Provided by: libconfig-crontab-perl_1.45-3_all 
NAME
Config::Crontab - Read/Write Vixie compatible crontab(5) files
SYNOPSIS
use Config::Crontab;
####################################
## making a new crontab from scratch
####################################
my $ct = new Config::Crontab;
## make a new Block object
my $block = new Config::Crontab::Block( -data => <<_BLOCK_ );
## mail something to joe at 5 after midnight on Fridays
MAILTO=joe
5 0 * * Fri /bin/someprogram 2>&1
_BLOCK_
## add this block to the crontab object
$ct->last($block);
## make another block using Block methods
$block = new Config::Crontab::Block;
$block->last( new Config::Crontab::Comment( -data => '## do backups' ) );
$block->last( new Config::Crontab::Env( -name => 'MAILTO', -value => 'bob' ) );
$block->last( new Config::Crontab::Event( -minute => 40,
-hour => 3,
-command => '/sbin/backup --partition=all' ) );
## add this block to crontab file
$ct->last($block);
## write out crontab file
$ct->write;
###############################
## changing an existing crontab
###############################
my $ct = new Config::Crontab; $ct->read;
## comment out the command that runs our backup
$_->active(0) for $ct->select(-command_re => '/sbin/backup');
## save our crontab again
$ct->write;
###############################
## read joe's crontab (must have root permissions)
###############################
## same as "crontab -u joe -l"
my $ct = new Config::Crontab( -owner => 'joe' );
$ct->read;
DESCRIPTION
Config::Crontab provides an object-oriented interface to Vixie-style crontab(5) files for
Perl.
A Config::Crontab object allows you to manipulate an ordered set of Event, Env, or Comment
objects (also included with this package). Descriptions of these packages may be found
below.
In short, Config::Crontab reads and writes crontab(5) files (and does a little pretty-
printing too) using objects. The general idea is that you create a Config::Crontab object
and associate it with a file (if unassociated, it will work over a pipe to "crontab -l").
From there, you can add lines to your crontab object, change existing line attributes, and
write everything back to file.
• NOTE: Config::Crontab does not (currently) do validity checks on your data (i.e.,
dates out of range, etc.). However, if the call to crontab fails when you invoke
write, write will return undef and set error with the error message returned from the
crontab command. Future development may tend toward more validity checks.
Now, to successfully navigate the module's ins and outs, we'll need a little terminology
lesson.
Terminology
Config::Crontab (hereafter simply Crontab) sees a "crontab" file in terms of blocks. A
block is simply an ordered set of one or more lines. Blocks are separated by two or more
newlines. For example, here is a crontab file with two blocks:
## a comment
30 4 * * * /bin/some_command
## another comment
ENV=some_value
50 9 * * 1-5 /bin/reminder --meeting=friday
The first block contains two Config::Crontab::* objects: a Comment object and an Event
object. The second block contains an Env object in addition to a Comment object and an
Event object. The Config::Crontab class, then, consists of zero or more
Config::Crontab::Block objects. Block objects have these three basic elements:
Config::Crontab::Event
Any lines in a crontab that look like these are Event objects:
5 10 * * * /some/command
@reboot /bin/mystartup.sh
## 0 0 * * Fri /disabled/command
Notice that commented out event lines are still considered Event objects.
Event objects are described below in the Event package description. Please refer to it
for details on manipulating Event objects.
Config::Crontab::Env
Any lines in a crontab that look like these are Env objects:
MAILTO=joe
SOMEVAR = some_value
#DISABLED=env_setting
Notice that commented out environment lines are still considered Env objects.
Env objects are described below in the Env package description. Please refer to it
for details on manipulating Env objects.
Config::Crontab::Comment
Any lines containing only whitespace or lines beginning with a pound sign (but are not
Event or Env objects) are Comment objects:
## this is a comment
(imagine somewhitespace here)
Comment objects are described below in the Comment package description. Please refer
to it for details on manipulating Comment objects.
Illustration
Here is a simple crontab file:
MAILTO=joe@schmoe.org
## send reminder in April
3 10 * Apr Fri joe echo "Friday a.m. in April"
The file consists of an environment variable setting (MAILTO), a comment, and a command to
run. After parsing the above file, Config::Crontab would break it up into the following
objects:
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Config::Crontab object |
| |
| +---------------------------------------------------+ |
| | Config::Crontab::Block object | |
| | | |
| | +---------------------------------------------+ | |
| | | Config::Crontab::Env object | | |
| | | | | |
| | | -name => MAILTO | | |
| | | -value => joe@schmoe.org | | |
| | | -data => MAILTO=joe@schmoe.org | | |
| | +---------------------------------------------+ | |
| +---------------------------------------------------+ |
| |
| +---------------------------------------------------+ |
| | Config::Crontab::Block object | |
| | | |
| | +---------------------------------------------+ | |
| | | Config::Crontab::Comment object | | |
| | | | | |
| | | -data => ## send reminder in April | | |
| | +---------------------------------------------+ | |
| | | |
| | +---------------------------------------------+ | |
| | | Config::Crontab::Event Object | | |
| | | | | |
| | | -datetime => 3 10 * Apr Fri | | |
| | | -special => (empty) | | |
| | | -minute => 3 | | |
| | | -hour => 10 | | |
| | | -dom => * | | |
| | | -month => Apr | | |
| | | -dow => Fri | | |
| | | -user => joe | | |
| | | -command => echo "Friday a.m. in April" | | |
| | +---------------------------------------------+ | |
| +---------------------------------------------------+ |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
You'll notice the main Config::Crontab object encapsulates the entire file. The parser
found two Block objects: the lone MAILTO variable setting, and the comment and command
(together). Two or more newlines together in a crontab file constitute a block separator.
This allows you to logically group commands (as most people do anyway) in the crontab
file, and work with them as a Config::Crontab::Block objects.
The second block consists of a Comment object and an Event object, shown are some of the
data methods you can use to get or set data in those objects.
Practical Usage: A Brief Tutorial
Now that we know what Config::Crontab objects look like and what they're called, let's
play around a little.
Let's say we have an existing crontab on many machines that we want to manage. The
crontab contains some machine-dependent information (e.g., timezone, etc.), so we can't
just copy a file out everywhere and replace the existing crontab. We need to edit each
crontab individually, specifically, we need to change the time when a particular job runs:
30 2 * * * /usr/local/sbin/pirate --arg=matey
to 3:30 am because of daylight saving time (i.e., we don't want this job to run twice).
We can do something like this:
use Config::Crontab;
my $ct = new Config::Crontab;
$ct->read;
my ($event) = $ct->select(-command_re => 'pirate --arg=matey');
$event->hour(3);
$ct->write;
All done! This shows us a couple of subtle but important points:
• The Config::Crontab object must have its read method invoked for it to read the
crontab file.
• The select method returns a list, even if there is only one item to return. This is
why we put parentheses around $event (otherwise we would be putting the return value
of select into scalar context and we would get the number of items in the list instead
of the list itself).
• The set methods for Event (and other) objects are usually invoked the same way as
their get method except with an argument.
• We must write the crontab back out to file with the write method.
Here's how we might do the same thing in a one-line Perl program:
perl -MConfig::Crontab -e '$ct=new Config::Crontab; $ct->read; \
($ct->select(-command_re=>"pirate --arg=matey"))[0]->hour(3); \
$ct->write'
Nice! Ok. Now we need to add a new crontab entry:
35 6 * * * /bin/alarmclock --ring
We can do it like this:
$event = new Config::Crontab::Event( -minute => 36,
-hour => 6,
-command => '/bin/alarmclock --ring');
$block = new Config::Crontab::Block;
$block->last($event);
$ct->last($block);
or like this:
$event = new Config::Crontab::Event( -data => '35 6 * * * /bin/alarmclock --ring' );
$ct->last(new Config::Crontab::Block( -lines => [$event] ));
or like this:
$ct->last(new Config::Crontab::Block(-data => "35 6 * * * /bin/alarmclock --ring"));
We learn the following things from this example:
• Only Block objects can be added to Crontab objects (see "CAVEATS"). Block objects may
be added via the last method (and several other methods, including first, up, down,
before, and after).
• Block objects can be populated in a variety of ways, including the -data attribute (a
string which may--and frequently does--span multiple lines via a 'here' document), the
-lines attribute (which takes a list reference), and the last method. In addition to
the last method, Block objects use the same methods for adding and moving objects that
the Crontab object does: first, last, up, down, before, and after.
After the Module Utility section, the remainder of this document is a reference manual and
describes the methods available (and how to use them) in each of the 5 classes:
Config::Crontab, Config::Crontab::Block, Config::Crontab::Event, Config::Crontab::Env, and
Config::Crontab::Comment. The reader is also encouraged to look at the example CGI script
in the eg directory and the (somewhat contrived) examples in the t (testing) directory
with this distribution.
Module Utility
Config::Crontab is a useful module by virtue of the "one-liner" test. A useful module must
do useful work (editing crontabs is useful work) economically (i.e., useful work must be
able to be done on a single command-line that doesn't wrap more than twice and can be
understood by an adept Perl programmer).
Graham Barr's Net::POP3 module (actually, most of Graham's work falls in this category) is
a good example of a useful module.
So, with no more ado, here are some useful one-liners with Config::Crontab:
• uncomment all crontab events whose command contains the string 'fetchmail'
perl -MConfig::Crontab -e '$c=new Config::Crontab; $c->read; \
$_->active(1) for $c->select(-command_re => "fetchmail"); $c->write'
• remove the first crontab block that has '/bin/unwanted' as a command
perl -MConfig::Crontab -e '$c=new Config::Crontab; $c->read; \
$c->remove($c->block($c->select(-command_re => "/bin/unwanted"))); \
$c->write'
• reschedule the backups to run just Monday thru Friday:
perl -MConfig::Crontab -e '$c=new Config::Crontab; $c->read; \
$_->dow("1-5") for $c->select(-command_re => "/sbin/backup"); $c->write'
• reschedule the backups to run weekends too:
perl -MConfig::Crontab -e '$c=new Config::Crontab; $c->read; \
$_->dow("*") for $c->select(-command_re => "/sbin/backup"); $c->write'
• change all 'MAILTO' environment settings in this crontab to 'joe@schmoe.org':
perl -MConfig::Crontab -e '$c=new Config::Crontab; $c->read; \
$_->value(q!joe@schmoe.org!) for $c->select(-name => "MAILTO"); $c->write'
• strip all comments from a crontab:
perl -MConfig::Crontab -e '$c=new Config::Crontab; $c->read; \
$c->remove($c->select(-type => "comment")); $c->write'
• disable an entire block of commands (the block that has the word 'Friday' in it):
perl -MConfig::Crontab -e '$c=new Config::Crontab; $c->read; \
$c->block($c->select(-data_re => "Friday"))->active(0); $c->write'
• copy one user's crontab to another user:
perl -MConfig::Crontab -e '$c = new Config::Crontab(-owner => "joe"); \
$c->read; $c->owner("mike"); $c->write'
PACKAGE Config::Crontab
This section describes Config::Crontab objects (hereafter simply Crontab objects). A
Crontab object is an abstracted way of dealing with an entire crontab(5) file. The Crontab
class has methods to allow you to select, add, or remove Block objects as well as read and
parse crontab files and write crontab files.
init([%args])
This method is called implicitly when you instantiate an object via new. init takes the
same arguments as new and read. If the -file argument is specified (and is non-false),
init will invoke read automatically with the -file value. Use init to re-initialize an
object.
Example:
## auto-parses foo.txt in implicit call to init
$ct = new Config::Crontab( -file => 'foo.txt' );
## re-initialize the object with default values and a new file
$ct->init( -file => 'bar.txt' );
strict([boolean])
strict enforces the following constraints:
• if the file specified by the file method (or -file attribute in new) does not exist at
the time read is invoked, read sets error and dies: "Could not open (filename):
(reason)". If strict is disabled, read returns undef (error is set).
• If the file specified by the file method (or -file attribute in new) cannot be written
to, or the "crontab" command fails, write sets error and warns: "Could not open
(filename): (reason)". If strict is disabled, write returns undef (error is set).
• Croaks if an illegal username is specified in the -owner parameter.
Examples:
## disable strict (default)
$ct->strict(0);
system([boolean])
system tells config::crontab to assume that the crontab object is after the pattern
described in crontab(5) with an extra user field before the command field:
@reboot joeuser /usr/local/bin/fetchmail -d 300
where the given command will be executed by said user. when a crontab file (e.g.,
/etc/crontab) is parsed without system enabled, the user field will be lumped in with the
command. When enabled, the user field will be accessible in each event object via the user
method (see "user" in the event documentation below).
owner([string])
owner sets the owner of the crontab. If you're running Config::Crontab as a privileged
user (e.g., "root"), you can read and write user crontabs by specifying owner either in
the constructor, during init, or using owner before a read or write method is called:
$c = new Config::Crontab( -owner => 'joe' );
$c->read; ## reading joe's crontab
Or another way:
$c = new Config::Crontab;
$c->owner('joe');
$c->read; ## reading joe's crontab
You can use this to copy a crontab from one user to another:
$c->owner('joe');
$c->read;
$c->owner('bob');
$c->write;
owner_re([regex])
Config::Crontab is strict in what it will allow for a username, since this information
internally is passed to a shell. If the username specified is not a user on the system,
Config::Crontab will set error with "Illegal username" and return undef; if strict mode is
enabled, Config::Crontab will croak with the same error.
Further, once the username is determined valid, the username is then checked against a
regular expression to thwart null string attacks and other maliciousness. The default
regular expression used to check for a safe username is:
/[^a-zA-Z0-9\._-]/
If the pattern matches (i.e., if any characters other than the ones above are found in the
supplied username), Config::Crontab will set error with "Illegal username" and return
undef. If strict mode is enabled, Config::Crontab will croak with the same error.
$c->owner_re('[^a-zA-Z0-9_\.-#]'); ## allow # in usernames
read([%args])
Parses the crontab file specified by file. If file is not set (or is false in some way),
the crontab will be read from a pipe to "crontab -l". read optionally takes the same
arguments as new and init in "key => value" style lists.
Until you read the crontab, the Crontab object will be uninitialized and will contain no
data. You may re-read existing objects to get new crontab data, but the object will retain
whatever other attributes (e.g., strict, etc.) it may have from when it was initialized
(or later attributes were changed) but will reset error. Use init to completely refresh an
object.
If read fails, error will be set.
Examples:
## reads the crontab for this UID (via crontab -l)
$ct = new Config::Crontab;
$ct->read;
## reads the crontab from a file
$ct = new Config::Crontab;
$ct->read( -file => '/var/cronbackups/cron1' );
## same thing as above
$ct = new Config::Crontab( -file => '/var/cronbackups/cron1' );
$ct->read; ## '-file' attribute already set
## ditto using 'file' method
$ct = new Config::Crontab;
$ct->file('/var/cronbackups/cron1');
$ct->read;
## ditto, using a pipe
$ct = new Config::Crontab;
$ct->file('cat /var/cronbackups/cron1|');
$ct->read;
## ditto, using 'read' method
$ct = new Config::Crontab;
$ct->read( -file => 'cat /var/cronbackups/cron1|');
## now fortified with error-checking
$ct->read
or do {
warn $ct->error;
return;
};
mode([mode])
Returns the current parsing mode for this object instance. If a mode is passed as an
argument, next time this instance parses a crontab file, it will use this new mode. Valid
modes are line, block (the default), or file.
Example:
## re-read this crontab in 'file' mode
$ct->mode('file');
$ct->read;
blocks([\@blocks])
Returns a list of Block objects in this crontab. The blocks method also takes an optional
list reference as an argument to set this crontab's block list.
Example:
## get blocks, remove comments and dump
for my $block ( $ct->blocks ) {
$block->remove($block->select( -type => 'comment' ) );
$block->remove($block->select( -type => 'event',
-active => 0 );
print $block->dump;
}
## one way to remove unwanted blocks from a crontab
my @keepers = $ct->select( -type => 'comment',
-data_re => 'keep this block' );
$ct->blocks(\@keepers);
## another way to do it (notice 'nre' instead of 're')
$ct->remove($ct->select( -type => 'comment',
-data_nre => 'keep this block' ));
select([%criteria])
Returns a list of crontab lines that match the specified criteria. Multiple criteria may
be specified. If no criteria are specified, select returns a list of all lines in the
Crontab object.
Field names should be preceded by a hyphen (though without a hyphen is acceptable too).
The following criteria and associated values are available:
• -type
One of 'event', 'env', or 'comment'
• -<field>
The object in the block will be matched using 'eq' (string comparison) against this
criterion.
• -<field>_re
The value of the object method specified will be matched using Perl regular
expressions (see perlre) instead of string comparisons (uses the "=~" operator
internally).
• -<field>_nre
The value of the object method specified will be negatively matched using Perl regular
expressions (see perlre) instead of string comparisons (uses the "!~" operator
internally).
Examples:
## returns a list of comments in the crontab that matches the
## exact phrase '## I like bread'
@comments = $ct->select( -type => 'comment',
-data => '## I like bread' );
## returns a list of comments in the crontab that match the
## regular expression 'I like bread'
@comments = $ct->select( -type => 'comment',
-data_re => 'I like bread' );
## select all cron jobs likely to repeat during daylight saving
@events = $ct->select( -type => 'event',
-hour => '2' );
## select cron jobs that happen from 10:20 to 10:40 on Fridays
@events = $ct->select( -type => 'event',
-hour => '10',
-minute_re => '^(?:[2-3][0-9]|40)$',
-dow_re => '(?:5|Fri)' );
## select all cron jobs that execute during business hours
@events = $ct->select( -type => 'event',
-hour_re => '^(?:[8-9]|1[0-6])$' );
## select all cron jobs that don't execute during business hours
@events = $ct->select( -type => 'event',
-hour_nre => '^(?:[8-9]|1[0-6])$' );
## get all event lines in the crontab
@events = $ct->select( -type => 'event' );
## get all lines in the crontab
@lines => $ct->select;
## get a line: note list context, also, no 'type' specified
($line) = $ct->select( -data_re => 'start backups' );
select_blocks([%criteria])
Returns a list of crontab Block objects that match the specified criteria. If no criteria
are specified, select_blocks behaves just like the blocks method, returning all blocks in
the crontab object.
The following criteria keys are available:
• -index
An integer or list reference of integers. Returns a list of blocks indexed by the
given integer(s).
Example:
## select the first block in the file
@blocks = $ct->select_blocks( -index => 1 );
## select blocks 1, 5, 6, and 7
@blocks = $ct->select_blocks( -index => [1, 5, 6, 7] );
select_blocks returns Block objects, which means that if you need to access data elements
inside the blocks, you'll need to retrieve them using lines or select method first:
## the first block in the crontab file is an environment variable
## declaration: NAME=value
@blocks = $ct->select_blocks( -index => 1 );
print "This environment variable value is " . ($block[0]->lines)[0]->value . "\n";
block($line)
Returns the block that this line belongs to. If the line is not found in any blocks, undef
is returned. $line must be a Config::Crontab::Event, Config::Crontab::Env, or
Config::Crontab::Comment object.
Examples:
## will always return undef for new objects; you'd never really do this
$block = $ct->block( new Config::Crontab::Comment(-data => '## foo') );
## returns a Block object
$block = $ct->block($existing_crontab_line);
$block->dump;
## find and remove the block in which '/bin/baz' is executed
my $event = $ct->select( -type => 'event',
-command_re => '/bin/baz');
$block = $ct->block($event);
$ct->remove($block);
remove($block)
Removes a block from the crontab file (if a block is specified) or a crontab line from its
block (if a crontab line object is specified).
Example:
## remove this block from the crontab
$ct->remove($block);
## remove just a line from its block
$ct->remove($line);
replace($oldblock, $newblock)
Replaces $oldblock with $newblock. Returns $oldblock if successful, undef otherwise.
Example:
## look for the block containing 'oldtuesday' and replace it with our new block
$newblock = new Config::Crontab::Block( -data => '5 10 * * Tue /bin/tuesday' );
my $oldblock = $ct->block($ct->select(-data_re => 'oldtuesday'));
$ct->replace($oldblock, $newblock);
up($block), down($block)
These methods move a single Config::Crontab::Block object up or down in the Crontab
object's internal array. If the Block object is not already a member of this array, it
will be added to the array in the first position (for up) and in the last position (for
down. See also first and last and up and down in the Block class.
Example:
$ct->up($block); ## move this block up one position
first(@block), last(@block)
These methods move the Config::Crontab::Block object(s) to the first or last positions in
the Crontab object's internal array. If the block is not already a member of the array, it
will be added in the first or last position respectively.
Example:
$ct->last(new Config::Crontab::Block( -data => <<_BLOCK_ ));
## eat ice cream
5 * * * 1-5 /bin/eat --cream=ice
_BLOCK_
before($look_for, @blocks), after($look_for, @blocks)
These methods move the Config::Crontab::Block object(s) to the position immediately before
or after the $look_for (or reference) block in the Crontab object's internal array.
If the objects are not members of the array, they will be added before or after the
reference block respectively. If the reference object does not exist in the array, the
blocks will be moved (or added) to the beginning or end of the array respectively (like
first and last).
Example:
## search for a block containing a particular event (line)
$block = $ct->block($ct->select(-command_re => '/bin/foo'));
## add the new blocks immediately after this block
$ct->after($block, @new_blocks);
write([$filename])
Writes the crontab to the file specified by the file method. If file is not set (or is
false), write will attempt to write to a temporary file and load it via the "crontab"
program (e.g., "crontab filename").
You may specify an optional filename as an argument to set file, which will then be used
as the filename.
If write fails, error will be set.
Example:
## write out crontab
$ct->write
or do {
warn "Error: " . $ct->error . "\n";
return;
};
## set 'file' and write simultaneously (future calls to read and
## write will use this filename)
$ct->write('/var/mycronbackups/cron1.txt');
## same thing
$ct->file('/var/mycronbackups/cron1.txt');
$ct->write;
remove_tab([file])
Removes a crontab. If file is set, that file will be unlinked. If file is not set (or is
false), remove_tab will attempt to remove the selected user's crontab via crontab -u
username -r or crontab -r for the current user id.
If remove_tab fails, error will be set.
Example:
$ct->remove_tab(''); ## unset file() and remove the current user's crontab
error([string])
Returns the last error encountered (usually during a file I/O operation). Pass an empty
string to reset (calling init will also reset it).
Example:
print "The last error was: " . $ct->error . "\n";
$ct->error('');
dump
Returns a string containing the crontab file.
Example:
## show crontab
print $ct->dump;
## same as 'crontab -l' except pretty-printed
$ct = new Config::Crontab; $ct->read; print $ct->dump;
PACKAGE Config::Crontab::Block
This section describes Config::Crontab::Block objects (hereafter referred to as Block
objects). A Block object is an abstracted way of dealing with groups of crontab(5) lines.
Depending on how Config::Crontab parsed the file (see the read and mode methods in
Config::Crontab above), a block may consist of:
a single line (e.g., a crontab event, environment setting, or comment)
a "paragraph" of lines (a group of lines, each group separated by at least two newlines).
This is the default parsing mode.
the entire crontab file
The default for Config::Crontab is to read in block (paragraph) mode. This allows you to
group lines that have a similar purpose as well as order lines within a block (e.g., often
you want an environment setting to take effect before certain cron commands execute).
An illustration may be helpful:
a crontab file read in block (paragraph) mode:
Line Block Block Line Entry
1 1 1 ## grind disks
2 1 2 5 5 * * * /bin/grind
3 1 3
4 2 1 ## backup reminder to joe
5 2 2 MAILTO=joe
6 2 3 5 0 * * Fri /bin/backup
7 2 4
8 3 1 ## meeting reminder to bob
9 3 2 MAILTO=bob
10 3 3 30 9 * * Wed /bin/meeting
Notice that each block has its own internal line numbering. Vertical space has been
inserted between blocks to clarify block structures. Block mode parsing is the
default.
a crontab file read in line mode:
Line Block Block Line Entry
1 1 1 ## grind disks
2 2 1 5 5 * * * /bin/grind
3 3 1
4 4 1 ## backup reminder to joe
5 5 1 MAILTO=joe
6 6 1 5 0 * * Fri /bin/backup
7 7 1
8 8 1 ## meeting reminder to bob
9 9 1 MAILTO=bob
10 10 1 30 9 * * Wed /bin/meeting
Notice that each line is also a block. You normally don't want to read in line mode
unless you don't have paragraph breaks in your crontab file (the dumper prints a
newline between each block; with each line being a block you get an extra newline
between each line).
a crontab file read in file mode:
Line Block Block Line Entry
1 1 1 ## grind disks
2 1 2 5 5 * * * /bin/grind
3 1 3
4 1 4 ## backup reminder to joe
5 1 5 MAILTO=joe
6 1 6 5 0 * * Fri /bin/backup
7 1 7
8 1 8 ## meeting reminder to bob
9 1 9 MAILTO=bob
10 1 10 30 9 * * Wed /bin/meeting
Notice that there is only one block in file mode, and each line is a block line (but
not a separate block).
METHODS
This section describes methods accessible from Block objects.
new([%args])
Creates a new Block object. You may create Block objects in any of the following ways:
Empty
$event = new Config::Crontab::Block;
Fully Populated
$event = new Config::Crontab::Block( -data => <<_BLOCK_ );
## a comment
5 19 * * Mon /bin/fhe --turn=dad
_BLOCK_
Constructor attributes available in the new method take the same arguments as their method
counterparts (described below), except that the names of the attributes must have a hyphen
('-') prepended to the attribute name (e.g., 'lines' becomes '-lines'). The following is a
list of attributes available to the new method:
data
lines
If the -data attribute is present in the constructor when other attributes are also
present, the -data attribute will override all other attributes.
Each of these attributes corresponds directly to its similarly-named method.
Examples:
## create an empty block object & populate it with the data method
$block = new Config::Crontab::Block;
$block->data( <<_BLOCK_ ); ## via a 'here' document
## 2:05a Friday backup
MAILTO=sysadmin@mydomain.ext
5 2 * * Fri /sbin/backup /dev/da0s1f
_BLOCK_
## create a block in the constructor (also via 'here' document)
$block = new Config::Crontab::Block( -data => <<_BLOCK_ );
## 2:05a Friday backup
MAILTO=sysadmin@mydomain.ext
5 2 * * Fri /sbin/backup /dev/da0s1f
_BLOCK_
## create an array of crontab objects
my @lines = ( new Config::Crontab::Comment(-data => '## run bar'),
new Config::Crontab::Event(-data => '5 8 * * * /foo/bar') );
## create a block object via lines attribute
$block = new Config::Crontab::Block( -lines => \@lines );
## ...or with lines method
$block->lines(\@lines); ## @lines is an array of crontab objects
If bogus data is passed to the constructor, it will return undef instead of an object
reference. If there is a possiblility of poorly formatted data going into the constructor,
you should check the object variable for definedness before using it.
If the -data attribute is present in the constructor when other attributes are also
present, the -data attribute will override all other attributes.
data([string])
Get or set a raw block. Internally, Block passes its arguments to other objects for
parsing when a parameter is present.
Example:
## re-initialize this block
$block->data("## comment\n5 * * * * /bin/checkup");
print $block->data;
Block data is terminated with a final newline.
lines([\@objects])
Get block data as a list of Config::Crontab::* objects. Set block data using a list
reference.
Example:
$block->lines( [ new Config::Crontab::Comment( -data => "## run backup" ),
new Config::Crontab::Event( -data => "5 4 * * 1-5 /sbin/backup" ) ] );
## sorta like $block->dump
for my $obj ( $block->lines ) {
print $obj->dump . "\n";
}
## a clumsy way to "unshift" a new event
$block->lines( [new Config::Crontab::Comment(-data => '## hi mom!'),
$block->lines] );
## the right way to add a new event
$block->first( new Config::Crontab::Comment(-data => '## hi mom!') );
print $_->dump for $block->lines;
select([%criteria])
Returns a list of Event, Env, or Comment objects from a block that match the specified
criteria. Multiple criteria may be specified.
Field names should be preceded by a hyphen (though without a hyphen is acceptable too; we
use hyphens to avoid the need for quoting keys and avoid potential bareword collisions).
If not criteria are specified, select returns a list of all lines in the block (like
lines).
Example:
## select all events
for my $event ( $block->select( -type => 'event') ) {
print $event->dump . "\n";
}
## select events that have the word 'foo' in the command
for my $event ( $block->select( -type => 'event', -command_re => 'foo') ) {
print $event->dump . "\n";
}
remove(@objects)
Remove Config::Crontab::* objects from this block.
Example:
## simple case: you need to get a handle on these objects first
$block->remove( $obj1, $obj2, $obj3 );
## more complex: remove an event from a block by searching
for my $event ( $block->select( -type => 'event') ) {
next unless $event->command =~ /\bbackup\b/; ## look for backup command
$block->remove($event); last; ## and remove it
}
replace($oldobj, $newobj)
Replaces $oldobj with $newobj within a block. Returns $oldobj if successful, undef
otherwise.
Example:
## replace $event1 with $event2 in this block.
## '=>' is the same as a comma (,)
($event1) = $block->select(-type => 'event', -command => '/bin/foo');
$event2 = new Config::Crontab::Event( -data => '5 2 * * * /bin/bar' );
ok( $block->replace($event1 => $event2) );
up($target_obj), down($target_obj)
These methods move the Config::Crontab::* object up or down within the block.
If the object is not a member of the block, it will be added to the block in the first
position for up and it will be added to the block in the last position for down.
Examples:
$block->up($event); ## move event up one position in the block
## add a new event at the end of the block
$block->down(new Config::Crontab::Event(-data => '5 2 * * Mon /bin/monday'));
first(@target_obj), last(@target_obj)
These methods move the Config::Crontab::* object(s) to the first or last positions in the
block.
If the object or objects are not members of the block, they will be added to the first or
last part of the block respectively.
Examples:
$block->first($comment); ## move $comment to the first line in this block
## add these new events to the end of the block
$block->last( new Config::Crontab::Comment(-data => '## hi mom!'),
new Config::Crontab::Comment(-data => '## hi dad!'), );
before($look_for, @obj), after($look_for, @obj)
These methods move the Config::Crontab::* object(s) to the position immediately before or
after the $look_for (or reference) object in the block.
If the objects are not members of the block, they will be added to the block before or
after the reference object. If the reference object does not exist in the block, the
objects will be moved (or added) to the beginning or end of the block respectively (much
the same as first and last).
## simple example
$block->after($event, $comment); ## move $comment after $event in this block
active(boolean)
Activates or deactivates an entire block. If no arguments are given, active returns true
but does nothing, otherwise the boolean used to activate or deactivate the block is
returned.
If you have a series of related crontab lines you wish to comment out (or uncomment), you
can use this handy shortcut to do it. You cannot deactivate Comment objects (i.e., they
will always be comments).
Example:
$block->active(0); ## deactivate this block
nolog(boolean)
This is (currently) a SuSE-specific extension. From crontab(5):
If the uid of the owner is 0 (root), he can put a "-" as first
character of a crontab entry. This will prevent cron from writing a
syslog message about this command getting executed.
nolog enables adds or removes this hyphen for a given cron event line (regardless of
whether the user is root or not).
Example:
$block->nolog(1); ## quiet all entries in this block
flag(string)
Flags a block or an object inside a block with the specified data. The data you specify is
completely up to you. This can be handy if you need to operate on many objects at once and
don't want to risk pulling the rug out from under some (i.e., deleting numbered elements
from a list changes the numbering of subsequent objects in the list, which is probably not
what you want).
All normal query operations apply to -flag attributes (e.g., -flag_re, -flag_nre, etc).
Example:
## delete every other event in this block
my $count = 0;
for my $event ( $block->select( -type => 'event' ) ) {
$event->flag('deleteme!')
if $count % 2 == 0;
$count++;
}
## delete all blocks marked as 'deleteme!'
$block->remove( $block->select( -flag => 'deleteme!' ) );
dump
Returns a formatted string of the Block object (recursively calling all its objects' dump
methods). A Block dump is newline terminated.
Example:
print $block->dump;
PACKAGE Config::Crontab::Event
This section describes Config::Crontab::Event objects (hereafter Event objects). A Event
object is an abstracted way of dealing with crontab(5) lines that look like any of the
following (see crontab(5)):
5 0 * 3,6,9,12 * /bin/quarterly_report
0 2 * * Fri $HOME/bin/cake_reminder
@daily /bin/bar arg1 arg2
#30 10 12 * * /bin/commented out
5 4 * * * joeuser /bin/winkerbean
Event objects are lines in the crontab file which trigger an event at a certain time (or
set of times). This includes events that have been commented out. In Event object terms,
an event that has been commented out is inactive. Events that have not been commented out
are active.
Terminology
The following description will serve as a terminology guide for this class:
Given the following crontab event entry:
5 3 * Apr Sun /bin/rejoice
we define the following parts of the Event object:
5 3 * Apr Sun /bin/rejoice
------------- ------------
datetime command
We can break down the datetime field into the following parts:
5 3 * Apr Sun
------ ---- --- ----- ---
minute hour dom month dow
We might also see an event with a "special" datetime part:
@daily /bin/brush --teeth --feet
-------- -------------------------
datetime command
This special datetime field can also be called 'special':
@daily /bin/brush --teeth --feet
------- -------------------------
special command
As of version 1.05, Crontab supports system crontabs, which adds an extra user field:
5 3 * Apr Sun chris /bin/rejoice
------------- ----- ------------
datetime user command
This field is described in crontab(5) on most systems.
These and other methods for accessing and manipulating Event objects are described in
subsequent sections.
METHODS
This section describes methods available to manipulate Event objects' creation and
attributes.
new([%args])
Creates a new Event object. You may create Event objects in any of the following ways:
Empty
$event = new Config::Crontab::Event;
Partially Populated
$event = new Config::Crontab::Event( -minute => 0 );
Fully Populated
$event = new Config::Crontab::Event( -minute => 5,
-hour => 2,
-command => '/bin/document my_proggie', );
System Event
$event = new Config::Crontab::Event( -minute => 5,
-hour => 2,
-user => 'joeuser',
-command => '/bin/foo --bar=blech', );
System Event
$event = new Config::Crontab::Event( -data => '30 3 * * 5,6 joeuser /bin/blech',
-system => 1, );
Constructor attributes available in the new method take the same arguments as their method
counterparts (described below), except that the names of the attributes must have a hyphen
('-') prepended to the attribute name (e.g., 'month' becomes '-month'). The following is a
list of attributes available to the new method:
-minute
-hour
-dom
-month
-dow
-special
-data
-datetime
-user
-system
-command
-active
Each of these attributes corresponds directly to its similarly-named method.
Examples:
## use datetime attribute; using a 'special' string in -datetime is
## ok, but the reverse is not true (using a standard datetime string
## in -special)
$event = new Config::Crontab::Event( -datetime => '@hourly',
-command => '/bin/bar' );
## use special attribute
$event = new Config::Crontab::Event( -special => '@hourly',
-command => '/bin/bar' );
## use datetime attribute
$event = new Config::Crontab::Event( -datetime => '5 * * * Fri',
-command => '/bin/bar' );
## this is an error because '5 * * * Fri' is not one of the special
## datetime strings. Currently this does not throw an error, but
## behavior is undefined for an object initialized thusly
$event = new Config::Crontab::Event( -special => '5 * * * Fri',
-command => '/bin/bar' );
## create an inactive Event; default for datetime fields is '*'
## the result is the line: "#0 2 * * * /bin/foo" (notice '#')
$event = new Config::Crontab::Event( -active => 0,
-minute => 0,
-hour => 2, ## 2 am
-command => '/bin/foo' );
...time passes...
$event->active(1); ## now activate that event
## let the object do all the hard parsing
$event = new Config::Crontab::Event( -data => '30 3 * * 5,6 /bin/blech' );
...time passes...
$event->hour(4); ## change the event from 3:30a to 4:30a
If bogus data is passed to the constructor, it will return undef instead of an object
reference. If there is a possiblility of poorly formatted data going into the constructor,
you should check the object variable for definedness before using it.
A note about the datetime fields
Event objects have several ways of setting the datetime fields:
## via the special method
$event->special('@daily');
## via datetime
$event->datetime('@daily');
## via datetime
$event->datetime('0 0 * * *');
## via datetime fields
$event->minute(0);
$event->hour(0);
## via data (takes the command part also)
$event->data('0 0 * * * /bin/foo');
## via the constructor at object instantiation time
$event = new Config::Crontab::Event( -special => '@reboot' );
The standard datetime fields are: minute, hour, dom, month, and dow. If you set datetime
using a special field, or if you initialize an Event object using a special datetime
field, the standard datetime fields are reset to '*' and are invalid.
The special datetime field is a single field that takes the place of the 5 standard
datetime fields (see crontab(5) and "special"). Currently, if you set special via the
special method, the standard datetime fields (e.g., minute, hour, etc.) are not reset; the
standard datetime fields are reset to '*' if you set special via the datetime method.
See other important information in the datetime and special method descriptions below.
If the -data attribute is present in the constructor when other attributes are also
present, the -data attribute will override all other attributes.
minute([digits])
Get or set the minute attribute of the Event object.
Example:
$event->minute(30);
print "This event will occur at " . $event->minute . " minutes past the hour\n";
$event->minute(40);
print "Now it will occur 10 minutes later\n";
Note from crontab(5):
Ranges of numbers are allowed. Ranges are two numbers separated with a
hyphen. The specified range is inclusive. For example, 8-11 for an
``hours'' entry specifies execution at hours 8, 9, 10 and 11.
Lists are allowed. A list is a set of numbers (or ranges) separated by
commas. Examples: ``1,2,5,9'', ``0-4,8-12''.
Step values can be used in conjunction with ranges. Following a range
with ``/<number>'' specifies skips of the number's value through the
range. For example, ``0-23/2'' can be used in the hours field to specify
command execution every other hour (the alternative in the V7 standard is
``0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22''). Steps are also permitted after an
asterisk, so if you want to say ``every two hours'', just use ``*/2''.
hour([digits])
Get or set the hour attribute of the Event object.
Example: analogous to minute
Note from crontab(5): see /"minute".
dom([digits])
Get or set the day-of-month attribute of the Event object.
Example: analogous to minute
Note from crontab(5):
Note: The day of a command's execution can be specified by two fields --
day of month, and day of week. If both fields are restricted (ie, aren't
*), the command will be run when either field matches the current time.
For example,
``30 4 1,15 * 5'' would cause a command to be run at 4:30 am on the 1st
and 15th of each month, plus every Friday.
month([string])
Get or set the month. This may be a digit (1-12) or a three character English abbreviated
month string (Jan, Feb, etc.).
Note from crontab(5):
Names can also be used for the ``month'' and ``day of week'' fields. Use
the first three letters of the particular day or month (case doesn't mat-
ter). Ranges or lists of names are not allowed.
dow([string])
Get or set the day of week.
Example: analogous to minute
Note from crontab(5): see the /"month" entry above.
special([string])
Get or set the special datetime field.
The special datetime field is one of (from crontab(5)):
string meaning
------ -------
@reboot Run once, at startup.
@yearly Run once a year, "0 0 1 1 *".
@annually (sames as @yearly)
@monthly Run once a month, "0 0 1 * *".
@weekly Run once a week, "0 0 * * 0".
@daily Run once a day, "0 0 * * *".
@midnight (same as @daily)
@hourly Run once an hour, "0 * * * *".
If you set a datetime via special, this will override anything in the other standard
datetime fields.
While you may use a special datetime string as an argument to the datetime method, you may
not use a standard datetime string in the special method. Currently there is no error
checking on this field, but behavior is undefined.
The datetime method will return the special value in preference to any other standard
datetime fields. That is, if special has a value (e.g., '@reboot', etc.) it will be
returned in all methods that return aggregate event data (e.g., datetime, dump, data,
etc.). If special is false, the standard datetime fields will be returned instead. Thus,
you should always check the value of special before using any of the standard datetime
fields:
if( $event->special ) {
print $event->special . "\n";
}
## use standard datetime elements
else {
print $event->minute . " " . $event->hour ...
}
If you're presenting the entire datetime field formatted, use the datetime method (and
then you don't have to do any checks on special):
## will print the special datetime value if set,
## standard datetime fields otherwise
print $event->datetime . "\n";
data([string])
Get or set the raw event line.
Internally, this is how the main Config::Crontab class does its parsing: it iterates over
the crontab file and hands each line off to the data method for further parsing.
Example:
$event->data("#0 2 * * * /bin/foo");
## prints "inactive (/bin/foo): 0 2 * * *";
print ( $event->active ? '' : 'in' ) . 'active '
. '(' . $event->command . '): "
. $event->datetime;
datetime([string])
Get or set the datetime fields of an event.
Possible datetime fields are either a special datetime format (e.g., @daily, @weekly, etc)
or a standard datetime format (e.g., "0 2 * * Mon" is standard).
datetime is often a convenient shortcut for parsing a datetime field if you're not
precisely sure what's in it (but are sure that it's either a special datetime field or a
standard datetime field):
$event->datetime($some_string);
While you may pass a special datetime field into datetime, you may not pass a standard
field into the special method. Currently, the object will not complain, and may even work
in most cases, but the behavior is undefined and will likely become more strict in the
future.
user([string])
Get or set the user part of a system event object.
Example:
$event->user('joeuser');
The user field is only accessible when the crontab object was created or parsed with
system mode enabled (see "system" above).
system([boolean])
When set, will parse a -data string looking for a username before the command as described
in crontab(5).
Example:
$event->system(1);
$event->data('0 2 * * * joeuser /bin/foo --args');
This will set the user as 'joeuser' and the command as '/bin/foo --args'. Notice that if
you pass bad data, the Event parser really can't help since the user (including
'/<login-class>') syntax is now supported as of version 1.05:
$event = new Config::Crontab::Event( -data => '2 5 * * * /bin/foo --args',
-system => 1 );
The Event object will have '/bin/foo' as its user and '--args' as its command. While
things will usually work out when you write to file, you definitely won't get what you're
expecting if you grok the command field.
command([string])
Get or set the command part of a Event object.
Example:
$event->command('/bin/foo with args here');
active([boolean])
Get or set whether the Event object is active. In practical terms, this simply inserts a
pound sign before the datetime fields when accessing the dump method. It is only used
implicitly in dump, but may be accessed separately whenever convenient.
print ( $event->active ? '' : '#' ) . $event->data . "\n";
is the same as:
print $event->dump . "\n";
dump
Returns a formatted string of the Event object. This method is called implicitly when
flushing to disk in Config::Crontab. It is not newline terminated.
Example:
print $event->dump . "\n";
PACKAGE Config::Crontab::Env
This section describes Config::Crontab::Env objects (hereafter Env objects). A Env object
is an abstracted way of dealing with crontab lines that look like any of the following
(see crontab(5)):
name = value
From crontab(5):
the spaces around the equal-sign (=) are optional, and any
subsequent non-leading spaces in value will be part of the value
assigned to name. The value string may be placed in quotes
(single or double, but matching) to preserve leading or trailing
blanks. The name string may also be placed in quote (single or
double, but matching) to preserve leading, traling or inner
blanks.
Like Event objects, Env objects may be active or inactive, the difference being an
inactive Env object is commented out:
#FOO=bar
Terminology
Given the following crontab environment line:
MAILTO=joe
we define the following parts of the Env object:
MAILTO = joe
====== ============ =====
name (not stored) value
These and other methods for accessing and manipulating Event objects are described in
subsequent sections.
METHODS
new([%args])
Creates a new Env object. You may create Env objects any of the following ways:
Empty
$env = new Config::Crontab::Env;
Partially Populated
$env = new Config::Crontab::Env( -value => 'joe' );
Fully Populated
$env = new Config::Crontab::Env( -name => 'FOO',
-value => 'blech' );
Constructor attributes available in the new method take the same arguments as their method
counterparts (described below), except that the names of the attributes must have a hyphen
('-') prepended to the attribute name (e.g., 'value' becomes '-value'). The following is a
list of attributes available to the new method:
-name
-value
-data
-active
Each of these attributes corresponds directly to its similarly-named method.
Examples:
## use name and value
$env = new Config::Crontab::Env( -name => 'MAILTO',
-value => 'joe@schmoe.org' );
## parse a whole string
$env = new Config::Crontab::Env( -data => 'MAILTO=joe@schmoe.org' );
## use name and value to create an inactive object
$env = new Config::Crontab::Env( -active => 0,
-name => 'MAILTO',
-value => 'mike', );
$env->active(1); ## now activate it
## create an object that will unset the environment variable
$env = new Config::Crontab::Env( -name => 'MAILTO' );
## another way
$env = new Config::Crontab::Env( -data => 'MAILTO=' );
## yet another way
$env = new Config::Crontab::Env;
$env->name('MAILTO');
If bogus data is passed to the constructor, it will return undef instead of an object
reference. If there is a possiblility of poorly formatted data going into the constructor,
you should check the object variable for definedness before using it.
If the -data attribute is present in the constructor when other attributes are also
present, the -data attribute will override all other attributes.
name([string])
Get or set the object name.
Example:
$env->name('MAILTO');
value([string])
Get or set the value associated with the name attribute.
Example:
$env->value('tom@tomorrow.org');
print "The value for " . $env->name . " is " . $env->value . "\n";
data([string])
Get or set a raw environment line.
Example:
$env->data('MAILTO=foo@bar.org');
print "This object says: " . $env->data . "\n";
active([boolean])
Get or set whether the Env object is active. In practical terms, this simply inserts a
pound sign before the name field when accessing the dump method. It may be used whenever
convenient.
print $env->dump . "\n";
is the same as:
print ( $env->active ? '' : '#' ) . $env->data . "\n";
dump
Returns a formatted string of the Env object. This method is called implicitly when
flushing to disk in Config::Crontab. It is not newline terminated.
print $env->dump . "\n";
PACKAGE Config::Crontab::Comment
This section describes Config::Crontab::Comment objects (hereafter Comment objects). A
Comment object is an abstracted way of dealing with crontab comments and whitespace (blank
lines or lines that consist only of whitespace).
METHODS
new([%args])
Creates a new Comment object. You may create Comment objects in any of the following ways:
Empty
$comment = new Config::Crontab::Comment;
Populated
$comment = new Config::Crontab::Comment( -data => '# this is a comment' );
and an alternative:
$comment = new Config::Crontab::Comment( '# this is a constructor shortcut' );
Constructor attributes available in the new method take the same arguments as their method
counterparts (described below), except that the names of the attributes must have a hyphen
('-') prepended to the attribute name (e.g., 'data' becomes '-data'). The following is a
list of attributes available to the new method:
-data
Each of these attributes corresponds directly to its similarly-named method.
Examples:
## using data
$comment = new Config::Crontab::Comment( -data => '## a nice comment' );
## using data method
$comment = new Config::Crontab::Comment;
$comment->data('## hi Mom!');
If bogus data is passed to the constructor, it will return undef instead of an object
reference. If there is a possiblility of poorly formatted data going into the constructor,
you should check the object variable for definedness before using it.
As a shortcut, you may omit the -data label and simply pass the comment itself:
$comment = new Config::Crontab::Comment('## this space for rent or lease');
data([string])
Get or set a comment.
Example:
$comment->data('## this is not the comment you are looking for');
dump
Returns a formatted string of the Comment object. This method is called implicitly when
flushing to disk in Config::Crontab. It is not newline terminated.
CAVEATS
• Thanks to alert reader "Kirk" (no lastname given), we learn that some versions of
Debian linux's "crontab -l" does not strip the internal crontab(1) comments (e.g., "DO
NOT EDIT THIS FILE" and subsequent meta-data) at the start of user crontabs.
This means that if you use Config::Crontab to edit a user's crontab file, those three
headers will be added to the Config::Crontab object, and written back out again, and
crontab(1) will add its own comments, effectively adding 3 comment lines each time you
edit the crontab.
You may use this little heuristic as a starting point for stripping those comments:
my $ct = new Config::Crontab;
$ct->read;
## make "crontab -l | crontab -" idempotent for Debian
for my $line ( grep { defined } ($ct->select(-type => 'comment'))[0..2] ) {
if( $line->data =~ qr(^# (?:DO NOT EDIT|[\(]\S+ installed|[\(]Cron version)) ) {
$ct->remove($line);
}
}
...
$ct->write;
• As of version 1.05, Config::Crontab supports the user field (with optional ':group'
and '/<login-class>') via the -system initialization parameter, system Event method,
or user Event method and Event initialization parameter.
• You will not get good results adding non-Block objects to a Crontab object directly:
$ct->last( new Config::Crontab::Event(-data => '1 2 3 4 5 /bin/friday') );
This doesn't do anything (and shouldn't). You should be adding Block objects to the
Crontab object instead:
$block->last(new Config::Crontab::Event(-data => '1 2 3 4 5 /bin/friday'));
$ct->last($block);
or the slightly more economical:
$ct->last( new Config::Crontab::Block(-data => '1 2 3 4 5 /bin/friday') );
This is nice since the Block constructor parses its -data parameter as raw data and
creates all the necessary objects to populate itself. The downside of this last
approach is that you don't get a handle to your block if you need to make later
changes. It can be easily got, however, since we appended it to the end (using last)
of the Crontab object:
$block = ($ct->blocks)[-1];
TODO
• a better query language that would allow for boolean operators and more complexity
(SQL, maybe? I've seen that in one of Ken William's modules using Parse::RecDescent)
• would be cool to use some fancier datetime parsers that can guess when an event will
occur and allow that in our select methods. I've seen one of those on CPAN but didn't
look too closely. Maybe someone will use both if they need both.
• need copy constructors (and clone method)
• need to be more strict about strict (it should do more things, enable more regex
checks on data, etc.)
• some pretty-print options for dump
• alternative crontab syntax support (e.g. SysV-syntax used by Solaris doesn't support
weekday 7 or 3-letter month and day name abbreviations)
Config::Crontab will support SysV-syntax since it is a proper subset of Vixie cron
syntax, but you will need to necessarily perform your own syntax checking and omit
elements unique to Vixie cron in your UI.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• Juan Jose Natera Abreu (naterajj@yahoo.com) for unsafe POSIX::tmpnam alert; now using
File::Temp.
SEE ALSO
cron(8), crontab(1), crontab(5)
AUTHOR
Scott Wiersdorf, <scott@perlcode.org>
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Copyright (C) 2007 by Scott Wiersdorf
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same
terms as Perl itself, either Perl version 5.8.6 or, at your option, any later version of
Perl 5 you may have available.