Ubuntu Manpage: systemd.scope - Scope unit configuration

Provided by: systemd_255.4-1ubuntu8.4_amd64

NAME

       systemd.scope - Scope unit configuration

SYNOPSIS

       scope.scope

DESCRIPTION

Scope units are not configured via unit configuration files, but are only created
programmatically using the bus interfaces of systemd. They are named similar to filenames.
A unit whose name ends in ".scope" refers to a scope unit. Scopes units manage a set of
system processes. Unlike service units, scope units manage externally created processes,
and do not fork off processes on its own.

The main purpose of scope units is grouping worker processes of a system service for
organization and for managing resources.

systemd-run --scope may be used to easily launch a command in a new scope unit from the
command line.

See the New Control Group Interfaces[1] for an introduction on how to make use of scope
units from programs.

Note that, unlike service units, scope units have no "main" process: all processes in the
scope are equivalent. The lifecycle of the scope unit is thus not bound to the lifetime of
one specific process, but to the existence of at least one process in the scope. This also
means that the exit statuses of these processes are not relevant for the scope unit
failure state. Scope units may still enter a failure state, for example due to resource
exhaustion or stop timeouts being reached, but not due to programs inside of them
terminating uncleanly. Since processes managed as scope units generally remain children of
the original process that forked them off, it is also the job of that process to collect
their exit statuses and act on them as needed.

AUTOMATIC DEPENDENCIES

   Implicit Dependencies
       Implicit dependencies may be added as result of resource control parameters as documented
       in systemd.resource-control(5).

   Default Dependencies
       The following dependencies are added unless DefaultDependencies=no is set:

       •   Scope units will automatically have dependencies of type Conflicts= and Before= on
           shutdown.target. These ensure that scope units are removed prior to system shutdown.
           Only scope units involved with early boot or late system shutdown should disable
           DefaultDependencies= option.

OPTIONS

Scope files may include a [Unit] section, which is described in systemd.unit(5).

Scope files may include a [Scope] section, which carries information about the scope and
the units it contains. A number of options that may be used in this section are shared
with other unit types. These options are documented in systemd.kill(5) and
systemd.resource-control(5). The options specific to the [Scope] section of scope units
are the following:

OOMPolicy=
Configure the out-of-memory (OOM) killing policy for the kernel and the userspace OOM
killer systemd-oomd.service(8). On Linux, when memory becomes scarce to the point that
the kernel has trouble allocating memory for itself, it might decide to kill a running
process in order to free up memory and reduce memory pressure. Note that
systemd-oomd.service is a more flexible solution that aims to prevent out-of-memory
situations for the userspace too, not just the kernel, by attempting to terminate
services earlier, before the kernel would have to act.

This setting takes one of continue, stop or kill. If set to continue and a process in
the unit is killed by the OOM killer, this is logged but the unit continues running.
If set to stop the event is logged but the unit is terminated cleanly by the service
manager. If set to kill and one of the unit's processes is killed by the OOM killer
the kernel is instructed to kill all remaining processes of the unit too, by setting
the memory.oom.group attribute to 1; also see kernel page Control Group v2[2].

Defaults to the setting DefaultOOMPolicy= in systemd-system.conf(5) is set to, except
for units where Delegate= is turned on, where it defaults to continue.

Use the OOMScoreAdjust= setting to configure whether processes of the unit shall be
considered preferred or less preferred candidates for process termination by the Linux
OOM killer logic. See systemd.exec(5) for details.

This setting also applies to systemd-oomd.service(8). Similarly to the kernel OOM
kills performed by the kernel, this setting determines the state of the unit after
systemd-oomd kills a cgroup associated with it.

Added in version 243.

RuntimeMaxSec=
Configures a maximum time for the scope to run. If this is used and the scope has been
active for longer than the specified time it is terminated and put into a failure
state. Pass "infinity" (the default) to configure no runtime limit.

Added in version 244.

RuntimeRandomizedExtraSec=
This option modifies RuntimeMaxSec= by increasing the maximum runtime by an evenly
distributed duration between 0 and the specified value (in seconds). If RuntimeMaxSec=
is unspecified, then this feature will be disabled.

Added in version 250.

Check systemd.unit(5), systemd.exec(5), and systemd.kill(5) for more settings.

NOTES