Provided by: crmsh_4.6.0-1ubuntu2_all 
NAME
crm - Pacemaker command line interface for configuration and management
SYNOPSIS
crm [OPTIONS] [SUBCOMMAND ARGS...]
DESCRIPTION
The crm shell is a command-line based cluster configuration and management tool. Its goal is to assist as
much as possible with the configuration and maintenance of Pacemaker-based High Availability clusters.
For more information on Pacemaker itself, see http://clusterlabs.org/.
crm works both as a command-line tool to be called directly from the system shell, and as an interactive
shell with extensive tab completion and help.
The primary focus of the crm shell is to provide a simplified and consistent interface to Pacemaker, but
it also provides tools for managing the creation and configuration of High Availability clusters from
scratch. To learn more about this aspect of crm, see the cluster section below.
The crm shell can be used to manage every aspect of configuring and maintaining a cluster. It provides a
simplified line-based syntax on top of the XML configuration format used by Pacemaker, commands for
starting and stopping resources, tools for exploring the history of a cluster including log scraping and
a set of cluster scripts useful for automating the setup and installation of services on the cluster
nodes.
The crm shell is line oriented: every command must start and finish on the same line. It is possible to
use a continuation character (\) to write one command in two or more lines. The continuation character is
commonly used when displaying configurations.
OPTIONS
-f, --file=FILE
Load commands from the given file. If a dash - is used in place of a file name, crm will read
commands from the shell standard input (stdin).
-c, --cib=CIB
Start the session using the given shadow CIB file. Equivalent to cib use <CIB>.
-D, --display=OUTPUT_TYPE
Choose one of the output options: plain, color-always, color, or uppercase. The default is color if
the terminal emulation supports colors. Otherwise, plain is used.
-F, --force
Make crm proceed with applying changes where it would normally ask the user to confirm before
proceeding. This option is mainly useful in scripts, and should be used with care.
-w, --wait
Make crm wait for the cluster transition to finish (for the changes to take effect) after each
processed line.
-H, --history=DIR|FILE|SESSION
A directory or file containing a cluster report to load into the history commands, or the name of a
previously saved history session.
-h, --help
Print help page.
--version
Print crmsh version and build information (Mercurial Hg changeset hash).
-d, --debug
Print verbose debugging information.
-R, --regression-tests
Enables extra verbose trace logging used by the regression tests. Logs all external calls made by
crmsh.
--scriptdir=DIR
Extra directory where crm looks for cluster scripts, or a list of directories separated by
semi-colons (e.g. /dir1;/dir2;etc.).
-o, --opt=OPTION=VALUE
Set crmsh option temporarily. If the options are saved using options save then the value passed here
will also be saved. Multiple options can be set by using -o multiple times.
INTRODUCTION
This section of the user guide covers general topics about the user interface and describes some of the
features of crmsh in detail.
User interface
The main purpose of crmsh is to provide a simple yet powerful interface to the cluster stack. There are
two main modes of operation with the user interface of crmsh:
• Command line (single-shot) use - Use crm as a regular UNIX command from your usual shell. crm has
full bash completion built in, so using it in this manner should be as comfortable and familiar as
using any other command-line tool.
• Interactive mode - By calling crm without arguments, or by calling it with only a sublevel as
argument, crm enters the interactive mode. In this mode, it acts as its own command shell, which
remembers which sublevel you are currently in and allows for rapid and convenient execution of
multiple commands within the same sublevel. This mode also has full tab completion, as well as
built-in interactive help and syntax highlighting.
Here are a few examples of using crm both as a command-line tool and as an interactive shell:
Command line (one-shot) use:.
# crm resource stop www_app
Interactive use:.
# crm
crm(live)# resource
crm(live)resource# unmanage tetris_1
crm(live)resource# up
crm(live)# node standby node4
Cluster configuration:.
# crm configure<<EOF
#
# resources
#
primitive disk0 iscsi \
params portal=192.168.2.108:3260 target=iqn.2008-07.com.suse:disk0
primitive fs0 Filesystem \
params device=/dev/disk/by-label/disk0 directory=/disk0 fstype=ext3
primitive internal_ip IPaddr params ip=192.168.1.101
primitive apache apache \
params configfile=/disk0/etc/apache2/site0.conf
primitive apcfence stonith:apcsmart \
params ttydev=/dev/ttyS0 hostlist="node1 node2" \
op start timeout=60s
primitive pingd ocf:pacemaker:ping \
params name=pingd dampen=5s multiplier=100 host_list="r1 r2"
#
# monitor apache and the UPS
#
monitor apache 60s:30s
monitor apcfence 120m:60s
#
# cluster layout
#
group internal_www \
disk0 fs0 internal_ip apache
clone fence apcfence \
meta globally-unique=false clone-max=2 clone-node-max=1
clone conn pingd \
meta globally-unique=false clone-max=2 clone-node-max=1
location node_pref internal_www \
rule 50: #uname eq node1 \
rule pingd: defined pingd
#
# cluster properties
#
property stonith-enabled=true
commit
EOF
The crm interface is hierarchical, with commands organized into separate levels by functionality. To list
the available levels and commands, either execute help <level>, or, if at the top level of the shell,
simply typing help will provide an overview of all available levels and commands.
The (live) string in the crm prompt signifies that the current CIB in use is the cluster live
configuration. It is also possible to work with so-called shadow CIBs. These are separate, inactive
configurations stored in files, that can be applied and thereby replace the live configuration at any
time.
Tab completion
The crm makes extensive use of tab completion. The completion is both static (i.e. for crm commands) and
dynamic. The latter takes into account the current status of the cluster or information from installed
resource agents. Sometimes, completion may also be used to get short help on resource parameters. Here
are a few examples:
crm(live)resource# <TAB><TAB>
ban demote maintenance param scores trace
cd failcount manage promote secret unmanage
cleanup help meta quit start untrace
clear locate move refresh status up
constraints ls operations restart stop utilization
crm(live)configure# primitive fence-1 <TAB><TAB>
lsb: ocf: service: stonith: systemd:
crm(live)configure# primitive fence-1 stonith:<TAB><TAB>
apcmaster external/ippower9258 fence_legacy
apcmastersnmp external/kdumpcheck ibmhmc
apcsmart external/libvirt ipmilan
crm(live)configure# primitive fence-1 stonith:ipmilan params <TAB><TAB>
auth= hostname= ipaddr= login= password= port= priv=
crm(live)configure# primitive fence-1 stonith:ipmilan params auth=<TAB><TAB>
auth* (string)
The authorization type of the IPMI session ("none", "straight", "md2", or "md5")
crmsh also comes with bash completion usable directly from the system shell. This should be installed
automatically with the command itself.
Shorthand syntax
When using the crm shell to manage clusters, you will end up typing a lot of commands many times over.
Clear command names like configure help in understanding and learning to use the cluster shell, but is
easy to misspell and is tedious to type repeatedly. The interactive mode and tab completion both help
with this, but the crm shell also has the ability to understand a variety of shorthand aliases for all of
the commands.
For example, instead of typing crm status, you can type crm st or crm stat. Instead of crm configure you
can type crm cfg or even crm cf. crm resource can be shorted as crm rsc, and so on.
The exact list of accepted aliases is too long to print in full, but experimentation and typos should
help in discovering more of them.
FEATURES
The feature set of crmsh covers a wide range of functionality, and understanding how and when to use the
various features of the shell can be difficult. This section of the guide describes some of the features
and use cases of crmsh in more depth. The intention is to provide a deeper understanding of these
features, but also to serve as a guide to using them.
Shadow CIB usage
A Shadow CIB is a normal cluster configuration stored in a file. They may be manipulated in much the same
way as the live CIB, with the key difference that changes to a shadow CIB have no effect on the actual
cluster resources. An administrator may choose to apply any of them to the cluster, thus replacing the
running configuration with the one found in the shadow CIB.
The crm prompt always contains the name of the configuration which is currently in use, or the string
live if using the live cluster configuration.
When editing the configuration in the configure level, no changes are actually applied until the commit
command is executed. It is possible to start editing a configuration as usual, but instead of committing
the changes to the active CIB, save them to a shadow CIB.
The following example configure session demonstrates how this can be done:
crm(live)configure# cib new test-2
INFO: test-2 shadow CIB created
crm(test-2)configure# commit
Configuration semantic checks
Resource definitions may be checked against the meta-data provided with the resource agents. These checks
are currently carried out:
• are required parameters set
• existence of defined parameters
• timeout values for operations
The parameter checks are obvious and need no further explanation. Failures in these checks are treated as
configuration errors.
The timeouts for operations should be at least as long as those recommended in the meta-data. Too short
timeout values are a common mistake in cluster configurations and, even worse, they often slip through if
cluster testing was not thorough. Though operation timeouts issues are treated as warnings, make sure
that the timeouts are usable in your environment. Note also that the values given are just advisory
minimum---your resources may require longer timeouts.
User may tune the frequency of checks and the treatment of errors by the check-frequency and check-mode
preferences.
Note that if the check-frequency is set to always and the check-mode to strict, errors are not tolerated
and such configuration cannot be saved.
Configuration templates
Deprecation note
Configuration templates have been deprecated in favor of the more capable cluster scripts. To learn how
to use cluster scripts, see the dedicated documentation on the crmsh website at http://crmsh.github.io/,
or in the Script section.
Configuration templates are ready made configurations created by cluster experts. They are designed in
such a way so that users may generate valid cluster configurations with minimum effort. If you are new to
Pacemaker, templates may be the best way to start.
We will show here how to create a simple yet functional Apache configuration:
# crm configure
crm(live)configure# template
crm(live)configure template# list templates
apache filesystem virtual-ip
crm(live)configure template# new web <TAB><TAB>
apache filesystem virtual-ip
crm(live)configure template# new web apache
INFO: pulling in template apache
INFO: pulling in template virtual-ip
crm(live)configure template# list
web2-d web2 vip2 web3 vip web
We enter the template level from configure. Use the list command to show templates available on the
system. The new command creates a configuration from the apache template. You can use tab completion to
pick templates. Note that the apache template depends on a virtual IP address which is automatically
pulled along. The list command shows the just created web configuration, among other configurations (I
hope that you, unlike me, will use more sensible and descriptive names).
The show command, which displays the resulting configuration, may be used to get an idea about the
minimum required changes which have to be done. All ERROR messages show the line numbers in which the
respective parameters are to be defined:
crm(live)configure template# show
ERROR: 23: required parameter ip not set
ERROR: 61: required parameter id not set
ERROR: 65: required parameter configfile not set
crm(live)configure template# edit
The edit command invokes the preferred text editor with the web configuration. At the top of the file,
the user is advised how to make changes. A good template should require from the user to specify only
parameters. For example, the web configuration we created above has the following required and optional
parameters (all parameter lines start with %%):
$ grep -n ^%% ~/.crmconf/web
23:%% ip
31:%% netmask
35:%% lvs_support
61:%% id
65:%% configfile
71:%% options
76:%% envfiles
These lines are the only ones that should be modified. Simply append the parameter value at the end of
the line. For instance, after editing this template, the result could look like this (we used tabs
instead of spaces to make the values stand out):
$ grep -n ^%% ~/.crmconf/web
23:%% ip 192.168.1.101
31:%% netmask
35:%% lvs_support
61:%% id websvc
65:%% configfile /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
71:%% options
76:%% envfiles
As you can see, the parameter line format is very simple:
%% <name> <value>
After editing the file, use show again to display the configuration:
crm(live)configure template# show
primitive virtual-ip IPaddr \
params ip=192.168.1.101
primitive apache apache \
params configfile="/etc/apache2/httpd.conf"
monitor apache 120s:60s
group websvc \
apache virtual-ip
The target resource of the apache template is a group which we named websvc in this sample session.
This configuration looks exactly as you could type it at the configure level. The point of templates is
to save you some typing. It is important, however, to understand the configuration produced.
Finally, the configuration may be applied to the current crm configuration (note how the configuration
changed slightly, though it is still equivalent, after being digested at the configure level):
crm(live)configure template# apply
crm(live)configure template# cd ..
crm(live)configure# show
node xen-b
node xen-c
primitive apache apache \
params configfile="/etc/apache2/httpd.conf" \
op monitor interval=120s timeout=60s
primitive virtual-ip IPaddr \
params ip=192.168.1.101
group websvc apache virtual-ip
Note that this still does not commit the configuration to the CIB which is used in the shell, either the
running one (live) or some shadow CIB. For that you still need to execute the commit command.
To complete our example, we should also define the preferred node to run the service:
crm(live)configure# location websvc-pref websvc 100: xen-b
If you are not happy with some resource names which are provided by default, you can rename them now:
crm(live)configure# rename virtual-ip intranet-ip
crm(live)configure# show
node xen-b
node xen-c
primitive apache apache \
params configfile="/etc/apache2/httpd.conf" \
op monitor interval=120s timeout=60s
primitive intranet-ip IPaddr \
params ip=192.168.1.101
group websvc apache intranet-ip
location websvc-pref websvc 100: xen-b
To summarize, working with templates typically consists of the following steps:
• new: create a new configuration from templates
• edit: define parameters, at least the required ones
• show: see if the configuration is valid
• apply: apply the configuration to the configure level
Resource testing
The amount of detail in a cluster makes all configurations prone to errors. By far the largest number of
issues in a cluster is due to bad resource configuration. The shell can help quickly diagnose such
problems. And considerably reduce your keyboard wear.
Let’s say that we entered the following configuration:
node xen-b
node xen-c
node xen-d
primitive fencer stonith:external/libvirt \
params hypervisor_uri="qemu+tcp://10.2.13.1/system" \
hostlist="xen-b xen-c xen-d" \
op monitor interval=2h
primitive svc Xinetd \
params service=systat \
op monitor interval=30s
primitive intranet-ip IPaddr2 \
params ip=10.2.13.100 \
op monitor interval=30s
primitive apache apache \
params configfile="/etc/apache2/httpd.conf" \
op monitor interval=120s timeout=60s
group websvc apache intranet-ip
location websvc-pref websvc 100: xen-b
Before typing commit to submit the configuration to the cib we can make sure that all resources are
usable on all nodes:
crm(live)configure# rsctest websvc svc fencer
It is important that resources being tested are not running on any nodes. Otherwise, the rsctest command
will refuse to do anything. Of course, if the current configuration resides in a CIB shadow, then a
commit is irrelevant. The point being that resources are not running on any node. Note on stopping all
resources
Alternatively to not committing a configuration, it is also possible to tell Pacemaker not to start any
resources:
crm(live)configure# property stop-all-resources=yes
Almost none---resources of class stonith are still started. But shell is not as strict when it comes to
stonith resources.
Order of resources is significant insofar that a resource depends on all resources to its left. In most
configurations, it’s probably practical to test resources in several runs, based on their dependencies.
Apart from groups, crm does not interpret constraints and therefore knows nothing about resource
dependencies. It also doesn’t know if a resource can run on a node at all in case of an asymmetric
cluster. It is up to the user to specify a list of eligible nodes if a resource is not meant to run on
every node.
Access Control Lists (ACL)
Note on ACLs in Pacemaker 1.1.12
The support for ACLs has been revised in Pacemaker version 1.1.12 and up. Depending on which version you
are using, the information in this section may no longer be accurate. Look for the acl_target
configuration element for more details on the new syntax.
By default, the users from the haclient group have full access to the cluster (or, more precisely, to the
CIB). Access control lists allow for finer access control to the cluster.
Access control lists consist of an ordered set of access rules. Each rule allows read or write access or
denies access completely. Rules are typically combined to produce a specific role. Then, users may be
assigned a role.
For instance, this is a role which defines a set of rules allowing management of a single resource:
role bigdb_admin \
write meta:bigdb:target-role \
write meta:bigdb:is-managed \
write location:bigdb \
read ref:bigdb
The first two rules allow modifying the target-role and is-managed meta attributes which effectively
enables users in this role to stop/start and manage/unmanage the resource. The constraints write access
rule allows moving the resource around. Finally, the user is granted read access to the resource
definition.
For proper operation of all Pacemaker programs, it is advisable to add the following role to all users:
role read_all \
read cib
For finer grained read access try with the rules listed in the following role:
role basic_read \
read node attribute:uname \
read node attribute:type \
read property \
read status
It is however possible that some Pacemaker programs (e.g. ptest) may not function correctly if the whole
CIB is not readable.
Some of the ACL rules in the examples above are expanded by the shell to XPath specifications. For
instance, meta:bigdb:target-role expands to:
//primitive[@id='bigdb']/meta_attributes/nvpair[@name='target-role']
You can see the expansion by showing XML:
crm(live) configure# show xml bigdb_admin
...
<acls>
<acl_role id="bigdb_admin">
<write id="bigdb_admin-write"
xpath="//primitive[@id='bigdb']/meta_attributes/nvpair[@name='target-role']"/>
Many different XPath expressions can have equal meaning. For instance, the following two are equal, but
only the first one is going to be recognized as shortcut:
//primitive[@id='bigdb']/meta_attributes/nvpair[@name='target-role']
//resources/primitive[@id='bigdb']/meta_attributes/nvpair[@name='target-role']
XPath is a powerful language, but you should try to keep your ACL xpaths simple and the builtin shortcuts
should be used whenever possible.
Syntax: Resource sets
Using resource sets can be a bit confusing unless one knows the details of the implementation in
Pacemaker as well as how to interpret the syntax provided by crmsh.
Three different types of resource sets are provided by crmsh, and each one implies different values for
the two resource set attributes, sequential and require-all.
sequential
If false, the resources in the set do not depend on each other internally. Setting sequential to true
implies a strict order of dependency within the set.
require-all
If false, only one resource in the set is required to fulfil the requirements of the set. The set of
A, B and C with require-all set to false is be read as "A OR B OR C" when its dependencies are
resolved.
The three types of resource sets modify the attributes in the following way:
1. Implicit sets (no brackets). sequential=true, require-all=true
2. Parenthesis set (( ... )). sequential=false, require-all=true
3. Bracket set ([ ... ]). sequential=false, require-all=false
To create a set with the properties sequential=true and require-all=false, explicitly set sequential in a
bracketed set, [ A B C sequential=true ].
To create multiple sets with both sequential and require-all set to true, explicitly set sequential in a
parenthesis set: A B ( C D sequential=true ).
Syntax: Attribute list references
Attribute lists are used to set attributes and parameters for resources, constraints and property
definitions. For example, to set the virtual IP used by an IPAddr2 resource the attribute ip can be set
in an attribute list for that resource.
Attribute lists can have identifiers that name them, and other resources can reuse the same attribute
list by referring to that name using an $id-ref. For example, the following statement defines a simple
dummy resource with an attribute list which sets the parameter state to the value 1 and sets the
identifier for the attribute list to on-state:
primitive dummy-1 Dummy params $id=on-state state=1
To refer to this attribute list from a different resource, refer to the on-state name using an id-ref:
primitive dummy-2 Dummy params $id-ref=on-state
The resource dummy-2 will now also have the parameter state set to the value 1.
Syntax: Attribute references
In some cases, referencing complete attribute lists is too coarse-grained, for example if two different
parameters with different names should have the same value set. Instead of having to copy the value in
multiple places, it is possible to create references to individual attributes in attribute lists.
To name an attribute in order to be able to refer to it later, prefix the attribute name with a $
character (as seen above with the special names $id and $id-ref:
primitive dummy-1 Dummy params $state=1
The identifier state can now be used to refer to this attribute from other primitives, using the @<id>
syntax:
primitive dummy-2 Dummy params @state
In some cases, using the attribute name as the identifier doesn’t work due to name clashes. In this case,
the syntax $<id>:<name>=<value> can be used to give the attribute a different identifier:
primitive dummy-1 params $dummy-state-on:state=1
primitive dummy-2 params @dummy-state-on
There is also the possibility that two resources both use the same attribute value but with different
names. For example, a web server may have a parameter server_ip for setting the IP address where it
listens for incoming requests, and a virtual IP resource may have a parameter called ip which sets the IP
address it creates. To configure these two resources with an IP without repeating the value, the
reference can be given a name using the syntax @<id>:<name>.
Example:
primitive virtual-ip IPaddr2 params $vip:ip=192.168.1.100
primitive webserver apache params @vip:server_ip
Syntax: Rule expressions
Many of the configuration commands in crmsh now support the use of rule expressions, which can influence
what attributes apply to a resource or under which conditions a constraint is applied, depending on
changing conditions like date, time, the value of attributes and more.
Here is an example of a simple rule expression used to apply a a different resource parameter on the node
named node1:
primitive my_resource Special \
params 2: rule #uname eq node1 interface=eth1 \
params 1: interface=eth0
This primitive resource has two lists of parameters with descending priority. The parameter list with the
highest priority is applied first, but only if the rule expressions for that parameter list all apply. In
this case, the rule #uname eq node1 limits the parameter list so that it is only applied on node1.
Note that rule expressions are not terminated and are immediately followed by the data to which the rule
is applied. In this case, the name-value pair interface=eth1.
Rule expressions can contain multiple expressions connected using the boolean operator or and and. The
full syntax for rule expressions is listed below.
rules ::
rule [id_spec] [$role=<role>] <score>: <expression>
[rule [id_spec] [$role=<role>] <score>: <expression> ...]
id_spec :: $id=<id> | $id-ref=<id>
score :: <number> | <attribute> | [-]inf
expression :: <simple_exp> [<bool_op> <simple_exp> ...]
bool_op :: or | and
simple_exp :: <attribute> [type:]<binary_op> <value>
| <unary_op> <attribute>
| date <date_expr>
type :: <string> | <version> | <number>
binary_op :: lt | gt | lte | gte | eq | ne
unary_op :: defined | not_defined
date_expr :: lt <end>
| gt <start>
| in start=<start> end=<end>
| in start=<start> <duration>
| spec <date_spec>
duration|date_spec ::
hours=<value>
| monthdays=<value>
| weekdays=<value>
| yearsdays=<value>
| months=<value>
| weeks=<value>
| years=<value>
| weekyears=<value>
| moon=<value>
LIFETIME PARAMETER FORMAT
Lifetimes can be specified in the ISO 8601 time format or the ISO 8601 duration format. To distinguish
between months and minutes, use the PT prefix before specifying minutes. The duration format is one of
PnYnMnDTnHnMnS, PnW, P<date>T<time>.
P = duration. Y = year. M = month. W = week. D = day. T = time. H = hour. M = minute. S = second.
Examples:
PT5M = 5 minutes later.
3D = 3 days later.
PT1H = 1 hour later.
The cluster checks lifetimes at an interval defined by the cluster-recheck-interval property (default 15
minutes).
COMMAND REFERENCE
The commands are structured to be compatible with the shell command line. Sometimes, the underlying
Pacemaker grammar uses characters that have special meaning in bash, that will need to be quoted. This
includes the hash or pound sign (#), single and double quotes, and any significant whitespace.
Whitespace is also significant when assigning values, meaning that key=value is different from key =
value.
Commands can be referenced using short-hand as long as the short-hand is unique. This can be either a
prefix of the command name or a prefix string of characters found in the name.
For example, status can be abbreviated as st or su, and configure as conf or cfg.
The syntax for the commands is given below in an informal, BNF-like grammar.
• <value> denotes a string.
• [value] means that the construct is optional.
• The ellipsis (...) signifies that the previous construct may be repeated.
• first|second means either first or second.
• The rest are literals (strings, :, =).
status
Show cluster status. The status is displayed by crm_mon. Supply additional arguments for more information
or different format. See crm_mon(8) for more details.
Example:
status
status simple
status full
Usage:
status [<option> ...]
option :: full
| bynode
| inactive
| ops
| timing
| failcounts
| verbose
| quiet
| html
| xml
| simple
| tickets
| noheaders
| detail
| brief
verify
Performs basic checks for the cluster configuration and current status, reporting potential issues.
See crm_verify(8) and crm_simulate(8) for more details.
Example:
verify
verify scores
Usage:
verify [scores]
cluster - Cluster setup and management
Whole-cluster configuration management with High Availability awareness.
The commands on the cluster level allows configuration and modification of the underlying cluster
infrastructure, and also supplies tools to do whole-cluster systems management.
These commands enable easy installation and maintenance of a HA cluster, by providing support for package
installation, configuration of the cluster messaging layer, file system setup and more.
copy
Copy file to other cluster nodes.
Copies the given file to all other nodes unless given a list of nodes to copy to as argument.
Usage:
copy <filename> [nodes ...]
Example:
copy /etc/motd
diff
Displays the difference, if any, between a given file on different nodes. If the second argument is
--checksum, a checksum of the file will be calculated and displayed for each node.
Usage:
diff <file> [--checksum] [nodes...]
Example:
diff /etc/crm/crm.conf node2
diff /etc/resolv.conf --checksum
disable
See "crm cluster help disable" or "crm cluster disable --help"
enable
See "crm cluster help enable" or "crm cluster enable --help
geo-init
See "crm cluster help geo_init" or "crm cluster geo_init --help"
geo-init-arbitrator
See "crm cluster help geo_init_arbitrator" or "crm cluster geo_init_arbitrator --help"
geo-join
See "crm cluster help geo_join" or "crm cluster geo_join --help"
health
Runs a larger set of tests and queries on all nodes in the cluster to verify the general system
health and detect potential problems.
Usage:
health
init
See "crm cluster help init" or "crm cluster init --help"
join
See "crm cluster help join" or "crm cluster join --help"
remove
See "crm cluster help remove" or "crm cluster remove --help"
crash_test
See "crm cluster help crash_test" or "crm cluster crash_test --help"
restart
See "crm cluster help restart" or "crm cluster restart --help"
rename
Rename the cluster name
Usage:
rename <new_cluster_name>
run
This command takes a shell statement as argument, executes that statement on all nodes in the cluster
or a specific node, and reports the result.
Usage:
run <command> [node ...]
Example:
run "cat /proc/uptime"
run "ls" node1 node2
start
See "crm cluster help start" or "crm cluster start --help"
status
Reports the status for the cluster messaging layer on the local node.
Usage:
status
stop
See "crm cluster help stop" or "crm cluster stop --help"
wait_for_startup
Mostly useful in scripts or automated workflows, this command will attempt to connect to the local
cluster node repeatedly. The command will keep trying until the cluster node responds, or the timeout
elapses. The timeout can be changed by supplying a value in seconds as an argument.
Usage:
wait_for_startup
script - Cluster script management
A big part of the configuration and management of a cluster is collecting information about all cluster
nodes and deploying changes to those nodes. Often, just performing the same procedure on all nodes will
encounter problems, due to subtle differences in the configuration.
For example, when configuring a cluster for the first time, the software needs to be installed and
configured on all nodes before the cluster software can be launched and configured using crmsh. This
process is cumbersome and error-prone, and the goal is for scripts to make this process easier.
Scripts are implemented using the python parallax package which provides a thin wrapper on top of SSH.
This allows the scripts to function through the usual SSH channels used for system maintenance, requiring
no additional software to be installed or maintained.
json
This command provides a JSON API for the cluster scripts, intended for use in user interface tools
that want to interact with the cluster via scripts.
The command takes a single argument, which should be a JSON array with the first member identifying
the command to perform.
The output is line-based: Commands that return multiple results will return them line-by-line, ending
with a terminator value: "end".
When providing parameter values to this command, they should be provided as nested objects, so
virtual-ip:ip=192.168.0.5 on the command line becomes the JSON object
{"virtual-ip":{"ip":"192.168.0.5"}}.
API:
["list"]
=> [{name, shortdesc, category}]
["show", <name>]
=> [{name, shortdesc, longdesc, category, <<steps>>}]
<<steps>> := [{name, shortdesc], longdesc, required, parameters, steps}]
<<params>> := [{name, shortdesc, longdesc, required, unique, advanced,
type, value, example}]
["verify", <name>, <<values>>]
=> [{shortdesc, longdesc, text, nodes}]
["run", <name>, <<values>>]
=> [{shortdesc, rc, output|error}]
list
Lists the available scripts, sorted by category. Scripts that have the special Script category are
hidden by default, since they are mainly used by other scripts or commands. To also show these, pass
all as argument.
To get a flat list of script names, not sorted by category, pass names as an extra argument.
Usage:
list [all] [names]
Example:
list
list all names
run
Given a list of parameter values, this command will execute the actions specified by the cluster
script. The format for the parameter values is the same as for the verify command.
Can optionally take at least two parameters: * nodes=<nodes>: List of nodes that the script runs over
* dry_run=yes|no: If set, the script will not perform any modifications.
Additional parameters may be available depending on the script.
Use the show command to see what parameters are available.
Usage:
run <script> [args...]
Example:
run apache install=true
run sbd id=sbd-1 node=node1 sbd_device=/dev/disk/by-uuid/F00D-CAFE
show
Prints a description and short summary of the script, with descriptions of the accepted parameters.
Advanced parameters are hidden by default. To show the complete list of parameters accepted by the
script, pass all as argument.
Usage:
show <script> [all]
Example:
show virtual-ip
verify
Checks the given parameter values, and returns a list of actions that will be executed when running
the script if provided the same list of parameter values.
Usage:
verify <script> [args...]
Example:
verify sbd id=sbd-1 node=node1 sbd_device=/dev/disk/by-uuid/F00D-CAFE
corosync - Corosync management
Corosync is the underlying messaging layer for most HA clusters. This level provides commands for editing
and managing the corosync configuration.
add-node
Adds a node to the corosync configuration. This is used with the udpu type configuration in corosync.
A nodeid for the added node is generated automatically.
Note that this command assumes that only a single ring is used, and sets only the address for ring0.
Usage:
add-node <addr> [name]
del-node
Removes a node from the corosync configuration. The argument given is the ring0_addr address set in
the configuration file.
Usage:
del-node <addr>
diff
Diffs the corosync configurations on different nodes. If no nodes are given as arguments, the
corosync configurations on all nodes in the cluster are compared.
diff takes an option argument --checksum, to display a checksum for each file instead of calculating
a diff.
Usage:
diff [--checksum] [node...]
edit
Opens the Corosync configuration file in an editor.
Usage:
edit
get
Returns the value configured in corosync.conf, which is not necessarily the value used in the running
configuration. See reload for telling corosync about configuration changes.
The argument is the complete dot-separated path to the value.
If there are multiple values configured with the same path, the command returns all values for that
path. For example, to get all configured ring0_addr values, use this command:
Example:
get nodelist.node.ring0_addr
log
Opens the log file specified in the corosync configuration file. If no log file is configured, this
command returns an error.
The pager used can be configured either using the PAGER environment variable or in crm.conf.
Usage:
log
pull
Gets the corosync configuration from another node and copies it to this node.
Usage:
pull <node>
push
Pushes the corosync configuration file on this node to the list of nodes provided. If no target nodes
are given, the configuration is pushed to all other nodes in the cluster.
It is recommended to use csync2 to distribute the cluster configuration files rather than relying on
this command.
Usage:
push [node] ...
Example:
push node-2 node-3
reload
Tells all instances of corosync in this cluster to reload corosync.conf.
After pushing a new configuration to all cluster nodes, call this command to make corosync use the
new configuration.
Usage:
reload
set
Sets the value identified by the given path. If the value does not exist in the configuration file,
it will be added. However, if the section containing the value does not exist, the command will fail.
Usage:
set quorum.expected_votes 2
show
Displays the corosync configuration on the current node.
show
status
Displays the corosync ring status(default), also can display quorum/qdevice/qnetd status.
Usage:
status [ring|quorum|qdevice|qnetd]
cib - CIB shadow management
This level is for management of shadow CIBs. It is available both at the top level and the configure
level.
All the commands are implemented using cib_shadow(8) and the CIB_shadow environment variable. The user
prompt always includes the name of the currently active shadow or the live CIB.
cibstatus
Enter edit and manage the CIB status section level. See the CIB status management section.
commit
Apply a shadow CIB to the cluster. If the shadow name is omitted then the current shadow CIB is
applied.
Temporary shadow CIBs are removed automatically on commit.
Usage:
commit [<cib>]
delete
Delete an existing shadow CIB.
Usage:
delete <cib>
diff
Print differences between the current cluster configuration and the active shadow CIB.
Usage:
diff
import
At times it may be useful to create a shadow file from the existing CIB. The CIB may be specified as
file or as a PE input file number. The shell will look up files in the local directory first and then
in the PE directory (typically /var/lib/pengine). Once the CIB file is found, it is copied to a
shadow and this shadow is immediately available for use at both configure and cibstatus levels.
If the shadow name is omitted then the target shadow is named after the input CIB file.
Note that there are often more than one PE input file, so you may need to specify the full name.
Usage:
import {<file>|<number>} [<shadow>]
Examples:
import pe-warn-2222
import 2289 issue2
list
List existing shadow CIBs.
Usage:
list
new
Create a new shadow CIB. The live cluster configuration and status is copied to the shadow CIB.
If the name of the shadow is omitted, we create a temporary CIB shadow. It is useful if multiple
level sessions are desired without affecting the cluster. A temporary CIB shadow is short lived and
will be removed either on commit or on program exit. Note that if the temporary shadow is not
committed all changes in the temporary shadow are lost.
Specify withstatus if you want to edit the status section of the shadow CIB (see the cibstatus
section). Add force to force overwriting the existing shadow CIB.
To start with an empty configuration that is not copied from the live CIB, specify the empty keyword.
(This also allows a shadow CIB to be created in case no cluster is running.)
Usage:
new [<cib>] [withstatus] [force] [empty]
reset
Copy the current cluster configuration into the shadow CIB.
Usage:
reset <cib>
use
Choose a CIB source. If you want to edit the status from the shadow CIB specify withstatus (see
cibstatus). Leave out the CIB name to switch to the running CIB.
Usage:
use [<cib>] [withstatus]
ra - Resource Agents (RA) lists and documentation
This level contains commands which show various information about the installed resource agents. It is
available both at the top level and at the configure level.
classes
Print all resource agents' classes and, where appropriate, a list of available providers.
Usage:
classes
info (meta)
Show the meta-data of a resource agent type. This is where users can find information on how to use a
resource agent. It is also possible to get information from some programs: pengine, crmd, cib, and
stonithd. Just specify the program name instead of an RA.
Usage:
info [<class>:[<provider>:]]<type>
info <type> <class> [<provider>] (obsolete)
Example:
info apache
info ocf:pacemaker:Dummy
info stonith:ipmilan
info pengine
list
List available resource agents for the given class. If the class is ocf, supply a provider to get
agents which are available only from that provider.
Usage:
list <class> [<provider>]
Example:
list ocf pacemaker
providers
List providers for a resource agent type. The class parameter defaults to ocf.
Usage:
providers <type> [<class>]
Example:
providers apache
validate
If the resource agent supports the validate-all action, this calls the action with the given
parameters, printing any warnings or errors reported by the agent.
Usage:
validate <agent> [<key>=<value> ...]
resource - Resource management
At this level resources may be managed.
All (or almost all) commands are implemented with the CRM tools such as crm_resource(8).
ban
Ban a resource from running on a certain node. If no node is given as argument, the resource is
banned from the current location.
See move for details on other arguments.
Usage:
ban <rsc> [<node>] [<lifetime>] [force]
cleanup
If resource has any past failures, clear its history and fail count. Typically done after the
resource has temporarily failed.
If a node is omitted, cleanup on all nodes.
(Pacemaker 1.1.14) Pass force to cleanup the resource itself, otherwise the cleanup command will
apply to the parent resource (if any).
Usage:
cleanup [<rsc>] [<node>] [force]
clear (unmove, unmigrate, unban)
Remove any relocation constraint created by the move, migrate or ban command.
Usage:
clear <rsc>
unmigrate <rsc>
unban <rsc>
constraints
Display the location and colocation constraints affecting the resource.
Usage:
constraints <rsc>
demote
Demote a promotable resource using the target-role attribute.
Usage:
demote <rsc>
failcount
Show/edit/delete the failcount of a resource. When set a non-zero value, operation and interval
should be provided when multiple operation failcount entries exist. interval is a value in seconds.
Usage:
failcount <rsc> set <node> <value> [operation] [interval]
failcount <rsc> delete <node>
failcount <rsc> show <node>
Example:
failcount fs_0 delete node2
locate
Show the current location of one or more resources.
Usage:
locate [<rsc> ...]
maintenance
Enables or disables the per-resource maintenance mode. When this mode is enabled, no monitor
operations will be triggered for the resource. maintenance attribute conflicts with the is-managed.
When setting the maintenance attribute, the user is proposed to remove the is-managed attribute if it
exists.
Usage:
maintenance <resource> [on|off|true|false]
Example:
maintenance rsc1
maintenance rsc2 off
manage
Manage a resource using the is-managed attribute. If there are multiple meta attributes sets, the
attribute is set in all of them. If the resource is a clone, all is-managed attributes are removed
from the children resources. is-managed attribute conflicts with the maintenance. When setting the
is-managed attribute, the user is proposed to remove the maintenance attribute if it exists.
For details on group management see options manage-children.
Usage:
manage <rsc>
meta
Show/edit/delete a meta attribute of a resource. Currently, all meta attributes of a resource may be
managed with other commands such as resource stop.
Usage:
meta <rsc> set <attr> <value>
meta <rsc> delete <attr>
meta <rsc> show <attr>
Example:
meta ip_0 set target-role stopped
move (migrate)
Move a resource away from its current location.
If the destination node is left out, the resource is migrated by creating a constraint which prevents
it from running on the current node. For this type of constraint to be created, the force argument is
required.
A lifetime may be given for the constraint. Once it expires, the location constraint will no longer
be active.
Usage:
move <rsc> [<node>] [<lifetime>] [force]
operations
Show active operations, optionally filtered by resource and node.
Usage:
operations [<rsc>] [<node>]
param
Show/edit/delete a parameter of a resource.
Usage:
param <rsc> set <param> <value>
param <rsc> delete <param>
param <rsc> show <param>
Example:
param ip_0 show ip
promote
Promote a promotable resource using the target-role attribute.
Usage:
promote <rsc>
refresh
Delete resource’s history (including failures) so its current state is rechecked.
Usage:
refresh [<rsc>] [<node>] [force]
restart
Restart one or more resources. This is essentially a shortcut for resource stop followed by a start.
The shell is first going to wait for the stop to finish, that is for all resources to really stop,
and only then to order the start action. Due to this command entailing a whole set of operations,
informational messages are printed to let the user see some progress.
For details on group management see options manage-children.
Usage:
restart <rsc> [<rsc> ...]
Example:
# crm resource restart g_webserver
INFO: ordering g_webserver to stop
waiting for stop to finish .... done
INFO: ordering g_webserver to start
#
scores
Display the allocation scores for all resources.
Usage:
scores
secret
Sensitive parameters can be kept in local files rather than CIB in order to prevent accidental data
exposure. Use the secret command to manage such parameters. stash and unstash move the value from the
CIB and back to the CIB respectively. The set subcommand sets the parameter to the provided value.
delete removes the parameter completely. show displays the value of the parameter from the local
file. Use check to verify if the local file content is valid.
Usage:
secret <rsc> set <param> <value>
secret <rsc> stash <param>
secret <rsc> unstash <param>
secret <rsc> delete <param>
secret <rsc> show <param>
secret <rsc> check <param>
Example:
secret fence_1 show password
secret fence_1 stash password
secret fence_1 set password secret_value
start
Start one or more resources by setting the target-role attribute. If there are multiple meta
attributes sets, the attribute is set in all of them. If the resource is a clone, all target-role
attributes are removed from the children resources.
For details on group management see options manage-children.
Usage:
start <rsc> [<rsc> ...]
status (show, list)
Print resource status. More than one resource can be shown at once. If the resource parameter is left
out, the status of all resources is printed.
Usage:
status [<rsc> ...]
stop
Stop one or more resources using the target-role attribute. If there are multiple meta attributes
sets, the attribute is set in all of them. If the resource is a clone, all target-role attributes are
removed from the children resources.
For details on group management see options manage-children.
Usage:
stop <rsc> [<rsc> ...]
trace
Start tracing RA for the given operation. When [<log-dir>] is not specified the trace files are
stored in $HA_VARLIB/trace_ra. If the operation to be traced is monitor, note that the number of
trace files can grow very quickly.
If no operation name is given, crmsh will attempt to trace all operations for the RA. This includes
any configured operations, start and stop as well as promote/demote for multistate resources.
To trace the probe operation which exists for all resources, either set a trace for monitor with
interval 0, or use probe as the operation name.
Note: RA tracing is only supported by OCF resource agents; The pacemaker-execd daemon does not log
recurring monitor operations unless an error occurred.
Usage:
trace <rsc> [<op> [<interval>] [<log-dir>]]
Example:
trace fs start
trace webserver
trace webserver probe
trace fs monitor 0 /var/log/foo/bar
unmanage
Unmanage a resource using the is-managed attribute. If there are multiple meta attributes sets, the
attribute is set in all of them. If the resource is a clone, all is-managed attributes are removed
from the children resources.
For details on group management see options manage-children.
Usage:
unmanage <rsc>
untrace
Stop tracing RA for the given operation. If no operation name is given, crmsh will attempt to stop
tracing all operations in resource.
Usage:
untrace <rsc> [<op> [<interval>] ]
Example:
untrace fs start
untrace webserver
utilization
Show/edit/delete a utilization attribute of a resource. These attributes describe hardware
requirements. By setting the placement-strategy cluster property appropriately, it is possible then
to distribute resources based on resource requirements and node size. See also node utilization
attributes.
Usage:
utilization <rsc> set <attr> <value>
utilization <rsc> delete <attr>
utilization <rsc> show <attr>
Example:
utilization xen1 set memory 4096
node - Node management
Node management and status commands.
attribute
Edit node attributes. This kind of attribute should refer to relatively static properties, such as
memory size.
Usage:
attribute <node> set <attr> <value>
attribute <node> delete <attr>
attribute <node> show <attr>
Example:
attribute node_1 set memory_size 4096
clearstate
Resets and clears the state of the specified node. This node is afterwards assumed clean and offline.
This command can be used to manually confirm that a node has been fenced (e.g., powered off).
Be careful! This can cause data corruption if you confirm that a node is down that is, in fact, not
cleanly down - the cluster will proceed as if the fence had succeeded, possibly starting resources
multiple times.
Usage:
clearstate <node>
delete
Remove a node from cluster.
If the node is still listed as active and a member of our partition we refuse to remove it. With the
global force option (-F) we will try to delete the node anyway.
Usage:
delete <node>
Deprecation note
This command is deprecated and in favor of crm cluster remove [-F] -c <node>, which will adjust the
related cluster configurations and clean up the leftover (eg. stopping the cluster services) on the
removed node.
fence
Make CRM fence a node. This functionality depends on stonith resources capable of fencing the
specified node. No such stonith resources, no fencing will happen.
Usage:
fence <node>
maintenance
Set the node status to maintenance. This is equivalent to the cluster-wide maintenance-mode property
but puts just one node into the maintenance mode. If there are maintained resources on the node, the
user will be proposed to remove the maintenance property from them.
The node parameter defaults to the node where the command is run.
Usage:
maintenance [<node>]
online
See "crm node help online" or "crm node online --help"
ready
Set the node’s maintenance status to off. The node should be now again fully operational and capable
of running resource operations.
The node parameter defaults to the node where the command is run.
Usage:
ready [<node>]
server
Remote nodes may have a configured server address which should be used when contacting the node. This
command prints the server address if configured, else the node name.
If no parameter is given, the addresses or names for all nodes are printed.
Usage:
server [<node> ...]
show
Show a node definition. If the node parameter is omitted, then all nodes are shown.
Usage:
show [<node>]
standby
See "crm node help standby" or "crm node standby --help"
status-attr
Edit node attributes which are in the CIB status section, i.e., attributes which hold properties of a
more volatile nature. One typical example is attribute generated by the pingd utility.
Usage:
status-attr <node> set <attr> <value>
status-attr <node> delete <attr>
status-attr <node> show <attr>
Example:
status-attr node_1 show pingd
utilization
Edit node utilization attributes. These attributes describe hardware characteristics as integer
numbers such as memory size or the number of CPUs. By setting the placement-strategy cluster property
appropriately, it is possible then to distribute resources based on resource requirements and node
size. See also resource utilization attributes.
Usage:
utilization <node> set <attr> <value>
utilization <node> delete <attr>
utilization <node> show <attr>
Examples:
utilization node_1 set memory 16384
utilization node_1 show cpu
site - GEO clustering site support
A cluster may consist of two or more subclusters in different and distant locations. This set of commands
supports such setups.
ticket
Tickets are cluster-wide attributes. They can be managed at the site where this command is executed.
It is then possible to constrain resources depending on the ticket availability (see the rsc_ticket
command for more details).
Usage:
ticket {grant|revoke|standby|activate|show|time|delete} <ticket>
Example:
ticket grant ticket1
options - User preferences
The user may set various options for the crm shell itself.
add-quotes
The shell (as in /bin/sh) parser strips quotes from the command line. This may sometimes make it
really difficult to type values which contain white space. One typical example is the configure
filter command. The crm shell will supply extra quotes around arguments which contain white space.
The default is yes. Note on quotes use
Adding quotes around arguments automatically has been introduced with version 1.2.2 and it is
technically a regression. Being a regression is the only reason the add-quotes option exists. If you
have custom shell scripts which would break, just set the add-quotes option to no.
For instance, with adding quotes enabled, it is possible to do the following:
# crm configure primitive d1 Dummy \
meta description="some description here"
# crm configure filter 'sed "s/hostlist=./&node-c /"' fencing
check-frequency
Semantic check of the CIB or elements modified or created may be done on every configuration change
(always), when verifying (on-verify) or never. It is by default set to always. Experts may want to
change the setting to on-verify.
The checks require that resource agents are present. If they are not installed at the configuration
time set this preference to never.
See Configuration semantic checks for more details.
check-mode
Semantic check of the CIB or elements modified or created may be done in the strict mode or in the
relaxed mode. In the former certain problems are treated as configuration errors. In the relaxed mode
all are treated as warnings. The default is strict.
See Configuration semantic checks for more details.
colorscheme
With output set to color, a comma separated list of colors from this option are used to emphasize:
• keywords
• object ids
• attribute names
• attribute values
• scores
• resource references
crm can show colors only if there is curses support for python installed (usually provided by the
python-curses package). The colors are whatever is available in your terminal. Use normal if you want
to keep the default foreground color.
This user preference defaults to yellow,normal,cyan,red,green,magenta which is good for terminals
with dark background. You may want to change the color scheme and save it in the preferences file for
other color setups.
Example:
colorscheme yellow,normal,blue,red,green,magenta
editor
The edit command invokes an editor. Use this to specify your preferred editor program. If not set, it
will default to either the value of the EDITOR environment variable or to one of the standard UNIX
editors (vi,emacs,nano).
Usage:
editor program
Example:
editor vim
manage-children
Some resource management commands, such as resource stop, when the target resource is a group, may
not always produce desired result. Each element, group and the primitive members, can have a
meta-attribute and those attributes may end up with conflicting values. Consider the following
construct:
crm(live)# configure show svc fs virtual-ip
primitive fs Filesystem \
params device="/dev/drbd0" directory="/srv/nfs" fstype=ext3 \
op monitor interval=10s \
meta target-role=Started
primitive virtual-ip IPaddr2 \
params ip=10.2.13.110 iflabel=1 \
op monitor interval=10s \
op start interval=0 \
meta target-role=Started
group svc fs virtual-ip \
meta target-role=Stopped
Even though the element svc should be stopped, the group is actually running because all its members
have the target-role set to Started:
crm(live)# resource show svc
resource svc is running on: xen-f
Hence, if the user invokes resource stop svc the intention is not clear. This preference gives the
user an opportunity to better control what happens if attributes of group members have values which
are in conflict with the same attribute of the group itself.
Possible values are ask (the default), always, and never. If set to always, the crm shell removes all
children attributes which have values different from the parent. If set to never, all children
attributes are left intact. Finally, if set to ask, the user will be asked for each member what is to
be done.
output
crm can adorn configurations in two ways: in color (similar to for instance the ls --color command)
and by showing keywords in upper case. Possible values are plain, color-always, color, and uppercase.
It is possible to combine uppercase with one of the color values in order to get an upper case xmass
tree. Just set this option to color,uppercase or color-always,uppercase. In case you need color codes
in pipes, color-always forces color codes even in case the terminal is not a tty (just like ls
--color=always).
pager
The view command displays text through a pager. Use this to specify your preferred pager program. If
not set, it will default to either the value of the PAGER environment variable or to one of the
standard UNIX system pagers (less,more,pg).
reset
This command resets all user options to the defaults. If used as a single-shot command, the rc file
($HOME/.config/crm/rc) is reset to the defaults too.
save
Save current settings to the rc file ($HOME/.config/crm/rc). On further crm runs, the rc file is
automatically read and parsed.
set
Sets the value of an option. Takes the fully qualified name of the option as argument, as displayed
by show all.
The modified option value is stored in the user-local configuration file, usually found in
~/.config/crm/crm.conf.
Usage:
set <option> <value>
Example:
set color.warn "magenta bold"
set editor nano
show
Display all current settings.
Given an option name as argument, show will display only the value of that argument.
Given all as argument, show displays all available user options.
Usage:
show [all|<option>]
Example:
show
show skill-level
show all
skill-level
Based on the skill-level setting, the user is allowed to use only a subset of commands. There are
three levels: operator, administrator, and expert. The operator level allows only commands at the
resource and node levels, but not editing or deleting resources. The administrator may do that and
may also configure the cluster at the configure level and manage the shadow CIBs. The expert may do
all.
Usage:
skill-level <level>
level :: operator | administrator | expert
Note on security
The skill-level option is advisory only. There is nothing stopping any users change their skill level
(see Access Control Lists (ACL) on how to enforce access control).
sort-elements
crm by default sorts CIB elements. If you want them appear in the order they were created, set this
option to no.
Usage:
sort-elements {yes|no}
Example:
sort-elements no
user
Sufficient privileges are necessary in order to manage a cluster: programs such as crm_verify or
crm_resource and, ultimately, cibadmin have to be run either as root or as the CRM owner user
(typically hacluster). You don’t have to worry about that if you run crm as root. A more secure way
is to run the program with your usual privileges, set this option to the appropriate user (such as
hacluster), and setup the sudoers file.
Usage:
user system-user
Example:
user hacluster
wait
In normal operation, crm runs a command and gets back immediately to process other commands or get
input from the user. With this option set to yes it will wait for the started transition to finish.
In interactive mode dots are printed to indicate progress.
Usage:
wait {yes|no}
Example:
wait yes
configure - CIB configuration
This level enables all CIB object definition commands.
The configuration may be logically divided into four parts: nodes, resources, constraints, and (cluster)
properties and attributes. Each of these commands support one or more basic CIB objects.
Nodes and attributes describing nodes are managed using the node command.
Commands for resources are:
• primitive
• monitor
• group
• clone (promotable clones)
• ms/master (master-slave) (deprecated)
In order to streamline large configurations, it is possible to define a template which can later be
referenced in primitives:
• rsc_template
In that case the primitive inherits all attributes defined in the template.
There are three types of constraints:
• location
• colocation
• order
It is possible to define fencing order (stonith resource priorities):
• fencing_topology
Finally, there are the cluster properties, resource meta-attributes defaults, and operations defaults.
All are just a set of attributes. These attributes are managed by the following commands:
• property
• rsc_defaults
• op_defaults
In addition to the cluster configuration, the Access Control Lists (ACL) can be setup to allow access to
parts of the CIB for users other than root and hacluster. The following commands manage ACL:
• user
• role
In Pacemaker 1.1.12 and up, this command replaces the user command for handling ACLs:
• acl_target
The changes are applied to the current CIB only on ending the configuration session or using the commit
command.
Comments start with # in the first line. The comments are tied to the element which follows. If the
element moves, its comments will follow.
acl_target
Defines an ACL target.
Usage:
acl_target <tid> [<role> ...]
Example:
acl_target joe resource_admin constraint_editor
alert
Version note
This feature is only available in Pacemaker 1.1.15+.
Event-driven alerts enables calling scripts whenever interesting events occur in the cluster (nodes
joining or leaving, resources starting or stopping, etc.).
The path is an arbitrary file path to an alert script. Existing external scripts used with ClusterMon
resources can be used as alert scripts, since the interface is compatible.
Each alert may have a number of recipients configured. These will be passed to the script as
arguments. The first recipient will also be passed as the CRM_alert_recipient environment variable,
for compatibility with existing scripts that only support one recipient.
The available meta-attributes are timeout (default 30s) and timestamp-format (default
"%H:%M:%S.%06N").
Some configurations may require each recipient to be delimited by brackets, to avoid ambiguity. In
the example alert-2 below, the meta attribute for timeout is defined after the recipient, so the
brackets are used to ensure that the meta attribute is set for the alert and not just the recipient.
This can be avoided by setting any alert attributes before defining the recipients.
Usage:
alert <id> <path> \
[attributes <nvpair> ...] \
[meta <nvpair> ...] \
[select [nodes | fencing | resources | attributes '{' <attribute> ... '}' ] ...] \
[to [{] <recipient>
[attributes <nvpair> ...] \
[meta <nvpair> ...] [}] \
...]
Example:
alert alert-1 /srv/pacemaker/pcmk_alert_sample.sh \
to /var/log/cluster-alerts.log
alert alert-2 /srv/pacemaker/example_alert.sh \
meta timeout=60s \
to { /var/log/cluster-alerts.log }
alert alert-3 /srv/pacemaker/example_alert.sh \
select fencing \
to { /var/log/fencing-alerts.log }
bundle
A bundle is a single resource specifying the settings, networking requirements, and storage
requirements for any number of containers generated from the same container image.
Pacemaker bundles support Docker (since version 1.1.17) and rkt (since version 1.1.18) container
technologies.
A bundle must contain exactly one docker or rkt element.
The bundle definition may contain a reference to a primitive resource which defining the resource
running inside the container.
Example:
primitive httpd-apache ocf:heartbeat:apache
bundle httpd \
docker image=pcmk:httpd replicas=3 \
network ip-range-start=10.10.10.123 host-netmask=24 \
port-mapping port=80 \
storage \
storage-mapping target-dir=/var/www/html source-dir=/srv/www options=rw \
primitive httpd-apache
cib
This level is for management of shadow CIBs. It is available at the configure level to enable saving
intermediate changes to a shadow CIB instead of to the live cluster. This short excerpt shows how:
crm(live)configure# cib new test-2
INFO: test-2 shadow CIB created
crm(test-2)configure# commit
Note how the current CIB in the prompt changed from live to test-2 after issuing the cib new command.
See also the CIB shadow management for more information.
cibstatus
Enter edit and manage the CIB status section level. See the CIB status management section.
clone
The clone command creates a resource clone. It may contain a single primitive resource or one group
of resources.
Promotable clones are clone resources with the promotable=true meta-attribute for the given
promotable resources. It’s used to deprecate the master-slave resources.
Usage:
clone <name> <rsc>
[description=<description>]
[meta <attr_list>]
[params <attr_list>]
attr_list :: [$id=<id>] <attr>=<val> [<attr>=<val>...] | $id-ref=<id>
Example:
clone cl_fence apc_1 \
meta clone-node-max=1 globally-unique=false
clone disk1 drbd1 \
meta promotable=true notify=true globally-unique=false
colocation (collocation)
This constraint expresses the placement relation between two or more resources. If there are more
than two resources, then the constraint is called a resource set.
The score is used to indicate the priority of the constraint. A positive score indicates that the
resources should run on the same node. A negative score that they should not run on the same node.
Values of positive or negative infinity indicate a mandatory constraint.
In the two resource form, the cluster will place <with-rsc> first, and then decide where to put the
<rsc> resource.
Collocation resource sets have an extra attribute (sequential) to allow for sets of resources which
don’t depend on each other in terms of state. The shell syntax for such sets is to put resources in
parentheses.
Sets cannot be nested.
The optional node-attribute can be used to colocate resources on a set of nodes and not necessarily
on the same node. For example, by setting a node attribute color on all nodes and setting the
node-attribute value to color as well, the colocated resources will be placed on any node that has
the same color.
For more details on how to configure resource sets, see Syntax: Resource sets.
Usage:
colocation <id> <score>: <rsc>[:<role>] <with-rsc>[:<role>]
[node-attribute=<node_attr>]
colocation <id> <score>: <resource_sets>
[node-attribute=<node_attr>]
resource_sets :: <resource_set> [<resource_set> ...]
resource_set :: ["("|"["] <rsc>[:<role>] [<rsc>[:<role>] ...] \
[<attributes>] [")"|"]"]
attributes :: [require-all=(true|false)] [sequential=(true|false)]
Example:
colocation never_put_apache_with_dummy -inf: apache dummy
colocation c1 inf: A ( B C )
commit
Commit the current configuration to the CIB in use. As noted elsewhere, commands in a configure
session don’t have immediate effect on the CIB. All changes are applied at one point in time, either
using commit or when the user leaves the configure level. In case the CIB in use changed in the
meantime, presumably by somebody else, the crm shell will refuse to apply the changes.
If you know that it’s fine to still apply them, add force to the command line.
To disable CIB patching and apply the changes by replacing the CIB completely, add replace to the
command line. Note that this can lead to previous changes being overwritten if some other process
concurrently modifies the CIB.
Usage:
commit [force] [replace]
default-timeouts
This command takes the timeouts from the actions section of the resource agent meta-data and sets
them for the operations of the primitive.
Usage:
default-timeouts <id> [<id>...]
Note on default-timeouts
The use of this command is discouraged in favor of manually determining the best timeouts required
for the particular configuration. Relying on the resource agent to supply appropriate timeouts can
cause the resource to fail at the worst possible moment.
Appropriate timeouts for resource actions are context-sensitive, and should be carefully considered
with the whole configuration in mind.
delete
Delete one or more objects. If an object to be deleted belongs to a container object, such as a
group, and it is the only resource in that container, then the container is deleted as well. Any
related constraints are removed as well.
If the object is a started resource, it will not be deleted unless the --force flag is passed to the
command, or the force option is set.
Usage:
delete [--force] <id> [<id>...]
edit
This command invokes the editor with the object description. As with the show command, the user may
choose to edit all objects or a set of objects.
If the user insists, he or she may edit the XML edition of the object. If you do that, don’t modify
any id attributes.
Usage:
edit [xml] [<id> ...]
edit [xml] changed
Note on renaming element ids
The edit command sometimes cannot properly handle modifying element ids. In particular for elements
which belong to group or ms resources. Group and ms resources themselves also cannot be renamed.
Please use the rename command instead.
erase
Deprecation note
crm configure erase is deprecated. The replacement could be crm cluster remove [node]
The erase clears all configuration. Apart from nodes. To remove nodes, you have to specify an
additional keyword nodes.
Note that removing nodes from the live cluster may have some strange/interesting/unwelcome effects.
Usage:
erase [nodes]
fencing_topology
If multiple fencing (stonith) devices are available capable of fencing a node, their order may be
specified by fencing_topology. The order is specified per node.
Stonith resources can be separated by , in which case all of them need to succeed. If they fail, the
next stonith resource (or set of resources) is used. In other words, use comma to separate resources
which all need to succeed and whitespace for serial order. It is not allowed to use whitespace around
comma.
If the node is left out, the order is used for all nodes. That should reduce the configuration size
in some stonith setups.
From Pacemaker version 1.1.14, it is possible to use a node attribute as the target in a fencing
topology. The syntax for this usage is described below.
From Pacemaker version 1.1.14, it is also possible to use regular expression patterns as the target
in a fencing topology. The configured fencing sequence then applies to all devices matching the
pattern.
Usage:
fencing_topology <stonith_resources> [<stonith_resources> ...]
fencing_topology <fencing_order> [<fencing_order> ...]
fencing_order :: <target> <stonith_resources> [<stonith_resources> ...]
stonith_resources :: <rsc>[,<rsc>...]
target :: <node>: | attr:<node-attribute>=<value> | pattern:<pattern>
Example:
# Only kill the power if poison-pill fails
fencing_topology poison-pill power
# As above for node-a, but a different strategy for node-b
fencing_topology \
node-a: poison-pill power \
node-b: ipmi serial
# Fencing anything on rack 1 requires fencing via both APC 1 and 2,
# to defeat the redundancy provided by two separate UPS units.
fencing_topology attr:rack=1 apc01,apc02
# Fencing for all machines named green.* is done using the pear
# fencing device first, while all machines named red.* are fenced
# using the apple fencing device first.
fencing_topology \
pattern:green.* pear apple \
pattern:red.* apple pear
filter
This command filters the given CIB elements through an external program. The program should accept
input on stdin and send output to stdout (the standard UNIX filter conventions). As with the show
command, the user may choose to filter all or just a subset of elements.
It is possible to filter the XML representation of objects, but probably not as useful as the
configuration language. The presentation is somewhat different from what would be displayed by the
show command---each element is shown on a single line, i.e., there are no backslashes and no other
embellishments.
Don’t forget to put quotes around the filter if it contains spaces.
Usage:
filter <prog> [xml] [<id> ...]
filter <prog> [xml] changed
Examples:
filter "sed '/^primitive/s/target-role=[^ ]*//'"
# crm configure filter "sed '/^primitive/s/target-role=[^ ]*//'"
crm configure <<END
filter "sed '/threshold=\"1\"/s/=\"1\"/=\"0\"/g'"
END
Note on quotation marks
Filter commands which feature a blend of quotation marks can be difficult to get right, especially
when used directly from bash, since bash does its own quotation parsing. In these cases, it can be
easier to supply the filter command as standard input. See the last example above.
get-property
Show the value of the given property. If the value is not set, the command will print the default
value for the property, if known.
If no property name is passed to the command, the list of known cluster properties is printed.
If the property is set multiple times, for example using multiple property sets with different rule
expressions, the output of this command is undefined.
Pass the argument -t or --true to get-property to translate the argument value into true or false. If
the value is not set, the command will print false.
Usage:
get-property [-t|--true] [<name>]
Example:
get-property stonith-enabled
get-property -t maintenance-mode
graph
Create a graphviz graphical layout from the current cluster configuration.
Currently, only dot (directed graph) is supported. It is essentially a visualization of resource
ordering.
The graph may be saved to a file which can be used as source for various graphviz tools (by default
it is displayed in the user’s X11 session). Optionally, by specifying the format, one can also
produce an image instead.
For more or different graphviz attributes, it is possible to save the default set of attributes to an
ini file. If this file exists it will always override the builtin settings. The exportsettings
subcommand also prints the location of the ini file.
Usage:
graph [<gtype> [<file> [<img_format>]]]
graph exportsettings
gtype :: dot
img_format :: `dot` output format (see the +-T+ option)
Example:
graph dot
graph dot clu1.conf.dot
graph dot clu1.conf.svg svg
group
The group command creates a group of resources. This can be useful when resources depend on other
resources and require that those resources start in order on the same node. A common use of resource
groups is to ensure that a server and a virtual IP are located together, and that the virtual IP is
started before the server.
Grouped resources are started in the order they appear in the group, and stopped in the reverse
order. If a resource in the group cannot run anywhere, resources following it in the group will not
start.
group can be passed the "container" meta attribute, to indicate that it is to be used to group VM
resources monitored using Nagios. The resource referred to by the container attribute must be of type
ocf:heartbeat:Xen, ocf:heartbeat:VirtualDomain or ocf:heartbeat:lxc.
Usage:
group <name> <rsc> [<rsc>...]
[description=<description>]
[meta attr_list]
[params attr_list]
attr_list :: [$id=<id>] <attr>=<val> [<attr>=<val>...] | $id-ref=<id>
Example:
group internal_www disk0 fs0 internal_ip apache \
meta target_role=stopped
group vm-and-services vm vm-sshd meta container="vm"
load
Load a part of configuration (or all of it) from a local file or a network URL. The replace method
replaces the current configuration with the one from the source. The update method tries to import
the contents into the current configuration. The push method imports the contents into the current
configuration and removes any lines that are not present in the given configuration. The file may be
a CLI file or an XML file.
If the URL is -, the configuration is read from standard input.
Usage:
load [xml] <method> URL
method :: replace | update | push
Example:
load xml update myfirstcib.xml
load xml replace http://storage.big.com/cibs/bigcib.xml
load xml push smallcib.xml
location
location defines the preference of nodes for the given resource. The location constraints consist of
one or more rules which specify a score to be awarded if the rule matches.
The resource referenced by the location constraint can be one of the following:
• Plain resource reference: location loc1 webserver 100: node1
• Resource set in curly brackets: location loc1 { virtual-ip webserver } 100: node1
• Tag containing resource ids: location loc1 tag1 100: node1
• Resource pattern: location loc1 /web.*/ 100: node1
The resource-discovery attribute allows probes to be selectively enabled or disabled per resource and
node.
The syntax for resource sets is described in detail for colocation.
For more details on how to configure resource sets, see Syntax: Resource sets.
For more information on rule expressions, see Syntax: Rule expressions.
Usage:
location <id> <rsc> [<attributes>] {<node_pref>|<rules>}
rsc :: /<rsc-pattern>/
| { resource_sets }
| <rsc>
attributes :: role=<role> | resource-discovery=always|never|exclusive
node_pref :: <score>: <node>
rules ::
rule [id_spec] [$role=<role>] <score>: <expression>
[rule [id_spec] [$role=<role>] <score>: <expression> ...]
id_spec :: $id=<id> | $id-ref=<id>
score :: <number> | <attribute> | [-]inf
expression :: <simple_exp> [<bool_op> <simple_exp> ...]
bool_op :: or | and
simple_exp :: <attribute> [type:]<binary_op> <value>
| <unary_op> <attribute>
| date <date_expr>
type :: string | version | number
binary_op :: lt | gt | lte | gte | eq | ne
unary_op :: defined | not_defined
date_expr :: lt <end>
| gt <start>
| in start=<start> end=<end>
| in start=<start> <duration>
| spec <date_spec>
duration|date_spec ::
hours=<value>
| monthdays=<value>
| weekdays=<value>
| yearsdays=<value>
| months=<value>
| weeks=<value>
| years=<value>
| weekyears=<value>
| moon=<value>
Examples:
location conn_1 internal_www 100: node1
location conn_1 internal_www \
rule 50: #uname eq node1 \
rule pingd: defined pingd
location conn_2 dummy_float \
rule -inf: not_defined pingd or pingd number:lte 0
# never probe for rsc1 on node1
location no-probe rsc1 resource-discovery=never -inf: node1
modgroup
Add or remove primitives in a group. The add subcommand appends the new group member by default.
Should it go elsewhere, there are after and before clauses.
Usage:
modgroup <id> add <id> [after <id>|before <id>]
modgroup <id> remove <id>
Examples:
modgroup share1 add storage2 before share1-fs
monitor
Monitor is by far the most common operation. It is possible to add it without editing the whole
resource. Also, long primitive definitions may be a bit uncluttered. In order to make this command as
concise as possible, less common operation attributes are not available. If you need them, then use
the op part of the primitive command.
Usage:
monitor <rsc>[:<role>] <interval>[:<timeout>]
Example:
monitor apcfence 60m:60s
Note that after executing the command, the monitor operation may be shown as part of the primitive
definition.
ms (master)
The ms command creates a master/slave resource type. It may contain a single primitive resource or
one group of resources.
Usage:
ms <name> <rsc>
[description=<description>]
[meta attr_list]
[params attr_list]
attr_list :: [$id=<id>] <attr>=<val> [<attr>=<val>...] | $id-ref=<id>
Example:
ms disk1 drbd1 \
meta notify=true globally-unique=false
Note on ms deprecated
From Pacemaker-2.0, the resource type referred to as "master/slave", "stateful", or "multi-state" is
no longer a separate resource type, but a variation of clone now referred to as a "promotable clone".
For backward compatibility, above configurations are also accepted.
clone disk1 drbd1 \
meta promotable=true notify=true globally-unique=false
Note on id-ref usage
Instance or meta attributes (‘params` and meta) may contain a reference to another set of attributes.
In that case, no other attributes are allowed. Since attribute sets’ ids, though they do exist, are
not shown in the crm, it is also possible to reference an object instead of an attribute set. crm
will automatically replace such a reference with the right id:
crm(live)configure# primitive a2 www-2 meta $id-ref=a1
crm(live)configure# show a2
primitive a2 apache \
meta $id-ref=a1-meta_attributes
[...]
It is advisable to give meaningful names to attribute sets which are going to be referenced.
node
The node command describes a cluster node. Nodes in the CIB are commonly created automatically by the
CRM. Hence, you should not need to deal with nodes unless you also want to define node attributes.
Note that it is also possible to manage node attributes at the node level.
Usage:
node [$id=<id>] <uname>[:<type>]
[description=<description>]
[attributes [$id=<id>] [<score>:] [rule...]
<param>=<value> [<param>=<value>...]] | $id-ref=<ref>
[utilization [$id=<id>] [<score>:] [rule...]
<param>=<value> [<param>=<value>...]] | $id-ref=<ref>
type :: normal | member | ping | remote
Example:
node node1
node big_node attributes memory=64
op_defaults
Set defaults for the operations meta attributes.
For more information on rule expressions, see Syntax: Rule expressions.
Usage:
op_defaults [$id=<set_id>] [rule ...] <option>=<value> [<option>=<value> ...]
Example:
op_defaults record-pending=true
order
This constraint expresses the order of actions on two resources or more resources. If there are more
than two resources, then the constraint is called a resource set.
Ordered resource sets have an extra attribute to allow for sets of resources whose actions may run in
parallel. The shell syntax for such sets is to put resources in parentheses.
If the subsequent resource can start or promote after any one of the resources in a set has done,
enclose the set in brackets ([ and ]).
Sets cannot be nested.
Three strings are reserved to specify a kind of order constraint: Mandatory, Optional, and Serialize.
It is preferred to use one of these settings instead of score. Previous versions mapped scores 0 and
inf to keywords advisory and mandatory. That is still valid but deprecated.
For more details on how to configure resource sets, see Syntax: Resource sets.
Usage:
order <id> [kind:] first then [symmetrical=<bool>]
order <id> [kind:] resource_sets [symmetrical=<bool>]
kind :: Mandatory | Optional | Serialize
first :: <rsc>[:<action>]
then :: <rsc>[:<action>]
resource_sets :: resource_set [resource_set ...]
resource_set :: ["["|"("] <rsc>[:<action>] [<rsc>[:<action>] ...] \
[attributes] ["]"|")"]
attributes :: [require-all=(true|false)] [sequential=(true|false)]
Example:
order o-1 Mandatory: apache:start ip_1
order o-2 Serialize: A ( B C )
order o-4 first-resource then-resource
primitive
The primitive command describes a resource. It may be referenced only once in group, or clone
objects. If it’s not referenced, then it is placed as a single resource in the CIB.
Operations may be specified anonymously, as a group or by reference:
• "Anonymous", as a list of op specifications. Use this method if you don’t need to reference the
set of operations elsewhere. This is the most common way to define operations.
• If reusing operation sets is desired, use the operations keyword along with an id to give the
operations set a name. Use the operations keyword and an id-ref value set to the id of another
operations set, to apply the same set of operations to this primitive.
Operation attributes which are not recognized are saved as instance attributes of that operation. A
typical example is OCF_CHECK_LEVEL.
For multistate resources, roles are specified as role=<role>. The Master/Slave resources are
deprecated and replaced by Promoted/Unpromoted promotable resources if desired.
A template may be defined for resources which are of the same type and which share most of the
configuration. See rsc_template for more information.
Attributes containing time values, such as the interval attribute on operations, are configured
either as a plain number, which is interpreted as a time in seconds, or using one of the following
suffixes:
• s, sec - time in seconds (same as no suffix)
• ms, msec - time in milliseconds
• us, usec - time in microseconds
• m, min - time in minutes
• h, hr - time in hours
Usage:
primitive <rsc> {[<class>:[<provider>:]]<type>|@<template>}
[description=<description>]
[[params] attr_list]
[meta attr_list]
[utilization attr_list]
[operations id_spec]
[op op_type [<attribute>=<value>...]
[[op_params] attr_list]
[op_meta attr_list] ...]
attr_list :: [$id=<id>] [<score>:] [rule...]
<attr>=<val> [<attr>=<val>...]] | $id-ref=<id>
id_spec :: $id=<id> | $id-ref=<id>
op_type :: start | stop | monitor
Example:
primitive apcfence stonith:apcsmart \
params ttydev=/dev/ttyS0 hostlist="node1 node2" \
op start timeout=60s \
op monitor interval=30m timeout=60s
primitive www8 apache \
configfile=/etc/apache/www8.conf \
operations $id-ref=apache_ops
primitive db0 mysql \
params config=/etc/mysql/db0.conf \
op monitor interval=60s \
op monitor interval=300s OCF_CHECK_LEVEL=10
primitive r0 ocf:linbit:drbd \
params drbd_resource=r0 \
op monitor role=Promoted interval=60s \
op monitor role=Unpromoted interval=300s
primitive xen0 @vm_scheme1 xmfile=/etc/xen/vm/xen0
primitive mySpecialRsc Special \
params 3: rule #uname eq node1 interface=eth1 \
params 2: rule #uname eq node2 interface=eth2 port=8888 \
params 1: interface=eth0 port=9999
primitive A ocf:pacemaker:Dummy \
op start \
op_meta 2: rule #ra-version version:gt 1.0 timeout=120s \
op_meta 1: timeout=60s
property
Set cluster configuration properties. To list the available cluster configuration properties, use the
ra info command with pengine, crmd, cib and stonithd as arguments. When setting the maintenance-mode
property, it will inform the user if there are nodes or resources that have the maintenance property.
For more information on rule expressions, see Syntax: Rule expressions.
Usage:
property [<set_id>:] [rule ...] <option>=<value> [<option>=<value> ...]
Example:
property stonith-enabled=true
property rule date spec years=2014 stonith-enabled=false
ptest (simulate)
Show PE (Policy Engine) motions using ptest(8) or crm_simulate(8).
A CIB is constructed using the current user edited configuration and the status from the running CIB.
The resulting CIB is run through ptest (or crm_simulate) to show changes which would happen if the
configuration is committed.
The status section may be loaded from another source and modified using the cibstatus level commands.
In that case, the ptest command will issue a message informing the user that the Policy Engine graph
is not calculated based on the current status section and therefore won’t show what would happen to
the running but some imaginary cluster.
If you have graphviz installed and X11 session, dotty(1) is run to display the changes graphically.
Add a string of v characters to increase verbosity. ptest can also show allocation scores.
utilization turns on information about the remaining capacity of nodes. With the actions option,
ptest will print all resource actions.
The ptest program has been replaced by crm_simulate in newer Pacemaker versions. In some
installations both could be installed. Use simulate to enfore using crm_simulate.
Usage:
ptest [nograph] [v...] [scores] [actions] [utilization]
Examples:
ptest scores
ptest vvvvv
simulate actions
refresh
Refresh the internal structures from the CIB. All changes made during this session are lost.
Usage:
refresh
rename
Rename an object. It is recommended to use this command to rename a resource, because it will take
care of updating all related constraints and a parent resource. Changing ids with the edit command
won’t have the same effect.
If you want to rename a resource, it must be in the stopped state.
Usage:
rename <old_id> <new_id>
role
An ACL role is a set of rules which describe access rights to CIB. Rules consist of an access right
read, write, or deny and a specification denoting part of the configuration to which the access right
applies. The specification can be an XPath or a combination of tag and id references. If an attribute
is appended, then the specification applies only to that attribute of the matching element.
There is a number of shortcuts for XPath specifications. The meta, params, and utilization shortcuts
reference resource meta attributes, parameters, and utilization respectively. The location may be
used to specify location constraints most of the time to allow resource move and unmove commands. The
property references cluster properties. The node allows reading node attributes. nodeattr and
nodeutil reference node attributes and node capacity (utilization). The status shortcut references
the whole status section of the CIB. Read access to status is necessary for various monitoring tools
such as crm_mon(8) (aka crm status).
For more information on rule expressions, see Syntax: Rule expressions.
Usage:
role <role-id> rule [rule ...]
rule :: acl-right cib-spec [attribute:<attribute>]
acl-right :: read | write | deny
cib-spec :: xpath-spec | tag-ref-spec
xpath-spec :: xpath:<xpath> | shortcut
tag-ref-spec :: tag:<tag> | ref:<id> | tag:<tag> ref:<id>
shortcut :: meta:<rsc>[:<attr>]
params:<rsc>[:<attr>]
utilization:<rsc>
location:<rsc>
property[:<attr>]
node[:<node>]
nodeattr[:<attr>]
nodeutil[:<node>]
status
Example:
role app1_admin \
write meta:app1:target-role \
write meta:app1:is-managed \
write location:app1 \
read ref:app1
rsc_defaults
Set defaults for the resource meta attributes.
For more information on rule expressions, see Syntax: Rule expressions.
Usage:
rsc_defaults [<set_id>:] [rule ...] <option>=<value> [<option>=<value> ...]
Example:
rsc_defaults failure-timeout=3m
rsc_template
The rsc_template command creates a resource template. It may be referenced in primitives. It is used
to reduce large configurations with many similar resources.
Usage:
rsc_template <name> [<class>:[<provider>:]]<type>
[description=<description>]
[params attr_list]
[meta attr_list]
[utilization attr_list]
[operations id_spec]
[op op_type [<attribute>=<value>...] ...]
attr_list :: [$id=<id>] <attr>=<val> [<attr>=<val>...] | $id-ref=<id>
id_spec :: $id=<id> | $id-ref=<id>
op_type :: start | stop | monitor
Example:
rsc_template public_vm Xen \
op start timeout=300s \
op stop timeout=300s \
op monitor interval=30s timeout=60s \
op migrate_from timeout=600s \
op migrate_to timeout=600s
primitive xen0 @public_vm \
params xmfile=/etc/xen/xen0
primitive xen1 @public_vm \
params xmfile=/etc/xen/xen1
rsc_ticket
This constraint expresses dependency of resources on cluster-wide attributes, also known as tickets.
Tickets are mainly used in geo-clusters, which consist of multiple sites. A ticket may be granted to
a site, thus allowing resources to run there.
The loss-policy attribute specifies what happens to the resource (or resources) if the ticket is
revoked. The default is either stop or demote depending on whether a resource is multi-state.
See also the site set of commands.
Usage:
rsc_ticket <id> <ticket_id>: <rsc>[:<role>] [<rsc>[:<role>] ...]
[loss-policy=<loss_policy_action>]
loss_policy_action :: stop | demote | fence | freeze
Example:
rsc_ticket ticket-A_public-ip ticket-A: public-ip
rsc_ticket ticket-A_bigdb ticket-A: bigdb loss-policy=fence
rsc_ticket ticket-B_storage ticket-B: drbd-a:Promoted drbd-b:Promoted
rsctest
Test resources with current resource configuration. If no nodes are specified, tests are run on all
known nodes.
The order of resources is significant: it is assumed that later resources depend on earlier ones.
If a resource is multi-state, it is assumed that the role on which later resources depend is master.
Tests are run sequentially to prevent running the same resource on two or more nodes. Tests are
carried out only if none of the specified nodes currently run any of the specified resources.
However, it won’t verify whether resources run on the other nodes.
Superuser privileges are obviously required: either run this as root or setup the sudoers file
appropriately.
Note that resource testing may take some time.
Usage:
rsctest <rsc_id> [<rsc_id> ...] [<node_id> ...]
Examples:
rsctest my_ip websvc
rsctest websvc nodeB
save
Save the current configuration to a file. Optionally, as XML. Use - instead of file name to write the
output to stdout.
The save command accepts the same selection arguments as the show command. See the help section for
show for more details.
Usage:
save [xml] [<id> | type:<type | tag:<tag> |
related:<obj> | changed ...] <file>
Example:
save myfirstcib.txt
save web-server server-config.txt
schema
CIB’s content is validated by a RNG schema. Pacemaker supports several, depending on version. At
least the following schemas are accepted by crmsh:
• pacemaker-1.0
• pacemaker-1.1
• pacemaker-1.2
• pacemaker-1.3
• pacemaker-2.0
Use this command to display or switch to another RNG schema.
Usage:
schema [<schema>]
Example:
schema pacemaker-1.1
set
Set the value of a configured attribute. The attribute must configured previously, and can be an
agent parameter, meta attribute, utilization value or operation value.
The first argument to the command is a path to an attribute. This is a dot-separated sequence
beginning with the name of the resource or object, and ending with the name of the attribute to set.
To set operation value, op_type should be specified; when multi operations exist like multi monitors,
interval should be specified.
Usage:
set <path> <value>
path:: id.[op_type.][interval.]name
Examples:
set vip1.ip 192.168.20.5
set vm-a.force_stop 1
set vip1.monitor.on-fail ignore
set drbd.monitor.10s.interval 20s
show
The show command displays CIB objects. Without any argument, it displays all objects in the CIB, but
the set of objects displayed by show can be limited to only objects with the given IDs or by using
one or more of the special prefixes described below.
The XML representation for the objects can be displayed by passing xml as the first argument.
To show one or more specific objects, pass the object IDs as arguments.
To show all objects of a certain type, use the type: prefix.
To show all objects in a tag, use the tag: prefix.
To show all constraints related to a primitive, or to show all objects of a certain RA type, use the
related: prefix.
To show all modified objects, pass the argument changed.
The prefixes can be used together on a single command line. For example, to show both the tag itself
and the objects tagged by it the following combination can be used: show tag:my-tag my-tag.
To refine a selection of objects using multiple modifiers, the keywords and and or can be used. For
example, to select all primitives tagged foo, the following combination can be used: show
type:primitive and tag:foo.
To hide values when displaying the configuration, use the obscure:<glob> argument. This can be useful
when sending the configuration over a public channel, to avoid exposing potentially sensitive
information. The <glob> argument is a bash-style pattern matching attribute keys.
In /etc/crm/crm.conf, obscure_pattern option is the persisent configuration of CLI. Example, for the
high security concern,
[core]
obscure_pattern = passw* | ip
Which makes crm configure show is equal to
node-1:~ # crm configure show obscure:passw* obscure:ip
node 1084783297: node1
primitive fence_device stonith:fence_ilo5 \
params password="******"
primitive ip IPaddr2 \
params ip="******"
The default suggestion is passw* If you don’t want to obscure, change the value to blank.
Usage:
show [xml] [<id>
| changed
| type:<type>
| tag:<id>
| related:<obj>
| obscure:<glob>
...]
type :: node | primitive | group | clone | ms | rsc_template
| location | colocation | order
| rsc_ticket
| property | rsc_defaults | op_defaults
| fencing_topology
| role | user | acl_target
| tag
Example:
show webapp
show type:primitive
show xml tag:db tag:fs
show related:webapp
show related:IPaddr2
show related:ipad
show related:ocf:heartbeat:Dummy
show related:ocf:heartbeat:dum
show related:ocf
show related:heartbeat
show related:pacemaker
show related:suse
show related:stonith
show type:primitive obscure:passwd
tag
Define a resource tag. A tag is an id referring to one or more resources, without implying any
constraints between the tagged resources. This can be useful for grouping conceptually related
resources.
Usage:
tag <tag-name>: <rsc> [<rsc> ...]
tag <tag-name> <rsc> [<rsc> ...]
Example:
tag web: p-webserver p-vip
tag ips server-vip admin-vip
template
The specified template is loaded into the editor. It’s up to the user to make a good CRM
configuration out of it. See also the template section.
Usage:
template [xml] url
Example:
template two-apaches.txt
upgrade
Attempts to upgrade the CIB to validate with the current version. Commonly, this is required if the
error CIB not supported occurs. It typically means that the active CIB version is coming from an
older release.
As a safety precaution, the force argument is required if the validation-with attribute is set to
anything other than 0.6. Thus in most cases, it is required.
Usage:
upgrade [force]
Example:
upgrade force
user
Users which normally cannot view or manage cluster configuration can be allowed access to parts of
the CIB. The access is defined by a set of read, write, and deny rules as in role definitions or by
referencing roles. The latter is considered best practice.
For more information on rule expressions, see Syntax: Rule expressions.
Usage:
user <uid> {roles|rules}
roles :: role:<role-ref> [role:<role-ref> ...]
rules :: rule [rule ...]
Example:
user joe \
role:app1_admin \
role:read_all
validate-all
Call the validate-all action for the resource, if possible.
Limitations:
• The resource agent must implement the validate-all action.
• The current user must be root.
• The primitive resource must not use nvpair references.
Usage:
validate-all <rsc>
verify
Verify the contents of the CIB which would be committed.
Usage:
verify
xml
Even though we promissed no xml, it may happen, but hopefully very very seldom, that an element from
the CIB cannot be rendered in the configuration language. In that case, the element will be shown as
raw xml, prefixed by this command. That element can then be edited like any other. If the shell finds
out that after the change it can digest it, then it is going to be converted into the normal
configuration language. Otherwise, there is no need to use xml for configuration.
Usage:
xml <xml>
template - Import configuration from templates
User may be assisted in the cluster configuration by templates prepared in advance. Templates consist of
a typical ready configuration which may be edited to suit particular user needs.
This command enters a template level where additional commands for configuration/template management are
available.
apply
Copy the current or given configuration to the current CIB. By default, the CIB is replaced, unless
the method is set to "update".
Usage:
apply [<method>] [<config>]
method :: replace | update
delete
Remove a configuration. The loaded (active) configuration may be removed by force.
Usage:
delete <config> [force]
edit
Edit current or given configuration using your favourite editor.
Usage:
edit [<config>]
list
When called with no argument, lists existing templates and configurations.
Given the argument templates, lists the available templates.
Given the argument configs, lists the available configurations.
Usage:
list [templates|configs]
load
Load an existing configuration. Further edit, show, and apply commands will refer to this
configuration.
Usage:
load <config>
new
Create a new configuration from one or more templates. Note that configurations and templates are
kept in different places, so it is possible to have a configuration name equal a template name.
If you already know which parameters are required, you can set them directly on the command line.
The parameter name id is set by default to the name of the configuration.
If no parameters are being set and you don’t want a particular name for your configuration, you can
call this command with a template name as the only parameter. A unique configuration name based on
the template name will be generated.
Usage:
new [<config>] <template> [<template> ...] [params name=value ...]
Example:
new vip virtual-ip
new bigfs ocfs2 params device=/dev/sdx8 directory=/bigfs
new apache
show
Process the current or given configuration and display the result.
Usage:
show [<config>]
cibstatus - CIB status management and editing
The status section of the CIB keeps the current status of nodes and resources. It is modified only on
events, i.e. when some resource operation is run or node status changes. For obvious reasons, the CRM has
no user interface with which it is possible to affect the status section. From the user’s point of view,
the status section is essentially a read-only part of the CIB. The current status is never even written
to disk, though it is available in the PE (Policy Engine) input files which represent the history of
cluster motions. The current status may be read using the cibadmin -Q command.
It may sometimes be of interest to see how status changes would affect the Policy Engine. The set of
‘cibstatus` level commands allow the user to load status sections from various sources and then insert or
modify resource operations or change nodes’ state.
The effect of those changes may then be observed by running the ptest command at the configure level or
simulate and run commands at this level. The ptest runs with the user edited CIB whereas the latter two
commands run with the CIB which was loaded along with the status section.
The simulate and run commands as well as all status modification commands are implemented using
crm_simulate(8).
load
Load a status section from a file, a shadow CIB, or the running cluster. By default, the current
(live) status section is modified. Note that if the live status section is modified it is not going
to be updated if the cluster status changes, because that would overwrite the user changes. To make
crm drop changes and resume use of the running cluster status, run load live.
All CIB shadow configurations contain the status section which is a snapshot of the status section
taken at the time the shadow was created. Obviously, this status section doesn’t have much to do with
the running cluster status, unless the shadow CIB has just been created. Therefore, the ptest command
by default uses the running cluster status section.
Usage:
load {<file>|shadow:<cib>|live}
Example:
load bug-12299.xml
load shadow:test1
node
Change the node status. It is possible to throw a node out of the cluster, make it a member, or set
its state to unclean.
online
Set the node_state crmd attribute to online and the expected and join attributes to member. The
effect is that the node becomes a cluster member.
offline
Set the node_state crmd attribute to offline and the expected attribute to empty. This makes the
node cleanly removed from the cluster.
unclean
Set the node_state crmd attribute to offline and the expected attribute to member. In this case
the node has unexpectedly disappeared.
Usage:
node <node> {online|offline|unclean}
Example:
node xen-b unclean
op
Edit the outcome of a resource operation. This way you can tell CRM that it ran an operation and that
the resource agent returned certain exit code. It is also possible to change the operation’s status.
In case the operation status is set to something other than done, the exit code is effectively
ignored.
Usage:
op <operation> <resource> <exit_code> [<op_status>] [<node>]
operation :: probe | monitor[:<n>] | start | stop |
promote | demote | notify | migrate_to | migrate_from
exit_code :: <rc> | success | generic | args |
unimplemented | perm | installed | configured | not_running |
master | failed_master
op_status :: pending | done | cancelled | timeout | notsupported | error
n :: the monitor interval in seconds; if omitted, the first
recurring operation is referenced
rc :: numeric exit code in range 0..9
Example:
op start d1 xen-b generic
op start d1 xen-b 1
op monitor d1 xen-b not_running
op stop d1 xen-b 0 timeout
origin
Show the origin of the status section currently in use. This essentially shows the latest load
argument.
Usage:
origin
quorum
Set the quorum value.
Usage:
quorum <bool>
Example:
quorum false
run
Run the policy engine with the edited status section.
Add a string of v characters to increase verbosity. Specify scores to see allocation scores also.
utilization turns on information about the remaining capacity of nodes.
If you have graphviz installed and X11 session, dotty(1) is run to display the changes graphically.
Usage:
run [nograph] [v...] [scores] [utilization]
Example:
run
save
The current internal status section with whatever modifications were performed can be saved to a file
or shadow CIB.
If the file exists and contains a complete CIB, only the status section is going to be replaced and
the rest of the CIB will remain intact. Otherwise, the current user edited configuration is saved
along with the status section.
Note that all modifications are saved in the source file as soon as they are run.
Usage:
save [<file>|shadow:<cib>]
Example:
save bug-12299.xml
show
Show the current status section in the XML format. Brace yourself for some unreadable output. Add
changed option to get a human readable output of all changes.
Usage:
show [changed]
simulate
Run the policy engine with the edited status section and simulate the transition.
Add a string of v characters to increase verbosity. Specify scores to see allocation scores also.
utilization turns on information about the remaining capacity of nodes.
If you have graphviz installed and X11 session, dotty(1) is run to display the changes graphically.
Usage:
simulate [nograph] [v...] [scores] [utilization]
Example:
simulate
ticket
Modify the ticket status. Tickets can be granted and revoked. Granted tickets could be activated or
put in standby.
Usage:
ticket <ticket> {grant|revoke|activate|standby}
Example:
ticket ticketA grant
assist - Configuration assistant
The assist sublevel is a collection of helper commands that create or modify resources and constraints,
to simplify the creation of certain configurations.
For more information on individual commands, see the help text for those commands.
template
This command takes a list of primitives as argument, and creates a new rsc_template for these
primitives. It can only do this if the primitives do not already share a template and are of the same
type.
Usage:
template primitive-1 primitive-2 primitive-3
weak-bond
A colocation between a group of resources says that the resources should be located together, but it
also means that those resources are dependent on each other. If one of the resources fails, the
others will be restarted.
If this is not desired, it is possible to circumvent: By placing the resources in a non-sequential
set and colocating the set with a dummy resource which is not monitored, the resources will be placed
together but will have no further dependency on each other.
This command creates both the constraint and the dummy resource needed for such a colocation.
Usage:
weak-bond resource-1 resource-2
maintenance - Maintenance mode commands
Maintenance mode commands are commands that manipulate resources directly without going through the
cluster infrastructure. Therefore, it is essential to ensure that the cluster does not attempt to monitor
or manipulate the resources while these commands are being executed.
To ensure this, these commands require that maintenance mode is set either for the particular resource,
or for the whole cluster.
action
Invokes the given action for the resource. This is done directly via the resource agent, so the
command must be issued while the cluster or the resource is in maintenance mode.
Unless the action is start or monitor, the action must be invoked on the same node as where the
resource is running. If the resource is running on multiple nodes, the command will fail.
To use SSH for executing resource actions on multiple nodes, append ssh after the action name. This
requires SSH access to be configured between the nodes and the parallax python package to be
installed.
Usage:
action <rsc> <action>
action <rsc> <action> ssh
Example:
action webserver reload
action webserver monitor ssh
off
Disables maintenances mode, either for the whole cluster or for the given resource.
Usage:
off
off <rsc>
Example:
off rsc1
on
Enables maintenances mode, either for the whole cluster or for the given resource.
Usage:
on
on <rsc>
Example:
on rsc1
history - Cluster history
Examining Pacemaker’s history is a particularly involved task. The number of subsystems to be considered,
the complexity of the configuration, and the set of various information sources, most of which are not
exactly human readable, keep analyzing resource or node problems accessible to only the most
knowledgeable. Or, depending on the point of view, to the most persistent. The following set of commands
has been devised in hope to make cluster history more accessible.
Of course, looking at all history could be time consuming regardless of how good the tools at hand are.
Therefore, one should first say which period he or she wants to analyze. If not otherwise specified, the
last hour is considered. Logs and other relevant information is collected using crm report. Since this
process takes some time and we always need fresh logs, information is refreshed in a much faster way
using the python parallax module. If python-parallax is not found on the system, examining a live cluster
is still possible — though not as comfortable.
Apart from examining a live cluster, events may be retrieved from a report generated by crm report (see
also the -H option). In that case we assume that the period stretching the whole report needs to be
investigated. Of course, it is still possible to further reduce the time range.
If you have discovered an issue that you want to show someone else, you can use the session pack command
to save the current session as a tarball, similar to those generated by crm report.
In order to minimize the size of the tarball, and to make it easier for others to find the interesting
events, it is recommended to limit the time frame which the saved session covers. This can be done using
the timeframe command (example below).
It is also possible to name the saved session using the session save command.
Example:
crm(live)history# limit "Jul 18 12:00" "Jul 18 12:30"
crm(live)history# session save strange_restart
crm(live)history# session pack
Report saved in .../strange_restart.tar.bz2
crm(live)history#
detail
How much detail to show from the logs. Valid detail levels are either 0 or 1, where 1 is the highest
detail level. The default detail level is 0.
Usage:
detail <detail_level>
detail_level :: small integer (defaults to 0)
Example:
detail 1
diff
A transition represents a change in cluster configuration or state. Use diff to see what has changed
between two transitions.
If you want to specify the current cluster configuration and status, use the string live.
Normally, the first transition specified should be the one which is older, but we are not going to
enforce that.
Note that a single configuration update may result in more than one transition.
Usage:
diff <pe> <pe> [status] [html]
pe :: <number>|<index>|<file>|live
Examples:
diff 2066 2067
diff pe-input-2080.bz2 live status
events
By analysing the log output and looking for particular patterns, the events command helps sifting
through the logs to find when particular events like resources changing state or node failure may
have occurred.
This can be used to generate a combined list of events from all nodes.
Usage:
events
Example:
events
exclude
If a log is infested with irrelevant messages, those messages may be excluded by specifying a regular
expression. The regular expressions used are Python extended. This command is additive. To drop all
regular expressions, use exclude clear. Run exclude only to see the current list of regular
expressions. Excludes are saved along with the history sessions.
Usage:
exclude [<regex>|clear]
Example:
exclude kernel.*ocfs2
graph
Create a graphviz graphical layout from the PE file (the transition). Every transition contains the
cluster configuration which was active at the time. See also generate a directed graph from
configuration.
Usage:
graph <pe> [<gtype> [<file> [<img_format>]]]
gtype :: dot
img_format :: `dot` output format (see the +-T+ option)
Example:
graph -1
graph 322 dot clu1.conf.dot
graph 322 dot clu1.conf.svg svg
info
The info command provides a summary of the information source, which can be either a live cluster
snapshot or a previously generated report.
Usage:
info
Example:
info
latest
The latest command shows a bit of recent history, more precisely whatever happened since the last
cluster change (the latest transition). If the transition is running, the shell will first wait until
it finishes.
Usage:
latest
Example:
latest
limit (timeframe)
This command can be used to modify the time span to examine. All history commands look at events
within a certain time span.
For the live source, the default time span is the last hour.
There is no time span limit for the crm report source.
The time period is parsed by the dateutil python module. It covers a wide range of date formats. For
instance:
• 3:00 (today at 3am)
• 15:00 (today at 3pm)
• 2010/9/1 2pm (September 1st 2010 at 2pm)
For more examples of valid time/date statements, please refer to the python-dateutil documentation:
• dateutil.readthedocs.org
If the dateutil module is not available, then the time is parsed using strptime and only the kind as
printed by date(1) is allowed:
• Tue Sep 15 20:46:27 CEST 2010
Usage:
limit [<from_time>] [<to_time>]
Examples:
limit 10:15
limit 15h22m 16h
limit "Sun 5 20:46" "Sun 5 22:00"
log
Show messages logged on one or more nodes. Leaving out a node name produces combined logs of all
nodes. Messages are sorted by time and, if the terminal emulations supports it, displayed in
different colours depending on the node to allow for easier reading.
The sorting key is the timestamp as written by syslog which normally has the maximum resolution of
one second. Obviously, messages generated by events which share the same timestamp may not be sorted
in the same way as they happened. Such close events may actually happen fairly often.
Usage:
log [<node> [<node> ...] ]
Example:
log node-a
node
Show important events that happened on a node. Important events are node lost and join, standby and
online, and fence. Use either node names or extended regular expressions.
Usage:
node <node> [<node> ...]
Example:
node node1
peinputs
Every event in the cluster results in generating one or more Policy Engine (PE) files. These files
describe future motions of resources. The files are listed as full paths in the current report
directory. Add v to also see the creation time stamps.
Usage:
peinputs [{<range>|<number>} ...] [v]
range :: <n1>:<n2>
Example:
peinputs
peinputs 440:444 446
peinputs v
refresh
This command makes sense only for the live source and makes crm collect the latest logs and other
relevant information from the logs. If you want to make a completely new report, specify force.
Usage:
refresh [force]
resource
Show actions and any failures that happened on all specified resources on all nodes. Normally, one
gives resource names as arguments, but it is also possible to use extended regular expressions. Note
that neither groups nor clones or master/slave names are ever logged. The resource command is going
to expand all of these appropriately, so that clone instances or resources which are part of a group
are shown.
Usage:
resource <rsc> [<rsc> ...]
Example:
resource bigdb public_ip
resource my_.*_db2
resource ping_clone
session
Sometimes you may want to get back to examining a particular history period or bug report. In order
to make that easier, the current settings can be saved and later retrieved.
If the current history being examined is coming from a live cluster the logs, PE inputs, and other
files are saved too, because they may disappear from nodes. For the existing reports coming from crm
report, only the directory location is saved (not to waste space).
A history session may also be packed into a tarball which can then be sent to support.
Leave out subcommand to see the current session.
Usage:
session [{save|load|delete} <name> | pack [<name>] | update | list]
Examples:
session save bnc966622
session load rsclost-2
session list
setnodes
In case the host this program runs on is not part of the cluster, it is necessary to set the list of
nodes.
Usage:
setnodes node <node> [<node> ...]
Example:
setnodes node_a node_b
show
Every transition is saved as a PE file. Use this command to render that PE file either as
configuration or status. The configuration output is the same as crm configure show.
Usage:
show <pe> [status]
pe :: <number>|<index>|<file>|live
Examples:
show 2066
show pe-input-2080.bz2 status
source
Events to be examined can come from the current cluster or from a crm report report. This command
sets the source. source live sets source to the running cluster and system logs. If no source is
specified, the current source information is printed.
In case a report source is specified as a file reference, the file is going to be unpacked in place
where it resides. This directory is not removed on exit.
Usage:
source [<dir>|<file>|live]
Examples:
source live
source /tmp/customer_case_22.tar.bz2
source /tmp/customer_case_22
source
transition
This command will print actions planned by the PE and run graphviz (dotty) to display a graphical
representation of the transition. Of course, for the latter an X11 session is required. This command
invokes ptest(8) in background.
The showdot subcommand runs graphviz (dotty) to display a graphical representation of the .dot file
which has been included in the report. Essentially, it shows the calculation produced by pengine
which is installed on the node where the report was produced. In optimal case this output should not
differ from the one produced by the locally installed pengine.
The log subcommand shows the full log for the duration of the transition.
A transition can also be saved to a CIB shadow for further analysis or use with cib or configure
commands (use the save subcommand). The shadow file name defaults to the name of the PE input file.
If the PE input file number is not provided, it defaults to the last one, i.e. the last transition.
The last transition can also be referenced with number 0. If the number is negative, then the
corresponding transition relative to the last one is chosen.
If there are warning and error PE input files or different nodes were the DC in the observed
timeframe, it may happen that PE input file numbers collide. In that case provide some unique part of
the path to the file.
After the ptest output, logs about events that happened during the transition are printed.
The tags subcommand scans the logs for the transition and return a list of key events during that
transition. For example, the tag error will be returned if there are any errors logged during the
transition.
Usage:
transition [<number>|<index>|<file>] [nograph] [v...] [scores] [actions] [utilization]
transition showdot [<number>|<index>|<file>]
transition log [<number>|<index>|<file>]
transition save [<number>|<index>|<file> [name]]
transition tags [<number>|<index>|<file>]
Examples:
transition
transition 444
transition -1
transition pe-error-3.bz2
transition node-a/pengine/pe-input-2.bz2
transition showdot 444
transition log
transition save 0 enigma-22
transitions
A transition represents a change in cluster configuration or state. This command lists the
transitions in the current timeframe.
Usage:
transitions
Example:
transitions
wdiff
A transition represents a change in cluster configuration or state. Use wdiff to see what has changed
between two transitions as word differences on a line-by-line basis.
If you want to specify the current cluster configuration and status, use the string live.
Normally, the first transition specified should be the one which is older, but we are not going to
enforce that.
Note that a single configuration update may result in more than one transition.
Usage:
wdiff <pe> <pe> [status]
pe :: <number>|<index>|<file>|live
Examples:
wdiff 2066 2067
wdiff pe-input-2080.bz2 live status
report
See "crm help report" or "crm report --help"
end (cd, up)
The end command ends the current level and the user moves to the parent level. This command is available
everywhere.
Usage:
end
help
The help command prints help for the current level or for the specified topic (command). This command is
available everywhere.
Usage:
help [<topic>]
quit (exit, bye)
Leave the program.
FILES
/etc/crm/profiles.yml
Purpose
YAML file /etc/crm/profiles.yml contains Corosync, SBD and Pacemaker parameters for different
platforms.
crmsh bootstrap detects system environment and load the corresponding parameters predefined in this
file.
Syntax
profile_name:
key_name: value
The valid profile names are: "microsoft-azure", "google-cloud-platform", "amazon-web-services",
"s390", "default"
key_name is a known Corosync, SBD, or Pacemaker parameters, like corosync.totem.token or
sbd.watchdog_timeout.
More details about the parameter definitions please refer to the man page of corosync.conf(5),
sbd(8).
Example
default:
corosync.totem.crypto_hash: sha1
corosync.totem.crypto_cipher: aes256
corosync.totem.token: 5000
corosync.totem.join: 60
corosync.totem.max_messages: 20
corosync.totem.token_retransmits_before_loss_const: 10
sbd.watchdog_timeout: 15
microsoft-azure:
corosync.totem.token: 30000
sbd.watchdog_timeout: 60
How the content of the file is interpreted
The profiles has the following properties:
• Profiles are only loaded on bootstrap init node.
• The "default" profile is loaded in the beginning.
• Specific profiles will override the corresponding values in the "default" profile (if the
specific environment is detected).
• Users could customize the "default" profile for their needs. For example, those on-premise
environments which is not defined yet.
BUGS
Even though all sensible configurations (and most of those that are not) are going to be supported by the
crm shell, I suspect that it may still happen that certain XML constructs may confuse the tool. When that
happens, please file a bug report.
The crm shell will not try to update the objects it does not understand. Of course, it is always possible
to edit such objects in the XML format.
AUTHORS
Dejan Muhamedagic, <dejan@suse.de> Kristoffer Gronlund <kgronlund@suse.com> and many OTHERS
SEE ALSO
crm_resource(8), crm_attribute(8), crm_mon(8), cib_shadow(8), ptest(8), dotty(1), crm_simulate(8),
cibadmin(8)
COPYING
Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Dejan Muhamedagic. Copyright (C) 2013 Kristoffer Gronlund.
Free use of this software is granted under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL).