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NAME

       dladdr, dladdr1 - translate address to symbolic information

LIBRARY

       Dynamic linking library (libdl, -ldl)

SYNOPSIS

       #define _GNU_SOURCE
       #include <dlfcn.h>

       int dladdr(const void *addr, Dl_info *info);
       int dladdr1(const void *addr, Dl_info *info, void **extra_info,
                   int flags);

DESCRIPTION

       The  function  dladdr() determines whether the address specified in addr is located in one
       of the shared objects loaded by the calling application.  If it is, then dladdr()  returns
       information  about  the  shared object and symbol that overlaps addr.  This information is
       returned in a Dl_info structure:

           typedef struct {
               const char *dli_fname;  /* Pathname of shared object that
                                          contains address */
               void       *dli_fbase;  /* Base address at which shared
                                          object is loaded */
               const char *dli_sname;  /* Name of symbol whose definition
                                          overlaps addr */
               void       *dli_saddr;  /* Exact address of symbol named
                                          in dli_sname */
           } Dl_info;

       If no symbol matching addr could be found, then dli_sname and dli_saddr are set to NULL.

       The function dladdr1() is like  dladdr(),  but  returns  additional  information  via  the
       argument  extra_info.   The  information returned depends on the value specified in flags,
       which can have one of the following values:

       RTLD_DL_LINKMAP
              Obtain a pointer to the link map for the matched  file.   The  extra_info  argument
              points  to a pointer to a link_map structure (i.e., struct link_map **), defined in
              <link.h> as:

                  struct link_map {
                      ElfW(Addr) l_addr;  /* Difference between the
                                             address in the ELF file and
                                             the address in memory */
                      char      *l_name;  /* Absolute pathname where
                                             object was found */
                      ElfW(Dyn) *l_ld;    /* Dynamic section of the
                                             shared object */
                      struct link_map *l_next, *l_prev;
                                          /* Chain of loaded objects */

                      /* Plus additional fields private to the
                         implementation */
                  };

       RTLD_DL_SYMENT
              Obtain a pointer to the ELF  symbol  table  entry  of  the  matching  symbol.   The
              extra_info  argument  is  a  pointer  to a symbol pointer: const ElfW(Sym) **.  The
              ElfW() macro definition turns its argument into  the  name  of  an  ELF  data  type
              suitable  for  the  hardware  architecture.   For  example,  on  a 64-bit platform,
              ElfW(Sym) yields the data type name Elf64_Sym, which is defined in <elf.h> as:

                  typedef struct  {
                      Elf64_Word    st_name;     /* Symbol name */
                      unsigned char st_info;     /* Symbol type and binding */
                      unsigned char st_other;    /* Symbol visibility */
                      Elf64_Section st_shndx;    /* Section index */
                      Elf64_Addr    st_value;    /* Symbol value */
                      Elf64_Xword   st_size;     /* Symbol size */
                  } Elf64_Sym;

              The st_name field is an index into the string table.

              The st_info field encodes the symbol's type and binding.  The type can be extracted
              using  the  macro  ELF64_ST_TYPE(st_info) (or ELF32_ST_TYPE() on 32-bit platforms),
              which yields one of the following values:

                  Value           Description
                  STT_NOTYPE      Symbol type is unspecified
                  STT_OBJECT      Symbol is a data object
                  STT_FUNC        Symbol is a code object
                  STT_SECTION     Symbol associated with a section
                  STT_FILE        Symbol's name is filename
                  STT_COMMON      Symbol is a common data object
                  STT_TLS         Symbol is thread-local data object
                  STT_GNU_IFUNC   Symbol is indirect code object

              The symbol binding can  be  extracted  from  the  st_info  field  using  the  macro
              ELF64_ST_BIND(st_info)  (or  ELF32_ST_BIND() on 32-bit platforms), which yields one
              of the following values:

                  Value            Description
                  STB_LOCAL        Local symbol
                  STB_GLOBAL       Global symbol
                  STB_WEAK         Weak symbol
                  STB_GNU_UNIQUE   Unique symbol

              The st_other field contains the symbol's visibility, which can be  extracted  using
              the   macro   ELF64_ST_VISIBILITY(st_info)   (or  ELF32_ST_VISIBILITY()  on  32-bit
              platforms), which yields one of the following values:

                  Value           Description
                  STV_DEFAULT     Default symbol visibility rules
                  STV_INTERNAL    Processor-specific hidden class
                  STV_HIDDEN      Symbol unavailable in other modules
                  STV_PROTECTED   Not preemptible, not exported

RETURN VALUE

       On success, these functions return a nonzero value.  If  the  address  specified  in  addr
       could  be  matched  to a shared object, but not to a symbol in the shared object, then the
       info->dli_sname and info->dli_saddr fields are set to NULL.

       If the address specified in addr could not be matched  to  a  shared  object,  then  these
       functions return 0.  In this case, an error message is not available via dlerror(3).

ATTRIBUTES

       For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7).

       ┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┬───────────────┬─────────┐
       │InterfaceAttributeValue   │
       ├───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────┼─────────┤
       │dladdr(), dladdr1()                                            │ Thread safety │ MT-Safe │
       └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┴───────────────┴─────────┘

STANDARDS

       GNU.

HISTORY

       dladdr()
              glibc 2.0.

       dladdr1()
              glibc 2.3.3.

       Solaris.

BUGS

       Sometimes,  the  function  pointers  you  pass  to  dladdr()  may  surprise  you.  On some
       architectures (notably i386 and x86-64), dli_fname and dli_fbase may end up pointing  back
       at  the  object  from  which you called dladdr(), even if the function used as an argument
       should come from a dynamically linked library.

       The problem is that the function pointer will still  be  resolved  at  compile  time,  but
       merely  point  to  the plt (Procedure Linkage Table) section of the original object (which
       dispatches the call after asking the dynamic linker  to  resolve  the  symbol).   To  work
       around  this,  you  can  try  to  compile  the  code to be position-independent: then, the
       compiler cannot prepare the pointer at compile time any more and gcc(1) will generate code
       that  just  loads  the final symbol address from the got (Global Offset Table) at run time
       before passing it to dladdr().

SEE ALSO

       dl_iterate_phdr(3), dlinfo(3), dlopen(3), dlsym(3), ld.so(8)