NAME

       ls, lc - list contents of directory

SYNOPSIS

       ls [ -dlmnpqrstuFQ ] name ...

       lc [ -dlmnpqrstuFQ ] name ...

DESCRIPTION

       For  each  directory  argument,  ls  lists  the  contents  of the directory; for each file
       argument, ls repeats its name and any other information requested.  When  no  argument  is
       given,  the  current directory is listed.  By default, the output is sorted alphabetically
       by name.

       Lc is the same as ls, but sets the -p option and pipes the output through mc(1).

       There are a number of options:

       -d     If argument is a directory, list it, not its contents.

       -l     List in long format, giving mode (see below), file system type (e.g., for  devices,
              the  #  code letter that names it; see intro(3)), the instance or subdevice number,
              owner, group, size in bytes, and time of last modification for each file.

       -m     List the name of the user who most recently modified the file.

       -n     Don't sort the listing.

       -p     Print only the final path element of each file name.

       -q     List the qid (see stat(3)) of each file; the printed fields are in the order  path,
              version, and type.

       -r     Reverse the order of sort.

       -s     Give size in Kbytes for each entry.

       -t     Sort by time modified (latest first) instead of by name.

       -u     Under -t sort by time of last access; under -l print time of last access.

       -F     Add  the  character  /  after  all  directory  names  and the character * after all
              executable files.

       -L     Print the character t before each file if it has the  temporary  flag  set,  and  -
              otherwise.

       -Q     By  default,  printed  file  names are quoted if they contain characters special to
              rc(1).  The -Q flag disables this behavior.

       The mode printed under the -l option contains 11 characters, interpreted as  follows:  the
       first character is

       d      if the entry is a directory;

       a      if the entry is an append-only file;

       D      if the entry is a Unix device;

       L      if the entry is a symbolic link;

       P      if the entry is a named pipe;

       S      if the entry is a socket;

       -      if the entry is a plain file.

       The next letter is l if the file is exclusive access (one writer or reader at a time).

       The  last  9  characters  are interpreted as three sets of three bits each.  The first set
       refers to owner permissions; the next to permissions to others in the same user-group; and
       the  last  to  all  others.   Within  each  set  the  three characters indicate permission
       respectively to read, to write, or to execute the file as a  program.   For  a  directory,
       `execute'  permission  is  interpreted  to  mean  permission to search the directory for a
       specified file.  The permissions are indicated as follows:

       r  if the file is readable;
       w  if the file is writable;
       x  if the file is executable;
       -  if none of the above permissions is granted.

SOURCE

       /src/cmd/ls.c
       /bin/lc

SEE ALSO

       stat(3), mc(1)

                                                                                       LS(1plan9)