Provided by: autofs_5.1.9-1ubuntu4_amd64 bug

NAME

       autofs - Format of the automounter maps

DESCRIPTION

       The  automounter  maps are FILE, NIS, NISPLUS or LDAP (including LDAP via SSS) referred to
       by the master map of the automounter (see auto.master(5)).  These maps describe  how  file
       systems  below  the  mount  point  of the map (given in the master map) are to be mounted.
       This page describes the sun map format; if  another  map  format,  other  than  amd  ,  is
       specified (e.g. hesiod), this documentation does not apply.

       Indirect  maps,  except  for  the  internal  hosts  map, can be changed on the fly and the
       automouter will recognize those changes on the next operation it  performs  on  that  map.
       Direct  maps  require a HUP signal be sent to the daemon to refresh their contents as does
       the master map.

SUN FORMAT

       This is a description of the text file format.  Other methods of  specifying  these  files
       may exist.  All empty lines or lines beginning with # are ignored. The basic format of one
       line in such maps is:

       key [-options] location

       key
              For indirect mounts this is the part of the path name between the mount  point  and
              the  path  into  the filesystem when it is mounted. Usually you can think about the
              key as a sub-directory name below the autofs managed mount point.

              For direct mounts this is the full path of each mount point.  This  map  is  always
              associated with the /- mount point in the master map.

       options
              Zero  or  more  options may be given.  Options can also be given in the auto.master
              file in which case both values are cumulative (this is a  difference  from  SunOS).
              The  options  are  a  list of comma separated options as customary for the mount(8)
              command.

              There are several special options

              -fstype=
                     is used to specify a filesystem type if the filesystem is not of the default
                     NFS  type.  This option is processed by the automounter and not by the mount
                     command.

              -strict
                     is used to treat errors  when  mounting  file  systems  as  fatal.  This  is
                     important  when multiple file systems should be mounted (`multi-mounts'). If
                     this option is given, no file system is mounted at all if at least one  file
                     system can't be mounted.

              -use-weight-only
                     is  used  to  make  the  weight  the  sole factor in selecting a server when
                     multiple servers are present in a map entry.

              -no-use-weight-only
                     can be used to negate the option if it is present in the  master  map  entry
                     for the map but is not wanted for the given mount.

       location
              The  location  specifies  from where the file system is to be mounted.  In the most
              cases this will be an NFS volume and the usual notation host:pathname  is  used  to
              indicate  the  remote  filesystem  and path to be mounted.  If the filesystem to be
              mounted begins with a / (such as local /dev entries or smbfs shares) a :  needs  to
              be prefixed (e.g.  :/dev/sda1).

EXAMPLE

       Indirect map:

         kernel    -ro,soft            ftp.kernel.org:/pub/linux
         boot      -fstype=ext2        :/dev/hda1
         windoze   -fstype=smbfs       ://windoze/c
         removable -fstype=ext2        :/dev/hdd
         cd        -fstype=iso9660,ro  :/dev/hdc
         floppy    -fstype=auto        :/dev/fd0
         server    -rw,hard            / -ro myserver.me.org:/ \
                                       /usr myserver.me.org:/usr \
                                       /home myserver.me.org:/home

       In  the  first  line we have a NFS remote mount of the kernel directory on ftp.kernel.org.
       This is mounted read-only.  The second line mounts an ext2 volume from a local ide  drive.
       The  third  makes a share exported from a Windows machine available for automounting.  The
       rest should be fairly self-explanatory. The last  entry  (the  last  three  lines)  is  an
       example of a multi-map (see below).

       If  you use the automounter for a filesystem without access permissions (like vfat), users
       usually can't write on such a filesystem because it is mounted  as  user  root.   You  can
       solve  this  problem  by  passing the option gid=<gid>, e.g. gid=floppy. The filesystem is
       then mounted as group floppy instead of root. Then you can add the users  to  this  group,
       and they can write to the filesystem. Here's an example entry for an autofs map:

         floppy-vfat  -fstype=vfat,sync,gid=floppy,umask=002  :/dev/fd0

       Direct map:

         /nfs/apps/mozilla             bogus:/usr/local/moxill
         /nfs/data/budgets             tiger:/usr/local/budgets
         /tst/sbin                     bogus:/usr/sbin

FEATURES

   Map Key Substitution
       An  & character in the location is expanded to the value of the key field that matched the
       line (which probably only makes sense together with a wildcard key).

   Wildcard Key
       A map key of * denotes a wild-card entry. This entry is consulted  if  the  specified  key
       does not exist in the map.  A typical wild-card entry looks like this:

         *         server:/export/home/&

       The special character '&' will be replaced by the provided key.  So, in the example above,
       a lookup for the key 'foo' would yield a mount of server:/export/home/foo.

   Variable Substitution
       The following  special  variables  will  be  substituted  in  the  location  field  of  an
       automounter map entry if prefixed with $ as customary from shell scripts (curly braces can
       be used to separate the field name):

         ARCH           Architecture (uname -m)
         CPU            Processor Type
         HOST           Hostname (uname -n)
         OSNAME         Operating System (uname -s)
         OSREL          Release of OS (uname -r)
         OSVERS         Version of OS (uname -v)

       autofs provides additional variables that are set based on the user requesting the mount:

         USER           The user login name
         UID            The user login ID
         GROUP          The user group name
         GID            The user group ID
         HOME           The user home directory
         SHOST          Short hostname (domain part removed if present)

       If a program map is used these standard  environment  variables  will  have  a  prefix  of
       "AUTOFS_" to prevent interpreted languages like python from being able to load and execute
       arbitrary code from a user home directory.

       Additional entries can be defined with the -Dvariable=Value map-option to automount(8).

   Executable Maps
       A map can be marked as executable. A program map  will  be  called  with  the  key  as  an
       argument.   It  may  return  no  lines of output if there's an error, or one or more lines
       containing a map entry (with \ quoting line breaks). The map  entry  corresponds  to  what
       would normally follow a map key.

       An  executable  map  can  return  an  error code to indicate the failure in addition to no
       output at all.  All output sent to stderr is logged into the system logs.

   Multiple Mounts
       A multi-mount map can be used to name multiple filesystems to mount.  It takes the form:

         key [ -options ] [[/] location [/relative-mount-point [ -options ] location...]...

       This may extend over multiple lines, quoting the line-breaks with `\ยด.   If  present,  the
       per-mountpoint mount-options are appended to the default mount-options. This behaviour may
       be overridden by the append_options configuration setting.

   Replicated Server
       A mount location can specify multiple hosts for a location, portentially with a  different
       export path for the same file system. Historically these different locations are read-only
       and provide the same replicated file system.

         Multiple replicated hosts, same path:
         <path> host1,host2,hostn:/path/path

         Multiple hosts, some with same path, some with another
         <path> host1,host2:/blah host3:/some/other/path

         Multiple replicated hosts, different (potentially) paths:
         <path> host1:/path/pathA host2:/path/pathB

         Multiple weighted, replicated hosts same path:
         <path> host1(5),host2(6),host3(1):/path/path

         Multiple weighted, replicated hosts different (potentially) paths:
         <path> host1(3):/path/pathA host2(5):/path/pathB

         Anything else is questionable and unsupported, but these variations will also work:
         <path> host1(3),host:/blah

UNSUPPORTED

       This version of the automounter supports direct maps stored in FILE, NIS, NISPLUS and LDAP
       (including LDAP via SSS) only.

AMD FORMAT

       This  is  a  description  of  the  text file format. Other methods of specifying mount map
       entries may be required for different map sources.  All empty  lines  or  lines  beginning
       with # are ignored. The basic format of one line in such maps is:

       key location-list

       key
              A  key  is  a  path (or a single path component alone) that may end in the wildcard
              key, "*", or the wildcard key alone and must not begin with the "/" character.

       location-list
              Following the key is a mount location-list.

       A location-list list has the following syntax:

       location[ location[ ... ]] [|| location[ location[ ... ]]

       A mount location-list can use the cut operator, ||, to specify locations  that  should  be
       tried if none of the locations to the left of it where selected for a mount attempt.

       A  mount location consists of an optional colon separated list of selectors, followed by a
       colon separated list of option:=value pairs.

       The selectors that may be used return a value or boolean  result.   Those  that  return  a
       value  may  be  to  used  with  the comparison operators == and != and those that return a
       boolean result may be negated with the !.

       For a location to be selected for a mount attempt all of its selectors  must  evaluate  to
       true.  If  a location is selected for a mount attempt and succeeds the lookup is completed
       and returns success. If the mount attempt fails the  procedure  continues  with  the  next
       location until they have all been tried.

       In  addition,  some  selectors  take no arguments, some one argument and others optionally
       take two arguments.

       The selectors that take no arguments are:

              arch
                     The machine architecture which, if not set in the configuration, is obtained
                     using uname(2).

              karch
                     The  machine  kernel architecture which, if not set in the configuration, is
                     obtained using uname(2).

              os
                     The operating system name, if not set  in  the  configuration,  is  obtained
                     using uname(2).

              osver
                     The  operating  system version, if not set in the configuration, is obtained
                     using uname(2).

              full_os
                     The full operating system  name,  if  not  set  in  the  configuration  this
                     selector has no value.

              vendor
                     The  operating  system  vendor  name,  if  not set in the configuration this
                     selector has the value "unknown".

              byte
                     The endianness of the hardware.

              cluster
                     The name of the local cluster. It has a value only  if  it  is  set  in  the
                     configuration.

              autodir
                     The base path under which external mounts are done if they are needed.  Most
                     mounts are done in place but some can't be and this is the base  path  under
                     which those mounts will be done.

              domain
                     The  local  domain  name. It is set to the value of the configuration option
                     sub_domain. If sub_domain is not given in the configuration it is set to the
                     domain part of the local host name, as given by gethostname(2).

              host
                     The local host name, without the domain part, as given by gethostname(2).

              hostd
                     The  full host name. If sub_domain is given in the configuration this is set
                     to the contatenation of host and sub_domain deperated by a .. If  sub_domain
                     is  not  set  in  the  configuration  the value of domain is used instead of
                     sub_domain.

              uid
                     The numeric value of the uid of the user that  first  requested  the  mount.
                     Note  this is usual the same as that used by amd but can be different within
                     autofs.

              gid
                     The numeric value of the gid of the user that  first  requested  the  mount.
                     Note  this is usual the same as that used by amd but can be different within
                     autofs.

              key
                     The string value of the key being looked up.

              map
                     The string value of the map name used to lookup keys.

              path
                     The string value of the full path to the mount being requested.

              dollar
                     Evaluates to the string "$".

       The selectors that take one argument are:

              in_network(network) ,  network(network) ,  netnumber(network) ,  wire(network)
                     These selectors are all the same. in_network() is the preferred  usage.  The
                     network  argument is an address (which may include a subnet mask) or network
                     name. The function compares network against each interface and returns  true
                     if network belongs to the network the interface is connected to.

              xhost(hostname)
                     The  xhost()  selector  compares  hostname  to the ${host} and if it doesn't
                     match it attempts to lookup the cannonical name of hostname and compares  it
                     to ${host} as well.

              exists(filename)
                     Returns true if filename exits as determined by lstat(2).

              true()
                     Evaluates to true, the argument is ignored and may be empty.

              false()
                     Evaluates to false, the argument is ignored and may be empty.

       The selectors that take up to two arguments are:

              netgrp(netgroup[,hostname])
                     The  netgrp()  selector returns true if hostname is a member of the netgroup
                     netgroup. If hostname is not given ${host} is used for the comparison.

              netgrpd(netgroup[,hostname])
                     The netgrpd()i selector behaves the same as netgrp() except that if hostname
                     is  not  given  ${hostd},  the  fully qualified hostname, is used instead of
                     ${host}.

       The options that may be used are:

              type
                     This is the mount filesystem type.  It can  have  a  value  of  auto,  link,
                     linkx, host, lofs, ext2-4, xfs, nfs, nfsl or cdfs.  Other types that are not
                     yet implemented or are not  available  in  autofs  are  nfsx,  lustre,  jfs,
                     program, cachefs and direct.

              maptype
                     The maptype option specifies the type of the map source and can have a value
                     of file, nis, nisplus, exec, ldap or hesiod.  Map  sources  either  not  yet
                     implemented or not available in autofs are sss, ndbm, passwd and union.

              fs
                     The  option  fs is used to specify the local filesystem. The meaning of this
                     option (and whether or not it is used) is dependent on the mount  filesystem
                     type.

              rhost
                     The remote host name for network mount requests.

              rfs
                     The remote host filesystem path for network mount requests.

              dev
                     Must resolve to the device file for local device mount requests.

              sublink
                     The  sublink  option  is  used  to  specify  a subdirectory within the mount
                     location to which this entry will point.

              pref
                     The pref option is used to specify a prefix that is prepended to the  lookup
                     key before looking up the map entry key.

              opts
                     The  opts  option is used to specify mount options to be used for the mount.
                     If a "-" is given it is ignored.  Options that may be used are dependent  on
                     the mount filesystem.

              addopts
                     The  addopts  option  is  used  to  specify additional mount options used in
                     addition to the default mount options for the mount location.

              remopts
                     The addopts option is used to specify mount options used instead the options
                     given in opts when the mount location is on a remote retwork.

       A number of options aren't available or aren't yet implemented
              within autofs, these are:

              cache
                     The  cache  option  isn't used by autofs. The map entry cache is continually
                     updated and stale entries cleaned on re-load when map changes  are  detected
                     so  these configuration entries are not used.  The regex map key matching is
                     not implemented and may not be due to the potential overhead of the full map
                     scans needed on every key lookup.

              cachedir
                     The cachefs filesystem is not available on Linux, a different implementation
                     is used for caching network mounted file systems.

              mount ,  unmount ,  umount
                     These options are used by the amd  program  mount  type  which  is  not  yet
                     implemented.

              delay
                     This option is not used by the autofs implementation and is ignored.

FEATURES

   Key Matching
       The amd parser key matching is unusual.

       The key string to be looked up is constructed by prepending the prefix, if there is one.

       The  resulting  relative  path  string  is matched by first trying the sting itself. If no
       match is found the last component of the key string is replaced with  the  wildcard  match
       character ("*") and a wildcard match is attempted. This process continues until a match is
       found or until the last match, against the wildcard match key alone, fails to match a  map
       entry and the key lookup fails.

   Macro Usage
       Macros are used a lot in the autofs amd implementation.

       Many  of  the  option  values  are set as macro variables corresponding to the option name
       during the map entry parse. So they may  be  used  in  subsequent  option  values.  Beware
       though,  the  order in which option values is not necessarily left to right so you may get
       unexpected results.

EXAMPLE

       Example NFS mount map:

       Assuming we have the autofs master map entry:

         /test     file,amd:/etc/amd.test

       And the following map in /etc/amd.test:

         /defaults type:=nfs;rhost:=bilbo
         apps      rfs:=/autofs
         util      rhost:=zeus;rfs:=/work/util
         local     rfs:=/shared;sublink:=local

       In the first line we have an NFS remote mount of the exported directory /autofs from  host
       bilbo  which  would  be  mounted  on  /test/apps.  Next another nfs mount for the exported
       directory /work/util from host zeus.  This would be mounted on /test/util.

       Finally, we have an example of the use of the sublink option. In this case the  filesystem
       bilbo:/shared  would  be  mounted  on  a  path external the automount directory (under the
       directory given  by  configuration  option  auto_dir)  and  the  path  /test/local  either
       symlinked  or  bind  mounted  (depending  on  the  setting autofs_use_lofs) to the "local"
       subdirectory of the external mount.

NOTES

       To be able to use IPv6 within autofs maps the package must be build to  use  the  libtirpc
       library  for  its RPC communications. This is because the glibc RPC implementation doesn't
       support IPv6 and is deprecated so this is not likely to change.

SEE ALSO

       automount(8),       auto.master(5),       autofs(8),       autofs.conf(5),       mount(8),
       autofs_ldap_auth.conf(5).

AUTHOR

       This  manual  page  was  written  by  Christoph Lameter <chris@waterf.org>, for the Debian
       GNU/Linux system.  Edited by  H.  Peter  Avian  <hpa@transmeta.com>,  Jeremy  Fitzhardinge
       <jeremy@goop.org> and Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>.

                                            9 Feb 2014                                  AUTOFS(5)