NAME

       systemd-escape - Escape strings for usage in systemd unit names

SYNOPSIS

       systemd-escape [OPTIONS...] [STRING...]

DESCRIPTION

       systemd-escape may be used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit names. The
       command may be used to escape and to undo escaping of strings.

       The command takes any number of strings on the command line, and will process them
       individually, one after another. It will output them separated by spaces to stdout.

       By default, this command will escape the strings passed, unless --unescape is passed which
       results in the inverse operation being applied. If --mangle is given, a special mode of
       escaping is applied instead, which assumes the string is already escaped but will escape
       everything that appears obviously non-escaped.

       For details on the escaping and unescaping algorithms see the relevant section in
       systemd.unit(5).

OPTIONS

       The following options are understood:

       --suffix=
           Appends the specified unit type suffix to the escaped string. Takes one of the unit
           types supported by systemd, such as "service" or "mount". May not be used in
           conjunction with --template=, --unescape or --mangle.

           Added in version 216.

       --template=
           Inserts the escaped strings in a unit name template. Takes a unit name template such
           as foobar@.service. With --unescape, expects instantiated unit names for this template
           and extracts and unescapes just the instance part. May not be used in conjunction with
           --suffix=, --instance or --mangle.

           Added in version 216.

       --path, -p
           When escaping or unescaping a string, assume it refers to a file system path. This
           simplifies the path (leading, trailing, and duplicate "/" characters are removed,
           no-op path "."  components are removed, and for absolute paths, leading ".."
           components are removed). After the simplification, the path must not contain "..".

           This is particularly useful for generating strings suitable for unescaping with the
           "%f" specifier in unit files, see systemd.unit(5).

           Added in version 216.

       --unescape, -u
           Instead of escaping the specified strings, undo the escaping, reversing the operation.
           May not be used in conjunction with --suffix= or --mangle.

           Added in version 216.

       --mangle, -m
           Like --escape, but only escape characters that are obviously not escaped yet, and
           possibly automatically append an appropriate unit type suffix to the string. May not
           be used in conjunction with --suffix=, --template= or --unescape.

           Added in version 216.

       --instance
           With --unescape, unescape and print only the instance part of an instantiated unit
           name template. Results in an error for an uninstantiated template like ssh@.service or
           a non-template name like ssh.service. Must be used in conjunction with --unescape and
           may not be used in conjunction with --template.

           Added in version 240.

       -h, --help
           Print a short help text and exit.

       --version
           Print a short version string and exit.

EXAMPLES

       To escape a single string:

           $ systemd-escape 'Hallöchen, Meister'
           Hall\xc3\xb6chen\x2c\x20Meister

       To undo escaping on a single string:

           $ systemd-escape -u 'Hall\xc3\xb6chen\x2c\x20Meister'
           Hallöchen, Meister

       To generate the mount unit for a path:

           $ systemd-escape -p --suffix=mount "/tmp//waldi/foobar/"
           tmp-waldi-foobar.mount

       To generate instance names of three strings:

           $ systemd-escape --template=systemd-nspawn@.service 'My Container 1' 'containerb' 'container/III'
           systemd-nspawn@My\x20Container\x201.service systemd-nspawn@containerb.service systemd-nspawn@container-III.service

       To extract the instance part of an instantiated unit:

           $ systemd-escape -u --instance 'systemd-nspawn@My\x20Container\x201.service'
           My Container 1

       To extract the instance part of an instance of a particular template:

           $ systemd-escape -u --template=systemd-nspawn@.service 'systemd-nspawn@My\x20Container\x201.service'
           My Container 1

EXIT STATUS

       On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code otherwise.

SEE ALSO

       systemd(1), systemd.unit(5), systemctl(1)