it sets the default snapshot length. If used after an -i option, it sets the
snapshot length for the interface specified by the last -i option occurring before
this option. If the snapshot length is not set specifically, the default snapshot
length is used if provided.

-S

Automatically update the packet display as packets are coming in.

-t a|ad|adoy|d|dd|e|r|u|ud|udoy

Set the format of the packet timestamp displayed in the packet list window. The format
can be one of:

a absolute: The absolute time, as local time in your time zone, is the actual time the
packet was captured, with no date displayed

ad absolute with date: The absolute date, displayed as YYYY-MM-DD, and time, as local
time in your time zone, is the actual time and date the packet was captured

adoy absolute with date using day of year: The absolute date, displayed as YYYY/DOY,
and time, as local time in your time zone, is the actual time and date the packet was
captured

d delta: The delta time is the time since the previous packet was captured

dd delta_displayed: The delta_displayed time is the time since the previous displayed
packet was captured

e epoch: The time in seconds since epoch (Jan 1, 1970 00:00:00)

r relative: The relative time is the time elapsed between the first packet and the
current packet

u UTC: The absolute time, as UTC, is the actual time the packet was captured, with no
date displayed

ud UTC with date: The absolute date, displayed as YYYY-MM-DD, and time, as UTC, is the
actual time and date the packet was captured

udoy UTC with date using day of year: The absolute date, displayed as YYYY/DOY, and
time, as UTC, is the actual time and date the packet was captured

The default format is relative.

--temp-dir <directory>

Specifies the directory into which temporary files (including capture files) are to be
written. The default behaviour is to use your system’s temporary directory (typically
/tmp on Linux, and C:\\Temp on Windows).

--time-stamp-type <type>

Change the interface’s timestamp method. See --list-time-stamp-types.

-u <s|hms>

Output format of seconds (def: s: seconds)

-v|--version

Print the full version information and exit.

-w <outfile>

Set the default capture file name, or '-' for standard output.

-X <eXtension options>

Specify an option to be passed to an Wireshark module. The eXtension option is in the
form extension_key:value, where extension_key can be:

lua_script:lua_script_filename tells Wireshark to load the given script in addition to
the default Lua scripts.

lua_scriptnum:argument tells Wireshark to pass the given argument to the lua script
identified by 'num', which is the number indexed order of the 'lua_script' command.
For example, if only one script was loaded with '-X lua_script:my.lua', then '-X
lua_script1:foo' will pass the string 'foo' to the 'my.lua' script. If two scripts
were loaded, such as '-X lua_script:my.lua' and '-X lua_script:other.lua' in that
order, then a '-X lua_script2:bar' would pass the string 'bar' to the second lua
script, namely 'other.lua'.

read_format:file_format tells Wireshark to use the given file format to read in the
file (the file given in the -r command option).

stdin_descr:description tells Wireshark to use the given description when capturing
from standard input (-i -).

-y|--linktype <capture link type>

If a capture is started from the command line with -k, set the data link type to use
while capturing packets. The values reported by -L are the values that can be used.

This option can occur multiple times. If used before the first occurrence of the -i
option, it sets the default capture link type. If used after an -i option, it sets the
capture link type for the interface specified by the last -i option occurring before
this option. If the capture link type is not set specifically, the default capture
link type is used if provided.

-Y|--display-filter <displaY filter>

Start with the given display filter.

-z <statistics>

Get Wireshark to collect various types of statistics and display the result in a
window that updates in semi-real time.

Some of the currently implemented statistics are:

-z help

Display all possible values for -z.

-z afp,srt[,filter]

Show Apple Filing Protocol service response time statistics.

-z conv,type[,filter]

Create a table that lists all conversations that could be seen in the capture. type
specifies the conversation endpoint types for which we want to generate the
statistics; currently the supported ones are:

"eth" Ethernet addresses
"fc" Fibre Channel addresses
"fddi" FDDI addresses
"ip" IPv4 addresses
"ipv6" IPv6 addresses
"ipx" IPX addresses
"tcp" TCP/IP socket pairs Both IPv4 and IPv6 are supported
"tr" Token Ring addresses
"udp" UDP/IP socket pairs Both IPv4 and IPv6 are supported

If the optional filter is specified, only those packets that match the filter will be
used in the calculations.

The table is presented with one line for each conversation and displays the number of
packets/bytes in each direction as well as the total number of packets/bytes. By
default, the table is sorted according to the total number of packets.

These tables can also be generated at runtime by selecting the appropriate
conversation type from the menu "Tools/Statistics/Conversation List/".

-z dcerpc,srt,name-or-uuid,major.minor[,filter]

Collect call/reply SRT (Service Response Time) data for DCERPC interface name or uuid,
version major.minor. Data collected is the number of calls for each procedure, MinSRT,
MaxSRT and AvgSRT. Interface name and uuid are case-insensitive.

Example: -z dcerpc,srt,12345778-1234-abcd-ef00-0123456789ac,1.0 will collect data for
the CIFS SAMR Interface.

This option can be used multiple times on the command line.

If the optional filter is provided, the stats will only be calculated on those calls
that match that filter.

Example: -z dcerpc,srt,12345778-1234-abcd-ef00-0123456789ac,1.0,ip.addr==1.2.3.4 will
collect SAMR SRT statistics for a specific host.

-z dhcp,stat[,filter]

Show DHCP (BOOTP) statistics.

-z expert

Show expert information.

-z fc,srt[,filter]

Collect call/reply SRT (Service Response Time) data for FC. Data collected is the
number of calls for each Fibre Channel command, MinSRT, MaxSRT and AvgSRT.

Example: -z fc,srt will calculate the Service Response Time as the time delta between
the First packet of the exchange and the Last packet of the exchange.

The data will be presented as separate tables for all normal FC commands, Only those
commands that are seen in the capture will have its stats displayed.

This option can be used multiple times on the command line.

If the optional filter is provided, the stats will only be calculated on those calls
that match that filter.

Example: -z "fc,srt,fc.id==01.02.03" will collect stats only for FC packets exchanged
by the host at FC address 01.02.03 .

-z h225,counter[,filter]

Count ITU-T H.225 messages and their reasons. In the first column you get a list of
H.225 messages and H.225 message reasons which occur in the current capture file. The
number of occurrences of each message or reason is displayed in the second column.

Example: -z h225,counter

This option can be used multiple times on the command line.

If the optional filter is provided, the stats will only be calculated on those calls
that match that filter.

Example: -z "h225,counter,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" will collect stats only for H.225 packets
exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .

-z h225,srt[,filter]

Collect request/response SRT (Service Response Time) data for ITU-T H.225 RAS. Data
collected is the number of calls of each ITU-T H.225 RAS Message Type, Minimum SRT,
Maximum SRT, Average SRT, Minimum in Packet, and Maximum in Packet. You will also get
the number of Open Requests (Unresponded Requests), Discarded Responses (Responses
without matching request) and Duplicate Messages.

Example: -z h225,srt

This option can be used multiple times on the command line.

If the optional filter is provided, the stats will only be calculated on those calls
that match that filter.

Example: -z "h225,srt,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" will collect stats only for ITU-T H.225 RAS
packets exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .

-z io,stat

Collect packet/bytes statistics for the capture in intervals of 1 second. This option
will open a window with up to 5 color-coded graphs where number-of-packets-per-second
or number-of-bytes-per-second statistics can be calculated and displayed.

This option can be used multiple times on the command line.

This graph window can also be opened from the Analyze:Statistics:Traffic:IO-Stat menu
item.

-z ldap,srt[,filter]

Collect call/reply SRT (Service Response Time) data for LDAP. Data collected is the
number of calls for each implemented LDAP command, MinSRT, MaxSRT and AvgSRT.

Example: -z ldap,srt will calculate the Service Response Time as the time delta
between the Request and the Response.

The data will be presented as separate tables for all implemented LDAP commands, Only
those commands that are seen in the capture will have its stats displayed.

This option can be used multiple times on the command line.

If the optional filter is provided, the stats will only be calculated on those calls
that match that filter.

Example: use -z "ldap,srt,ip.addr==10.1.1.1" will collect stats only for LDAP packets
exchanged by the host at IP address 10.1.1.1 .

The only LDAP commands that are currently implemented and for which the stats will be
available are: BIND SEARCH MODIFY ADD DELETE MODRDN COMPARE EXTENDED

-z megaco,srt[,filter]

Collect request/response SRT (Service Response Time) data for MEGACO. (This is similar
to -z smb,srt). Data collected is the number of calls for each known MEGACO Command,
Minimum SRT, Maximum SRT and Average SRT.

Example: -z megaco,srt

This option can be used multiple times on the command line.

If the optional filter is provided, the stats will only be calculated on those calls
that match that filter.

Example: -z "megaco,srt,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" will collect stats only for MEGACO packets
exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .

-z mgcp,srt[,filter]

Collect request/response SRT (Service Response Time) data for MGCP. (This is similar
to -z smb,srt). Data collected is the number of calls for each known MGCP Type,
Minimum SRT, Maximum SRT and Average SRT.

Example: -z mgcp,srt

This option can be used multiple times on the command line.

If the optional filter is provided, the stats will only be calculated on those calls
that match that filter.

Example: -z "mgcp,srt,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" will collect stats only for MGCP packets
exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .

-z mtp3,msus[,<filter>]

Show MTP3 MSU statistics.

-z multicast,stat[,<filter>]

Show UDP multicast stream statistics.

-z rpc,programs

Collect call/reply SRT data for all known ONC-RPC programs/versions. Data collected is
the number of calls for each protocol/version, MinSRT, MaxSRT and AvgSRT.

-z rpc,srt,name-or-number,version[,<filter>]

Collect call/reply SRT (Service Response Time) data for program name/version or
number/version. Data collected is the number of calls for each procedure, MinSRT,
MaxSRT and AvgSRT. Program name is case-insensitive.

Example: -z rpc,srt,100003,3 will collect data for NFS v3.

This option can be used multiple times on the command line.

If the optional filter is provided, the stats will only be calculated on those calls
that match that filter.

Example: -z rpc,srt,nfs,3,nfs.fh.hash==0x12345678 will collect NFS v3 SRT statistics
for a specific file.

-z scsi,srt,cmdset[,<filter>]

Collect call/reply SRT (Service Response Time) data for SCSI commandset <cmdset>.

Commandsets are 0:SBC 1:SSC 5:MMC

Data collected is the number of calls for each procedure, MinSRT, MaxSRT and AvgSRT.

Example: -z scsi,srt,0 will collect data for SCSI BLOCK COMMANDS (SBC).

This option can be used multiple times on the command line.

If the optional filter is provided, the stats will only be calculated on those calls
that match that filter.

Example: -z scsi,srt,0,ip.addr==1.2.3.4 will collect SCSI SBC SRT statistics for a
specific iscsi/ifcp/fcip host.

-z sip,stat[,filter]

This option will activate a counter for SIP messages. You will get the number of
occurrences of each SIP Method and of each SIP Status-Code. Additionally you also get
the number of resent SIP Messages (only for SIP over UDP).

Example: -z sip,stat

This option can be used multiple times on the command line.

If the optional filter is provided, the stats will only be calculated on those calls
that match that filter.

Example: -z "sip,stat,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" will collect stats only for SIP packets
exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .

-z smb,srt[,filter]

Collect call/reply SRT (Service Response Time) data for SMB. Data collected is the
number of calls for each SMB command, MinSRT, MaxSRT and AvgSRT.

Example: -z smb,srt

The data will be presented as separate tables for all normal SMB commands, all
Transaction2 commands and all NT Transaction commands. Only those commands that are
seen in the capture will have their stats displayed. Only the first command in a xAndX
command chain will be used in the calculation. So for common SessionSetupAndX +
TreeConnectAndX chains, only the SessionSetupAndX call will be used in the statistics.
This is a flaw that might be fixed in the future.

This option can be used multiple times on the command line.

If the optional filter is provided, the stats will only be calculated on those calls
that match that filter.

Example: -z "smb,srt,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" will collect stats only for SMB packets
exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .

-z voip,calls

This option will show a window that shows VoIP calls found in the capture file. This
is the same window shown as when you go to the Statistics Menu and choose VoIP Calls.

Example: -z voip,calls

-z wlan,stat[,<filter>]

Show IEEE 802.11 network and station statistics.

-z wsp,stat[,<filter>]

Show WSP packet counters.

DIAGNOSTIC OPTIONS

       --log-level <level>
           Set the active log level. Supported levels in lowest to highest order are "noisy",
           "debug", "info", "message", "warning", "critical", and "error". Messages at each level
           and higher will be printed, for example "warning" prints "warning", "critical", and
           "error" messages and "noisy" prints all messages. Levels are case insensitive.

       --log-fatal <level>
           Abort the program if any messages are logged at the specified level or higher. For
           example, "warning" aborts on any "warning", "critical", or "error" messages.

       --log-domains <list>
           Only print messages for the specified log domains, e.g. "GUI,Epan,sshdump". List of
           domains must be comma-separated.

       --log-debug <list>
           Force the specified domains to log at the "debug" level. List of domains must be
           comma-separated.

       --log-noisy <list>
           Force the specified domains to log at the "noisy" level. List of domains must be
           comma-separated.

       --log-file <path>
           Write log messages and stderr output to the specified file.

INTERFACE

MENU ITEMS
File › Open, File › Open Recent, File › Merge

Merge another capture file to the currently loaded one. The File:Merge dialog box
allows the merge "Prepended", "Chronologically" or "Appended", relative to the already
loaded one.

File › Close

Open or close a capture file. The File:Open dialog box allows a filter to be
specified; when the capture file is read, the filter is applied to all packets read
from the file, and packets not matching the filter are discarded. The File:Open Recent
is a submenu and will show a list of previously opened files.

File › Save, File › Save As

Save the current capture, or the packets currently displayed from that capture, to a
file. Check boxes let you select whether to save all packets, or just those that have
passed the current display filter and/or those that are currently marked, and an
option menu lets you select (from a list of file formats in which at particular
capture, or the packets currently displayed from that capture, can be saved), a file
format in which to save it.

File › File Set › List Files

Show a dialog box that lists all files of the file set matching the currently loaded
file. A file set is a compound of files resulting from a capture using the "multiple
files" / "ringbuffer" mode, recognizable by the filename pattern, e.g.:
Filename_00001_20230714101530.pcap.

File › File Set › Next File, File › File Set › Previous File

If the currently loaded file is part of a file set (see above), open the next /
previous file in that set.

File › Export

Export captured data into an external format. Note: the data cannot be imported back
into Wireshark, so be sure to keep the capture file.

File › Print

Print packet data from the current capture. You can select the range of packets to be
printed (which packets are printed), and the output format of each packet (how each
packet is printed). The output format will be similar to the displayed values, so a
summary line, the packet details view, and/or the hex dump of the packet can be
printed.

Printing options can be set with the Edit:Preferences menu item, or in the dialog box
popped up by this menu item.

File › Quit
Exit the application.

Edit › Copy › Description
Copies the description of the selected field in the protocol tree to the clipboard.

Edit › Copy › Fieldname
Copies the fieldname of the selected field in the protocol tree to the clipboard.

Edit › Copy › Value
Copies the value of the selected field in the protocol tree to the clipboard.

Edit › Copy › As Filter

Create a display filter based on the data currently highlighted in the packet details
and copy that filter to the clipboard.

If that data is a field that can be tested in a display filter expression, the display
filter will test that field; otherwise, the display filter will be based on the
absolute offset within the packet. Therefore it could be unreliable if the packet
contains protocols with variable-length headers, such as a source-routed token-ring
packet.

Edit › Find Packet

Search forward or backward, starting with the currently selected packet (or the most
recently selected packet, if no packet is selected). Search criteria can be a display
filter expression, a string of hexadecimal digits, or a text string.

When searching for a text string, you can search the packet data, or you can search
the text in the Info column in the packet list pane or in the packet details pane.

Hexadecimal digits can be separated by colons, periods, or dashes. Text string
searches can be ASCII or Unicode (or both), and may be case insensitive.

Edit › Find Next, Edit › Find Previous

Search forward / backward for a packet matching the filter from the previous search,
starting with the currently selected packet (or the most recently selected packet, if
no packet is selected).

Edit › Mark Packet (toggle)

Mark (or unmark if currently marked) the selected packet. The field "frame.marked" is
set for packets that are marked, so that, for example, a display filters can be used
to display only marked packets, and so that the /"Edit:Find Packet" dialog can be used
to find the next or previous marked packet.

Edit › Find Next Mark, Edit › Find Previous Mark
Find next or previous marked packet.

Edit › Mark All Packets, Edit › Unmark All Packets
Mark or unmark all packets that are currently displayed.

Edit › Time Reference › Set Time Reference (toggle)

Set (or unset if currently set) the selected packet as a Time Reference packet. When a
packet is set as a Time Reference packet, the timestamps in the packet list pane will
be replaced with the string "REF". The relative time timestamp in later packets will
then be calculated relative to the timestamp of this Time Reference packet and not the
first packet in the capture.

Packets that have been selected as Time Reference packets will always be displayed in
the packet list pane. Display filters will not affect or hide these packets.

If there is a column displayed for "Cumulative Bytes" this counter will be reset at
every Time Reference packet.

Edit › Time Reference › Find Next, Edit › Time Reference › Find Previous
Search forward or backward for a time referenced packet.

Edit › Configuration Profiles
Manage configuration profiles to be able to use more than one set of preferences and
configurations.

Edit › Preferences
Set the GUI, capture, printing and protocol options (see /Preferences dialog below).

View › Main Toolbar, View › Filter Toolbar, View › Statusbar
Show or hide the main window controls.

View › Packet List, View › Packet Details, View › Packet Bytes
Show or hide the main window panes.

View › Time Display Format
Set the format of the packet timestamp displayed in the packet list window.

View › Name Resolution › Resolve Name
Try to resolve a name for the currently selected item.

View › Name Resolution › Enable for ... Layer
Enable or disable translation of addresses to names in the display.

View › Colorize Packet List
Enable or disable the coloring rules. Disabling will improve performance.

View › Auto Scroll in Live Capture
Enable or disable the automatic scrolling of the packet list while a live capture is
in progress.

View › Zoom In, View › Zoom Out
Zoom into or out of the main window data (by changing the font size).

View › Normal Size
Reset the zoom level back to normal font size.

View › Resize All Columns
Resize all columns to best fit the current packet display.

View › Expand / Collapse Subtrees
Expand or collapse the currently selected item and its subtrees in the packet details.

View › Expand All, View › Collapse All
Expand or Collapse all branches of the packet details.

View › Colorize Conversation
Select a color for a conversation.

View › Reset Coloring 1-10
Reset a color for a conversation.

View › Coloring Rules

Change the foreground and background colors of the packet information in the list of
packets, based upon display filters. The list of display filters is applied to each
packet sequentially. After the first display filter matches a packet, any additional
display filters in the list are ignored. Therefore, if you are filtering on the
existence of protocols, you should list the higher-level protocols first, and the
lower-level protocols last.

How Colorization Works

Packets are colored according to a list of color filters. Each filter consists of a
name, a filter expression and a coloration. A packet is colored according to the first
filter that it matches. Color filter expressions use exactly the same syntax as
display filter expressions.

When Wireshark starts, the color filters are loaded from:

1. The user’s personal color filters file or, if that does not exist,

2. The global color filters file.

If neither of these exist then the packets will not be colored.

View › Show Packet In New Window

Create a new window containing a packet details view and a hex dump window of the
currently selected packet; this window will continue to display that packet’s details
and data even if another packet is selected.

View › Reload
Reload a capture file. Same as File:Close and File:Open the same file again.

Go › Back
Go back in previously visited packets history.

Go › Forward
Go forward in previously visited packets history.

Go › Go To Packet
Go to a particular numbered packet.

Go › Go To Corresponding Packet

If a field in the packet details pane containing a packet number is selected, go to
the packet number specified by that field. (This works only if the dissector that put
that entry into the packet details put it into the details as a filterable field
rather than just as text.) This can be used, for example, to go to the packet for the
request corresponding to a reply, or the reply corresponding to a request, if that
packet number has been put into the packet details.

Go › Previous Packet, Go › Next Packet, Go › First Packet, Go › Last Packet
Go to the previous, next, first, or last packet in the capture.

Go › Previous Packet In Conversation, Go › Next Packet In Conversation
Go to the previous or next packet of the TCP, UDP or IP conversation.

Capture › Interfaces

Shows a dialog box with all currently known interfaces and displaying the current
network traffic amount. Capture sessions can be started from here. Beware: keeping
this box open results in high system load!

Capture › Options

Initiate a live packet capture (see /"Capture Options Dialog" below). If no filename
is specified, a temporary file will be created to hold the capture. The location of
the file can be chosen by setting your TMPDIR environment variable before starting
Wireshark. Otherwise, the default TMPDIR location is system-dependent, but is likely
either /var/tmp or /tmp.

Capture › Start

Start a live packet capture with the previously selected options. This won’t open the
options dialog box, and can be convenient for repeatedly capturing with the same
options.

Capture › Stop
Stop a running live capture.

Capture › Restart

While a live capture is running, stop it and restart with the same options again. This
can be convenient to remove irrelevant packets, if no valuable packets were captured
so far.

Capture › Capture Filters
Edit the saved list of capture filters, allowing filters to be added, changed, or
deleted.

Analyze › Display Filters
Edit the saved list of display filters, allowing filters to be added, changed, or
deleted.

Analyze › Display Filter Macros
Create shortcuts for complex macros.

Analyze › Apply as Filter

Create a display filter based on the data currently highlighted in the packet details
and apply the filter.

The Selected option creates a display filter that tests for a match of the data; the
Not Selected option creates a display filter that tests for a non-match of the data.
The And Selected, Or Selected, And Not Selected, and Or Not Selected options add to
the end of the display filter in the strip at the top (or bottom) an AND or OR
operator followed by the new display filter expression.

Analyze › Prepare as Filter

Create a display filter based on the data currently highlighted in the packet details.
The filter strip at the top (or bottom) is updated but it is not yet applied.

Analyze › Enabled Protocols

Allow protocol dissection to be enabled or disabled for a specific protocol.
Individual protocols can be enabled or disabled by clicking on them in the list or by
highlighting them and pressing the space bar. The entire list can be enabled,
disabled, or inverted using the buttons below the list.

When a protocol is disabled, dissection in a particular packet stops when that
protocol is reached, and Wireshark moves on to the next packet. Any higher-layer
protocols that would otherwise have been processed will not be displayed. For example,
disabling TCP will prevent the dissection and display of TCP, HTTP, SMTP, Telnet, and
any other protocol exclusively dependent on TCP.

The list of protocols can be saved, so that Wireshark will start up with the protocols
in that list disabled.

Analyze › Decode As

If you have a packet selected, present a dialog allowing you to change which
dissectors are used to decode this packet. The dialog has one panel each for the link
layer, network layer and transport layer protocol/port numbers, and will allow each of
these to be changed independently. For example, if the selected packet is a TCP packet
to port 12345, using this dialog you can instruct Wireshark to decode all packets to
or from that TCP port as HTTP packets.

Analyze › User Specified Decodes

Create a new window showing whether any protocol ID to dissector mappings have been
changed by the user. This window also allows the user to reset all decodes to their
default values.

Analyze › Follow TCP Stream

If you have a TCP packet selected, display the contents of the data stream for the TCP
connection to which that packet belongs, as text, in a separate window, and leave the
list of packets in a filtered state, with only those packets that are part of that TCP
connection being displayed. You can revert to your old view by pressing ENTER in the
display filter text box, thereby invoking your old display filter (or resetting it
back to no display filter).

The window in which the data stream is displayed lets you select:

• whether to display the entire conversation, or one or the other side of it;

• whether the data being displayed is to be treated as ASCII or EBCDIC text or as
raw hex data;

and lets you print what’s currently being displayed, using the same print options that
are used for the File:Print Packet menu item, or save it as text to a file.

Analyze › Follow UDP Stream, Analyze › Follow TLS Stream
Similar to Analyze:Follow TCP Stream.

Analyze › Expert Info, Analyze › Expert Info Composite
Show anomalies found by Wireshark in a capture file.

Analyze › Conversation Filter, Statistics › Summary

Show summary information about the capture, including elapsed time, packet counts,
byte counts, and the like. If a display filter is in effect, summary information will
be shown about the capture and about the packets currently being displayed.

Statistics › Protocol Hierarchy

Show the number of packets, and the number of bytes in those packets, for each
protocol in the trace. It organizes the protocols in the same hierarchy in which they
were found in the trace. Besides counting the packets in which the protocol exists, a
count is also made for packets in which the protocol is the last protocol in the
stack. These last-protocol counts show you how many packets (and the byte count
associated with those packets) ended in a particular protocol. In the table, they are
listed under "End Packets" and "End Bytes".

Statistics › Conversations
Lists of conversations; selectable by protocol. See Statistics:Conversation List
below.

Statistics › End Points
List of End Point Addresses by protocol with packets, bytes, and other counts.

Statistics › Packet Lengths
Grouped counts of packet lengths (0-19 bytes, 20-39 bytes, ...)

Statistics › I/O Graphs

Open a window where up to 5 graphs in different colors can be displayed to indicate
number of packets or number of bytes per second for all packets matching the specified
filter. By default only one graph will be displayed showing number of packets per
second.

The top part of the window contains the graphs and scales for the X and Y axis. If the
graph is too long to fit inside the window there is a horizontal scrollbar below the
drawing area that can scroll the graphs to the left or the right. The horizontal axis
displays the time into the capture and the vertical axis will display the measured
quantity at that time.

Below the drawing area and the scrollbar are the controls. On the bottom left there
will be five similar sets of controls to control each individual graph such as
"Display:<button>" which button will toggle that individual graph on/off. If <button>
is ticked, the graph will be displayed. "Color:<color>" which is just a button to show
which color will be used to draw that graph. Finally "Filter:<filter-text>" which can
be used to specify a display filter for that particular graph.

If filter-text is empty then all packets will be used to calculate the quantity for
that graph. If filter-text is specified only those packets that match that display
filter will be considered in the calculation of quantity.

To the right of the 5 graph controls there are four menus to control global aspects of
the draw area and graphs. The "Unit:" menu is used to control what to measure;
"packets/tick", "bytes/tick" or "advanced..."

packets/tick will measure the number of packets matching the (if specified) display
filter for the graph in each measurement interval.

bytes/tick will measure the total number of bytes in all packets matching the (if
specified) display filter for the graph in each measurement interval.

advanced... see below

"Tick interval:" specifies what measurement intervals to use. The default is 1 second
and means that the data will be counted over 1 second intervals.

"Pixels per tick:" specifies how many pixels wide each measurement interval will be in
the drawing area. The default is 5 pixels per tick.

"Y-scale:" controls the max value for the y-axis. Default value is "auto" which means
that Wireshark will try to adjust the maxvalue automatically.

"advanced..." If Unit:advanced... is selected the window will display two more
controls for each of the five graphs. One control will be a menu where the type of
calculation can be selected from SUM,COUNT,MAX,MIN,AVG and LOAD, and one control,
textbox, where the name of a single display filter field can be specified.

The following restrictions apply to type and field combinations:

SUM: available for all types of integers and will calculate the SUM of all occurrences
of this field in the measurement interval. Note that some field can occur multiple
times in the same packet and then all instances will be summed up. Example: 'tcp.len'
which will count the amount of payload data transferred across TCP in each interval.

COUNT: available for all field types. This will COUNT the number of times certain
field occurs in each interval. Note that some fields may occur multiple times in each
packet and if that is the case then each instance will be counted independently and
COUNT will be greater than the number of packets.

MAX: available for all integer and relative time fields. This will calculate the max
seen integer/time value seen for the field during the interval. Example: 'smb.time'
which will plot the maximum SMB response time.

MIN: available for all integer and relative time fields. This will calculate the min
seen integer/time value seen for the field during the interval. Example: 'smb.time'
which will plot the minimum SMB response time.

AVG: available for all integer and relative time fields.This will calculate the
average seen integer/time value seen for the field during the interval. Example:
'smb.time' which will plot the average SMB response time.

LOAD: available only for relative time fields (response times).

Example of advanced: Display how NFS response time MAX/MIN/AVG changes over time:

Set first graph to:

filter:nfs&&rpc.time
Calc:MAX rpc.time

Set second graph to

filter:nfs&&rpc.time
Calc:AVG rpc.time

Set third graph to

filter:nfs&&rpc.time
Calc:MIN rpc.time

Example of advanced: Display how the average packet size from host a.b.c.d changes
over time.

Set first graph to

filter:ip.addr==a.b.c.d&&frame.pkt_len
Calc:AVG frame.pkt_len

LOAD: The LOAD io-stat type is very different from anything you have ever seen before!
While the response times themselves as plotted by MIN,MAX,AVG are indications on the
Server load (which affects the Server response time), the LOAD measurement measures
the Client LOAD. What this measures is how much workload the client generates, i.e.
how fast will the client issue new commands when the previous ones completed. i.e. the
level of concurrency the client can maintain. The higher the number, the more and
faster is the client issuing new commands. When the LOAD goes down, it may be due to
client load making the client slower in issuing new commands (there may be other
reasons as well, maybe the client just doesn’t have any commands it wants to issue
right then).

Load is measured in concurrency/number of overlapping i/o and the value 1000 means
there is a constant load of one i/o.

In each tick interval the amount of overlap is measured. See the graph below
containing three commands: Below the graph are the LOAD values for each interval that
would be calculated.

| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | o=====* | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| o========* | o============* | | |
| | | | | | | | |
--------------------------------------------------> Time
500 1500 500 750 1000 500 0 0

Statistics › Conversation List

This option will open a new window that displays a list of all conversations between
two endpoints. The list has one row for each unique conversation and displays total
number of packets/bytes seen as well as number of packets/bytes in each direction.

By default the list is sorted according to the number of packets but by clicking on
the column header; it is possible to re-sort the list in ascending or descending order
by any column.

By first selecting a conversation by clicking on it and then using the right mouse
button (on those platforms that have a right mouse button) Wireshark will display a
popup menu offering several different filter operations to apply to the capture.

These statistics windows can also be invoked from the Wireshark command line using the
-z conv argument.

Statistics › Service Response Time

• AFP

• CAMEL

• DCE-RPC

Open a window to display Service Response Time statistics for an arbitrary DCE-RPC
program interface and display Procedure, Number of Calls, Minimum SRT, Maximum SRT and
Average SRT for all procedures for that program/version. These windows opened will
update in semi-real time to reflect changes when doing live captures or when reading
new capture files into Wireshark.

This dialog will also allow an optional filter string to be used. If an optional
filter string is used only such DCE-RPC request/response pairs that match that filter
will be used to calculate the statistics. If no filter string is specified all
request/response pairs will be used.

• Diameter

• Fibre Channel

Open a window to display Service Response Time statistics for Fibre Channel and
display FC Type, Number of Calls, Minimum SRT, Maximum SRT and Average SRT for all FC
types. These windows opened will update in semi-real time to reflect changes when
doing live captures or when reading new capture files into Wireshark. The Service
Response Time is calculated as the time delta between the First packet of the exchange
and the Last packet of the exchange.

This dialog will also allow an optional filter string to be used. If an optional
filter string is used only such FC first/last exchange pairs that match that filter
will be used to calculate the statistics. If no filter string is specified all
request/response pairs will be used.

• GTP

• H.225 RAS

Collect requests/response SRT (Service Response Time) data for ITU-T H.225 RAS. Data
collected is number of calls for each known ITU-T H.225 RAS Message Type, Minimum SRT,
Maximum SRT, Average SRT, Minimum in Packet, and Maximum in Packet. You will also get
the number of Open Requests (Unresponded Requests), Discarded Responses (Responses
without matching request) and Duplicate Messages. These windows opened will update in
semi-real time to reflect changes when doing live captures or when reading new capture
files into Wireshark.

You can apply an optional filter string in a dialog box, before starting the
calculation. The statistics will only be calculated on those calls matching that
filter.

• LDAP

• MEGACO

• MGCP

Collect requests/response SRT (Service Response Time) data for MGCP. Data collected is
number of calls for each known MGCP Type, Minimum SRT, Maximum SRT, Average SRT,
Minimum in Packet, and Maximum in Packet. These windows opened will update in
semi-real time to reflect changes when doing live captures or when reading new capture
files into Wireshark.

You can apply an optional filter string in a dialog box, before starting the
calculation. The statistics will only be calculated on those calls matching that
filter.

• NCP

• ONC-RPC

Open a window to display statistics for an arbitrary ONC-RPC program interface and
display Procedure, Number of Calls, Minimum SRT, Maximum SRT and Average SRT for all
procedures for that program/version. These windows opened will update in semi-real
time to reflect changes when doing live captures or when reading new capture files
into Wireshark.

This dialog will also allow an optional filter string to be used. If an optional
filter string is used only such ONC-RPC request/response pairs that match that filter
will be used to calculate the statistics. If no filter string is specified all
request/response pairs will be used.

• RADIUS

• SCSI

• SMB

Collect call/reply SRT (Service Response Time) data for SMB. Data collected is the
number of calls for each SMB command, MinSRT, MaxSRT and AvgSRT.

The data will be presented as separate tables for all normal SMB commands, all
Transaction2 commands and all NT Transaction commands. Only those commands that are
seen in the capture will have its stats displayed. Only the first command in a xAndX
command chain will be used in the calculation. So for common SessionSetupAndX +
TreeConnectAndX chains, only the SessionSetupAndX call will be used in the statistics.
This is a flaw that might be fixed in the future.

You can apply an optional filter string in a dialog box, before starting the
calculation. The stats will only be calculated on those calls matching that filter.

• SMB2

Statistics › BOOTP-DHCP
Show DHCP statistics.

Statistics › Compare
Compare two capture files.

Statistics › Flow Graph
Show protocol flows.

Statistics › HTTP
HTTP Load Distribution, Packet Counter & Requests.

Statistics › IP Addresses
Count, Rate, and Percent by IP Address.

Statistics › IP Destinations
Count, Rate, and Percent by IP Address, protocol, and port.

Statistics › IP Protocol Types
Count, Rate, and Percent by IP Protocol Types.

Statistics › ONC-RPC Programs
This dialog will open a window showing aggregated SRT statistics for all ONC-RPC
Programs/versions that exist in the capture file.

Statistics › TCP Stream Graph
Show Round Trip, Throughput, Time-Sequence (Stevens), or Time-Sequence (tcptrace)
graphs.

Statistics › UDP Multicast streams
Multicast Streams counts, rates, and other statistics by source and destination
address and port pairs.

Statistics › WLAN Traffic
WLAN Traffic Statistics.

Telephony › ITU-T H.225

Count ITU-T H.225 messages and their reasons. In the first column you get a list of
H.225 messages and H.225 message reasons, which occur in the current capture file. The
number of occurrences of each message or reason will be displayed in the second
column. This window opened will update in semi-real time to reflect changes when doing
live captures or when reading new capture files into Wireshark.

You can apply an optional filter string in a dialog box, before starting the counter.
The statistics will only be calculated on those calls matching that filter.

Telephony › SIP

Activate a counter for SIP messages. You will get the number of occurrences of each
SIP Method and of each SIP Status-Code. Additionally you also get the number of resent
SIP Messages (only for SIP over UDP).

This window opened will update in semi-real time to reflect changes when doing live
captures or when reading new capture files into Wireshark.

You can apply an optional filter string in a dialog box, before starting the counter.
The statistics will only be calculated on those calls matching that filter.

Tools › Firewall ACL Rules
Generate firewall rules for a selected packet.

Help › Contents
Display the User’s Guide.

Help › Supported Protocols
List of supported protocols and display filter protocol fields.

Help › Manual Pages
Display locally installed HTML versions of these manual pages in a web browser.

Help › Wireshark Online
Various links to online resources to be open in a web browser, like
https://www.wireshark.org.

Help › About Wireshark
See various information about Wireshark (see /About dialog below), like the version,
the folders used, the available plugins, ...

WINDOWS
Main Window

The main window contains the usual things like the menu, some toolbars, the main area
and a statusbar. The main area is split into three panes, you can resize each pane
using a "thumb" at the right end of each divider line.

The main window is much more flexible than before. The layout of the main window can
be customized by the Layout page in the dialog box popped up by Edit:Preferences, the
following will describe the layout with the default settings.

Main Toolbar

Some menu items are available for quick access here. There is no way to customize the
items in the toolbar, however the toolbar can be hidden by View:Main Toolbar.

Filter Toolbar

A display filter can be entered into the filter toolbar. A filter for HTTP, HTTPS, and
DNS traffic might look like this:

tcp.port in {80 443 53}

Selecting the Filter: button lets you choose from a list of named filters that you can
optionally save. Pressing the Return or Enter keys, or selecting the Apply button,
will cause the filter to be applied to the current list of packets. Selecting the
Reset button clears the display filter so that all packets are displayed (again).

There is no way to customize the items in the toolbar, however the toolbar can be
hidden by View:Filter Toolbar.

Packet List Pane

The top pane contains the list of network packets that you can scroll through and
select. By default, the packet number, packet timestamp, source and destination
addresses, protocol, and description are displayed for each packet; the Columns page
in the dialog box popped up by Edit:Preferences lets you change this (although,
unfortunately, you currently have to save the preferences, and exit and restart
Wireshark, for those changes to take effect).

If you click on the heading for a column, the display will be sorted by that column;
clicking on the heading again will reverse the sort order for that column.

An effort is made to display information as high up the protocol stack as possible,
e.g. IP addresses are displayed for IP packets, but the MAC layer address is displayed
for unknown packet types.

The right mouse button can be used to pop up a menu of operations.

The middle mouse button can be used to mark a packet.

Packet Details Pane

The middle pane contains a display of the details of the currently-selected packet.
The display shows each field and its value in each protocol header in the stack. The
right mouse button can be used to pop up a menu of operations.

Packet Bytes Pane

The lowest pane contains a hex and ASCII dump of the actual packet data. Selecting a
field in the packet details highlights the corresponding bytes in this section.

The right mouse button can be used to pop up a menu of operations.

Statusbar

The statusbar is divided into three parts, on the left some context dependent things
are shown, like information about the loaded file, in the center the number of packets
are displayed, and on the right the current configuration profile.

The statusbar can be hidden by View:Statusbar.

Preferences
Adjust the behavior of Wireshark.

User Interface Preferences
Modify the UI to your own personal tastes.

Selection Bars

The selection bar in the packet list and packet details can have either a "browse" or
"select" behavior. If the selection bar has a "browse" behavior, the arrow keys will
move an outline of the selection bar, allowing you to browse the rest of the list or
details without changing the selection until you press the space bar. If the selection
bar has a "select" behavior, the arrow keys will move the selection bar and change the
selection to the new item in the packet list or packet details.

Save Window Position

If this item is selected, the position of the main Wireshark window will be saved when
Wireshark exits, and used when Wireshark is started again.

Save Window Size

If this item is selected, the size of the main Wireshark window will be saved when
Wireshark exits, and used when Wireshark is started again.

Save Window Maximized state

If this item is selected the maximize state of the main Wireshark window will be saved
when Wireshark exists, and used when Wireshark is started again.

File Open Dialog Behavior

This item allows the user to select how Wireshark handles the listing of the "File
Open" Dialog when opening trace files. "Remember Last Directory" causes Wireshark to
automatically position the dialog in the directory of the most recently opened file,
even between launches of Wireshark. "Always Open in Directory" allows the user to
define a persistent directory that the dialog will always default to.

CAPTURE FILTER SYNTAX

       See the manual page of pcap-filter(7) or, if that doesn’t exist, tcpdump(8), or, if that
       doesn’t exist, https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/wikis/CaptureFilters.

DISPLAY FILTER SYNTAX

       For a complete table of protocol and protocol fields that are filterable in Wireshark see
       the wireshark-filter(4) manual page.

FILES

These files contains various Wireshark configuration settings.

Preferences

The preferences files contain global (system-wide) and personal preference settings.
If the system-wide preference file exists, it is read first, overriding the default
settings. If the personal preferences file exists, it is read next, overriding any
previous values. Note: If the command line flag -o is used (possibly more than once),
it will in turn override values from the preferences files.

The preferences settings are in the form prefname:value, one per line, where prefname
is the name of the preference and value is the value to which it should be set; white
space is allowed between : and value. A preference setting can be continued on
subsequent lines by indenting the continuation lines with white space. A # character
starts a comment that runs to the end of the line:

# Vertical scrollbars should be on right side?
# TRUE or FALSE (case-insensitive).
gui.scrollbar_on_right: TRUE

The global preferences file is looked for in the wireshark directory under the share
subdirectory of the main installation directory (for example,
/usr/local/share/wireshark/preferences) on UNIX-compatible systems, and in the main
installation directory (for example, C:\Program Files\Wireshark\preferences) on
Windows systems.

The personal preferences file is looked for in $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/wireshark/preferences
(or, if $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/wireshark does not exist while $HOME/.wireshark is present,
$HOME/.wireshark/preferences) on UNIX-compatible systems and
%APPDATA%\Wireshark\preferences (or, if %APPDATA% isn’t defined,
%USERPROFILE%\Application Data\Wireshark\preferences) on Windows systems.

Note: Whenever the preferences are saved by using the Save button in the
Edit:Preferences dialog box, your personal preferences file will be overwritten with
the new settings, destroying any comments and unknown/obsolete settings that were in
the file.

Recent

The recent file contains personal settings (mostly GUI related) such as the current
Wireshark window size. The file is saved at program exit and read in at program start
automatically. Note: The command line flag -o may be used to override settings from
this file.

The settings in this file have the same format as in the preferences files, and the
same directory as for the personal preferences file is used.

Note: Whenever Wireshark is closed, your recent file will be overwritten with the new
settings, destroying any comments and unknown/obsolete settings that were in the file.

Disabled (Enabled) Protocols

The disabled_protos files contain system-wide and personal lists of protocols that
have been disabled, so that their dissectors are never called. The files contain
protocol names, one per line, where the protocol name is the same name that would be
used in a display filter for the protocol:

http
tcp # a comment

If a protocol is listed in the global disabled_protos file, it is not displayed in the
Analyze:Enabled Protocols dialog box, and so cannot be enabled by the user.

The global disabled_protos file uses the same directory as the global preferences
file.

The personal disabled_protos file uses the same directory as the personal preferences
file.

Note: Whenever the disabled protocols list is saved by using the Save button in the
Analyze:Enabled Protocols dialog box, your personal disabled protocols file will be
overwritten with the new settings, destroying any comments that were in the file.

Name Resolution (hosts)

If the personal hosts file exists, it is used to resolve IPv4 and IPv6 addresses
before any other attempts are made to resolve them. The file has the standard hosts
file syntax; each line contains one IP address and name, separated by whitespace. The
same directory as for the personal preferences file is used.

Capture filter name resolution is handled by libpcap on UNIX-compatible systems and
WinPcap on Windows. As such the Wireshark personal hosts file will not be consulted
for capture filter name resolution.

Name Resolution (subnets)

If an IPv4 address cannot be translated via name resolution (no exact match is found)
then a partial match is attempted via the subnets file. Both the global subnets file
and personal subnets files are used if they exist.

Each line of this file consists of an IPv4 address, a subnet mask length separated
only by a / and a name separated by whitespace. While the address must be a full IPv4
address, any values beyond the mask length are subsequently ignored.

An example is:

# Comments must be prepended by the # sign! 192.168.0.0/24 ws_test_network

A partially matched name will be printed as "subnet-name.remaining-address". For
example, "192.168.0.1" under the subnet above would be printed as "ws_test_network.1";
if the mask length above had been 16 rather than 24, the printed address would be
"ws_test_network.0.1".

Name Resolution (ethers)

The ethers files are consulted to correlate 6-byte hardware addresses to names. First
the personal ethers file is tried and if an address is not found there the global
ethers file is tried next.

Each line contains one hardware address and name, separated by whitespace. The digits
of the hardware address are separated by colons (:), dashes (-) or periods (.). The
same separator character must be used consistently in an address. The following three
lines are valid lines of an ethers file:

ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff Broadcast
c0-00-ff-ff-ff-ff TR_broadcast
00.00.00.00.00.00 Zero_broadcast

The global ethers file is looked for in the /etc directory on UNIX-compatible systems,
and in the main installation directory (for example, C:\Program Files\Wireshark) on
Windows systems.

The personal ethers file is looked for in the same directory as the personal
preferences file.

Capture filter name resolution is handled by libpcap on UNIX-compatible systems and
WinPcap on Windows. As such the Wireshark personal ethers file will not be consulted
for capture filter name resolution.

Name Resolution (manuf)

The manuf file is used to match the 3-byte vendor portion of a 6-byte hardware address
with the manufacturer’s name; it can also contain well-known MAC addresses and address
ranges specified with a netmask. The format of the file is the same as the ethers
files, except that entries such as:

00:00:0C Cisco

can be provided, with the 3-byte OUI and the name for a vendor, and entries such as:

00-00-0C-07-AC/40 All-HSRP-routers

can be specified, with a MAC address and a mask indicating how many bits of the
address must match. The above entry, for example, has 40 significant bits, or 5 bytes,
and would match addresses from 00-00-0C-07-AC-00 through 00-00-0C-07-AC-FF. The mask
need not be a multiple of 8.

The manuf file is looked for in the same directory as the global preferences file.

Name Resolution (services)

The services file is used to translate port numbers into names. Both the global
services file and personal services files are used if they exist.

The file has the standard services file syntax; each line contains one (service) name
and one transport identifier separated by white space. The transport identifier
includes one port number and one transport protocol name (typically tcp, udp, or sctp)
separated by a /.

An example is:

mydns 5045/udp # My own Domain Name Server mydns 5045/tcp # My own
Domain Name Server

Name Resolution (ipxnets)

The ipxnets files are used to correlate 4-byte IPX network numbers to names. First the
global ipxnets file is tried and if that address is not found there the personal one
is tried next.

The format is the same as the ethers file, except that each address is four bytes
instead of six. Additionally, the address can be represented as a single hexadecimal
number, as is more common in the IPX world, rather than four hex octets. For example,
these four lines are valid lines of an ipxnets file:

C0.A8.2C.00 HR
c0-a8-1c-00 CEO
00:00:BE:EF IT_Server1
110f FileServer3

The global ipxnets file is looked for in the /etc directory on UNIX-compatible
systems, and in the main installation directory (for example, C:\Program
Files\Wireshark) on Windows systems.

The personal ipxnets file is looked for in the same directory as the personal
preferences file.

Capture Filters

The cfilters files contain system-wide and personal capture filters. Each line
contains one filter, starting with the string displayed in the dialog box in quotation
marks, followed by the filter string itself:

"HTTP" port 80
"DCERPC" port 135

The global cfilters file uses the same directory as the global preferences file.

The personal cfilters file uses the same directory as the personal preferences file.
It is written through the Capture:Capture Filters dialog.

If the global cfilters file exists, it is used only if the personal cfilters file does
not exist; global and personal capture filters are not merged.

Display Filters

The dfilters files contain system-wide and personal display filters. Each line
contains one filter, starting with the string displayed in the dialog box in quotation
marks, followed by the filter string itself:

"HTTP" http
"DCERPC" dcerpc

The global dfilters file uses the same directory as the global preferences file.

The personal dfilters file uses the same directory as the personal preferences file.
It is written through the Analyze:Display Filters dialog.

If the global dfilters file exists, it is used only if the personal dfilters file does
not exist; global and personal display filters are not merged.

Color Filters (Coloring Rules)

The colorfilters files contain system-wide and personal color filters. Each line
contains one filter, starting with the string displayed in the dialog box, followed by
the corresponding display filter. Then the background and foreground colors are
appended:

# a comment
@tcp@tcp@[59345,58980,65534][0,0,0]
@udp@udp@[28834,57427,65533][0,0,0]

The global colorfilters file uses the same directory as the global preferences file.

The personal colorfilters file uses the same directory as the personal preferences
file. It is written through the View:Coloring Rules dialog.

If the global colorfilters file exists, it is used only if the personal colorfilters
file does not exist; global and personal color filters are not merged.

Plugins

See above in the description of the About:Plugins page.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

WIRESHARK_CONFIG_DIR

This environment variable overrides the location of personal configuration files. It
defaults to $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/wireshark (or $HOME/.wireshark if the former is missing
while the latter exists). On Windows, %APPDATA%\Wireshark is used instead. Available
since Wireshark 3.0.

WIRESHARK_DEBUG_WMEM_OVERRIDE

Setting this environment variable forces the wmem framework to use the specified
allocator backend for all allocations, regardless of which backend is normally
specified by the code. This is mainly useful to developers when testing or debugging.
See README.wmem in the source distribution for details.

WIRESHARK_RUN_FROM_BUILD_DIRECTORY

This environment variable causes the plugins and other data files to be loaded from
the build directory (where the program was compiled) rather than from the standard
locations. It has no effect when the program in question is running with root (or
setuid) permissions on *NIX.

WIRESHARK_DATA_DIR

This environment variable causes the various data files to be loaded from a directory
other than the standard locations. It has no effect when the program in question is
running with root (or setuid) permissions on *NIX.

ERF_RECORDS_TO_CHECK

This environment variable controls the number of ERF records checked when deciding if
a file really is in the ERF format. Setting this environment variable a number higher
than the default (20) would make false positives less likely.

IPFIX_RECORDS_TO_CHECK

This environment variable controls the number of IPFIX records checked when deciding
if a file really is in the IPFIX format. Setting this environment variable a number
higher than the default (20) would make false positives less likely.

WIRESHARK_ABORT_ON_DISSECTOR_BUG

If this environment variable is set, Wireshark will call abort(3) when a dissector bug
is encountered. abort(3) will cause the program to exit abnormally; if you are running
Wireshark in a debugger, it should halt in the debugger and allow inspection of the
process, and, if you are not running it in a debugger, it will, on some OSes, assuming
your environment is configured correctly, generate a core dump file. This can be
useful to developers attempting to troubleshoot a problem with a protocol dissector.

WIRESHARK_ABORT_ON_TOO_MANY_ITEMS

If this environment variable is set, Wireshark will call abort(3) if a dissector tries
to add too many items to a tree (generally this is an indication of the dissector not
breaking out of a loop soon enough). abort(3) will cause the program to exit
abnormally; if you are running Wireshark in a debugger, it should halt in the debugger
and allow inspection of the process, and, if you are not running it in a debugger, it
will, on some OSes, assuming your environment is configured correctly, generate a core
dump file. This can be useful to developers attempting to troubleshoot a problem with
a protocol dissector.

WIRESHARK_QUIT_AFTER_CAPTURE

Cause Wireshark to exit after the end of the capture session. This doesn’t
automatically start a capture; you must still use -k to do that. You must also specify
an autostop condition, e.g. -c or -a duration:.... This means that you will not be
able to see the results of the capture after it stops; it’s primarily useful for
testing.

WIRESHARK_LOG_LEVEL

This environment variable controls the verbosity of diagnostic messages to the
console. From less verbose to most verbose levels can be critical, warning, message,
info, debug or noisy. Levels above the current level are also active. Levels critical
and error are always active.

WIRESHARK_LOG_FATAL

Sets the fatal log level. Fatal log levels cause the program to abort. This level can
be set to Error, critical or warning. Error is always fatal and is the default.

WIRESHARK_LOG_DOMAINS

This environment variable selects which log domains are active. The filter is given as
a case-insensitive comma separated list. If set only the included domains will be
enabled. The default domain is always considered to be enabled. Domain filter lists
can be preceded by '!' to invert the sense of the match.

WIRESHARK_LOG_DEBUG

List of domains with debug log level. This sets the level of the provided log domains
and takes precedence over the active domains filter. If preceded by '!' this disables
the debug level instead.

WIRESHARK_LOG_NOISY

Same as above but for noisy log level instead.

AUTHORS

       Wireshark would not be the powerful, featureful application it is without the generous
       contributions of hundreds of developers.

       A complete list of authors can be found in the AUTHORS file in Wireshark’s source code
       repository and at https://www.wireshark.org/about.html#authors.

NOTES

       This is the manual page for Wireshark 4.0.8. The latest version of Wireshark can be found
       at https://www.wireshark.org.

       HTML versions of the Wireshark project man pages are available at
       https://www.wireshark.org/docs/man-pages.

                                            2023-08-24                               WIRESHARK(1)

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

DIAGNOSTIC OPTIONS

INTERFACE

CAPTURE FILTER SYNTAX

DISPLAY FILTER SYNTAX

FILES

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

NOTES