NAME

     scan-build — Clang static analyzer

SYNOPSIS

     scan-build [-ohkvV] [-analyze-headers] [-enable-checker [checker_name]]
                [-disable-checker [checker_name]] [--help] [--help-checkers]
                [--html-title [=title]] [--keep-going] [-plist] [-plist-html] [--status-bugs]
                [--use-c++ [=compiler_path]] [--use-cc [=compiler_path]] [--view]
                [-constraints [model]] [-maxloop N] [-no-failure-reports] [-stats]
                [-store [model]] build_command [build_options]

DESCRIPTION

     scan-build is a Perl script that invokes the Clang static analyzer.  Options used by
     scan-build or by the analyzer appear first, followed by the build_command and any
     build_options normally used to build the target system.

     The static analyzer employs a long list of checking algorithms, see CHECKERS.  Output can be
     written in standard .plist and/or HTML format.

     The following options are supported:

     -analyze-headers
             Also analyze functions in #included files.

     -enable-checker checker_name, -disable-checker checker_name
             Enable/disable checker_name.  See CHECKERS.

     -h, --help
             Display this message.

     --help-checkers
             List default checkers, see CHECKERS.

     --html-title[=title]
             Specify the title used on generated HTML pages.  A default title is generated if
             title is not specified.

     -k, --keep-going
             Add a “keep on going” option to build_command.  Currently supports make and
             xcodebuild. This is a convenience option; one can specify this behavior directly
             using build options.

     -o      Target directory for HTML report files.  Subdirectories will be created as needed to
             represent separate invocations of the analyzer.  If this option is not specified, a
             directory is created in /tmp (TMPDIR on Mac OS X) to store the reports.

     -plist  Output the results as a set of .plist files. (By default the output of scan-build is
             a set of HTML files.)

     -plist-html
             Output the results as a set of HTML and .plist files

     --status-bugs
             Set exit status to 1 if it found potential bugs and 0 otherwise. By default the exit
             status of scan-build is that returned by build_command.

     --use-c++[=compiler_path]
             Guess the default compiler for your C++ and Objective-C++ code. Use this option to
             specify an alternate compiler.

     --use-cc[=compiler_path]
             Guess the default compiler for your C and Objective-C code. Use this option to
             specify an alternate compiler.

     -v      Verbose output from scan-build and the analyzer. A second and third v increases
             verbosity.

     -V, --view
             View analysis results in a web browser when the build completes.

     -constraints [model]
             Specify the constraint engine used by the analyzer.  By default the ‘range’ model is
             used.  Specifying ‘basic’ uses a simpler, less powerful constraint model used by
             checker-0.160 and earlier.

     -maxloop N
             Specify the number of times a block can be visited before giving up. Default is 4.
             Increase for more comprehensive coverage at a cost of speed.

     -no-failure-reports
             Do not create a ‘failures’ subdirectory that includes analyzer crash reports and
             preprocessed source files.

     -stats  Generates visitation statistics for the project being analyzed.

     -store [model]
             Specify the store model used by the analyzer. By default, the ‘region’ store model
             is used.  ‘region’ specifies a field- sensitive store model. Users can also specify
             ‘basic’ which is far less precise but can more quickly analyze code.  ‘basic’ was
             the default store model for checker-0.221 and earlier.

EXIT STATUS

     scan-build returns the value returned by build_command unless --status-bugs or --keep-going
     is used.

CHECKERS

     The checkers listed below may be enabled/disabled using the -enable-checker and
     -disable-checker options.  A default group of checkers is run unless explicitly disabled.
     Exactly which checkers constitute the default group is a function of the operating system in
     use; they are listed with --help-checkers.

     core.AdjustedReturnValue
              Check to see if the return value of a function call is different than the caller
              expects (e.g., from calls through function pointers).

     core.AttributeNonNull
              Check for null pointers passed as arguments to a function whose arguments are
              marked with the ‘nonnull’ attribute.

     core.CallAndMessage
              Check for logical errors for function calls and Objective-C message expressions
              (e.g., uninitialized arguments, null function pointers).

     core.DivideZero
              Check for division by zero.

     core.NullDereference
              Check for dereferences of null pointers.

     core.StackAddressEscape
              Check that addresses to stack memory do not escape the function.

     core.UndefinedBinaryOperatorResult
              Check for undefined results of binary operators.

     core.VLASize
              Check for declarations of VLA of undefined or zero size.

     core.builtin.BuiltinFunctions
              Evaluate compiler builtin functions, e.g.  alloca().

     core.builtin.NoReturnFunctions
              Evaluate ‘panic’ functions that are known to not return to the caller.

     core.uninitialized.ArraySubscript
              Check for uninitialized values used as array subscripts.

     core.uninitialized.Assign
              Check for assigning uninitialized values.

     core.uninitialized.Branch
              Check for uninitialized values used as branch conditions.

     core.uninitialized.CapturedBlockVariable
              Check for blocks that capture uninitialized values.

     core.uninitialized.UndefReturn
              Check for uninitialized values being returned to the caller.

     deadcode.DeadStores
              Check for values stored to variables that are never read afterwards.

     debug.DumpCFG
              Display Control-Flow Graphs.

     debug.DumpCallGraph
              Display Call Graph.

     debug.DumpDominators
              Print the dominance tree for a given Control-Flow Graph.

     debug.DumpLiveVars
              Print results of live variable analysis.

     debug.Stats
              Emit warnings with analyzer statistics.

     debug.TaintTest
              Mark tainted symbols as such.

     debug.ViewCFG
              View Control-Flow Graphs using GraphViz.

     debug.ViewCallGraph
              View Call Graph using GraphViz.

     llvm.Conventions
              Check code for LLVM codebase conventions.

     osx.API  Check for proper uses of various Mac OS X APIs.

     osx.AtomicCAS
              Evaluate calls to OSAtomic functions.

     osx.SecKeychainAPI
              Check for proper uses of Secure Keychain APIs.

     osx.cocoa.AtSync
              Check for null pointers used as mutexes for @synchronized.

     osx.cocoa.ClassRelease
              Check for sending ‘retain’, ‘release,’ or ‘autorelease’ directly to a Class.

     osx.cocoa.IncompatibleMethodTypes
              Warn about Objective-C method signatures with type incompatibilities.

     osx.cocoa.NSAutoreleasePool
              Warn for suboptimal uses of NSAutoreleasePool in Objective-C GC mode.

     osx.cocoa.NSError
              Check usage of NSError** parameters.

     osx.cocoa.NilArg
              Check for prohibited nil arguments to Objective-C method calls.

     osx.cocoa.RetainCount
              Check for leaks and improper reference count management.

     osx.cocoa.SelfInit
              Check that ‘self’ is properly initialized inside an initializer method.

     osx.cocoa.UnusedIvars
              Warn about private ivars that are never used.

     osx.cocoa.VariadicMethodTypes
              Check for passing non-Objective-C types to variadic methods that expect only
              Objective-C types.

     osx.coreFoundation.CFError
              Check usage of CFErrorRef* parameters.

     osx.coreFoundation.CFNumber
              Check for proper uses of CFNumberCreate().

     osx.coreFoundation.CFRetainRelease
              Check for null arguments to CFRetain(), CFRelease(), and CFMakeCollectable().

     osx.coreFoundation.containers.OutOfBounds
              Checks for index out-of-bounds when using the CFArray API.

     osx.coreFoundation.containers.PointerSizedValues
              Warns if CFArray, CFDictionary, or CFSet are created with non-pointer-size values.

     security.FloatLoopCounter
              Warn on using a floating point value as a loop counter (CERT: FLP30-C, FLP30-CPP).

     security.insecureAPI.UncheckedReturn
              Warn on uses of functions whose return values must be always checked.

     security.insecureAPI.getpw
              Warn on uses of getpw().

     security.insecureAPI.gets
              Warn on uses of gets().

     security.insecureAPI.mkstemp
              Warn when mkstemp() is passed fewer than 6 X's in the format string.

     security.insecureAPI.mktemp
              Warn on uses of mktemp().

     security.insecureAPI.rand
              Warn on uses of rand(), random(), and related functions.

     security.insecureAPI.strcpy
              Warn on uses of strcpy() and strcat().

     security.insecureAPI.vfork
              Warn on uses of vfork().

     unix.API
              Check calls to various UNIX/Posix functions.

     unix.Malloc
              Check for memory leaks, double free, and use-after-free.

     unix.cstring.BadSizeArg
              Check the size argument passed into C string functions for common erroneous
              patterns.

     unix.cstring.NullArg
              Check for null pointers being passed as arguments to C string functions.

EXAMPLE

     scan-build -o /tmp/myhtmldir make -j4

     The above example causes analysis reports to be deposited into a subdirectory of
     /tmp/myhtmldir and to run make with the -j4 option.  A different subdirectory is created
     each time scan-build analyzes a project.  The analyzer should support most parallel builds,
     but not distributed builds.

AUTHORS

     scan-build was written by Ted Kremenek.  Documentation contributed by
     James K. Lowden <jklowden@schemamania.org>.