Provided by: iproute2_6.10.0-2ubuntu1_amd64 
NAME
ip-link - network device configuration
SYNOPSIS
ip link { COMMAND | help }
ip link add [ link DEVICE ] [ name ] NAME
[ txqueuelen PACKETS ]
[ address LLADDR ] [ broadcast LLADDR ]
[ mtu MTU ] [ index IDX ]
[ numtxqueues QUEUE_COUNT ] [ numrxqueues QUEUE_COUNT ]
[ gso_max_size BYTES ] [ gso_ipv4_max_size BYTES ] [ gso_max_segs SEGMENTS ]
[ gro_max_size BYTES ] [ gro_ipv4_max_size BYTES ]
[ netns { PID | NETNSNAME | NETNSFILE } ]
type TYPE [ ARGS ]
ip link delete { DEVICE | group GROUP } type TYPE [ ARGS ]
ip link { set | change } { DEVICE | group GROUP }
[ { up | down } ]
[ type ETYPE TYPE_ARGS ]
[ arp { on | off } ]
[ dynamic { on | off } ]
[ multicast { on | off } ]
[ allmulticast { on | off } ]
[ promisc { on | off } ]
[ protodown { on | off } ]
[ protodown_reason PREASON { on | off } ]
[ trailers { on | off } ]
[ txqueuelen PACKETS ]
[ gso_max_size BYTES ] [ gso_ipv4_max_size BYTES ] [ gso_max_segs SEGMENTS ]
[ gro_max_size BYTES ] [ gro_ipv4_max_size BYTES ]
[ name NEWNAME ]
[ address LLADDR ]
[ broadcast LLADDR ]
[ mtu MTU ]
[ netns { PID | NETNSNAME | NETNSFILE } ]
[ link-netnsid ID ]
[ alias NAME ]
[ vf NUM [ mac LLADDR ]
[ VFVLAN-LIST ]
[ rate TXRATE ]
[ max_tx_rate TXRATE ]
[ min_tx_rate TXRATE ]
[ spoofchk { on | off } ]
[ query_rss { on | off } ]
[ state { auto | enable | disable } ]
[ trust { on | off } ]
[ node_guid eui64 ]
[ port_guid eui64 ] ]
[ { xdp | xdpgeneric | xdpdrv | xdpoffload } { off |
object FILE [ { section | program } NAME ] [ verbose ] |
pinned FILE } ]
[ master DEVICE ]
[ nomaster ]
[ vrf NAME ]
[ addrgenmode { eui64 | none | stable_secret | random } ]
[ macaddr [ MACADDR ]
[ { flush | add | del } MACADDR ]
[ set MACADDR ] ]
ip link show [ DEVICE | group GROUP ] [ up ] [ master DEVICE ] [ type ETYPE ] [
vrf NAME ] [ nomaster ] [ novf ]
ip link xstats type TYPE [ ARGS ]
ip link afstats [ dev DEVICE ]
ip link help [ TYPE ]
TYPE := [ amt | bareudp | bond | bridge | can | dsa | dummy | erspan | geneve |
gre | gretap | gtp | hsr | ifb | ip6erspan | ip6gre | ip6gretap | ip6tnl
| ipip | ipoib | ipvlan | ipvtap | lowpan | macsec | macvlan | macvtap |
netdevsim | netkit | nlmon | pfcp | rmnet | sit | vcan | veth |
virt_wifi | vlan | vrf | vti | vxcan | vxlan | xfrm ]
ETYPE := [ TYPE | bridge_slave | bond_slave ]
VFVLAN-LIST := [ VFVLAN-LIST ] VFVLAN
VFVLAN := [ vlan VLANID [ qos VLAN-QOS ] [ proto VLAN-PROTO ] ]
ip link property add dev DEVICE [ altname NAME .. ]
ip link property del dev DEVICE [ altname NAME .. ]
DESCRIPTION
ip link add - add virtual link
link DEVICE
specifies the physical device to act operate on.
NAME specifies the name of the new virtual device.
TYPE specifies the type of the new device.
Link types:
amt - Automatic Multicast Tunneling (AMT)
bareudp - Bare UDP L3 encapsulation support
bond - Bonding device
bridge - Ethernet Bridge device
can - Controller Area Network
dsa - Distributed Switch Architecture
dummy - Dummy network interface
erspan - Encapsulated Remote SPAN over GRE and IPv4
geneve - GEneric NEtwork Virtualization Encapsulation
gre - Virtual tunnel interface GRE over IPv4
gretap - Virtual L2 tunnel interface GRE over IPv4
gtp - GPRS Tunneling Protocol
hsr - High-availability Seamless Redundancy device
ifb - Intermediate Functional Block device
ip6erspan - Encapsulated Remote SPAN over GRE and IPv6
ip6gre - Virtual tunnel interface GRE over IPv6
ip6gretap - Virtual L2 tunnel interface GRE over IPv6
ip6tnl - Virtual tunnel interface IPv4|IPv6 over IPv6
ipip - Virtual tunnel interface IPv4 over IPv4
ipoib - IP over Infiniband device
ipvlan - Interface for L3 (IPv6/IPv4) based VLANs
ipvtap - Interface for L3 (IPv6/IPv4) based VLANs and TAP
lowpan - Interface for 6LoWPAN (IPv6) over IEEE 802.15.4 / Bluetooth
macsec - Interface for IEEE 802.1AE MAC Security (MACsec)
macvlan - Virtual interface base on link layer address (MAC)
macvtap - Virtual interface based on link layer address (MAC) and TAP.
netdevsim - Interface for netdev API tests
netkit - BPF-programmable network device
nlmon - Netlink monitoring device
pfcp - Packet Forwarding Control Protocol device
rmnet - Qualcomm rmnet device
sit - Virtual tunnel interface IPv6 over IPv4
vcan - Virtual Controller Area Network interface
veth - Virtual ethernet interface
virt_wifi - rtnetlink wifi simulation device
vlan - 802.1q tagged virtual LAN interface
vrf - Interface for L3 VRF domains
vti - Virtual tunnel interface
vxcan - Virtual Controller Area Network tunnel interface
vxlan - Virtual eXtended LAN
xfrm - Virtual xfrm interface
numtxqueues QUEUE_COUNT
specifies the number of transmit queues for new device.
numrxqueues QUEUE_COUNT
specifies the number of receive queues for new device.
gso_max_size BYTES
specifies the recommended maximum size of a Generic Segment Offload packet the new
device should accept. This is also used to enable BIG TCP for IPv6 on this device
when the size is greater than 65536.
gso_ipv4_max_size BYTES
specifies the recommended maximum size of a IPv4 Generic Segment Offload packet the
new device should accept. This is especially used to enable BIG TCP for IPv4 on
this device by setting to a size greater than 65536. Note that gso_max_size needs
to be set to a size greater than or equal to gso_ipv4_max_size to really enable BIG
TCP for IPv4.
gso_max_segs SEGMENTS
specifies the recommended maximum number of a Generic Segment Offload segments the
new device should accept.
gro_max_size BYTES
specifies the maximum size of a packet built by GRO stack on this device. This is
also used for BIG TCP to allow the size of a merged IPv6 GSO packet on this device
greater than 65536.
gro_ipv4_max_size BYTES
specifies the maximum size of a IPv4 packet built by GRO stack on this device. This
is especially used for BIG TCP to allow the size of a merged IPv4 GSO packet on
this device greater than 65536.
index IDX
specifies the desired index of the new virtual device. The link creation fails, if
the index is busy.
netns { PID | NETNSNAME | NETNSFILE }
create the device in the network namespace associated with process PID or the name
NETNSNAME or the file NETNSFILE.
VLAN Type Support
For a link of type VLAN the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add link DEVICE name NAME type vlan [ protocol VLAN_PROTO ] id VLANID [
reorder_hdr { on | off } ] [ gvrp { on | off } ] [ mvrp { on | off } ] [
loose_binding { on | off } ] [ bridge_binding { on | off } ] [ ingress-qos-map QOS-
MAP ] [ egress-qos-map QOS-MAP ]
protocol VLAN_PROTO - either 802.1Q or 802.1ad.
id VLANID - specifies the VLAN Identifier to use. Note that numbers with a
leading " 0 " or " 0x " are interpreted as octal or hexadecimal,
respectively.
reorder_hdr { on | off } - specifies whether ethernet headers are reordered
or not (default is on).
If reorder_hdr is on then VLAN header will be not inserted immediately
but only before passing to the physical device (if this device does not
support VLAN offloading), the similar on the RX direction - by default
the packet will be untagged before being received by VLAN device.
Reordering allows one to accelerate tagging on egress and to hide VLAN
header on ingress so the packet looks like regular Ethernet packet, at
the same time it might be confusing for packet capture as the VLAN
header does not exist within the packet.
VLAN offloading can be checked by ethtool(8):
ethtool -k <phy_dev> | grep tx-vlan-offload
where <phy_dev> is the physical device to which VLAN device is bound.
gvrp { on | off } - specifies whether this VLAN should be registered using
GARP VLAN Registration Protocol.
mvrp { on | off } - specifies whether this VLAN should be registered using
Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol.
loose_binding { on | off } - specifies whether the VLAN device state is
bound to the physical device state.
bridge_binding { on | off } - specifies whether the VLAN device link state
tracks the state of bridge ports that are members of the VLAN.
ingress-qos-map QOS-MAP - defines a mapping of VLAN header prio field to
the Linux internal packet priority on incoming frames. The format is
FROM:TO with multiple mappings separated by spaces.
egress-qos-map QOS-MAP - defines a mapping of Linux internal packet
priority to VLAN header prio field but for outgoing frames. The format is
the same as for ingress-qos-map.
Linux packet priority can be set by iptables(8):
iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING [...] -j CLASSIFY --set-class 0:4
and this "4" priority can be used in the egress qos mapping to set VLAN
prio "5":
ip link set veth0.10 type vlan egress 4:5
VXLAN Type Support
For a link of type VXLAN the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add DEVICE type vxlan id VNI [ dev PHYS_DEV ] [ { group | remote } IPADDR
] [ local { IPADDR | any } ] [ ttl TTL ] [ tos TOS ] [ df DF ] [ flowlabel
FLOWLABEL ] [ dstport PORT ] [ srcport MIN MAX ] [ [no]learning ] [ [no]proxy ] [
[no]rsc ] [ [no]l2miss ] [ [no]l3miss ] [ [no]udpcsum ] [ [no]udp6zerocsumtx ] [
[no]udp6zerocsumrx ] [ [no]localbypass ] [ ageing SECONDS ] [ maxaddress NUMBER ] [
[no]external ] [ gbp ] [ gpe ] [ [no]vnifilter ]
id VNI - specifies the VXLAN Network Identifier (or VXLAN Segment
Identifier) to use.
dev PHYS_DEV - specifies the physical device to use for tunnel endpoint
communication.
group IPADDR - specifies the multicast IP address to join. This parameter
cannot be specified with the remote parameter.
remote IPADDR - specifies the unicast destination IP address to use in
outgoing packets when the destination link layer address is not known in
the VXLAN device forwarding database. This parameter cannot be specified
with the group parameter.
local IPADDR - specifies the source IP address to use in outgoing packets.
ttl TTL - specifies the TTL value to use in outgoing packets.
tos TOS - specifies the TOS value to use in outgoing packets.
df DF - specifies the usage of the Don't Fragment flag (DF) bit in outgoing
packets with IPv4 headers. The value inherit causes the bit to be copied
from the original IP header. The values unset and set cause the bit to be
always unset or always set, respectively. By default, the bit is not set.
flowlabel FLOWLABEL - specifies the flow label to use in outgoing packets.
dstport PORT - specifies the UDP destination port to communicate to the
remote
VXLAN tunnel endpoint.
srcport MIN MAX - specifies the range of port numbers to use as UDP source
ports to communicate to the remote VXLAN tunnel endpoint.
[no]learning - specifies if unknown source link layer addresses and IP
addresses are entered into the VXLAN device forwarding database.
[no]rsc - specifies if route short circuit is turned on.
[no]proxy - specifies ARP proxy is turned on.
[no]l2miss - specifies if netlink LLADDR miss notifications are generated.
[no]l3miss - specifies if netlink IP ADDR miss notifications are generated.
[no]udpcsum - specifies if UDP checksum is calculated for transmitted
packets over IPv4.
[no]udp6zerocsumtx - skip UDP checksum calculation for transmitted packets
over IPv6.
[no]udp6zerocsumrx - allow incoming UDP packets over IPv6 with zero
checksum field.
[no]localbypass - if FDB destination is local, with nolocalbypass set,
forward encapsulated packets to the userspace network stack. If there is a
userspace process listening for these packets, it will have a chance to
process them. If localbypass is active (default), bypass the kernel network
stack and inject the packets into the target VXLAN device, assuming one
exists.
ageing SECONDS - specifies the lifetime in seconds of FDB entries learnt by
the kernel.
maxaddress NUMBER - specifies the maximum number of FDB entries.
[no]external - specifies whether an external control plane (e.g. ip route
encap) or the internal FDB should be used.
[no]vnifilter - specifies whether the vxlan device is capable of vni
filtering. Only works with a vxlan device with external flag set. once
enabled, bridge vni command is used to manage the vni filtering table on
the device. The device can only receive packets with vni's configured in
the vni filtering table.
gbp - enables the Group Policy extension (VXLAN-GBP).
Allows one to transport group policy context across VXLAN network
peers. If enabled, includes the mark of a packet in the VXLAN header
for outgoing packets and fills the packet mark based on the information
found in the VXLAN header for incoming packets.
Format of upper 16 bits of packet mark (flags);
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|D|-|-|A|-|-|-|
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
D := Don't Learn bit. When set, this bit indicates that the egress
VTEP MUST NOT learn the source address of the encapsulated frame.
A := Indicates that the group policy has already been applied to this
packet. Policies MUST NOT be applied by devices when the A bit is
set.
Format of lower 16 bits of packet mark (policy ID):
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Group Policy ID |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Example:
iptables -A OUTPUT [...] -j MARK --set-mark 0x800FF
gpe - enables the Generic Protocol extension (VXLAN-GPE). Currently, this
is only supported together with the external keyword.
VETH, VXCAN Type Support
For a link of types VETH/VXCAN the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add DEVICE type { veth | vxcan } [ peer name NAME ]
peer name NAME - specifies the virtual pair device name of the VETH/VXCAN
tunnel.
netkit Type Support
For a link of type netkit the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add DEVICE type netkit [ mode MODE ] [ POLICY ] [ peer [ POLICY ] [ NAME ]
]
mode MODE - specifies the operation mode of the netkit device with "l3" and
"l2" as possible values. Default option is "l3".
POLICY - specifies the default device policy when no BPF programs are
attached with "forward" and "blackhole" as possible values. Default option
is "forward". Specifying policy before the peer option refers to the
primary device, after the peer option refers to the peer device.
NAME - specifies the device name of the peer device.
IPIP, SIT Type Support
For a link of type IPIPorSIT the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add DEVICE type { ipip | sit } remote ADDR local ADDR [ encap { fou | gue
| none } ] [ encap-sport { PORT | auto } ] [ encap-dport PORT ] [ [no]encap-csum ]
[ [no]encap-remcsum ] [ mode { ip6ip | ipip | mplsip | any } ] [ external ]
remote ADDR - specifies the remote address of the tunnel.
local ADDR - specifies the fixed local address for tunneled packets. It
must be an address on another interface on this host.
encap { fou | gue | none } - specifies type of secondary UDP encapsulation.
"fou" indicates Foo-Over-UDP, "gue" indicates Generic UDP Encapsulation.
encap-sport { PORT | auto } - specifies the source port in UDP
encapsulation. PORT indicates the port by number, "auto" indicates that
the port number should be chosen automatically (the kernel picks a flow
based on the flow hash of the encapsulated packet).
[no]encap-csum - specifies if UDP checksums are enabled in the secondary
encapsulation.
[no]encap-remcsum - specifies if Remote Checksum Offload is enabled. This
is only applicable for Generic UDP Encapsulation.
mode { ip6ip | ipip | mplsip | any } - specifies mode in which device
should run. "ip6ip" indicates IPv6-Over-IPv4, "ipip" indicates "IPv4-Over-
IPv4", "mplsip" indicates MPLS-Over-IPv4, "any" indicates IPv6, IPv4 or
MPLS Over IPv4. Supported for SIT where the default is "ip6ip" and IPIP
where the default is "ipip". IPv6-Over-IPv4 is not supported for IPIP.
external - make this tunnel externally controlled (e.g. ip route encap).
GRE Type Support
For a link of type GRE or GRETAP the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add DEVICE type { gre | gretap } remote ADDR local ADDR [ [no][i|o]seq ] [
[i|o]key KEY | no[i|o]key ] [ [no][i|o]csum ] [ ttl TTL ] [ tos TOS ] [
[no]pmtudisc ] [ [no]ignore-df ] [ dev PHYS_DEV ] [ encap { fou | gue | none } ] [
encap-sport { PORT | auto } ] [ encap-dport PORT ] [ [no]encap-csum ] [ [no]encap-
remcsum ] [ external ]
remote ADDR - specifies the remote address of the tunnel.
local ADDR - specifies the fixed local address for tunneled packets. It
must be an address on another interface on this host.
[no][i|o]seq - serialize packets. The oseq flag enables sequencing of
outgoing packets. The iseq flag requires that all input packets are
serialized.
[i|o]key KEY | no[i|o]key - use keyed GRE with key KEY. KEY is either a
number or an IPv4 address-like dotted quad. The key parameter specifies
the same key to use in both directions. The ikey and okey parameters
specify different keys for input and output.
[no][i|o]csum - generate/require checksums for tunneled packets. The ocsum
flag calculates checksums for outgoing packets. The icsum flag requires
that all input packets have the correct checksum. The csum flag is
equivalent to the combination icsum ocsum .
ttl TTL - specifies the TTL value to use in outgoing packets.
tos TOS - specifies the TOS value to use in outgoing packets.
[no]pmtudisc - enables/disables Path MTU Discovery on this tunnel. It is
enabled by default. Note that a fixed ttl is incompatible with this option:
tunneling with a fixed ttl always makes pmtu discovery.
[no]ignore-df - enables/disables IPv4 DF suppression on this tunnel.
Normally datagrams that exceed the MTU will be fragmented; the presence of
the DF flag inhibits this, resulting instead in an ICMP Unreachable
(Fragmentation Required) message. Enabling this attribute causes the DF
flag to be ignored.
dev PHYS_DEV - specifies the physical device to use for tunnel endpoint
communication.
encap { fou | gue | none } - specifies type of secondary UDP encapsulation.
"fou" indicates Foo-Over-UDP, "gue" indicates Generic UDP Encapsulation.
encap-sport { PORT | auto } - specifies the source port in UDP
encapsulation. PORT indicates the port by number, "auto" indicates that
the port number should be chosen automatically (the kernel picks a flow
based on the flow hash of the encapsulated packet).
[no]encap-csum - specifies if UDP checksums are enabled in the secondary
encapsulation.
[no]encap-remcsum - specifies if Remote Checksum Offload is enabled. This
is only applicable for Generic UDP Encapsulation.
external - make this tunnel externally controlled (e.g. ip route encap).
IP6GRE/IP6GRETAP Type Support
For a link of type IP6GRE/IP6GRETAP the following additional arguments are
supported:
ip link add DEVICE type { ip6gre | ip6gretap } remote ADDR local ADDR [
[no][i|o]seq ] [ [i|o]key KEY | no[i|o]key ] [ [no][i|o]csum ] [ hoplimit TTL ] [
encaplimit ELIM ] [ tclass TCLASS ] [ flowlabel FLOWLABEL ] [ dscp inherit ] [
[no]allow-localremote ] [ dev PHYS_DEV ] [ external ]
remote ADDR - specifies the remote IPv6 address of the tunnel.
local ADDR - specifies the fixed local IPv6 address for tunneled packets.
It must be an address on another interface on this host.
[no][i|o]seq - serialize packets. The oseq flag enables sequencing of
outgoing packets. The iseq flag requires that all input packets are
serialized.
[i|o]key KEY | no[i|o]key - use keyed GRE with key KEY. KEY is either a
number or an IPv4 address-like dotted quad. The key parameter specifies
the same key to use in both directions. The ikey and okey parameters
specify different keys for input and output.
[no][i|o]csum - generate/require checksums for tunneled packets. The ocsum
flag calculates checksums for outgoing packets. The icsum flag requires
that all input packets have the correct checksum. The csum flag is
equivalent to the combination icsum ocsum.
hoplimit TTL - specifies Hop Limit value to use in outgoing packets.
encaplimit ELIM - specifies a fixed encapsulation limit. Default is 4.
flowlabel FLOWLABEL - specifies a fixed flowlabel.
[no]allow-localremote - specifies whether to allow remote endpoint to have
an address configured on local host.
tclass TCLASS - specifies the traffic class field on tunneled packets,
which can be specified as either a two-digit hex value (e.g. c0) or a
predefined string (e.g. internet). The value inherit causes the field to
be copied from the original IP header. The values inherit/STRING or
inherit/00..ff will set the field to STRING or 00..ff when tunneling non-IP
packets. The default value is 00.
external - make this tunnel externally controlled (or not, which is the
default). In the kernel, this is referred to as collect metadata mode.
This flag is mutually exclusive with the remote, local, seq, key, csum,
hoplimit, encaplimit, flowlabel and tclass options.
IPoIB Type Support
For a link of type IPoIB the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add DEVICE name NAME type ipoib [ pkey PKEY ] [ mode MODE ]
pkey PKEY - specifies the IB P-Key to use.
mode MODE - specifies the mode (datagram or connected) to use.
ERSPAN Type Support
For a link of type ERSPAN/IP6ERSPAN the following additional arguments are
supported:
ip link add DEVICE type { erspan | ip6erspan } remote ADDR local ADDR seq key KEY
erspan_ver version [ erspan IDX ] [ erspan_dir { ingress | egress } ] [ erspan_hwid
hwid ] [ [no]allow-localremote ] [ external ]
remote ADDR - specifies the remote address of the tunnel.
local ADDR - specifies the fixed local address for tunneled packets. It
must be an address on another interface on this host.
erspan_ver version - specifies the ERSPAN version number. version
indicates the ERSPAN version to be created: 0 for version 0 type I, 1 for
version 1 (type II) or 2 for version 2 (type III).
erspan IDX - specifies the ERSPAN v1 index field. IDX indicates a 20 bit
index/port number associated with the ERSPAN traffic's source port and
direction.
erspan_dir { ingress | egress } - specifies the ERSPAN v2 mirrored
traffic's direction.
erspan_hwid hwid - an unique identifier of an ERSPAN v2 engine within a
system. hwid is a 6-bit value for users to configure.
[no]allow-localremote - specifies whether to allow remote endpoint to have
an address configured on local host.
external - make this tunnel externally controlled (or not, which is the
default). In the kernel, this is referred to as collect metadata mode.
This flag is mutually exclusive with the remote, local, erspan_ver, erspan,
erspan_dir and erspan_hwid options.
GENEVE Type Support
For a link of type GENEVE the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add DEVICE type geneve id VNI remote IPADDR [ ttl TTL ] [ tos TOS ] [ df DF
] [ flowlabel FLOWLABEL ] [ dstport PORT ] [ [no]external ] [ [no]udpcsum ] [
[no]udp6zerocsumtx ] [ [no]udp6zerocsumrx ] [ innerprotoinherit ]
id VNI - specifies the Virtual Network Identifier to use.
remote IPADDR - specifies the unicast destination IP address to use in
outgoing packets.
ttl TTL - specifies the TTL value to use in outgoing packets. "0" or "auto"
means use whatever default value, "inherit" means inherit the inner
protocol's ttl. Default option is "0".
tos TOS - specifies the TOS value to use in outgoing packets.
df DF - specifies the usage of the Don't Fragment flag (DF) bit in outgoing
packets with IPv4 headers. The value inherit causes the bit to be copied
from the original IP header. The values unset and set cause the bit to be
always unset or always set, respectively. By default, the bit is not set.
flowlabel FLOWLABEL - specifies the flow label to use in outgoing packets.
dstport PORT - select a destination port other than the default of 6081.
[no]external - make this tunnel externally controlled (or not, which is the
default). This flag is mutually exclusive with the id, remote, ttl, tos and
flowlabel options.
[no]udpcsum - specifies if UDP checksum is calculated for transmitted
packets over IPv4.
[no]udp6zerocsumtx - skip UDP checksum calculation for transmitted packets
over IPv6.
[no]udp6zerocsumrx - allow incoming UDP packets over IPv6 with zero
checksum field.
innerprotoinherit - use IPv4/IPv6 as inner protocol instead of Ethernet.
Bareudp Type Support
For a link of type Bareudp the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add DEVICE type bareudp dstport PORT ethertype PROTO [ srcportmin PORT ] [
[no]multiproto ]
dstport PORT - specifies the destination port for the UDP tunnel.
ethertype PROTO - specifies the ethertype of the L3 protocol being
tunnelled. ethertype can be given as plain Ethernet protocol number or
using the protocol name ("ipv4", "ipv6", "mpls_uc", etc.).
srcportmin PORT - selects the lowest value of the UDP tunnel source port
range.
[no]multiproto - activates support for protocols similar to the one
specified by ethertype. When ethertype is "mpls_uc" (that is, unicast
MPLS), this allows the tunnel to also handle multicast MPLS. When
ethertype is "ipv4", this allows the tunnel to also handle IPv6. This
option is disabled by default.
AMT Type Support
For a link of type AMT the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add DEVICE type AMT discovery IPADDR mode { gateway | relay } local IPADDR
dev PHYS_DEV [ relay_port PORT ] [ gateway_port PORT ] [ max_tunnels NUMBER ]
discovery IPADDR - specifies the unicast discovery IP address to use to
find remote IP address.
mode { gateway | relay } - specifies the role of AMT, Gateway or Relay
local IPADDR - specifies the source IP address to use in outgoing packets.
dev PHYS_DEV - specifies the underlying physical interface from which
transform traffic is sent and received.
relay_port PORT - specifies the UDP Relay port to communicate to the Relay.
gateway_port PORT - specifies the UDP Gateway port to communicate to the
Gateway.
max_tunnels NUMBER - specifies the maximum number of tunnels.
MACVLAN and MACVTAP Type Support
For a link of type MACVLAN or MACVTAP the following additional arguments are
supported:
ip link add link DEVICE name NAME type { macvlan | macvtap } mode { private | vepa
| bridge | passthru [ nopromisc ] | source [ nodst ] } [ bcqueuelen { LENGTH } ]
[ bclim LIMIT ]
type { macvlan | macvtap } - specifies the link type to use. macvlan
creates just a virtual interface, while macvtap in addition creates a
character device /dev/tapX to be used just like a tuntap device.
mode private - Do not allow communication between macvlan instances on the
same physical interface, even if the external switch supports hairpin mode.
mode vepa - Virtual Ethernet Port Aggregator mode. Data from one macvlan
instance to the other on the same physical interface is transmitted over
the physical interface. Either the attached switch needs to support hairpin
mode, or there must be a TCP/IP router forwarding the packets in order to
allow communication. This is the default mode.
mode bridge - In bridge mode, all endpoints are directly connected to each
other, communication is not redirected through the physical interface's
peer.
mode passthru [ nopromisc ] - This mode gives more power to a single
endpoint, usually in macvtap mode. It is not allowed for more than one
endpoint on the same physical interface. All traffic will be forwarded to
this endpoint, allowing virtio guests to change MAC address or set
promiscuous mode in order to bridge the interface or create vlan interfaces
on top of it. By default, this mode forces the underlying interface into
promiscuous mode. Passing the nopromisc flag prevents this, so the promisc
flag may be controlled using standard tools.
mode source [ nodst ] - allows one to set a list of allowed mac address,
which is used to match against source mac address from received frames on
underlying interface. This allows creating mac based VLAN associations,
instead of standard port or tag based. The feature is useful to deploy
802.1x mac based behavior, where drivers of underlying interfaces doesn't
allows that. By default, packets are also considered (duplicated) for
destination-based MACVLAN. Passing the nodst flag stops matching packets
from also going through the destination-based flow.
bcqueuelen { LENGTH } - Set the length of the RX queue used to process
broadcast and multicast packets. LENGTH must be a positive integer in the
range [0-4294967295]. Setting a length of 0 will effectively drop all
broadcast/multicast traffic. If not specified the macvlan driver default
(1000) is used. Note that all macvlans that share the same underlying
device are using the same queue. The parameter here is a request, the
actual queue length used will be the maximum length that any macvlan
interface has requested. When listing device parameters both the
bcqueuelen parameter as well as the actual used bcqueuelen are listed to
better help the user understand the setting.
bclim LIMIT - Set the threshold for broadcast queueing. LIMIT must be a
32-bit integer. Setting this to -1 disables broadcast queueing altogether.
Otherwise a multicast address will be queued as broadcast if the number of
devices using it is greater than the given value.
High-availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR) Support
For a link of type HSR the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add link DEVICE name NAME type hsr slave1 SLAVE1-IF slave2 SLAVE2-IF [
interlink INTERLINK-IF ] [ supervision ADDR-BYTE ] [ version { 0 | 1 } [ proto { 0
| 1 } ]
type hsr - specifies the link type to use, here HSR.
slave1 SLAVE1-IF - Specifies the physical device used for the first of the
two ring ports.
slave2 SLAVE2-IF - Specifies the physical device used for the second of the
two ring ports.
interlink INTERLINK-IF - The interlink device bound to the HSR network to
connect SAN device(s).
supervision ADDR-BYTE - The last byte of the multicast address used for HSR
supervision frames. Default option is "0", possible values 0-255.
version { 0 | 1 } - Selects the protocol version of the interface. Default
option is "0", which corresponds to the 2010 version of the HSR standard.
Option "1" activates the 2012 version.
proto { 0 | 1 } - Selects the protocol at the interface. Default option is
"0", which corresponds to the HSR standard. Option "1" activates the
Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP).
BRIDGE Type Support
For a link of type BRIDGE the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add DEVICE type bridge [ ageing_time AGEING_TIME ] [ group_fwd_mask MASK ]
[ group_address ADDRESS ] [ forward_delay FORWARD_DELAY ] [ hello_time HELLO_TIME ]
[ max_age MAX_AGE ] [ stp_state STP_STATE ] [ priority PRIORITY ] [
no_linklocal_learn NO_LINKLOCAL_LEARN ] [ fdb_max_learned FDB_MAX_LEARNED ] [
vlan_filtering VLAN_FILTERING ] [ vlan_protocol VLAN_PROTOCOL ] [ vlan_default_pvid
VLAN_DEFAULT_PVID ] [ vlan_stats_enabled VLAN_STATS_ENABLED ] [ vlan_stats_per_port
VLAN_STATS_PER_PORT ] [ mcast_snooping MULTICAST_SNOOPING ] [ mcast_vlan_snooping
MULTICAST_VLAN_SNOOPING ] [ mcast_router MULTICAST_ROUTER ] [
mcast_query_use_ifaddr MCAST_QUERY_USE_IFADDR ] [ mcast_querier MULTICAST_QUERIER ]
[ mcast_hash_elasticity HASH_ELASTICITY ] [ mcast_hash_max HASH_MAX ] [
mcast_last_member_count LAST_MEMBER_COUNT ] [ mcast_startup_query_count
STARTUP_QUERY_COUNT ] [ mcast_last_member_interval LAST_MEMBER_INTERVAL ] [
mcast_membership_interval MEMBERSHIP_INTERVAL ] [ mcast_querier_interval
QUERIER_INTERVAL ] [ mcast_query_interval QUERY_INTERVAL ] [
mcast_query_response_interval QUERY_RESPONSE_INTERVAL ] [
mcast_startup_query_interval STARTUP_QUERY_INTERVAL ] [ mcast_stats_enabled
MCAST_STATS_ENABLED ] [ mcast_igmp_version IGMP_VERSION ] [ mcast_mld_version
MLD_VERSION ] [ nf_call_iptables NF_CALL_IPTABLES ] [ nf_call_ip6tables
NF_CALL_IP6TABLES ] [ nf_call_arptables NF_CALL_ARPTABLES ]
ageing_time AGEING_TIME - configure the bridge's FDB entries ageing time,
ie the number of seconds a MAC address will be kept in the FDB after a
packet has been received from that address. after this time has passed,
entries are cleaned up.
group_fwd_mask MASK - set the group forward mask. This is the bitmask that
is applied to decide whether to forward incoming frames destined to link-
local addresses, ie addresses of the form 01:80:C2:00:00:0X (defaults to 0,
ie the bridge does not forward any link-local frames).
group_address ADDRESS - set the MAC address of the multicast group this
bridge uses for STP. The address must be a link-local address in standard
Ethernet MAC address format, ie an address of the form 01:80:C2:00:00:0X,
with X
in [0, 4..f].
forward_delay FORWARD_DELAY - set the forwarding delay in seconds, ie the
time spent in LISTENING state (before moving to LEARNING) and in LEARNING
state (before moving to FORWARDING). Only relevant if STP is enabled. Valid
values are between 2 and 30.
hello_time HELLO_TIME - set the time in seconds between hello packets sent
by the bridge, when it is a root bridge or a designated bridges. Only
relevant if STP is enabled. Valid values are between 1 and 10.
max_age MAX_AGE - set the hello packet timeout, ie the time in seconds
until another bridge in the spanning tree is assumed to be dead, after
reception of its last hello message. Only relevant if STP is enabled. Valid
values are between 6 and 40.
stp_state STP_STATE - turn spanning tree protocol on (STP_STATE > 0) or off
(STP_STATE == 0). for this bridge.
priority PRIORITY - set this bridge's spanning tree priority, used during
STP root bridge election. PRIORITY is a 16bit unsigned integer.
no_linklocal_learn NO_LINKLOCAL_LEARN - turn link-local learning on
(NO_LINKLOCAL_LEARN == 0) or off (NO_LINKLOCAL_LEARN > 0). When disabled,
the bridge will not learn from link-local frames (default: enabled).
fdb_max_learned FDB_MAX_LEARNED - set the maximum number of learned FDB
entries. If (FDB_MAX_LEARNED == 0) the feature is disabled. Default is 0.
FDB_MAX_LEARNED is a 32bit unsigned integer.
vlan_filtering VLAN_FILTERING - turn VLAN filtering on (VLAN_FILTERING > 0)
or off (VLAN_FILTERING == 0). When disabled, the bridge will not consider
the VLAN tag when handling packets.
vlan_protocol { 802.1Q | 802.1ad } - set the protocol used for VLAN
filtering.
vlan_default_pvid VLAN_DEFAULT_PVID - set the default PVID (native/untagged
VLAN ID) for this bridge.
vlan_stats_enabled VLAN_STATS_ENABLED - enable (VLAN_STATS_ENABLED == 1) or
disable (VLAN_STATS_ENABLED == 0) per-VLAN stats accounting.
vlan_stats_per_port VLAN_STATS_PER_PORT - enable (VLAN_STATS_PER_PORT == 1)
or disable (VLAN_STATS_PER_PORT == 0) per-VLAN per-port stats accounting.
Can be changed only when there are no port VLANs configured.
mcast_snooping MULTICAST_SNOOPING - turn multicast snooping on
(MULTICAST_SNOOPING > 0) or off (MULTICAST_SNOOPING == 0).
mcast_vlan_snooping MULTICAST_VLAN_SNOOPING - turn multicast VLAN snooping
on (MULTICAST_VLAN_SNOOPING > 0) or off (MULTICAST_VLAN_SNOOPING == 0).
mcast_router MULTICAST_ROUTER - set bridge's multicast router if IGMP
snooping is enabled. MULTICAST_ROUTER is an integer value having the
following meaning:
0 - disabled.
1 - automatic (queried).
2 - permanently enabled.
mcast_query_use_ifaddr MCAST_QUERY_USE_IFADDR - whether to use the bridge's
own IP address as source address for IGMP queries (MCAST_QUERY_USE_IFADDR >
0) or the default of 0.0.0.0 (MCAST_QUERY_USE_IFADDR == 0).
mcast_querier MULTICAST_QUERIER - enable (MULTICAST_QUERIER > 0) or disable
(MULTICAST_QUERIER == 0) IGMP querier, ie sending of multicast queries by
the bridge (default: disabled).
mcast_querier_interval QUERIER_INTERVAL - interval between queries sent by
other routers. if no queries are seen after this delay has passed, the
bridge will start to send its own queries (as if mcast_querier was
enabled).
mcast_hash_elasticity HASH_ELASTICITY - set multicast database hash
elasticity, ie the maximum chain length in the multicast hash table
(defaults to 4).
mcast_hash_max HASH_MAX - set maximum size of multicast hash table
(defaults to 512, value must be a power of 2).
mcast_last_member_count LAST_MEMBER_COUNT - set multicast last member
count, ie the number of queries the bridge will send before stopping
forwarding a multicast group after a "leave" message has been received
(defaults to 2).
mcast_last_member_interval LAST_MEMBER_INTERVAL - interval between queries
to find remaining members of a group, after a "leave" message is received.
mcast_startup_query_count STARTUP_QUERY_COUNT - set the number of IGMP
queries to send during startup phase (defaults to 2).
mcast_startup_query_interval STARTUP_QUERY_INTERVAL - interval between
queries in the startup phase.
mcast_query_interval QUERY_INTERVAL - interval between queries sent by the
bridge after the end of the startup phase.
mcast_query_response_interval QUERY_RESPONSE_INTERVAL - set the Max
Response Time/Maximum Response Delay for IGMP/MLD queries sent by the
bridge.
mcast_membership_interval MEMBERSHIP_INTERVAL - delay after which the
bridge will leave a group, if no membership reports for this group are
received.
mcast_stats_enabled MCAST_STATS_ENABLED - enable (MCAST_STATS_ENABLED > 0)
or disable (MCAST_STATS_ENABLED == 0) multicast (IGMP/MLD) stats
accounting.
mcast_igmp_version IGMP_VERSION - set the IGMP version.
mcast_mld_version MLD_VERSION - set the MLD version.
nf_call_iptables NF_CALL_IPTABLES - enable (NF_CALL_IPTABLES > 0) or
disable (NF_CALL_IPTABLES == 0) iptables hooks on the bridge.
nf_call_ip6tables NF_CALL_IP6TABLES - enable (NF_CALL_IP6TABLES > 0) or
disable (NF_CALL_IP6TABLES == 0) ip6tables hooks on the bridge.
nf_call_arptables NF_CALL_ARPTABLES - enable (NF_CALL_ARPTABLES > 0) or
disable (NF_CALL_ARPTABLES == 0) arptables hooks on the bridge.
MACsec Type Support
For a link of type MACsec the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add link DEVICE name NAME type macsec [ [ address <lladdr> ] port PORT |
sci SCI ] [ cipher CIPHER_SUITE ] [ icvlen { 8..16 } ] [ encrypt { on | off } ] [
send_sci { on | off } ] [ end_station { on | off } ] [ scb { on | off } ] [ protect
{ on | off } ] [ replay { on | off } window { 0..2^32-1 } ] [ validate { strict |
check | disabled } ] [ encodingsa { 0..3 } ]
address <lladdr> - sets the system identifier component of secure channel
for this MACsec device.
port PORT - sets the port number component of secure channel for this
MACsec device, in a range from 1 to 65535 inclusive. Numbers with a leading
" 0 " or " 0x " are interpreted as octal and hexadecimal, respectively.
sci SCI - sets the secure channel identifier for this MACsec device. SCI
is a 64bit wide number in hexadecimal format.
cipher CIPHER_SUITE - defines the cipher suite to use.
icvlen LENGTH - sets the length of the Integrity Check Value (ICV).
encrypt on or encrypt off - switches between authenticated encryption, or
authenticity mode only.
send_sci on or send_sci off - specifies whether the SCI is included in
every packet, or only when it is necessary.
end_station on or end_station off - sets the End Station bit.
scb on or scb off - sets the Single Copy Broadcast bit.
protect on or protect off - enables MACsec protection on the device.
replay on or replay off - enables replay protection on the device.
window SIZE - sets the size of the replay window.
validate strict or validate check or validate disabled - sets the
validation mode on the device.
encodingsa AN - sets the active secure association for transmission.
VRF Type Support
For a link of type VRF the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add DEVICE type vrf table TABLE
table table id associated with VRF device
RMNET Type Support
For a link of type RMNET the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add link DEVICE name NAME type rmnet mux_id MUXID
mux_id MUXID - specifies the mux identifier for the rmnet device, possible
values 1-254.
XFRM Type Support
For a link of type XFRM the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add DEVICE type xfrm dev PHYS_DEV [ if_id IF_ID ] [ external ]
dev PHYS_DEV - specifies the underlying physical interface from which
transform traffic is sent and received.
if_id IF-ID - specifies the hexadecimal lookup key used to send traffic to
and from specific xfrm policies. Policies must be configured with the same
key. If not set, the key defaults to 0 and will match any policies which
similarly do not have a lookup key configuration.
external - make this device externally controlled. This flag is mutually
exclusive with the dev and if_id options.
GTP Type Support
For a link of type GTP the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link add DEVICE type gtp role ROLE hsize HSIZE
role ROLE - specifies the role of the GTP device, either sgsn or ggsn
hsize HSIZE - specifies size of the hashtable which stores PDP contexts
restart_count RESTART_COUNT - GTP instance restart counter
PFCP Type Support
For a link of type PFCP no additional arguments are supported
ip link delete - delete virtual link
dev DEVICE
specifies the virtual device to act operate on.
group GROUP
specifies the group of virtual links to delete. Group 0 is not allowed to be
deleted since it is the default group.
type TYPE
specifies the type of the device.
ip link set - change device attributes
Warning: If multiple parameter changes are requested, ip aborts immediately after any of
the changes have failed. This is the only case when ip can move the system to an
unpredictable state. The solution is to avoid changing several parameters with one ip link
set call. The modifier change is equivalent to set.
dev DEVICE
DEVICE specifies network device to operate on. When configuring SR-IOV Virtual
Function (VF) devices, this keyword should specify the associated Physical Function
(PF) device.
group GROUP
GROUP has a dual role: If both group and dev are present, then move the device to
the specified group. If only a group is specified, then the command operates on all
devices in that group.
up and down
change the state of the device to UP or DOWN.
arp on or arp off
change the NOARP flag on the device.
multicast on or multicast off
change the MULTICAST flag on the device.
allmulticast on or allmulticast off
change the ALLMULTI flag on the device. When enabled, instructs network driver to
retrieve all multicast packets from the network to the kernel for further
processing.
promisc on or promisc off
change the PROMISC flag on the device. When enabled, activates promiscuous
operation of the network device.
trailers on or trailers off
change the NOTRAILERS flag on the device, NOT used by the Linux and exists for BSD
compatibility.
protodown on or protodown off
change the PROTODOWN state on the device. Indicates that a protocol error has been
detected on the port. Switch drivers can react to this error by doing a phys down
on the switch port.
protodown_reason PREASON on or off
set PROTODOWN reasons on the device. protodown reason bit names can be enumerated
under /etc/iproute2/protodown_reasons.d/. possible reasons bits 0-31
dynamic on or dynamic off
change the DYNAMIC flag on the device. Indicates that address can change when
interface goes down (currently NOT used by the Linux).
name NAME
change the name of the device. This operation is not recommended if the device is
running or has some addresses already configured.
txqueuelen NUMBER
txqlen NUMBER
change the transmit queue length of the device.
mtu NUMBER
change the MTU of the device.
address LLADDRESS
change the station address of the interface.
broadcast LLADDRESS
brd LLADDRESS
peer LLADDRESS
change the link layer broadcast address or the peer address when the interface is
POINTOPOINT.
netns { PID | NETNSNAME | NETNSFILE }
move the device to the network namespace associated with process PID or the name
NETNSNAME or the file NETNSFILE.
Some devices are not allowed to change network namespace: loopback, bridge,
wireless. These are network namespace local devices. In such case ip tool will
return "Invalid argument" error. It is possible to find out if device is local to a
single network namespace by checking netns-local flag in the output of the ethtool:
ethtool -k DEVICE
To change network namespace for wireless devices the iw tool can be used. But it
allows one to change network namespace only for physical devices and by process
PID.
alias NAME
give the device a symbolic name for easy reference.
group GROUP
specify the group the device belongs to. The available groups are listed in
/usr/share/iproute2/group or /etc/iproute2/group (has precedence if exists).
vf NUM specify a Virtual Function device to be configured. The associated PF device must
be specified using the dev parameter.
mac LLADDRESS - change the station address for the specified VF. The vf
parameter must be specified.
vlan VLANID - change the assigned VLAN for the specified VF. When
specified, all traffic sent from the VF will be tagged with the specified
VLAN ID. Incoming traffic will be filtered for the specified VLAN ID, and
will have all VLAN tags stripped before being passed to the VF. Setting
this parameter to 0 disables VLAN tagging and filtering. The vf parameter
must be specified.
qos VLAN-QOS - assign VLAN QOS (priority) bits for the VLAN tag. When
specified, all VLAN tags transmitted by the VF will include the specified
priority bits in the VLAN tag. If not specified, the value is assumed to be
0. Both the vf and vlan parameters must be specified. Setting both vlan and
qos as 0 disables VLAN tagging and filtering for the VF.
proto VLAN-PROTO - assign VLAN PROTOCOL for the VLAN tag, either 802.1Q or
802.1ad. Setting to 802.1ad, all traffic sent from the VF will be tagged
with VLAN S-Tag. Incoming traffic will have VLAN S-Tags stripped before
being passed to the VF. Setting to 802.1ad also enables an option to
concatenate another VLAN tag, so both S-TAG and C-TAG will be
inserted/stripped for outgoing/incoming traffic, respectively. If not
specified, the value is assumed to be 802.1Q. Both the vf and vlan
parameters must be specified.
rate TXRATE -- change the allowed transmit bandwidth, in Mbps, for the
specified VF. Setting this parameter to 0 disables rate limiting. vf
parameter must be specified. Please use new API max_tx_rate option
instead.
max_tx_rate TXRATE - change the allowed maximum transmit bandwidth, in
Mbps, for the specified VF. Setting this parameter to 0 disables rate
limiting. vf parameter must be specified.
min_tx_rate TXRATE - change the allowed minimum transmit bandwidth, in
Mbps, for the specified VF. Minimum TXRATE should be always <= Maximum
TXRATE. Setting this parameter to 0 disables rate limiting. vf parameter
must be specified.
spoofchk on|off - turn packet spoof checking on or off for the specified
VF.
query_rss on|off - toggle the ability of querying the RSS configuration of
a specific VF. VF RSS information like RSS hash key may be considered
sensitive on some devices where this information is shared between VF and
PF and thus its querying may be prohibited by default.
state auto|enable|disable - set the virtual link state as seen by the
specified VF. Setting to auto means a reflection of the PF link state,
enable lets the VF to communicate with other VFs on this host even if the
PF link state is down, disable causes the HW to drop any packets sent by
the VF.
trust on|off - trust the specified VF user. This enables that VF user can
set a specific feature which may impact security and/or performance. (e.g.
VF multicast promiscuous mode)
node_guid eui64 - configure node GUID for Infiniband VFs.
port_guid eui64 - configure port GUID for Infiniband VFs.
xdp object | pinned | off
set (or unset) a XDP ("eXpress Data Path") BPF program to run on every packet at
driver level. ip link output will indicate a xdp flag for the networking device.
If the driver does not have native XDP support, the kernel will fall back to a
slower, driver-independent "generic" XDP variant. The ip link output will in that
case indicate xdpgeneric instead of xdp only. If the driver does have native XDP
support, but the program is loaded under xdpgeneric object | pinned then the kernel
will use the generic XDP variant instead of the native one. xdpdrv has the
opposite effect of requestsing that the automatic fallback to the generic XDP
variant be disabled and in case driver is not XDP-capable error should be returned.
xdpdrv also disables hardware offloads. xdpoffload in ip link output indicates
that the program has been offloaded to hardware and can also be used to request the
"offload" mode, much like xdpgeneric it forces program to be installed specifically
in HW/FW of the apater.
off (or none ) - Detaches any currently attached XDP/BPF program from the given
device.
object FILE - Attaches a XDP/BPF program to the given device. The FILE points to a
BPF ELF file (f.e. generated by LLVM) that contains the BPF program code, map
specifications, etc. If a XDP/BPF program is already attached to the given device,
an error will be thrown. If no XDP/BPF program is currently attached, the device
supports XDP and the program from the BPF ELF file passes the kernel verifier, then
it will be attached to the device. If the option -force is passed to ip then any
prior attached XDP/BPF program will be atomically overridden and no error will be
thrown in this case. If no section option is passed, then the default section name
("prog") will be assumed, otherwise the provided section name will be used. If no
verbose option is passed, then a verifier log will only be dumped on load error.
See also EXAMPLES section for usage examples.
section NAME - Specifies a section name that contains the BPF program code. If no
section name is specified, the default one ("prog") will be used. This option is to
be passed with the object option.
program NAME - Specifies the BPF program name that need to be attached. When the
program name is specified, the section name parameter will be ignored. This option
only works when iproute2 build with libbpf support.
verbose - Act in verbose mode. For example, even in case of success, this will
print the verifier log in case a program was loaded from a BPF ELF file.
pinned FILE - Attaches a XDP/BPF program to the given device. The FILE points to an
already pinned BPF program in the BPF file system. The option section doesn't apply
here, but otherwise semantics are the same as with the option object described
already.
master DEVICE
set master device of the device (enslave device).
nomaster
unset master device of the device (release device).
addrgenmode eui64|none|stable_secret|random
set the IPv6 address generation mode
eui64 - use a Modified EUI-64 format interface identifier
none - disable automatic address generation
stable_secret - generate the interface identifier based on a preset
/proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/{default,DEVICE}/stable_secret
random - like stable_secret, but auto-generate a new random secret if none is set
link-netnsid
set peer netnsid for a cross-netns interface
type ETYPE TYPE_ARGS
Change type-specific settings. For a list of supported types and arguments refer to
the description of ip link add above. In addition to that, it is possible to
manipulate settings to slave devices:
Bridge Slave Support
For a link with master bridge the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link set type bridge_slave [ fdb_flush ] [ state STATE ] [ priority PRIO ] [
cost COST ] [ guard { on | off } ] [ hairpin { on | off } ] [ fastleave { on | off
} ] [ root_block { on | off } ] [ learning { on | off } ] [ flood { on | off } ] [
proxy_arp { on | off } ] [ proxy_arp_wifi { on | off } ] [ mcast_router
MULTICAST_ROUTER ] [ mcast_fast_leave { on | off} ] [ bcast_flood { on | off } ] [
mcast_flood { on | off } ] [ mcast_to_unicast { on | off } ] [ group_fwd_mask MASK
] [ neigh_suppress { on | off } ] [ neigh_vlan_suppress { on | off } ] [
vlan_tunnel { on | off } ] [ isolated { on | off } ] [ locked { on | off } ] [ mab
{ on | off } ] [ backup_port DEVICE ] [ nobackup_port ] [ backup_nhid NHID ]
fdb_flush - flush bridge slave's fdb dynamic entries.
state STATE - Set port state. STATE is a number representing the following
states: 0 (disabled), 1 (listening), 2 (learning), 3 (forwarding), 4
(blocking).
priority PRIO - set port priority (allowed values are between 0 and 63,
inclusively).
cost COST - set port cost (allowed values are between 1 and 65535,
inclusively).
guard { on | off } - block incoming BPDU packets on this port.
hairpin { on | off } - enable hairpin mode on this port. This will allow
incoming packets on this port to be reflected back.
fastleave { on | off } - enable multicast fast leave on this port.
root_block { on | off } - block this port from becoming the bridge's root
port.
learning { on | off } - allow MAC address learning on this port.
flood { on | off } - open the flood gates on this port, i.e. forward all
unicast frames to this port also. Requires proxy_arp and proxy_arp_wifi to
be turned off.
proxy_arp { on | off } - enable proxy ARP on this port.
proxy_arp_wifi { on | off } - enable proxy ARP on this port which meets
extended requirements by IEEE 802.11 and Hotspot 2.0 specifications.
mcast_router MULTICAST_ROUTER - configure this port for having multicast
routers attached. A port with a multicast router will receive all multicast
traffic. MULTICAST_ROUTER may be either 0 to disable multicast routers on
this port, 1 to let the system detect the presence of routers (this is the
default), 2 to permanently enable multicast traffic forwarding on this port
or 3 to enable multicast routers temporarily on this port, not depending on
incoming queries.
mcast_fast_leave { on | off } - this is a synonym to the fastleave option
above.
bcast_flood { on | off } - controls flooding of broadcast traffic on the
given port. By default this flag is on.
mcast_flood { on | off } - controls whether a given port will flood
multicast traffic for which there is no MDB entry. By default this flag is
on.
mcast_to_unicast { on | off } - controls whether a given port will
replicate packets using unicast instead of multicast. By default this flag
is off.
group_fwd_mask MASK - set the group forward mask. This is the bitmask that
is applied to decide whether to forward incoming frames destined to link-
local addresses, ie addresses of the form 01:80:C2:00:00:0X (defaults to 0,
ie the bridge does not forward any link-local frames coming on this port).
neigh_suppress { on | off } - controls whether neigh discovery (arp and nd)
proxy and suppression is enabled on the port. By default this flag is off.
neigh_vlan_suppress { on | off } - controls whether per-VLAN neigh
discovery (arp and nd) proxy and suppression is enabled on the port. When
on, the bridge link option neigh_suppress has no effect and the per-VLAN
state is set using the bridge vlan option neigh_suppress. By default this
flag is off.
vlan_tunnel { on | off } - controls whether vlan to tunnel mapping is
enabled on the port. By default this flag is off.
locked { on | off } - controls whether a port is locked or not. When
locked, non-link-local frames received through the port are dropped unless
an FDB entry with the MAC source address points to the port. The common use
case is IEEE 802.1X where hosts can authenticate themselves by exchanging
EAPOL frames with an authenticator. After authentication is complete, the
user space control plane can install a matching FDB entry to allow traffic
from the host to be forwarded by the bridge. When learning is enabled on a
locked port, the no_linklocal_learn bridge option needs to be on to prevent
the bridge from learning from received EAPOL frames. By default this flag
is off.
mab { on | off } - controls whether MAC Authentication Bypass (MAB) is
enabled on the port or not. MAB can only be enabled on a locked port that
has learning enabled. When enabled, FDB entries are learned from received
traffic and have the "locked" FDB flag set. The flag can only be set by the
kernel and it indicates that the FDB entry cannot be used to authenticate
the corresponding host. User space can decide to authenticate the host by
replacing the FDB entry and clearing the "locked" FDB flag. Locked FDB
entries can roam to unlocked (authorized) ports in which case the "locked"
flag is cleared. FDB entries cannot roam to locked ports regardless of MAB
being enabled or not. Therefore, locked FDB entries are only created if an
FDB entry with the given {MAC, VID} does not already exist. This behavior
prevents unauthenticated hosts from disrupting traffic destined to already
authenticated hosts. Locked FDB entries act like regular dynamic entries
with respect to forwarding and aging. By default this flag is off.
backup_port DEVICE - if the port loses carrier all traffic will be
redirected to the configured backup port
nobackup_port - removes the currently configured backup port
backup_nhid NHID - the FDB nexthop object ID (see ip-nexthop(8)) to attach
to packets being redirected to a backup port that has VLAN tunnel mapping
enabled (via the vlan_tunnel option). Setting a value of 0 (default) has
the effect of not attaching any ID.
Bonding Slave Support
For a link with master bond the following additional arguments are supported:
ip link set type bond_slave [ queue_id ID ] [ prio PRIORITY ]
queue_id ID - set the slave's queue ID (a 16bit unsigned value).
prio PRIORITY - set the slave's priority for active slave re-selection
during failover (a 32bit signed value). This option only valid for active-
backup(1), balance-tlb (5) and balance-alb (6) mode.
MACVLAN and MACVTAP Support
Modify list of allowed macaddr for link in source mode.
ip link set type { macvlan | macvap } [ macaddr COMMAND MACADDR ... ]
Commands:
add - add MACADDR to allowed list
set - replace allowed list
del - remove MACADDR from allowed list
flush - flush whole allowed list
Update the broadcast/multicast queue length.
ip link set type { macvlan | macvap } [ bcqueuelen LENGTH ] [ bclim LIMIT ]
bcqueuelen LENGTH - Set the length of the RX queue used to process
broadcast and multicast packets. LENGTH must be a positive integer in the
range [0-4294967295]. Setting a length of 0 will effectively drop all
broadcast/multicast traffic. If not specified the macvlan driver default
(1000) is used. Note that all macvlans that share the same underlying
device are using the same queue. The parameter here is a request, the
actual queue length used will be the maximum length that any macvlan
interface has requested. When listing device parameters both the
bcqueuelen parameter as well as the actual used bcqueuelen are listed to
better help the user understand the setting.
bclim LIMIT - Set the threshold for broadcast queueing. LIMIT must be a
32-bit integer. Setting this to -1 disables broadcast queueing altogether.
Otherwise a multicast address will be queued as broadcast if the number of
devices using it is greater than the given value.
DSA user port support
For a link having the DSA user port type, the following additional arguments are
supported:
ip link set type dsa [ conduit DEVICE ]
conduit DEVICE - change the DSA conduit (host network interface)
responsible for handling the locally terminated traffic for the given DSA
switch user port. For a description of which network interfaces are
suitable for serving as conduit interfaces of this user port, please see
https://docs.kernel.org/networking/dsa/configuration.html#affinity-of-user-
ports-to-cpu-ports as well as what is supported by the driver in use.
master DEVICE - this is a synonym for "conduit".
ip link show - display device attributes
dev NAME (default)
NAME specifies the network device to show.
group GROUP
GROUP specifies what group of devices to show.
up only display running interfaces.
master DEVICE
DEVICE specifies the master device which enslaves devices to show.
vrf NAME
NAME specifies the VRF which enslaves devices to show.
type TYPE
TYPE specifies the type of devices to show.
Note that the type name is not checked against the list of supported types -
instead it is sent as-is to the kernel. Later it is used to filter the returned
interface list by comparing it with the relevant attribute in case the kernel
didn't filter already. Therefore any string is accepted, but may lead to empty
output.
nomaster
only show devices with no master
novf only show devices with no VF info
ip link xstats - display extended statistics
type TYPE
TYPE specifies the type of devices to display extended statistics for.
ip link afstats - display address-family specific statistics
dev DEVICE
DEVICE specifies the device to display address-family statistics for.
ip link help - display help
TYPE specifies which help of link type to display.
GROUP
may be a number or a string from /usr/share/iproute2/group or /etc/iproute2/group which
can be manually filled and has precedence if exists.
EXAMPLES
ip link show
Shows the state of all network interfaces on the system.
ip link show type bridge
Shows the bridge devices.
ip link show type vlan
Shows the vlan devices.
ip link show master br0
Shows devices enslaved by br0
ip link set dev ppp0 mtu 1400
Change the MTU the ppp0 device.
ip link add link eth0 name eth0.10 type vlan id 10
Creates a new vlan device eth0.10 on device eth0.
ip link delete dev eth0.10
Removes vlan device.
ip link help gre
Display help for the gre link type.
ip link add name tun1 type ipip remote 192.168.1.1 local 192.168.1.2 ttl 225 encap gue
encap-sport auto encap-dport 5555 encap-csum encap-remcsum
Creates an IPIP that is encapsulated with Generic UDP Encapsulation, and the outer UDP
checksum and remote checksum offload are enabled.
ip link set dev eth0 xdp obj prog.o
Attaches a XDP/BPF program to device eth0, where the program is located in prog.o,
section "prog" (default section). In case a XDP/BPF program is already attached, throw
an error.
ip -force link set dev eth0 xdp obj prog.o sec foo
Attaches a XDP/BPF program to device eth0, where the program is located in prog.o,
section "foo". In case a XDP/BPF program is already attached, it will be overridden by
the new one.
ip -force link set dev eth0 xdp pinned /sys/fs/bpf/foo
Attaches a XDP/BPF program to device eth0, where the program was previously pinned as
an object node into BPF file system under name foo.
ip link set dev eth0 xdp off
If a XDP/BPF program is attached on device eth0, detach it and effectively turn off
XDP for device eth0.
ip link add link wpan0 lowpan0 type lowpan
Creates a 6LoWPAN interface named lowpan0 on the underlying IEEE 802.15.4 device
wpan0.
ip link add dev ip6erspan11 type ip6erspan seq key 102 local fc00:100::2 remote
fc00:100::1 erspan_ver 2 erspan_dir ingress erspan_hwid 17
Creates a IP6ERSPAN version 2 interface named ip6erspan00.
ip link set dev swp0 type dsa conduit eth1
Changes the conduit interface of the swp0 user port to eth1.
SEE ALSO
ip(8), ip-netns(8), ethtool(8), iptables(8)
AUTHOR
Original Manpage by Michail Litvak <mci@owl.openwall.com>