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NAME
scp — OpenSSH secure file copy
SYNOPSIS
scp [-346ABCOpqRrsTv] [-c cipher] [-D sftp_server_path] [-F ssh_config] [-i identity_file]
[-J destination] [-l limit] [-o ssh_option] [-P port] [-S program] [-X sftp_option]
source ... target
DESCRIPTION
scp copies files between hosts on a network.
scp uses the SFTP protocol over a ssh(1) connection for data transfer, and uses the same
authentication and provides the same security as a login session.
scp will ask for passwords or passphrases if they are needed for authentication.
The source and target may be specified as a local pathname, a remote host with optional path
in the form [user@]host:[path], or a URI in the form scp://[user@]host[:port][/path]. Local
file names can be made explicit using absolute or relative pathnames to avoid scp treating
file names containing ‘:’ as host specifiers.
When copying between two remote hosts, if the URI format is used, a port cannot be specified
on the target if the -R option is used.
The options are as follows:
-3 Copies between two remote hosts are transferred through the local host. Without
this option the data is copied directly between the two remote hosts. Note that,
when using the legacy SCP protocol (via the -O flag), this option selects batch mode
for the second host as scp cannot ask for passwords or passphrases for both hosts.
This mode is the default.
-4 Forces scp to use IPv4 addresses only.
-6 Forces scp to use IPv6 addresses only.
-A Allows forwarding of ssh-agent(1) to the remote system. The default is not to
forward an authentication agent.
-B Selects batch mode (prevents asking for passwords or passphrases).
-C Compression enable. Passes the -C flag to ssh(1) to enable compression.
-c cipher
Selects the cipher to use for encrypting the data transfer. This option is directly
passed to ssh(1).
-D sftp_server_path
Connect directly to a local SFTP server program rather than a remote one via ssh(1).
This option may be useful in debugging the client and server.
-F ssh_config
Specifies an alternative per-user configuration file for ssh. This option is
directly passed to ssh(1).
-i identity_file
Selects the file from which the identity (private key) for public key authentication
is read. This option is directly passed to ssh(1).
-J destination
Connect to the target host by first making an scp connection to the jump host
described by destination and then establishing a TCP forwarding to the ultimate
destination from there. Multiple jump hops may be specified separated by comma
characters. This is a shortcut to specify a ProxyJump configuration directive.
This option is directly passed to ssh(1).
-l limit
Limits the used bandwidth, specified in Kbit/s.
-O Use the legacy SCP protocol for file transfers instead of the SFTP protocol.
Forcing the use of the SCP protocol may be necessary for servers that do not
implement SFTP, for backwards-compatibility for particular filename wildcard
patterns and for expanding paths with a ‘~’ prefix for older SFTP servers.
-o ssh_option
Can be used to pass options to ssh in the format used in ssh_config(5). This is
useful for specifying options for which there is no separate scp command-line flag.
For full details of the options listed below, and their possible values, see
ssh_config(5).
AddressFamily
BatchMode
BindAddress
BindInterface
CanonicalDomains
CanonicalizeFallbackLocal
CanonicalizeHostname
CanonicalizeMaxDots
CanonicalizePermittedCNAMEs
CASignatureAlgorithms
CertificateFile
CheckHostIP
Ciphers
Compression
ConnectionAttempts
ConnectTimeout
ControlMaster
ControlPath
ControlPersist
GlobalKnownHostsFile
GSSAPIAuthentication
GSSAPIDelegateCredentials
HashKnownHosts
Host
HostbasedAcceptedAlgorithms
HostbasedAuthentication
HostKeyAlgorithms
HostKeyAlias
Hostname
IdentitiesOnly
IdentityAgent
IdentityFile
IPQoS
KbdInteractiveAuthentication
KbdInteractiveDevices
KexAlgorithms
KnownHostsCommand
LogLevel
MACs
NoHostAuthenticationForLocalhost
NumberOfPasswordPrompts
PasswordAuthentication
PKCS11Provider
Port
PreferredAuthentications
ProxyCommand
ProxyJump
PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms
PubkeyAuthentication
RekeyLimit
RequiredRSASize
SendEnv
ServerAliveInterval
ServerAliveCountMax
SetEnv
StrictHostKeyChecking
TCPKeepAlive
UpdateHostKeys
User
UserKnownHostsFile
VerifyHostKeyDNS
-P port
Specifies the port to connect to on the remote host. Note that this option is
written with a capital ‘P’, because -p is already reserved for preserving the times
and mode bits of the file.
-p Preserves modification times, access times, and file mode bits from the source file.
-q Quiet mode: disables the progress meter as well as warning and diagnostic messages
from ssh(1).
-R Copies between two remote hosts are performed by connecting to the origin host and
executing scp there. This requires that scp running on the origin host can
authenticate to the destination host without requiring a password.
-r Recursively copy entire directories. Note that scp follows symbolic links
encountered in the tree traversal.
-S program
Name of program to use for the encrypted connection. The program must understand
ssh(1) options.
-T Disable strict filename checking. By default when copying files from a remote host
to a local directory scp checks that the received filenames match those requested on
the command-line to prevent the remote end from sending unexpected or unwanted
files. Because of differences in how various operating systems and shells interpret
filename wildcards, these checks may cause wanted files to be rejected. This option
disables these checks at the expense of fully trusting that the server will not send
unexpected filenames.
-v Verbose mode. Causes scp and ssh(1) to print debugging messages about their
progress. This is helpful in debugging connection, authentication, and
configuration problems.
-X sftp_option
Specify an option that controls aspects of SFTP protocol behaviour. The valid
options are:
nrequests=value
Controls how many concurrent SFTP read or write requests may be in progress
at any point in time during a download or upload. By default 64 requests
may be active concurrently.
buffer=value
Controls the maximum buffer size for a single SFTP read/write operation used
during download or upload. By default a 32KB buffer is used.
EXIT STATUS
The scp utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.
SEE ALSO
sftp(1), ssh(1), ssh-add(1), ssh-agent(1), ssh-keygen(1), ssh_config(5), sftp-server(8),
sshd(8)
HISTORY
scp is based on the rcp program in BSD source code from the Regents of the University of
California.
Since OpenSSH 9.0, scp has used the SFTP protocol for transfers by default.
AUTHORS
Timo Rinne <tri@iki.fi>
Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
CAVEATS
The legacy SCP protocol (selected by the -O flag) requires execution of the remote user's
shell to perform glob(3) pattern matching. This requires careful quoting of any characters
that have special meaning to the remote shell, such as quote characters.