NAME

     ahci — Serial ATA Advanced Host Controller Interface driver

SYNOPSIS

     To compile this driver into the kernel, place the following lines in your kernel
     configuration file:

           device pci
           device scbus
           device ahci

     Alternatively, to load the driver as a module at boot time, place the following line in
     loader.conf(5):

           ahci_load="YES"

     The following tunables are settable from the loader(8):

     hint.ahci.X.msi
     controls Message Signaled Interrupts (MSI) usage by the specified controller.

           0     MSI disabled;
           1     single MSI vector used, if supported;
           2     multiple MSI vectors used, if supported (default);

     hint.ahci.X.ccc
     controls Command Completion Coalescing (CCC) usage by the specified controller.  Non-zero
     value enables CCC and defines maximum time (in ms), request can wait for interrupt, if there
     are some more requests present on controller queue.  CCC reduces number of context switches
     on systems with many parallel requests, but it can decrease disk performance on some
     workloads due to additional command latency.

     hint.ahci.X.direct
     controls whether the driver should use direct command completion from interrupt thread(s),
     or queue them to CAM completion threads.  Default value depends on number of MSI interrupts
     supported and number of implemented SATA ports.

     hint.ahcich.X.pm_level
     controls SATA interface Power Management for the specified channel, allowing some power to
     be saved at the cost of additional command latency.  Possible values:

           0     interface Power Management is disabled (default);
           1     device is allowed to initiate PM state change, host is passive;
           2     host initiates PARTIAL PM state transition every time port becomes idle;
           3     host initiates SLUMBER PM state transition every time port becomes idle.
           4     driver initiates PARTIAL PM state transition 1ms after port becomes idle;
           5     driver initiates SLUMBER PM state transition 125ms after port becomes idle.

     Some controllers, such as ICH8, do not implement modes 2 and 3 with NCQ used.  Because of
     artificial entering latency, performance degradation in modes 4 and 5 is much smaller then
     in modes 2 and 3.

     Note that interface Power Management complicates device presence detection.  A manual bus
     reset/rescan may be needed after device hot-plug, unless hardware implements Cold Presence
     Detection.

     hint.ahcich.X.sata_rev
     setting to nonzero value limits maximum SATA revision (speed).  Values 1, 2 and 3 are
     respectively 1.5, 3 and 6Gbps.

     hw.ahci.force
     setting to nonzero value forces driver attach to some known AHCI-capable chips even if they
     are configured for legacy IDE emulation.  Default is 1.

DESCRIPTION

     This driver provides the CAM(4) subsystem with native access to the SATA ports of AHCI-
     compatible controllers.  Each SATA port found is represented to CAM as a separate bus with
     one target, or, if HBA supports Port Multipliers, 16 targets.  Most of the bus-management
     details are handled by the SATA-specific transport of CAM.  Connected ATA disks are handled
     by the ATA protocol disk peripheral driver ada(4).  ATAPI devices are handled by the SCSI
     protocol peripheral drivers cd(4), da(4), sa(4), etc.

     Driver features include support for Serial ATA and ATAPI devices, Port Multipliers
     (including FIS-based switching, when supported), hardware command queues (up to 32 commands
     per port), Native Command Queuing, SATA interface Power Management, device hot-plug and
     Message Signaled Interrupts.

     Driver supports "LED" enclosure management messages, defined by the AHCI.  When supported by
     hardware, it allows to control per-port activity, locate and fault LEDs via the led(4) API
     or emulated ses(4) device for localization and status reporting purposes.  Supporting AHCI
     controllers may transmit that information to the backplane controllers via SGPIO interface.
     Backplane controllers interpret received statuses in some way (IBPI standard) to report them
     using present indicators.

HARDWARE

     The ahci driver supports AHCI compatible controllers having PCI class 1 (mass storage),
     subclass 6 (SATA) and programming interface 1 (AHCI).

     Also, in cooperation with atamarvell and atajmicron drivers of ata(4), it supports AHCI part
     of legacy-PATA + AHCI-SATA combined controllers, such as JMicron JMB36x and Marvell
     88SE61xx.

     The ahci driver also supports AHCI devices that act as PCI bridges for nvme(4) using Intel
     Rapid Storage Technology (RST).  To use the nvme(4) device, either one must set the SATA
     mode in the BIOS to AHCI (from RST), or one must accept the performance with RST enabled due
     to interrupt sharing.  FreeBSD will automatically detect AHCI devices with this extension
     that are in RST mode.  When that happens, ahci will attach nvme(4) children to the ahci(4)
     device.

FILES

     /dev/led/ahci*.*.act     activity LED device nodes

     /dev/led/ahci*.*.fault   fault LED device nodes

     /dev/led/ahci*.*.locate  locate LED device nodes

SYSCTL

     dev.ahcich.X.disable_phy
             Set to 1 to disable the phy for the drive on channel X.  Set to 0 to enable the phy.
             Useful for turning off troublemakers.  Also useful for debugging when you need the
             ada drive to come and go.

SEE ALSO

     ada(4), ata(4), cam(4), cd(4), da(4), sa(4), ses(4)

HISTORY

     The ahci driver first appeared in FreeBSD 8.0.

AUTHORS

     Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>