Provided by: libqdbm-dev_1.8.78-12build2_amd64 bug

NAME

       Curia - the extended API of QDBM

SYNOPSIS

       #include <depot.h>
       #include <curia.h>
       #include <stdlib.h>

       CURIA *cropen(const char *name, int omode, int bnum, int dnum);

       int crclose(CURIA *curia);

       int  crput(CURIA  *curia,  const  char  *kbuf,  int  ksiz, const char *vbuf, int vsiz, int
       dmode);

       int crout(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz);

       char *crget(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz, int start, int max, int *sp);

       int crgetwb(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz, int start, int max, char *vbuf);

       int crvsiz(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz);

       int criterinit(CURIA *curia);

       char *criternext(CURIA *curia, int *sp);

       int crsetalign(CURIA *curia, int align);

       int crsetfbpsiz(CURIA *curia, int size);

       int crsync(CURIA *curia);

       int croptimize(CURIA *curia, int bnum);

       char *crname(CURIA *curia);

       int crfsiz(CURIA *curia);

       double crfsizd(CURIA *curia);

       int crbnum(CURIA *curia);

       int crbusenum(CURIA *curia);

       int crrnum(CURIA *curia);

       int crwritable(CURIA *curia);

       int crfatalerror(CURIA *curia);

       int crinode(CURIA *curia);

       time_t crmtime(CURIA *curia);

       int crremove(const char *name);

       int crrepair(const char *name);

       int crexportdb(CURIA *curia, const char *name);

       int crimportdb(CURIA *curia, const char *name);

       char *crsnaffle(const char *name, const char *kbuf, int ksiz, int *sp);

       int crputlob(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz, const char  *vbuf,  int  vsiz,  int
       dmode);

       int croutlob(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz);

       char *crgetlob(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz, int start, int max, int *sp);

       int crgetlobfd(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz);

       int crvsizlob(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz);

       int crrnumlob(CURIA *curia);

DESCRIPTION

       Curia  is  the  extended API of QDBM.  It provides routines for managing multiple database
       files in a directory.  Restrictions of some file systems that the size  of  each  file  is
       limited  are  escaped by dividing a database file into two or more.  If the database files
       deploy on multiple devices, the scalability is improved.

       Although Depot creates a database with a file  name,  Curia  creates  a  database  with  a
       directory  name.   A  database file named as `depot' is placed in the specified directory.
       Although it keeps the attribute of the database, it does not  keep  the  entities  of  the
       records.   Besides, sub directories are created by the number of division of the database,
       named with 4 digits.  The database files are placed in the subdirectories.   The  entities
       of  the records are stored in the database file.  For example, in the case that a database
       directory  named  as  `casket'  and  the  number  of  division   is   3,   `casket/depot',
       `casket/0001/depot',  `casket/0002/depot'  and  `casket/0003/depot' are created.  No error
       occurs even if the namesake directory  exists  when  creating  a  database.   So,  if  sub
       directories exists and some devices are mounted on the sub directories, the database files
       deploy on the multiple devices.  It is possible  for  the  database  files  to  deploy  on
       multiple file servers using NFS and so on.

       Curia features managing large objects.  Although usual records are stored in some database
       files, records of large objects are stored in individual  files.   Because  the  files  of
       large objects are deployed in different directories named with the hash values, the access
       speed is part-way robust although it is slower than the speed of usual records.  Large and
       not  often  accessed  data should be secluded as large objects.  By doing this, the access
       speed of usual records is improved.  The directory hierarchies of large objects are placed
       in  the  directory named as `lob' in the sub directories of the database.  Because the key
       spaces of the usual records and the large objects are different, the operations  keep  out
       of each other.

       In  order  to  use  Curia,  you  should include `depot.h', `curia.h' and `stdlib.h' in the
       source files.  Usually, the following description will be near the beginning of  a  source
       file.

              #include <depot.h>
              #include <curia.h>
              #include <stdlib.h>

       A pointer to `CURIA' is used as a database handle.  It is like that some file I/O routines
       of `stdio.h' use a pointer to `FILE'.  A database  handle  is  opened  with  the  function
       `cropen'  and  closed  with `crclose'.  You should not refer directly to any member of the
       handle.  If a fatal error occurs in a database, any access method via  the  handle  except
       `crclose'  will  not  work  and return error status.  Although a process is allowed to use
       multiple database handles at the same time, handles of the same database directory  should
       not be used.

       Curia  also  assign  the  external  variable  `dpecode' with the error code.  The function
       `dperrmsg' is used in order to get the message of the error code.

       The function `cropen' is used in order to get a database handle.

       CURIA *cropen(const char *name, int omode, int bnum, int dnum);
              `name'  specifies  the  name  of  a  database  directory.   `omode'  specifies  the
              connection  mode:  `CR_OWRITER' as a writer, `CR_OREADER' as a reader.  If the mode
              is `CR_OWRITER', the following may be added by bitwise or: `CR_OCREAT', which means
              it  creates  a new database if not exist, `CR_OTRUNC', which means it creates a new
              database regardless if one exists.  Both of `CR_OREADER' and  `CR_OWRITER'  can  be
              added  to  by  bitwise  or:  `CR_ONOLCK', which means it opens a database directory
              without file locking, or `CR_OLCKNB', which  means  locking  is  performed  without
              blocking.   `CR_OCREAT' can be added to by bitwise or: `CR_OSPARSE', which means it
              creates database files as sparse files.  `bnum' specifies the number of elements of
              each  bucket array.  If it is not more than 0, the default value is specified.  The
              size of each bucket array is determined on creating, and can not be changed  except
              for  by optimization of the database.  Suggested size of each bucket array is about
              from 0.5 to 4 times of the number of all records to store.   `dnum'  specifies  the
              number of division of the database.  If it is not more than 0, the default value is
              specified.  The number of division can not be changed from the initial value.   The
              max  number  of division is 512.  The return value is the database handle or `NULL'
              if it is not successful.  While connecting  as  a  writer,  an  exclusive  lock  is
              invoked  to the database directory.  While connecting as a reader, a shared lock is
              invoked to the database directory.  The thread blocks until the lock  is  achieved.
              If `CR_ONOLCK' is used, the application is responsible for exclusion control.

       The function `crclose' is used in order to close a database handle.

       int crclose(CURIA *curia);
              `curia'  specifies  a  database  handle.   If successful, the return value is true,
              else, it is false.  Because the region of a closed handle is released,  it  becomes
              impossible  to  use  the handle.  Updating a database is assured to be written when
              the handle is closed.  If  a  writer  opens  a  database  but  does  not  close  it
              appropriately, the database will be broken.

       The function `crput' is used in order to store a record.

       int  crput(CURIA  *curia,  const  char  *kbuf,  int  ksiz, const char *vbuf, int vsiz, int
       dmode);
              `curia' specifies a database handle connected as a writer.   `kbuf'  specifies  the
              pointer  to  the  region  of a key.  `ksiz' specifies the size of the region of the
              key.  If it  is  negative,  the  size  is  assigned  with  `strlen(kbuf)'.   `vbuf'
              specifies  the  pointer to the region of a value.  `vsiz' specifies the size of the
              region of the value.  If it is negative, the size is assigned with  `strlen(vbuf)'.
              `dmode'  specifies  behavior  when  the  key  overlaps,  by  the  following values:
              `CR_DOVER',  which  means  the  specified  value  overwrites  the   existing   one,
              `CR_DKEEP',  which  means  the  existing  value is kept, `CR_DCAT', which means the
              specified value is concatenated at the end of the existing value.   If  successful,
              the return value is true, else, it is false.

       The function `crout' is used in order to delete a record.

       int crout(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz);
              `curia'  specifies  a  database handle connected as a writer.  `kbuf' specifies the
              pointer to the region of a key.  `ksiz' specifies the size of  the  region  of  the
              key.   If it is negative, the size is assigned with `strlen(kbuf)'.  If successful,
              the return value is true, else, it is false.  false  is  returned  when  no  record
              corresponds to the specified key.

       The function `crget' is used in order to retrieve a record.

       char *crget(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz, int start, int max, int *sp);
              `curia' specifies a database handle.  `kbuf' specifies the pointer to the region of
              a key.  `ksiz' specifies the size of the region of the key.  If it is negative, the
              size  is assigned with `strlen(kbuf)'.  `start' specifies the offset address of the
              beginning of the region of the value to be read.  `max' specifies the max  size  to
              be  read.   If  it  is negative, the size to read is unlimited.  `sp' specifies the
              pointer to a variable to which the size of  the  region  of  the  return  value  is
              assigned.  If it is `NULL', it is not used.  If successful, the return value is the
              pointer to the region of the value of the corresponding record, else, it is `NULL'.
              `NULL'  is  returned when no record corresponds to the specified key or the size of
              the value of the corresponding record is less than `start'.  Because an  additional
              zero  code  is  appended  at  the end of the region of the return value, the return
              value can be treated as a character string.  Because the region of the return value
              is  allocated with the `malloc' call, it should be released with the `free' call if
              it is no longer in use.

       The function `crgetwb' is used in order to retrieve a record and write the  value  into  a
       buffer.

       int crgetwb(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz, int start, int max, char *vbuf);
              `curia' specifies a database handle.  `kbuf' specifies the pointer to the region of
              a key.  `ksiz' specifies the size of the region of the key.  If it is negative, the
              size  is assigned with `strlen(kbuf)'.  `start' specifies the offset address of the
              beginning of the region of the value to be read.  `max' specifies the max  size  to
              be read.  It shuld be equal to or less than the size of the writing buffer.  `vbuf'
              specifies the pointer to a buffer into which the value of the corresponding  record
              is written.  If successful, the return value is the size of the written data, else,
              it is -1.  -1 is returned when no record corresponds to the specified  key  or  the
              size  of  the value of the corresponding record is less than `start'.  Note that no
              additional zero code is appended at the end of the region of the writing buffer.

       The function `crvsiz' is used in order to get the size of the value of a record.

       int crvsiz(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz);
              `curia' specifies a database handle.  `kbuf' specifies the pointer to the region of
              a key.  `ksiz' specifies the size of the region of the key.  If it is negative, the
              size is assigned with `strlen(kbuf)'.  If successful, the return value is the  size
              of  the  value  of the corresponding record, else, it is -1.  Because this function
              does not read the entity of a record, it is faster than `crget'.

       The function `criterinit' is used in order  to  initialize  the  iterator  of  a  database
       handle.

       int criterinit(CURIA *curia);
              `curia'  specifies  a  database  handle.   If successful, the return value is true,
              else, it is false.  The iterator is used in order to access the key of every record
              stored in a database.

       The function `criternext' is used in order to get the next key of the iterator.

       char *criternext(CURIA *curia, int *sp);
              `curia'  specifies  a database handle.  `sp' specifies the pointer to a variable to
              which the size of the region of the return value is assigned.  If it is `NULL',  it
              is  not  used.  If successful, the return value is the pointer to the region of the
              next key, else, it is `NULL'.  `NULL' is returned when no record is to be  get  out
              of  the  iterator.   Because  an additional zero code is appended at the end of the
              region of the return value, the return value can be treated as a character  string.
              Because  the  region  of  the  return value is allocated with the `malloc' call, it
              should be released with the `free' call if it is no longer in use.  It is  possible
              to  access  every record by iteration of calling this function.  However, it is not
              assured if updating the database is occurred while  the  iteration.   Besides,  the
              order  of  this traversal access method is arbitrary, so it is not assured that the
              order of storing matches the one of the traversal access.

       The function `crsetalign' is used in order to set alignment of a database handle.

       int crsetalign(CURIA *curia, int align);
              `curia' specifies a database handle connected as a writer.  `align'  specifies  the
              size of alignment.  If successful, the return value is true, else, it is false.  If
              alignment is set to a database, the efficiency of overwriting values  is  improved.
              The  size of alignment is suggested to be average size of the values of the records
              to be stored.  If alignment is positive, padding whose size is multiple  number  of
              the  alignment  is  placed.   If  alignment is negative, as `vsiz' is the size of a
              value, the size of padding is calculated with `(vsiz / pow(2,  abs(align)  -  1))'.
              Because  alignment setting is not saved in a database, you should specify alignment
              every opening a database.

       The function `crsetfbpsiz' is used in order to set the size of the free block  pool  of  a
       database handle.

       int crsetfbpsiz(CURIA *curia, int size);
              `curia'  specifies  a  database handle connected as a writer.  `size' specifies the
              size of the free block pool of a database.  If  successful,  the  return  value  is
              true,  else,  it  is false.  The default size of the free block pool is 16.  If the
              size is greater, the space efficiency of overwriting values is  improved  with  the
              time efficiency sacrificed.

       The function `crsync' is used in order to synchronize updating contents with the files and
       the devices.

       int crsync(CURIA *curia);
              `curia' specifies a database handle connected as  a  writer.   If  successful,  the
              return  value  is  true,  else,  it is false.  This function is useful when another
              process uses the connected database directory.

       The function `croptimize' is used in order to optimize a database.

       int croptimize(CURIA *curia, int bnum);
              `curia' specifies a database handle connected as a writer.   `bnum'  specifies  the
              number of the elements of each bucket array.  If it is not more than 0, the default
              value is specified.  In an alternating succession  of  deleting  and  storing  with
              overwrite  or concatenate, dispensable regions accumulate.  This function is useful
              to do away with them.

       The function `crname' is used in order to get the name of a database.

       char *crname(CURIA *curia);
              `curia' specifies a database handle.   If  successful,  the  return  value  is  the
              pointer to the region of the name of the database, else, it is `NULL'.  Because the
              region of the return value is allocated  with  the  `malloc'  call,  it  should  be
              released with the `free' call if it is no longer in use.

       The function `crfsiz' is used in order to get the total size of database files.

       int crfsiz(CURIA *curia);
              `curia'  specifies a database handle.  If successful, the return value is the total
              size of the database files, else, it is -1.  If the total size is  more  than  2GB,
              the return value overflows.

       The  function  `crfsizd'  is  used  in  order  to  get the total size of database files as
       double-precision floating-point number.

       double crfsizd(CURIA *curia);
              `curia' specifies a database handle.  If successful, the return value is the  total
              size of the database files, else, it is -1.0.

       The  function  `crbnum'  is  used in order to get the total number of the elements of each
       bucket array.

       int crbnum(CURIA *curia);
              `curia' specifies a database handle.  If successful, the return value is the  total
              number of the elements of each bucket array, else, it is -1.

       The  function `crbusenum' is used in order to get the total number of the used elements of
       each bucket array.

       int crbusenum(CURIA *curia);
              `curia' specifies a database handle.  If successful, the return value is the  total
              number of the used elements of each bucket array, else, it is -1.  This function is
              inefficient because it accesses all elements of each bucket array.

       The function `crrnum' is used in order to get the  number  of  the  records  stored  in  a
       database.

       int crrnum(CURIA *curia);
              `curia' specifies a database handle.  If successful, the return value is the number
              of the records stored in the database, else, it is -1.

       The function `crwritable' is used in order to check whether a database handle is a  writer
       or not.

       int crwritable(CURIA *curia);
              `curia'  specifies  a database handle.  The return value is true if the handle is a
              writer, false if not.

       The function `crfatalerror' is used in order to check whether a database has a fatal error
       or not.

       int crfatalerror(CURIA *curia);
              `curia'  specifies a database handle.  The return value is true if the database has
              a fatal error, false if not.

       The function `crinode' is used in order to get the inode number of a database directory.

       int crinode(CURIA *curia);
              `curia' specifies a database handle.  The return value is the inode number  of  the
              database directory.

       The function `crmtime' is used in order to get the last modified time of a database.

       time_t crmtime(CURIA *curia);
              `curia' specifies a database handle.  The return value is the last modified time of
              the database.

       The function `crremove' is used in order to remove a database directory.

       int crremove(const char *name);
              `name' specifies the name of a database directory.  If successful, the return value
              is true, else, it is false.

       The function `crrepair' is used in order to repair a broken database directory.

       int crrepair(const char *name);
              `name' specifies the name of a database directory.  If successful, the return value
              is true, else, it is false.  There is no guarantee that all records in  a  repaired
              database directory correspond to the original or expected state.

       The function `crexportdb' is used in order to dump all records as endian independent data.

       int crexportdb(CURIA *curia, const char *name);
              `curia'  specifies  a  database  handle.   `name'  specifies  the name of an output
              directory.  If successful, the return value is true, else, it is false.  Note  that
              large objects are ignored.

       The  function  `crimportdb'  is  used in order to load all records from endian independent
       data.

       int crimportdb(CURIA *curia, const char *name);
              `curia' specifies a database handle connected as a writer.   The  database  of  the
              handle  must  be  empty.   `name'  specifies  the  name  of an input directory.  If
              successful, the return value is true, else, it is false.  Note that  large  objects
              are ignored.

       The  function  `crsnaffle'  is used in order to retrieve a record directly from a database
       directory.

       char *crsnaffle(const char *name, const char *kbuf, int ksiz, int *sp);
              `name' specifies the name of a database directory.  `kbuf' specifies the pointer to
              the region of a key.  `ksiz' specifies the size of the region of the key.  If it is
              negative, the size is assigned with `strlen(kbuf)'.  `sp' specifies the pointer  to
              a  variable to which the size of the region of the return value is assigned.  If it
              is `NULL', it is not used.  If successful, the return value is the pointer  to  the
              region  of  the  value  of the corresponding record, else, it is `NULL'.  `NULL' is
              returned when no record corresponds to the specified key.   Because  an  additional
              zero  code  is  appended  at  the end of the region of the return value, the return
              value can be treated as a character string.  Because the region of the return value
              is  allocated with the `malloc' call, it should be released with the `free' call if
              it is no longer in use.  Although this function can be used even while the database
              directory  is  locked  by another process, it is not assured that recent updated is
              reflected.

       The function `crputlob' is used in order to store a large object.

       int crputlob(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz, const char  *vbuf,  int  vsiz,  int
       dmode);
              `curia'  specifies  a  database handle connected as a writer.  `kbuf' specifies the
              pointer to the region of a key.  `ksiz' specifies the size of  the  region  of  the
              key.   If  it  is  negative,  the  size  is  assigned  with `strlen(kbuf)'.  `vbuf'
              specifies the pointer to the region of a value.  `vsiz' specifies the size  of  the
              region  of the value.  If it is negative, the size is assigned with `strlen(vbuf)'.
              `dmode' specifies  behavior  when  the  key  overlaps,  by  the  following  values:
              `CR_DOVER',   which   means  the  specified  value  overwrites  the  existing  one,
              `CR_DKEEP', which means the existing value is  kept,  `CR_DCAT',  which  means  the
              specified  value  is concatenated at the end of the existing value.  If successful,
              the return value is true, else, it is false.

       The function `croutlob' is used in order to delete a large object.

       int croutlob(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz);
              `curia' specifies a database handle connected as a writer.   `kbuf'  specifies  the
              pointer  to  the  region  of a key.  `ksiz' specifies the size of the region of the
              key.  If it is negative, the size is assigned with `strlen(kbuf)'.  If  successful,
              the  return  value  is  true,  else,  it is false.  false is returned when no large
              object corresponds to the specified key.

       The function `crgetlob' is used in order to retrieve a large object.

       char *crgetlob(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz, int start, int max, int *sp);
              `curia' specifies a database handle.  `kbuf' specifies the pointer to the region of
              a key.  `ksiz' specifies the size of the region of the key.  If it is negative, the
              size is assigned with `strlen(kbuf)'.  `start' specifies the offset address of  the
              beginning  of  the region of the value to be read.  `max' specifies the max size to
              be read.  If it is negative, the size to read is  unlimited.   `sp'  specifies  the
              pointer  to  a  variable  to  which  the  size of the region of the return value is
              assigned.  If it is `NULL', it is not used.  If successful, the return value is the
              pointer  to  the region of the value of the corresponding large object, else, it is
              `NULL'.  `NULL' is returned when no large object corresponds to the  specified  key
              or  the  size  of the value of the corresponding large object is less than `start'.
              Because an additional zero code is appended at the end of the region of the  return
              value,  the  return value can be treated as a character string.  Because the region
              of the return value is allocated with the `malloc' call, it should be released with
              the `free' call if it is no longer in use.

       The function `crgetlobfd' is used in order to get the file descriptor of a large object.

       int crgetlobfd(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz);
              `curia' specifies a database handle.  `kbuf' specifies the pointer to the region of
              a key.  `ksiz' specifies the size of the region of the key.  If it is negative, the
              size  is assigned with `strlen(kbuf)'.  If successful, the return value is the file
              descriptor of the corresponding large object, else, it is -1.  -1 is returned  when
              no  large object corresponds to the specified key.  The returned file descriptor is
              opened with the `open' call.  If the database handle was opened as  a  writer,  the
              descriptor  is  writable  (O_RDWR),  else,  it  is  not  writable  (O_RDONLY).  The
              descriptor should be closed with the `close' call if it is no longer in use.

       The function `crvsizlob' is used in order to get the size of the value of a large object.

       int crvsizlob(CURIA *curia, const char *kbuf, int ksiz);
              `curia' specifies a database handle.  `kbuf' specifies the pointer to the region of
              a key.  `ksiz' specifies the size of the region of the key.  If it is negative, the
              size is assigned with `strlen(kbuf)'.  If successful, the return value is the  size
              of  the  value  of  the  corresponding  large object, else, it is -1.  Because this
              function does not read the entity of a large object, it is faster than `crgetlob'.

       The function `crrnumlob' is used in order to get the number of the large objects stored in
       a database.

       int crrnumlob(CURIA *curia);
              `curia' specifies a database handle.  If successful, the return value is the number
              of the large objects stored in the database, else, it is -1.

       If QDBM was built with POSIX thread enabled, the global variable `dpecode' is  treated  as
       thread  specific  data,  and  functions  of  Curia  are reentrant.  In that case, they are
       thread-safe as long as a handle is not accessed by  threads  at  the  same  time,  on  the
       assumption that `errno', `malloc', and so on are thread-safe.

SEE ALSO

       qdbm(3), depot(3), relic(3), hovel(3), cabin(3), villa(3), odeum(3), ndbm(3), gdbm(3)