NAME

       usermod - verändert ein Benutzerkonto

ÜBERSICHT

       usermod [Optionen] ANMELDENAME

BESCHREIBUNG

       The usermod command modifies the system account files.

OPTIONEN

       The options which apply to the usermod command are:

       -a, --append
           Add the user to the supplementary group(s). Use only with the -G option.

       -b, --badname
           Allow names that do not conform to standards.

       -c, --comment COMMENT
           update the comment field of the user in /etc/passwd, which is normally modified using
           the chfn(1) utility.

       -d, --home HOME_DIR
           das neue Home-Verzeichnis des Benutzers

           If the -m option is given, the contents of the current home directory will be moved to
           the new home directory, which is created if it does not already exist. If the current
           home directory does not exist the new home directory will not be created.

       -e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE
           The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified in the
           format YYYY-MM-DD. Integers as input are interpreted as days after 1970-01-01.

           An input of -1 or an empty string will blank the account expiration field in the
           shadow password file. The account will remain available with no date limit.

           This option requires a /etc/shadow file. A /etc/shadow entry will be created if there
           were none.

       -f, --inactive INACTIVE
           defines the number of days after the password exceeded its maximum age during which
           the user may still login by immediately replacing the password. This grace period
           before the account becomes inactive is stored in the shadow password file. An input of
           0 will disable an expired password with no delay. An input of -1 will blank the
           respective field in the shadow password file. See shadow(5) for more information.

           This option requires a /etc/shadow file. A /etc/shadow entry will be created if there
           were none.

       -g, --gid GROUP
           The name or numerical ID of the user's new primary group. The group must exist.

           Jede Datei im Home-Verzeichnis des Benutzers, die der alten Hauptgruppe des Benutzers
           gehörte, wird dieser neuen Gruppe gehören.

           Die Gruppenzugehörigkeit von Dateien außerhalb des Home-Verzeichnisses des Benutzers
           muss per Hand angepasst werden.

           The change of the group ownership of files inside of the user's home directory is also
           not done if the home dir owner uid is different from the current or new user id. This
           is a safety measure for special home directories such as /.

       -G, --groups GROUP1[,GROUP2,...[,GROUPN]]]
           A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each group is
           separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. The groups must
           exist.

           If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user will be
           removed from the group. This behaviour can be changed via the -a option, which appends
           the user to the current supplementary group list.

       -l, --login NEW_LOGIN
           The name of the user will be changed from LOGIN to NEW_LOGIN. Nothing else is changed.
           In particular, the user's home directory or mail spool should probably be renamed
           manually to reflect the new login name.

       -L, --lock
           Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the encrypted password,
           effectively disabling the password. You can't use this option with -p or -U.

           Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you should
           also set the EXPIRE_DATE to 1.

       -m, --move-home
           moves the content of the user's home directory to the new location. If the current
           home directory does not exist the new home directory will not be created.

           This option is only valid in combination with the -d (or --home) option.

           usermod will try to adapt the ownership of the files and to copy the modes, ACL and
           extended attributes, but manual changes might be needed afterwards.

       -o, --non-unique
           allows to change the user ID to a non-unique value.

           This option is only valid in combination with the -u option. As a user identity serves
           as key to map between users on one hand and permissions, file ownerships and other
           aspects that determine the system's behavior on the other hand, more than one login
           name will access the account of the given UID.

       -p, --password PASSWORD
           defines a new password for the user. PASSWORD is expected to be encrypted, as returned
           by crypt (3).

           Note: Avoid this option on the command line because the password (or encrypted
           password) will be visible by users listing the processes.

           The password will be written in the local /etc/passwd or /etc/shadow file. This might
           differ from the password database configured in your PAM configuration.

           Sie sollten sicherstellen, dass das Passwort den Passwortrichtlinien des Systems
           entspricht.

       -r, --remove
           Remove the user from named supplementary group(s). Use only with the -G option.

       -R, --root CHROOT_DIR
           Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR directory and use the configuration files from the
           CHROOT_DIR directory. Only absolute paths are supported.

       -P, --prefix PREFIX_DIR
           Apply changes within the directory tree starting with PREFIX_DIR and use as well the
           configuration files located there. This option does not chroot and is intended for
           preparing a cross-compilation target. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are
           not verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support.

       -s, --shell SHELL
           changes the user's login shell. An empty string for SHELL blanks the field in
           /etc/passwd and logs the user into the system's default shell.

       -u, --uid UID
           The new value of the user's ID.

           This value must be unique, unless the -o option is used. The value must be
           non-negative.

           Für die Mailbox des Benutzers und alle Dateien, die ihm gehören und sich in seinem
           Home-Verzeichnis befinden, wird die ID des Eigentümers automatisch angepasst.

           Der Eigentümer von Dateien außerhalb des Home-Verzeichnisses des Benutzers muss per
           Hand angepasst werden.

           The change of the user ownership of files inside of the user's home directory is also
           not done if the home dir owner uid is different from the current or new user id. This
           is a safety measure for special home directories such as /.

           No checks will be performed with regard to the UID_MIN, UID_MAX, SYS_UID_MIN, or
           SYS_UID_MAX from /etc/login.defs.

       -U, --unlock
           Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the encrypted password. You
           can't use this option with -p or -L.

           Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), you should
           also set the EXPIRE_DATE (for example to 99999, or to the EXPIRE value from
           /etc/default/useradd).

       -v, --add-subuids FIRST-LAST
           Add a range of subordinate uids to the user's account.

           This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a user's
           account.

           No checks will be performed with regard to SUB_UID_MIN, SUB_UID_MAX, or SUB_UID_COUNT
           from /etc/login.defs.

       -V, --del-subuids FIRST-LAST
           Remove a range of subordinate uids from the user's account.

           This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a user's
           account. When both --del-subuids and --add-subuids are specified, the removal of all
           subordinate uid ranges happens before any subordinate uid range is added.

           No checks will be performed with regard to SUB_UID_MIN, SUB_UID_MAX, or SUB_UID_COUNT
           from /etc/login.defs.

       -w, --add-subgids FIRST-LAST
           Add a range of subordinate gids to the user's account.

           This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a user's
           account.

           No checks will be performed with regard to SUB_GID_MIN, SUB_GID_MAX, or SUB_GID_COUNT
           from /etc/login.defs.

       -W, --del-subgids FIRST-LAST
           Remove a range of subordinate gids from the user's account.

           This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a user's
           account. When both --del-subgids and --add-subgids are specified, the removal of all
           subordinate gid ranges happens before any subordinate gid range is added.

           No checks will be performed with regard to SUB_GID_MIN, SUB_GID_MAX, or SUB_GID_COUNT
           from /etc/login.defs.

       -Z, --selinux-user SEUSER
           defines the SELinux user to be mapped with LOGIN. An empty string ("") will remove the
           respective entry (if any). Note that the shadow system doesn't store the selinux-user,
           it uses semanage(8) for that.

WARNUNGEN

       You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes when this command
       is being executed if the user's numerical user ID, the user's name, or the user's home
       directory is being changed. usermod checks this on Linux. On other operating systems it
       only uses utmp to check if the user is logged in.

       You must change the owner of any crontab files or at jobs manually.

       Sie müssen alle Änderung in Bezug auf NIS auf dem NIS-Server vornehmen.

KONFIGURATION

       The following configuration variables in /etc/login.defs change the behavior of this tool:

DATEIEN

       /etc/group
           Group account information

       /etc/gshadow
           Secure group account informatio.

       /etc/login.defs
           Shadow password suite configuration

       /etc/passwd
           User account information

       /etc/shadow
           Secure user account information

       /etc/subgid
           Per user subordinate group IDs

       /etc/subuid
           Per user subordinate user IDs

SIEHE AUCH

       chfn(1), chsh(1), passwd(1), crypt(3), gpasswd(8), groupadd(8), groupdel(8), groupmod(8),
       login.defs(5), subgid(5), subuid(5), useradd(8), userdel(8).