Provided by: rakudo_2022.12-1_amd64 
NAME
raku - Rakudo Raku Compiler
SYNOPSIS
raku [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]
DESCRIPTION
With no arguments, enters a REPL. With a "[programfile]" or the "-e" option, compiles the
given program and by default also executes the compiled code.
-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)
--doc extract documentation and print it as text
-e program one line of program, strict is enabled by default
-h, --help display this help text
-n run program once for each line of input
-p same as -n, but also print $_ at the end of lines
-I path adds the path to the module search path
-M module loads the module prior to running the program
--target=[stage] specify compilation stage to emit
--optimize=[level] use the given level of optimization (0..3)
--encoding=[mode] specify string encoding mode
-o, --output=[name] specify name of output file
-v, --version display version information
--stagestats display time spent in the compilation stages
--ll-exception display a low level backtrace on errors
--profile write profile information as HTML file (MoarVM)
--profile-filename provide a different filename (also allows .json)
--doc=[module] Use Pod::To::[module] to render inline documentation.
--full-cleanup try to free all memory and exit cleanly (MoarVM)
--debug-port=port listen for incoming debugger connections (MoarVM)
--debug-suspend pause execution at the entry point (MoarVM)
--tracing output a line to stderr on every interpreter instr (only
if enabled in MoarVM)
Note that only boolean single-letter options may be bundled.
The supported values for "--target" are:
Target Backend Description
====== ======= ===========
parse all a representation of the parse tree
ast all an abstract syntax tree (before optimizations)
optimize all an abstract syntax tree (after optimizations)
mbc MoarVM MoarVM byte code
jar JVM JVM archive
For "--profile-filename", specifying a name ending in ".json" will write a raw JSON
profile dump. The default if this is omitted is "profile-[timestamp].html".
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
Rakudo's behavior can be tweaked by a (growing) number of environment variables; this
section attempts to document all those currently in use. They are interpreter specific in
all cases, except where some use conventional names such as "PATH".
The underlying virtual machine is also sensitive to a series of environment variables;
they are listed in this wiki page <https://github.com/rakudo/rakudo/wiki/dev-env-
vars#moarvm>.
Module loading
"RAKUDOLIB", "RAKULIB" (Str; src/core/Inc.pm)
"RAKUDOLIB" and "RAKULIB" append a comma-delimited list of paths to the search list
for modules. "RAKUDOLIB" is evaluated first. NOTE: These env vars were added in the
Rakudo compiler in version 2020.05. The deprecated older env var "PERL6LIB" is still
available.
"RAKUDO_MODULE_DEBUG" (Bool; src/Perl6/ModuleLoader.nqp)
If true, causes the module loader to print debugging information to standard error.
Error message verbosity and strictness
"RAKU_EXCEPTIONS_HANDLER"
If present, the "print_exception" routine will use a class of that name to process the
exception for output. Rakudo currently ships with "Exceptions::JSON" (invoked by
setting this variable to "JSON"), to override the default output. NOTE: This env var
was added in version 6.e. Early implementation has been available in Rakudo compiler
as of version 2019.12, and before that it was available as "PERL6_EXCEPTIONS_HANDLER".
"RAKUDO_NO_DEPRECATIONS" (Bool; src/core.c/Deprecations.pm6)
If true, suppresses deprecation warnings triggered by the "is DEPRECATED" trait.
"RAKUDO_DEPRECATIONS_FATAL" (Bool; src/core.c/Deprecations.pm6)
If true, deprecation warnings become thrown exceptions.
"RAKUDO_VERBOSE_STACKFRAME" (UInt; src/core.c/Backtrace.pm6)
Displays source code in stack frames surrounded by the specified number of lines of
context; for instance "RAKUDO_VERBOSE_STACKFRAME = 1" will use one context line.
"RAKUDO_BACKTRACE_SETTING" (Bool; src/core.c/Backtrace.pm6)
Controls whether ".setting" files are included in backtraces.
Affecting precompilation
"RAKUDO_PREFIX" (Str; src/core.c/CompUnit/RepositoryRegistry.pm6)
When this is set, Rakudo will look for the standard repositories (perl, vendor, site)
in the specified directory. This is intended as an escape hatch for build-time
bootstrapping issues, where Rakudo may be built as an unprivileged user without write
access to the runtime paths in NQP's config.
"RAKUDO_PRECOMP_DIST" (src/core.c/CompUnit/PrecompilationRepository.pm6) =item
"RAKUDO_PRECOMP_LOADING" (src/core.c/CompUnit/PrecompilationRepository.pm6) =item
"RAKUDO_PRECOMP_WITH" (src/core.c/CompUnit/PrecompilationRepository.pm6)
These are internal variables for passing serialized state to precompilation jobs in
child processes. Please do not set them manually.
"RAKUDO_LOG_PRECOMP"
If set to 1, diagnostic information about the precompilation process is emitted.
Line editor
"RAKUDO_LINE_EDITOR"
This specifies the preferred line editor to use; valid values are "Readline",
"Linenoise", "LineEditor", and "none". A value of "none" is useful if you want to
avoid the recommendation message upon REPL startup.
"RAKUDO_DISABLE_MULTILINE"
If set to 1, will disable multiline input for the REPL.
"RAKUDO_HIST"
This specifies the location of the history file used by the line editor; the default
is "~/.raku/rakudo-history". Before Rakudo version 2020.02 the default was
"~/.perl6/rakudo-history". If the older default file exists and the newer one does
not, it will be automatically migrated.
Other
"RAKUDO_DEFAULT_READ_ELEMS"
This specifies the default number of characters to read on an
LX"IO::Handle"|/type/IO::HandleX by setting the
LX"$*DEFAULT-READ-ELEMS"|/language/variables#$*DEFAULT-READ-ELEMSX dynamic variable.
"RAKUDO_ERROR_COLOR" (Bool; src/core.c/Exception.pm6)
Controls whether to emit ANSI codes for error highlighting. Defaults to true if unset,
except on Windows.
"RAKUDO_MAX_THREADS" (UInt; src/core.c/ThreadPoolScheduler.pm6)
Indicates the maximum number of threads used by default when creating a
"ThreadPoolScheduler". Defaults to 64.
"TMPDIR", "TEMP", "TMP" (Str; src/core.c/IO/Spec/)
The "IO::Spec::Unix.tmpdir" method will return $TMPDIR if it points to a directory
with full access permissions for the current user, with a fallback default of '/tmp'.
"IO::Spec::Cygwin" and "IO::Spec::Win32" use more Windows-appropriate lists which also
include the "%TEMP%" and "%TMP%" environment variables.
"PATH", "Path" (Str; src/core.c/IO/Spec/)
The "IO::Spec::Unix.path" method splits $PATH as a shell would; i.e. as a colon-
separated list. "IO::Spec::Cygwin" inherits this from "IO::Spec::Unix".
"IO::Spec::Win32.path" will read the first defined of either "%PATH%" or "%Path%" as a
semicolon-delimited list.
"RAKUDO_SNAPPER"
Indicates the period in which the telemetry snapper will take a snapshot. Defaults to
.1 for 10 snapshots per second.
"RAKUDO_HOME"
Allows to override the Raku installation path. Defaults to
"[rakudo_executable_dir]/../share/perl6" in relocatable builds and the absolute path
to that folder in non-relocatable builds.
"NQP_HOME"
Allows to override the NQP installation path. Defaults to
"[rakudo_executable_dir]/../share/nqp" in relocatable builds and the absolute path to
that folder in non-relocatable builds.
WINDOWS PECULIARITIES
Non-console applications
On Windows programs are compiled to either be console applications or non-console
applications. Console applications always open a console window. There is no
straightforward way to suppress this window.
Rakudo provides a separate set of executables suffixed with a 'w' ("rakuw.exe",
"rakudow.exe", ...) that are compiled as non-console applications. These do not spawn this
console window.
WARNING By default these non-console applications will silently swallow everything that is
printed to "STDOUT" and "STDERR".
To receive the output of the program it suffices to redirect it externally:
rakuw.exe script.raku >stdout.txt 2>stderr.txt
AUTHORS
Written by the Rakudo contributors, see the CREDITS file.
This manual page was written by Reini Urban, Moritz Lenz and the Rakudo contributors.
# vim: expandtab softtabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 ft=perl6