Provided by: systemd_253.5-1ubuntu6.1_amd64 
NAME
systemd.swap - Swap unit configuration
SYNOPSIS
swap.swap
DESCRIPTION
A unit configuration file whose name ends in ".swap" encodes information about a swap
device or file for memory paging controlled and supervised by systemd.
This man page lists the configuration options specific to this unit type. See
systemd.unit(5) for the common options of all unit configuration files. The common
configuration items are configured in the generic [Unit] and [Install] sections. The swap
specific configuration options are configured in the [Swap] section.
Additional options are listed in systemd.exec(5), which define the execution environment
the swapon(8) program is executed in, in systemd.kill(5), which define the way these
processes are terminated, and in systemd.resource-control(5), which configure resource
control settings for these processes of the unit.
Swap units must be named after the devices or files they control. Example: the swap device
/dev/sda5 must be configured in a unit file dev-sda5.swap. For details about the escaping
logic used to convert a file system path to a unit name, see systemd.unit(5). Note that
swap units cannot be templated, nor is possible to add multiple names to a swap unit by
creating additional symlinks to it.
Note that swap support on Linux is privileged, swap units are hence only available in the
system service manager (and root's user service manager), but not in unprivileged user's
service manager.
AUTOMATIC DEPENDENCIES
Implicit Dependencies
The following dependencies are implicitly added:
• All swap units automatically get the BindsTo= and After= dependencies on the device
units or the mount units of the files they are activated from.
Additional implicit dependencies may be added as result of execution and resource control
parameters as documented in systemd.exec(5) and systemd.resource-control(5).
Default Dependencies
The following dependencies are added unless DefaultDependencies=no is set:
• Swap units automatically acquire a Conflicts= and a Before= dependency on
umount.target so that they are deactivated at shutdown as well as a Before=swap.target
dependency.
FSTAB
Swap units may either be configured via unit files, or via /etc/fstab (see fstab(5) for
details). Swaps listed in /etc/fstab will be converted into native units dynamically at
boot and when the configuration of the system manager is reloaded. See systemd-fstab-
generator(8) for details about the conversion.
If a swap device or file is configured in both /etc/fstab and a unit file, the
configuration in the latter takes precedence.
When reading /etc/fstab, a few special options are understood by systemd which influence
how dependencies are created for swap units.
noauto, auto
With noauto, the swap unit will not be added as a dependency for swap.target. This
means that it will not be activated automatically during boot, unless it is pulled in
by some other unit. The auto option has the opposite meaning and is the default.
nofail
With nofail, the swap unit will be only wanted, not required by swap.target. This
means that the boot will continue even if this swap device is not activated
successfully.
x-systemd.device-timeout=
Configure how long systemd should wait for a device to show up before giving up on an
entry from /etc/fstab. Specify a time in seconds or explicitly append a unit such as
"s", "min", "h", "ms".
Note that this option can only be used in /etc/fstab, and will be ignored when part of
the Options= setting in a unit file.
x-systemd.makefs
The swap structure will be initialized on the device. If the device is not "empty",
i.e. it contains any signature, the operation will be skipped. It is hence expected
that this option remains set even after the device has been initialized.
Note that this option can only be used in /etc/fstab, and will be ignored when part of
the Options= setting in a unit file.
See systemd-mkswap@.service(8) and the discussion of wipefs(8) in systemd.mount(5).
OPTIONS
Swap unit files may include [Unit] and [Install] sections, which are described in
systemd.unit(5).
Swap unit files must include a [Swap] section, which carries information about the swap
device it supervises. A number of options that may be used in this section are shared with
other unit types. These options are documented in systemd.exec(5) and systemd.kill(5). The
options specific to the [Swap] section of swap units are the following:
What=
Takes an absolute path of a device node or file to use for paging. See swapon(8) for
details. If this refers to a device node, a dependency on the respective device unit
is automatically created. (See systemd.device(5) for more information.) If this refers
to a file, a dependency on the respective mount unit is automatically created. (See
systemd.mount(5) for more information.) This option is mandatory. Note that the usual
specifier expansion is applied to this setting, literal percent characters should
hence be written as "%%".
Priority=
Swap priority to use when activating the swap device or file. This takes an integer.
This setting is optional and ignored when the priority is set by pri= in the Options=
key.
Options=
May contain an option string for the swap device. This may be used for controlling
discard options among other functionality, if the swap backing device supports the
discard or trim operation. (See swapon(8) for more information.) Note that the usual
specifier expansion is applied to this setting, literal percent characters should
hence be written as "%%".
TimeoutSec=
Configures the time to wait for the swapon command to finish. If a command does not
exit within the configured time, the swap will be considered failed and be shut down
again. All commands still running will be terminated forcibly via SIGTERM, and after
another delay of this time with SIGKILL. (See KillMode= in systemd.kill(5).) Takes a
unit-less value in seconds, or a time span value such as "5min 20s". Pass "0" to
disable the timeout logic. Defaults to DefaultTimeoutStartSec= from the manager
configuration file (see systemd-system.conf(5)).
Check systemd.unit(5), systemd.exec(5), and systemd.kill(5) for more settings.
SEE ALSO
systemd(1), systemctl(1), systemd-system.conf(5), systemd.unit(5), systemd.exec(5),
systemd.kill(5), systemd.resource-control(5), systemd.device(5), systemd.mount(5),
swapon(8), systemd-fstab-generator(8), systemd.directives(7)