NAME

       ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files

SYNOPSIS

        use Fcntl;   # For O_RDWR, O_CREAT, etc.
        use ODBM_File;

         # Now read and change the hash
         $h{newkey} = newvalue;
         print $h{oldkey};
         ...

         untie %h;

DESCRIPTION

       "ODBM_File" establishes a connection between a Perl hash variable and a file in ODBM_File format;.  You
       can manipulate the data in the file just as if it were in a Perl hash, but when your program exits, the
       data will remain in the file, to be used the next time your program runs.

       Use "ODBM_File" with the Perl built-in "tie" function to establish the connection between the variable
       and the file.  The arguments to "tie" should be:

       1.  The hash variable you want to tie.

       2.  The string "ODBM_File".  (Ths tells Perl to use the "ODBM_File" package to perform the functions of
           the hash.)

       3.  The name of the file you want to tie to the hash.

       4.  Flags.  Use one of:

           "O_RDONLY"
             Read-only access to the data in the file.

           "O_WRONLY"
             Write-only access to the data in the file.

           "O_RDWR"
             Both read and write access.

           If you want to create the file if it does not exist, add "O_CREAT" to any of these, as in the
           example.  If you omit "O_CREAT" and the file does not already exist, the "tie" call will fail.

       5.  The default permissions to use if a new file is created.  The actual permissions will be modified by
           the user's umask, so you should probably use 0666 here. (See "umask" in perlfunc.)

DIAGNOSTICS

       On failure, the "tie" call returns an undefined value and probably sets $! to contain the reason the file
       could not be tied.

   "odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ..."
       This warning is emitted when you try to store a key or a value that is too long.  It means that the
       change was not recorded in the database.  See BUGS AND WARNINGS below.

SECURITY AND PORTABILITY

       Do not accept ODBM files from untrusted sources.

       On modern Linux systems these are typically GDBM files, which are not portable across platforms.

       The GDBM documentation doesn't imply that files from untrusted sources can be safely used with "libgdbm".

       Systems that don't use GDBM compatibilty for old dbm support will be using a platform specific library,
       possibly inherited from BSD systems, where it may or may not be safe to use an untrusted file.

       A maliciously crafted file might cause perl to crash or even expose a security vulnerability.

BUGS AND WARNINGS

       There are a number of limits on the size of the data that you can store in the ODBM file.  The most
       important is that the length of a key, plus the length of its associated value, may not exceed 1008
       bytes.

       See "tie" in perlfunc, perldbmfilter, Fcntl